FORMULE TRIGONOMETRICE

0 CI C II C III 3 C IV 2
2 2
sin x 0 + 1 + 0 - -1 - 0
cos x 1 + 0 - -1 - 0 + 1
tg x 0 + | - 0 + | - 0

ctg x | + 0 - | + 0 - |
sin x Formula fundamental:
tgx= sin x =cosx
cos x 6 4 3 2 sin 2 x+cos 2 x=1
cos x sin 1 2 3
ctgx=
sin x 2 2 2 cos x =sinx
2
1 cos 3 2 1

tgx= tg x =ctgx
ctx 2 2 2
2
1 tg 3 1 3
ctgx= tgx
3 ctgx x =tgx
1 2
secx= ctg 3 1 3
cos x 3
1
cosecx=
sin x

Formule provenite din formula fundamental:

tg 2 x 1
cos 2 x =1- sin 2 x sin 2 x =1- cos 2 x sin 2 x = sin 2 x = 1 ctg 2 x
1 tg 2 x
sin 2 x 1 cos 2 x 1 ctg 2 x
tg 2 x = tg 2 x =
1 sin 2 x cos 2 x cos 2 x = 1 tg 2 x cos x =
2
1 ctg 2 x
1 sin 2 x cos 2 x 1 1
ctg 2 x = ctg 2 x = ctg 2 x = tg 2 x tg 2 x = ctg 2 x
sin 2 x 1 cos 2 x

Funcii trigonometrice:
f: [-1,1], f(x) = sinx
f:[-1,1] , , f(x)= arcsin x
f: [-1,1], f(x) = cosx 2 2
f:[-1,1] [0, ], f(x)= arccos x
f: \ k / k Z , f(x) =tgx
2
f: ; , f(x)= arctg x
f: \ k / k Z
, f(x)= ctgx 2 2
f: ( 0; ) , f(x)= arcctg x

Paritatea i sin(-x) = - sinx arcsin(-x)= -arcsin x

imparitatea cos(-x) = cosx arccos(-x)= -arccos
funciilor
x , arcsin(sinx)=x tg(-x) = - tgx x
2 2 trigonometrice: ctg(-x) = - ctgx arctg(-x)= -arctg x
x [ 0, ] arccos(cosx)=x arcctg(-x)= -arcctg x
x [-1, 1] sin(arcsinx)=x sin(x+2k ) = sinx
x ; arctg(tgx)=x x [-1, 1] cos(arccosx)=x cos(x+2k ) = cosx
2 2
x tg(arctgx)=x tg(x+k ) = tgx
x ( 0; ) arcctg(ctgx)=x x ctg(arcctgx)=x ctg(x+k ) = ctgx, k Z
Reducerea la primul cadran: Deplasarea n punctul diametral opus:
1
 x C II : x C III : x C IV : x :

sinx=sin( - x) sinx = - sin(x - ) sinx = - sin(2 - x) sin(x - ) =sin(x+ ) = - sinx
cosx= - cos( - cosx = - cos(x - cosx = cos(2 - x) cos(x - ) = cos(x+ ) = - cosx
x) ) tgx = - tg(2 - x) tg(x - ) = tg(x+ ) = tgx
tgx = - tg( - x) tgx = tg(x - ) ctgx = - ctg (2 - x) ctg(x - ) = ctg(x+ ) = ctgx
ctgx = - ctg( - ctgx = ctg(x - )
sin(x+y) = sinxcosy + cosxsiny sin(x-y) = sinxcosy cosxsiny sin2x = 2sinxcosx
cos(x+y) = cosxcosy sinxsiny cos(x-y) = cosxcosy + sinxsiny cos2x = cos 2 x-sin 2 x
tgx tgy tgx tgy =
tg(x+y) = 1 tgxtgy tg(x-y) = 1 tgxtgy
=2cos 2 x 1 =
ctgx ctgy 1 ctgxctgy 1 = 1 2sin 2 x
ctg(x+y) = ctx ctgy
ctg(x-y) = ctgx ctgy 2tgx
tg2x = 1 tg 2 x

x ctg 2 x 1
sin 2
= ctg2x =
2 2ctgx
1 cos x x
cosx-1 = - 2sin 2 sin3x = 3sinx 4sin 3 x
2 2
cos3x = - 3cosx + 4cos 3 x
2 x x
cos = cosx+1 = 2cos 2 3tgx tg 3 x
2 2 tg3x =
1 cos x 1 3tg 2 x
2 ctg 3 x 3ctgx
1 cos x ctg3x =
2 x 3ctg 2 x 1
tg =
2 1 cos x
Transformarea produselor n sume: Transformarea sumelor n produse: Substituia
universal:
cosx cosy = x y x y
sinx+siny = 2sin cos
cos( x y ) cos( x y ) 2 2 x

t = tg
2 x y x y 2
sinx-siny = 2cos sin
sin( x y ) sin( x y ) 2 2 2t
sinx cosy = sinx =
2 x y x y 1 t2
cosx+cosy = 2cos cos
sinx siny = 2 2 1 t2
cos( x y ) cos( x y ) x y x y cosx =
cosx-cosy = - 2sin sin 1 t2
2 2 2 2t
x y sin( x y ) tgx =
arctg x arctg y = arctg tgx+tgy = ; tgx-tgy = 1 t2
1 m xy cos x cos y
1 t2
sin( xFunctiile
y) trigonometrice: ctgx =
Ecuaii trigonometrice: 2t
cos x cos y
sinx = a, a [-1, 1] x = (-1) k arcsin a + k , k arcsin x +arccos x =

Z 2
cosx = a, a [-1, 1] x = arccos a + 2k , k Z
tgx = a, a R x = arctg a + k , k Z arctg x +arcctg x =
2
ctgx = a, a R x = arcctg a+ k , k Z
sinx = sina, a R x = (-1) k a + k , k Z sinx = 0 x = k , k Z
cosx = cosa, a R x = a + 2k , k Z
cosx = 0 x = k , k Z
2
tgx = tga, a R\ k / k Z x = a+k , k Z tgx = 0 x = k , k Z
2

ctgx = ctgx, a R\ k / k Z x = a+k , k Z ctgx = 0 x = k , k Z
2
2