Research methodology Definition:

Methodology is the systematic, theoretical analysis of the methods applied to a field of

study. It comprises the theoretical analysis of the body of methods and principles associated with a
branch of knowledge. Typically, it encompasses concepts such as paradigm, theoretical model,
phases and quantitative or qualitative techniques.

Mathematical tools for analysis:

Basic Mathematics

Algebra

Geometry

Trigonometry

Matrix Algebra

Calculus

Single Variable Calculus

Multiple Variable Calculus

Differential Equations

Statistics

Exploratory research

Exploratory research is research conducted for a problem that has not been
studied more clearly, establishes priorities, develops operationaldefinitions and improve the
final research design.Exploratory research helps determine the bestresearch design,
data-collection method and selection of subjects.

conclusive research

As the term suggests, conclusive research is meant to provide information that is useful in
reaching conclusions or decision-making.

Conclusive research can be sub-divided into two major categories:

1. Descriptive or statistical research, and

2. Causal research

Descriptive research or statistical research provides data about the population or universe being
studied. But it can only describe the "who, what, when, where and how" of a situation, not what caused it.

The two most commonly types of descriptive research designs are

1. Observation and
2. Surveys

Observation

Observation is a primary method of collecting data by human, mechanical, electrical or electronic

means. The researcher may or may not have direct contact or communication with the people whose
behaviour is being recorded.
Surveys

The survey technique involves the collection of primary data about subjects, usually by selecting a
representative sample of the population or universe under study, through the use of a questionnaire. It is a
very popular since many different types of information can be collected, including attitudinal, motivational,
behavioural and perceptive aspects.

Causal Research

If the objective is to determine which variable might be causing

certain behaviour, i.e. whether there is a cause and effect relationship between variables, causal research
must be undertaken.

1. Experimentation
2. Simulation

Modeling

Modeling involves developing physical, conceptual, or computer-based

representations of systems. ... Computer modeling is a relatively new
scientificresearch method, but it is based on the same principles as physical and
conceptualmodeling.

Algorithmic Research:

It is a sequence steps to solve a problem of interest. It is procedure for solving

problem with special focus on solving problem using computer.

Research process steps:

secondary data

Common sources of secondary data for social science include censuses,

information collected by government departments, organisational records and datathat was
originally collected for other research purposes. Primary data, by contrast, are collected by
the investigator conducting the research.

Internal sources include data that exists and is stored inside your organization.

External data is data that is collected by other people or organizations from your
organization's external environment.