ADAMSON UNIVERSITY

College of Engineering
Chemical Engineering Department
M a ni l a

EXPERIMENT NO.1

DETERMINATION OF MOLAR VOLUME

AND UNIVERSAL GAS CONSTANT

GROUP 3

SCHEDULE: MONDAY / 7:00 10:00 AM

DOP: JULY 31, 2017
DOS: AUGUST 2, 2017
SUBMITTED BY: CIRUJALES, JUNE MARK T. 201513079
PEARUBIA, CHESTER JAMES P. 201611024
RODRIGO, ANGELICA G. 201510370
SUBMITTED TO: ENGR. JARLIE R. CLEMEA
 Abstract
Standard Molar Volume is the volume occupied by one mole of any gas at STP. Standard
temperature is 273 K. Standard pressure is 760 mm Hg. According to the Avogadros Law, all
gasses will occupy 22.4 Liters volume when one mole is present in the sample and the pressure
and temperature are held at STP. With these parameters, we will try to verify this by producing
H2 gas by reacting Mg and Zn with HCl. The experiment was done with the following materials:
buret, thermometer, copper wire, Mg ribbon, Zn metal, analytical balance, beaker and distilled
water. The goal was to find the volume change in the buret. From this we substituted the
values in the equations, to get the desired values like Vm and R. The percent difference were
ranging from 8% - 15%. These were due to personal and instrumental errors.

I. Introduction

Were discussing here the solubility of the inorganic compounds, since in this
experiment we use metal materials, their ability to react with strong acids have concluded us
that in this method we are proving that the amount of substance has direct proportionality
within itself. They will counteract with much more electricity and be able to dissolve in a single
amount of time. However more and more ways are available, as soon as we found out that the
required amount of volume has therefore no expectations. This experiment have taught us the
importance of the determination of the ideal gas constant, and how it is treated and called as
well-behaved, ideal, perfect gas.

II. Theoretical Background

The lab experiment was expected to reveal the value of the gas constant, since then
atmospheric conditions are inevitable, since no experiment is perfect, we cant assume the real
and perfect accuracy of its value. Therefore, there would be a lot to determine and steps before
we can get, but this is just an experiment, no value is significant. But then, it is a more
developed foundation that we have. The satisfaction of its temporary value is therefore fair.
 III. Methodology
The experiment consists of one part only. The first step is to pour 10 mL of
concentrated in an acid buret. 40 mL of water is then added slowly to avoid the mixture of the
two liquids. The magnesium metal must be weighed to approximately 0.20 grams then it is
attached to a copper wire. It is then slipped or inserted to the cork. The buret is then inverted
in a 1 L of beaker with water. The volume of the hydrogen gas produced is recorded by writing
the change in volume in the buret. These steps are repeated thrice with Zn.

IV. Discussion of Results

TRIAL TRIAL
DATA
1 2 3 1 2 3
Metal used Magnesium Zinc
Atomic weight of metal (mg/mmol) 24.31 24.31 24.31 65.38 65.38 65.38
Mass of metal (mg) 19.8 18.8 18.5 20.8 20.1 19.6
Millimole of metal 0.814 0.773 0.761 0.318 0.307 0.300
Volume of hydrogen gas
collected (mL) 24.00 23.10 22.90 9.20 8.80 8.40
Barometric pressure
(mmHg) 760 760 760 760 760 760
Temperature (C) 29 29 29 29 29 29
Vapor pressure of water
(mmHg) 30.043 30.043 30.043 30.043 30.043 30.043
Molar volume (calculated)
(mL/mmol) 25.60 25.95 26.13 25.12 24.89 24.31
Gas constant (calculated)
(mL-mmHg/K-mol) 71265.14 72230.87 72734.62 69927.99 69284.27 67678.13
Molar volume (accepted)
(mL/mmol) 22.4 22.4 22.4 22.4 22.4 22.4
Gas constant (accepted)
(mL-mmHg/K-mol) 62363.67 62363.67 62363.67 62363.67 62363.67 62363.67
Percentage difference (molar
volume) 13.33% 14.68% 15.37% 11.45% 10.53% 8.18%
Percentage difference (gas constant) 13.32% 14.66% 15.35% 11.44% 10.51% 8.17%
 The experiment required us to calculate the molar volume of the gases and the gas constant
during the reaction of Mg and Zn with HCl. The reactions are shown below:

Mg + 2 HCl MgCl2 + H2
Zn + 2 HCl ZnCl2 + H2
Using the steam table, the value of vapor pressure of water at 29 C was found to be 30.043. In

calculating for the molar volume, we used the Combined Gas Law 1 1 = 2 2 The values from
1 2
left side of the equation were derived from the experimental values while the P2 and T2 were
derived from the values at ideal conditions which are 760 mmHg and 273 K. From this we were
able to get value for V2. The formula for molar volume is

= mmol of2 metal. The formula for the gas constant is = nT.

From the values that we have calculated, the errors ranged from 8% to 15%. The deviation of
values were from personal errors. Still, our values are considerable since they have close values
with each other. Other errors may have risen from faulty measurements from not perfectly
calibrated equipment.

Sample Computations:

For Trial 1 of Magnesium:

1 1 2 2 (76030.043) (24.00 )(273)
= 2 = = 20.84
1 2 (760)(29+273)

20.84
= 2 = 0.814 = 25.60

|| |22.425.60|
% . = + 100 %. = 22.4+25.60 100 = 13.32%
2 2

V. Conclusion and Recommendation

The experiment is on the determination of molar volume and universal gas constant. Two
metals were reacted with HCl to produce H2 gas. The values obtained were then used to
compute for the experimental values of molar volume and the universal gas constant. After the
experiment, the two objectives were satisfied despite considerable percent differences.

Some recommendations that we suggest is that the laboratory provide us with adequate
amount of copper wire. The wire given to us were short that is why there were some difficulty
in keeping the metal in place. Another concern were the leaking burets, we have borrowed
three burets before ending up with a decent one.