CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1. Background

The research is to investigate and observe the impact of homestay programme on the local

community perception. According to experts, tourism development has been considered a

critical tool for community development (Ko & Stewart, 2002; Sharpley & Telfer, 2002;

George, Mair & Reid, 2009; Dooyun Hwang. 2012).

Tourism is defined as the activities of persons traveling to and staying in places outside their

usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other

purposes not related to the exercise of an activity remunerated from within the place visited

(UWTO, 2005a). It is the largest source of exports in the world and it provides significant tax

revenues, decreasing the domestic tax burden, and encourages the development of

infrastructure that can benefit all citizens, rather than just tourists (UNWTO, 1997). Tourism

is a social, cultural and economic phenomenon which entails the movement of people to

countries or places outside their usual environment for personal or business/professional

purposes. These people are called visitors (which may be either tourists or excursionists;

residents or non-residents) and tourism has to do with their activities, some of which imply

tourism expenditure.

The purpose of this study is to recognize the impacts that happen at Pulau Tuba, Langkawi

because of tourism activity that occurs in that place. The Pulau Tuba is located 5 kilometre

from Kuah and 20 minute boat ride from Marble Beach boat jetty. Pulau Tuba is only inhabited

Island besides Langkawi and the majority of the resident at the island is Malay and they are

Islam religious. Pulau Tuba community run homestay as a tools to gain extra income for

1
tourism besides promoting their unique agricultural activities and the natural attraction that

have in this island. The homestay program was developed by the Ministry of Tourism, Art and

Culture (MOTAC) in years 1995 to help the local to gain income and promoting this unique

island for the tourist to explore also becoming one of the tourist attraction in Langkawi island

district. The ability for them to run this homestay also are based on the government policy,

budget, and surrounding environment by getting advice from the ministry.

The tourist that come will be staying at the residents house that involve in this programme.

The tourist will involve with daily activities with the local and learn about the culture. In the

same time tourist will join the activities that plan for them by the local organizer. The tourist

also can enjoy the local lifestyle which involving themselves with fisheries activities. Tourism

activities can bring economic impacts, and culture change at this island. Some local are also

make some renovation to fulfil the need of tourist number or to increase their profits and also

as demanded from the guide by the MOTAC in Homestay Programme conduction. Due to this,

it can cause environmental changes and damage. For example, if the resident intense to extant

their house, they need to cut off the trees and it will make changes to the environment because

the houses in this island is built on the land sites that have in limited size.

The tourism activity in Pulau Tuba will bring various impacts. The impacts may effect towards

the community, environment, economic, and sociology. This happen due to the tourism activity

that the villagers conduct to gain profit for them and community. By conducting the tourism

activity, the tourist will be permitted to involve in private life of the community, living with

them to getting the experienced as the local in the Island, and visit the natural resources at this

island. This is common to happen to one village community when they conduct a homestay as

2
their product. Although this is a good industry for them, but either they realize or not it lead to

an impact towards them.

Pulau Tuba is offering a homestay as their product. The accomodation is around RM60.00 per

one night with tourist experiencing living together with villagers and get involved with their

daily activity. This attract more people that are not in that kind of life, because it is interesting

for them and they might seeking an opportunity to stay out from their busy city life and relaxing

their mind in the island. More interestingly, this island contain many beautiful natural resources

to visit such as Gua Wang Buluh, Pantai Teluk Puyuh, Mangrove sites, and its unique local

lifestyle that still practice a real villages lifestyle. This attraction are rare for city people who

really seeking village life. The homestay in this island is visited by the local tourist and

international tourist that want to enjoy this calm of mind tourism activities in this island beside

the agencies that choose Pulau Tuba as volunteer program site that also will become as

marketing tools for promoting this island product.

3
1.2 Problem Statement

Tourism industry is a mass activity that contributes for the economy of Malaysia. The

development of homestay can significantly stimulate domestic consumption and direct

economic activity towards growth that errands indirect impacts on all productive sectors of the

economy (Jucan, 2013). Tourism has become an important pillar of local economies in many

urban destinations and an important proportion of their population is becoming dependent on

this industry and these leads to positive and negative impacts that caused by tourism for

example price of goods increase, leakage, and infrastructure cost increase, and government

spend become high (Candrea, Ispas, Constantin, Hertanu, 2012)

This industry also causes impact on the local social. The local social will change due to the

tourism development at that place (Zadel, Zrinka, and Bogdan, 2013). This changing happen

because the tourist bring their culture into the society and the society itself change because

their try to be same like the tourist. This impact on the social can be positive and negative.

Cultural tourism is a complex phenomenon because it is tightly connected with other economic

branches which benefit from development of cultural tourism and the assessment of the

economic benefits of cultural tourism is often lower since it is hard to estimate the impact of

cultural tourism on other branches, which increases the economic impact of cultural tourism

(Zadel, Zrinka, and Bogdan, 2013). As positive social impact the local can have promoted

traditional cultures, increase quality of life, and learning new culture from tourist.

The impact on the environment also will occur in doing the tourism. (Matei, 2010). The

environment will need to be change in order to implement the tourism needs. This changes is

the cause that the local need to accept for ensure the tourism can be success at that place. This

impact of environment can be categorize as positive and negative for the local. The tourism

4
industry in general has a major impact on the economy of a country, given jobs and gains

generated from this activity. But equally important is the impact that tourism has on the

environment, both through the destruction of ecosystems, and through measures for their

protection (Matei, 2010) by this meaning to improve infrastructure, high technology is needed

to restore it but tourism also preserve the nature resource, and share the uniqueness of that place

nature is the among positive impact list that tourism can create. On other hand the negative

impact of tourism is the nature can damage, crowded, pollution, and also will the natural

resources cant be preserve for the future generation (Walpole, 2001)

The problem statement of this study is want to investigate the impacts that occur at Pulau Tuba

Homestay. Since the Pulau Tuba have been carry out the tourism activity, it will create the

impact toward the island in a positive or negative ways. There a lot of factors that influence

this impact toward the village in doing this tourism activities. The impact of the tourism activity

can be list down for example gaining economic income, job opportunity, improvement

infrastructure, local expose to new knowledge and many more. This study will identify the

impact that caused by tourism at Pulau Tuba Homestay both from positive and negative aspects.

Such study of tourism impacts at homestay programme is very limited, thus requiring further

examination for the future studies.

Tourism industry development should be used in order to achieve the necessary maximum

benefits with minimum negative impacts which tourism may leave on cultural resources. This

study are also identify the negative impact of tourism activity at Pulau Tuba Homestay that

will contribute on the support on Pulau Tuba Homestay Program. The negative impact that

might be cause by the tourism is damaging local culture and natural environment, low privacy

life, crime rate and many more (Matei, 2010).

5
Both of positive and negative impacts also lead to support or opposition amongst local resident.

According to Nunkoo, and Gursoy (2012), local resident support is crucial as it can influence

the success of homestay program. Opposition often lend to various problem including costly

future conflict with homestays communities, disengagement with organized programs,

unfriendly relationship with tourist and ultimately cause unsustainable tourism development

6
1.3 Research Questions

These study will answer the following three questions.

(1) What are the perception toward the impact of homestay programme in Pulau Tuba?

(2) To what extent local resident supportive of homestay programme?

(3) What are the type impacts perceived by the local residents from homestay programme?

1.4 Research Objectives

1. To examine the perception of impact on homestay programme on the local residents in

Pulau Tuba

2. To examine the relationship between residents perception and support the homestay

programme in Pulau Tuba.

3. To determine the different in term support for homestay programme according the

perception on the homestay program.

4. To determine the of impacts local resident receipts from homestay programme.

1.5 Definition of term

The following table exhibits the definition of terms involved in this study:

Table 1.1: Definition of terms.

Impact Conceptual definitions Operational definitions

Positive impact Positive impact is defined as the effect The positive impact are:

from tourism industries that gave Gain economic benefits in

benefits towards people or something
in target area. It is helpful, positive
fact, situation, or experience that
pleasant and helpful to someone in
generate income for the local
population that involve in
tourism cycle.
Generates job opportunity
for local community.
Opportunity to increase
traditional and displays and
ethnic identity.

7
 some way with benefits. In tourism
industry positive impact are the things
Local community are been
that the host want to maintain and gain
throughout the process.
Better
Tourism are likely to provide
Tourism development is
Negative impact Negative impact is defined as the The negative impact are:
effect from tourism industries that
gave bad impact to the host. Negative
impact also can be explain in tourism
as situation, or experience that is
negative for the place either in long or
short term is unpleasant, depressing,
or harmful towards the community or
environment.
Support from local Support from the local community is
community. where the local are either support or
not the tourism activity that
conducted. This support comes if the
tourism programme are benefits them.
The point of support are to make sure
the program are successful by later on
they will have benefits from it.
8
Good infrastructure
improvement with increasing
number of coming tourist.
expose to new knowledge
which is generating new
skills in giving the best
service to the tourist.
and cautious
development of environment
with aim to sustain the source
of nature.
more business opportunity
for the local community.
likely to provide an incentive
for the conservation natural
resource.
Tourism activities cause the
price of goods increase.
Tourism activities are
damaging local culture.
Tourism involvement are
changing and damaging the
natural environment.
Tourism activities are
breaching privacy local
community life.
Increasing the crime rate.
Tourism activities are
making local community
have less private time with
family due to enhance the
programme.
Support from local community are:
Local community give effort
to make sure this programme
successful.
Local community give
support in terms of capital,
time, property, and effort
initiative.
Local community let tourist
to breach the private comfort
space.
Improving the infrastructure
to make sure tourist in
comfort.
1.6 Scope and delimitation of the study

This study is conducted in Homestay Pulau Tuba, Langkawi Kedah. It is focus on the

perspectives of the local communities towards impacts of tourism development in Homestay

Pulau Tuba. It covers community perception that covers there aspects such as economic, social,

and environment.

There are several delimitation while conducting the research. First of all, the research findings

are limited to the sample which is conducted only to Pulau Tuba resident that limits to certain

number. The result shown just represent the small number of respondent that involve in

homestay programme and JKKK in Pulau Tuba. The budget constraint will be a big limitation

during the duration of conducting this research.

Also, restriction of time period in conducting this research is one of the delimitation of this

study. This study was just conducted for one year which only two months which is on first

week of July 2017 will be used for collect the data. The limited time provided force this study

to small the scope to make sure the data collection is perfectly right. This study also will only

focusing on a few group that will be interviewed because this research will use interview

method to getting more reliable data based on the research purpose.

Lastly, another limitation that emerge is to get the truthful answer from respondents. As face

to face interview will asked to the respondents, the respondent might hide the truth and honest

answer that they have and facing because they afraid that their identity will be known by other

villagers that can cause problem among them in future.

9
1.7 Significance of the study

This main purpose of this research is to understand level of the impact of homestay programme

to the residents that leads to the resident support for this programme. There is several reason

significance of this study. Firstly, this study may provide the essential information for

understanding the relationship between impacts and support for the homestay programme by

perception of local residents. There is a lot of homestay that being help now days. Therefore,

it is very crucial to determine the impact of this homestay programme that lead to level of

support by the resident itself. It is one way to recognize the reason why resident support this

programme because it can help to sustain homestay programme in future.

Secondly, this research can help the Pulau Tuba Homestay management recognize the

weakness of the homestay programme that can influence the support of the residents. This can

help them to improvise the programme to make it even better. This can help them to maintain

the programme in future so the residents can receive the positive benefits and control the cost

of this programme. It also help to satisfy all the resident either they involve or not with the

homestay programme.

The significant of this study is it can be repeated used in other homestay that have same type

as the Pulau Tuba Homestay concept. The findings of this study based on impacts of tourism

from local communities perspective that lead to support will able to be reference material in

other homestay. Besides that, there is lack of research about the Pulau Tuba Homestay program.

By this research, it may help in future research about Pulau Tuba to study the impact toward

local resident in Pulau Tuba.

10
 CHAPTER2: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Literature Review

This chapter of review the literature review are helping to understand the main area of this

study. This area of study is the impact of the tourism activity at Pulau Tuba Homestay that

bring to the local support of the homestay program at the Pulau Tuba Island, Langkawi Kedah.

In this study the literature review help to arrange the process of this study with aim to

understand the impact that the local receive that influence the support of this program. The

literature review help to understand more about the insight, knowledge, awareness, and local

culture that needed to summarize for making sure this study run efficiently in gathering data

for this research. From this review, it can help to identify the relationship between the concepts,

identify ideas, and plan for future consideration in the study and also will provide the

comparison between past study and other place study with this future study findings at the

Langkawi, Kedah. This help to provide a justification of the study because from the different

point of other view of other authors of study will develop arguments, and information based of

other study. Literature review play the vital part to identify the problem of the study which can

be solved the problems that might occur during the study with the collection of information.

The point in using the past relevant literatures is able to learn, extract, determine, summarize,

clarify information, and evaluate the information that can help this study in future.

11
2.2 Review of Related Research

2.2.1 Social Exchange Theory (SET)

The social exchange theory can be explained in general as the exchange social physiological

that explain the society negotiated and exchange between the parties because of the social

stability and benefits. This theory are relay on the economic, psychology, and sociology

exchange. This also meaning that the people communicate with each other to build up the

relationships and get through the exchange of the benefits. SET may be traced to one of the

oldest theories of social behaviour any interaction between individuals is an exchange of

resources (Homans 1958, p. 597). This explain that the individuals interaction in exchange the

resource that they get for their benefits. The basic assumption of SET is that parties enter into

and maintain relationships with the expectation that doing so will be rewarding (Blau 1968;

Homans 1958). The relationship are maintain to gaining the benefits. This relationship may

need them to sacrifice some of their importance but them more likely to maintain this

relationship with willingness. This relationships are based on the consideration of perceive

positive benefits more than the negative value. This mean the cost is low than profit than been

or will gain. Compare to other side where the cost is high than the profit, it may cause rejection

of the SET because the loss of the cost may give big impact to be bear with and not worth with

the profit give. The relationship also can last if it have equal cost and benefits as the exchange

of the risk taken.

The social exchange theory is happen to every community that involve with the tourism

industry. This exchange happen in order to provide the service to the tourist that come at that

area. SET result is where some of the community are gaining the profit and advantage with the

other hand some community are effect with the cost of this exchange. Yooshik, Y (1999) some

12
researchers have evaluated the impacts of tourism, according to residents characteristics, by

using the social exchange theory. Most of the past tourism literature have suggested and

recognized three major types of impacts when tourism is being evaluated (Yooshik Yoon,

1999). The indicator elements is the economic, socio-cultural, and environmental effect. This

elements are not only exchange in profits but it also concerned to the social and cultural

exchange and the sustainability of the environment for the future use.

As said the exchange for the seeking of the economic benefits from the tourism activity the

local may allow the tourism industry for breaching the private resource. The more profit that

can be gain by the local, the more agree them with this social exchange theory. They might

support and involved themselves based on the benefits that they might discover. Yooshik, Y

(1999) stated among these criteria, the most prominent benefits of tourism discussed in the

literature are tied to employment opportunities. This are among the economic impact that earn

by the local, some case the local earn more economic impact for example is the business

change, good infrastructure, and entrance of foreign capital.

The socio-cultural and environment exchange in tourism industry are must to make sure that

this industry are bumming. The reason is because this two factor are the main attraction for

tourist. Besides, in many tourist destinations, social and cultural structures have changed

considerably under the influence of tourism (King, Pizam, & Milman, 1993). Socio-cultural

benefits and costs of tourism development, several tourism scholars have found that residents

perceived tourism as creating congestion, traffic jams, and noise. The environment are also

need to be change to give more comfortable facilities for tourist and easy to reach. The change

of the environment is the cost that the local need to bear with in order to take the benefits. By

this significance, the local may lost some precious nature to build man made attraction,

13
facilities like airport, and accommodation. Therefore there is positive impact towards the

environment such as the conserve the nature environment and the historical artefact as the

product of tourism. The tourism players must strategically plan for use of the environment.

Some researchers emphasized that environmental protection ranked more importantly than

certain expected costs and benefits (Liu & Var, 1984; and Liu et al., 1987).

Though the social exchange trade are reason the positive and negative implication towards the

resident but the acceptation of this exchange is depend on the residents themselves based on

their study for the benefits and costs.

2.2.2 Perception of Local Resident toward Tourism Activity

Walpole, and Goodwin (2001) in their research the local attitudes towards the conservation and

tourism activity around Komodo National Park, Indonesia is based on the benefits towards

local. The factors of local support is based on the benefits that being distribute, and the host of

communities should support the tourism activity. The attraction of the Komodo Island is the

nature environment with wild animal. This study are examined the perceived distribution of

benefits within communities, effect on support tourism, and demographic factors that may also

effect attitudes towards tourism. As the result majority of the local support of the conservation

ad attitude towards the tourism because it gave benefits to local for example the employment,

and business opportunity. In solution, tourism can help to conserve the sustainable and give

benefits in the same time.

Sharma, and Gursoy (2014) undertaken research to examination of changes in residents

perceptions of tourism impacts over time based of resident socio-demographic characteristics

at Sunshine coast region. Their assessment is about the residents perception of on various

14
aspects of tourism impacts such as jobs, investment, business growth, way of living,

overcrowding, cost of tourist facilities, cultural exchange, and many more. This study will

examined the impacts of residents socio-demographic characteristics on their perceptions of

tourism over time. Sunshine Coast region has experienced significant changes in demographic

dynamics lead to impact the social context of living and types of work opportunities affecting

their attitude towards tourism and other development initiatives. This study led useful insights

to other various tourism stakeholders.

According to the Moyle, Croy, and Weiler (2009) the community and visitor social exchange

on the islands is based on the benefits and cost at the Bruny and Magnetic Islands, Australia.

This study explore the cultural the cultural interaction between communities and visitors at that

islands. The result of this study is local community members have a wide range of motivation

for entering the social exchange with visitors to genuine desire to provide quality experience

with exchange in term of financial resource to be exchanged with the local residents. Although

there way number of resident that have unfavourable interaction with the visitor because

perceived negative impact of tourism and the deterioration island infrastructure because of the

sharing with visitor. The researcher suggest that local can organize programs to cater the cost

and create via to convey the benefits of tourism towards local which can be used in future

research. The tourism place should provide quality island experiences while preserving the

quality life to the local residents.

Ellis, and Sheridan (2014) says that the resident perception play a big role for achieving

effective community based tourism at the least developed country in a long term positive

impact. This case was study at Banteay Chhmar and Banlung, Cambodia. Tourism can be

indicators to benefits all sectors while protecting longevity of the product, environment, and

15
cultural conservation. This study shows that Banteay Chhmar community are less experience,

educated, and skills to conduct tourism even there are willing to support it. In other hand,

Banlung community have good thought of tourism but scare to create conflict in future by not

show the support openly. There are realize about the benefits of tourism in future but in the

same time fear of the negative cost. To conduct a long-term community based tourism that

benefits for residents, the information on how the plan will be execute and benefits that may

receive have to inform first for support. Local perception are effect the community based

tourism as local a big role in this game.

Boley, McGehee, Perdue, and long (2014) stated the empowerment and resident attitudes

toward tourism in strengthening the theoretical foundation through a Weberian lens. There is a

gap in Social Exchange Theory that come cross with economic exchange theory. This study

developed the Resident Empowerment through Tourism Scale that lead to support of the

tourism program in perceive of positive benefits. This study suggest that the positive and

negative can be categorize into personal economic benefits, psychological, social, and political

empowerment. There will be positive relationship if the local perceive positive impacts of

tourism and conversely are the SET in attitude research but the local may motivate to engaging

tourist not only because of the economic benefits but substantive encourage.

Wang and Chen (2015) stated that the place identity influence on perceived tourism impact at

Midwest state in the USA that lead to support for tourism industry. In this study, they are trying

to complement place identity theory with social exchange theory. Place identity can be divide

or described as a compilation of meanings, knowledge, attachment, commitment and

satisfaction that an individual or group associates with a particular place. Place identity

influences resident attitudes toward support for tourism, and self-identity is a good determinant

16
of behaviour that influence by the positive and negative indicates that occur by tourism

industry. This study can be used as example for Pulau Tuba, Langkawi study to understand

either the resident have the place identity or not that influence support for tourism.

Candrea, Ispas, Constantin, Hertanu, (2012) in their study residents attitudes toward tourism

development in Brasov, Romania stated that tourist can absolutely can give the sense of

positive attitudes towards the tourism but the resident who are the one that impacting

satisfaction level, especially towards the destination attribute that influence tourism

development. The residents concern about the future development is a vital part of the

development. Residents play an important role and their attitudes and support for tourism

activities are crucial. This study case is same with Pulau Tuba Homestay that need continuing

support from resident to stay develop.

The homestay program in Malaysia is not new to the tourism set-up. In the beginning, the

homestay emerged from an overspill of tourism in terms of overflow of tourists that could not

be handled by the big entrepreneurs. The location of the homestay was usually nearby the

popular tourist destinations and the product offered was merely accommodation. The operator

of the homestay also sometimes extended his services as a tourist guide to the guests. Despite

its positive contribution to the tourism industry, homestay did not ominously contribute to

foreign exchange earnings (KPMG 1991). In the early 1990s, in the Seventh Malaysia Plan,

the government took the inventiveness to upgrade and improve this sector of tourism. The

strategies included the introduction of new products and services and increase in the

involvement of the local population, especially small entrepreneurs in the development of

distinct and localized tourism products and services. In 1993, the Ministery of Culture, Arts

17
and Tourism (MOCAT) formed a special unit to oversee the growth of the program, which was

officially launched on 3rd December 1995 (Ibrahim & Rashid, 2010)

2.3 Development of conceptual framework

Perception

Positive

impacts.
Resident level of

support for

homestay
Perception
program.
Negative

impacts.

Figure 2.1: Conceptual Framework of the study.

Positive and negative impact of the tourism activity towards the Pulau Tuba, Langkawi, Kedah

are the factors that lead to the resident only support towards tourism program. The component

that been selected according to the literature review that been done. The resident decision on

support or not the homestay program are depending on the benefits receive and cost to be bear.

In this study resident have to dealt with the impacts of the tourism and create the support or

otherwise. Subsequently, the framework examines the structural and causal relationships

among the impacts and support.

18
 CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY

3.1 Description of Research Approach / Design

This chapter will discuss about the technique used in this research which is how to get the data

and analyse of the data collection. This research is focusing about of the local resident support

based on their perception to tourism impacts in Pulau Tuba, Langkawi. The method of

qualitative are used which the in depth interview has been applied in this study. A self-

administered interview questionnaire was developed base on the literature review that related

to the Social Exchange Theory (SET). The interview question are designed to examine the

perspectives of the local towards the tourism program that the island held for years in terms of

economic, socio-cultural, and environment of tourism development that lead to support and not

support by the resident. Data is needed to match several objectives in this study for example,

data collection must be able to provide insights into understanding of local communities

perspectives about homestay program. Qualitative methods of data collection will be utilized

such as gathering the data that important towards to match the research objectives.

Consideration of time and cost should be view as the research required the availability of

resource.

Referring Xiao, and Smith (2005) on the case study in tourism research in a state of the art

analysis examine on how to form the case study methodological in tourism research. The

researcher should take serious about the journals that use because it may emerge the

stereotypical perception on the study that the researcher should justified. It also mention that

the typology of exploratory, descriptive, and explanatory is effective tools. Structural

interviews and survey, open-ended interviews, focus interviews, observation (direct and

participation), documents, and archival records are example to get the fact of the study. In this

19
study it focus on pertaining to tourism development planning and community perception of

reaction to tourism impacts. The research that been produce can be categorize to academic

level, research design, and presentation on methodology. From this study, it can help create a

set of methodology style for case study at Pulau Tuba, Langkawi Homestay in future.

3.2 Selection of subjects/respondents

This study will be conducted in Pulau Tuba, Langkawi where the homestay program is held.

The respondents are the local residents who live in the village who experience the impacts of

homestay program either directly or indirectly. Around 15 families who participate actively in

the homestay program. This study will cover both residents who are involved in the homestay

program, those who are not involved in order to get their responses to the tourism activities and

also those involve indirectly with the homestay program such as tour guide and PA system

service provider. JKKK committees is another group that will be interviewed because to

investigate on their perception about the homestay programme development and impact that

occurs at Pulau Tuba also their support towards the homestay program.

3.3 Interview Guide

In this study, the survey instrument is a interview method questionnaire developed consisting

of four part which is their demographic, their participation in homestay program whether they

involve or not, question on how their perception about the homestay program in Pulau Tuba

and their support on the homestay program at Pulau Tuba. This four main part of this interview

will lead to their perception that will lead to their support towards the homestay programme at

Pulau Tuba homestay program. All the question will related to the research question that has

been asked in investigating this research.

20
3.4 Data Collection & Procedure

The respondents in this study are the local residents that live in Pulau Tuba, Langkawi. The

data collection will involve 20 person which is five person that involve directly with homestay

program, 5 person that involve indirectly with homestay program, five person which not

involve with homestay program and 5 person from JKKK committees. This data collection will

be conducting during semester break which is 3 days that will be chosen during the semester

break. The respondent gathering will be done by homestay manager to get the target group to

be interview. Interview form will be filled by the researcher to get their demographic data in

order to ease them during the interview session and appreciation token will be given to them.

3.5 Data Processing and Analysis

Data processing will be done after all the interview recorded. The recorded interview will be

analyse the data by listening back all the interview contain to get the data and will transcript

back the data. All the data is using to investigate on the local resident perception towards the

homestay program support at Pulau Tuba Langkawi.

21
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Interview Question
1) Bagaimanakah anda boleh terlibat dengan program homestay ini?
2) Siapa yang mempengaruhi anda untuk menyertai program ini?
3) Bagaimanakah penglibatan anda dalam program homestay ini?
4) Sejauh manakah kefahaman anda mengenai program ini?
5) Apakah manfaat yang anda perolehi selepas menyertai program ini?
6) Apakah kesan yang anda dapat lihat daripada program homestay ini?
7) Adakah anda menyokong perlaksanaan program homestay di Pulau Tuba ini? Jika ya,
Kenapa? Jika tidak, Kenapa?
8) Apakah faktor utama meyebabkan anda menyokong program homestay ini?
9) Adakah hasil daripada program homestay ini digunakan untuk pembangunan kawasan
pulau tuba?
10) Adakah anda berasa terganggu dengan kemasukan pelancong ke Pulau Tuba. Jika ya,
kenapa anda mengatakan demikian?
11) Adakah hasil daripada program homestay mencukupi untuk menampung perbelanjaan
anda?
12) Apakah pandangan anda tentang program homestay di Pulau Tuba ini?
13) Adakah program ini membawa manfaat terhadap komuniti disini?
14) Adakah program ini membawa keburukan terhadap komuniti di Pulau Tuba?
15) Adakah anda merasai perubahan sejak berlakunya aktiviti pelancongan di kawasan
Pulau Tuba?
16) Adakah anda selesa dengan kemasukan pelancong ke Pulau Tuba?
17) Bagaimanakah penerimaan masyarakat terhadap pelancong menerusi program
homestay?
18) Adakah pembangunan infrastruktur di Pulau Tuba ini mempunyai kaitan dengan
aktiviti pelancongan?
19) Pada pendapat anda, sejauh mana program ini dapat berterusan di Pulau Tuba?
20) Bagaimanakah penerimaan anda terhadap kemasukan pelancong ke Pulau Tuba?

25