Sambruk Collaboration

Framework
Thomas Rosenfall
Linkping University and Sambruk
Presentation
Thomas Rosenfall,PhD (soon)*
Industrial marketing
Linkping University
Mail: thomas.rosenfall@liu.se
Phone: +46(0)13 28 25 23

http://www.iei.liu.se/indmark/rosenfall-thomas?l=sv

* On April, 26, 2012, I will be defending my thesis: Open Source Vendors business models
Agenda
The problem
Swedish municipalities
The Swedish regulation of public procurement
Sambruk
Brief history of the Sambruk association
Promoting projcts
Creating a framework to promote development
The different kinds of acquirements for Sambruk
Process model for Sambruk association
Sambruk Collaboration Framework (SCF)
Introduction to the framework
Two cases for testing the framework
Summary
The problem (1)
Swedish municipalities

290 municipalities
Largest: Stockholm, pop. 810 000
Smallest: Bjurholm, pop. 2 500
Each municipality is autonomous
Dependent on own resources and competence
Few have large enough ICT departments
Most are dependent on commercial third parties
The majority lack purchasing powers
But, governed by procurement regulations
Few penalties for breaking the regulations
Swedish municipalities were early ICT
adopters
Mixed experiences from locally developed systems in
the 1970:ies and 1980:ies
The problem (2)
The Swedish regulation of public procurement

Constructed to facilitate EUs regulations

Preferences the waterfall project model
Penalizes other forms of development methods
General agreements for major vendors
IBM, Microsoft and Novell only
Open Source general agreement in 2010
Only five companies mostly consultants
Despite the agreements costs are high
Licenses and maintenance fees are increasing
Penalizing small municipalities with few citizens
The problem (3)
The result

Municipality business systems are owned by two (2)

These systems were developed in the early 1980:ies
New regulations and demands are hard to implement
Both systems are hard to switch
The user interfaces demands user certification
E-services based on these systems lack of functionality and design
The common usage means bypassing the regulations
Requests for changes are put on hold
New procurement ends up with the usual vendors
Competitors are bought up or priced out
Municipalities are offered to pay for new features, and still the
companies charges extra for these to new customers
The IPR for new products, fully paid for are
habitually turned over to the vendor
Later, the original municipality still have to pay for licenses
Sambruk
Brief history of Sambruk

Sambruk (approx: co-use)

Founded in 2005 to:
Collaborate about and co-use e-services
Increase the purchasing powers for smaller members
> 100 members,
> 50% of Swedens population
Municipalities, Government Agencies, Public Organisations
Non-profit association
Early projects accentuated the oligopoly
Project-based activities
Initiated and financed by participating members
Project management, by members or third party
Acquirements
For Sambruk
Alternatives for acquiring Managing material

Several members:
Sambruk
- Joint specification
- Joint procurement Board of Directors

Several members: Eg.

Sambruk head of
- Joint specification Specification
operations, project
One member: RFI-RFQ Supplier(s)
coordinator
- Procurement Development
Delivery
Contract
One member:
- Specification
Delivery
- Procurement Governed material
Delivery

Several members: Eg. Supplier 1 Delivery Administration

- Joint specification Specification Council for projects
One member: Development Supplier 2 Delivery
- Own development
Supplier Delivery
One member:
Specification and own
development
A B C D E
Projects
Promoting projects
Creating a framework to promote development

Development of a framework
In 2007: Sambruk Community Licence
In 2008: Sambruk Community Software
In 2009: Sambruk Community Material
In 2011: Sambruk Collaboration Framework
Sambruk Collaboration Framework (SCF)
consists of:
General information and background
General agreement for the framework (IPR)
A number of agreement for the participants
Sambruk Collaboration Framework
(SCF)

Framework to promote collaboration

Handles all sort of material:
Software, developed or given
Frameworks like SCF (meta!) and others
Documents such as specifications for RFI, RFP, RFQ, etc.
Other types of material handled by Sambruk members
Regulates copyright and other rights
SCF is NOT a license
Secures the access of the material for members
Secures that the material cant be made proprietary (against
the wishes of the project members)
Process model

Sambruk Collaboration Project

Framework concepts

IPR, software, specifications Project management

and other material Agreements
Developed
material Arrangements
Results,
Project coordination
documentation

Project members
Services or Project Financing Sambruk
products Project
purchased group members
Attraction Interest
Feedback

Suppliers Potential members Recruitment

The SCF process
Members initiate a project
Sambruk creates the project
SCF
Regulations regarding the project, membership, result
Financing
Prepares for procurement
Development, public procurement, or a gift
Supervisory board
Maintains and develop the material
The board consist of financing project members
Supervisory board (SB) and SCF
Sambruk delegates the responsibility to
maintain a material to a SB
In essence, the SB are responsible for:
evaluation, managing and developing a material
financing the maintenance and development
sign agreements with third parties (as
participants or supplier)
provide the terms for use and distribution of the
material (aside from the copyright) (ie. license)
Case 1: Innoveta
Customer support developed by external supplier

Project started January 2009

Developed through agile methods
External provider, selected through procurement
Quality assurance and knowledge development by university
researchers
Funding provided by the Swedish Innovation Agency and the
supplier
The result: Streamflow customer support system
Supplier will commercialize the result
SCF facilitated the creation of an OSS product aside of the
commercial product
Project ended in February 2012
Supervisory board founded
Case 2: BITA
Personal assistance system, developed by researcher

Project started May 2008

Based on earlier studies
Developed through agile methods
Developed by a researcher
One project member acted pilot and provided the
test bed
Funding provided by the Swedish Innovation
Agency and the participating project members
Project ended December 2011
Summary(1)
290 autonomous Swedish municipalities
Small municipalities lack purchasing power
Mixed experiences from early adoption of
ICT
A procurement regulation that:
Favors proprietary products
Obstructs OSS use
Favors waterfall projects over agile methods
License and maintenance costs increases
Oligopoly situation for most products
Summary(2)
Sambruk 2005 co-use e-services
Early procurement grappled with suppliers
Openness part of the founding ideas
Focus on project
Different ideas for collaboration
Sambruk Collaboration Framework
Developed 2007 2011
Tested in several projects
Default framework for new projects
Summary (3) Openness
How does SCF promote this?

Clarifies the relationship between financing

members and suppliers
This is how we want to collaborate with you
Retains the copyright
Minimizes illicit exploitation
Secures the users from supplier changes
Provides for Open-sourcing
Based on financing members approval
The framework itself can be adapted
And will be given an open license
Summary (4) Innovation
How does SCF promote this?

Enables innovative development

Development based in needs
Enables alternative project models
Like agile methods
The default licensing is Open Source
Enable participation of non-members
Enables innovation beyond Sambruk
Suppliers can be changed throughout the life cycle
Provides for commercialization
Based on financing members approval
The copyright is still retained by Sambruk
DISCUSSION