First Referee Pre-match Duties include...

Inspects equipment/identifies ground rules

Directs informative Captain's meeting
Briefs officiating team
Observes setters during Warm-Up
Mechanics...
Scans court prior to each beckon
Is approachable but assertive
Communicates effectively with captains/coaches
Gives scorekeeper enough time to record subs
Judgment...
Call prolonged contact power dinks
Call prolonged contact 2nd or 3rd hit
Calls lifts out of net correctly (not automatically)
Judges setter/non-setter ball handling the same
Recognizes and calls back row violations
Recognizes and calls overlaps and screens
Is preventative whenever possible
Assesses penalties appropriately
Poise...
Confident and alert appearance
Is aware of entire court/playing area
Has good reaction time on calls
Directs/Controls when necessary
Critical Elements...
Has whistle, cards and coin
Whistle is clear, sharp and authoritative
Signals are correct, visible, held
Whistles ball dead immediately, then signals
Ability to stay with the play
Uses R2 & lines people effectively
Good eye contact with R2
Calls 1st hit, prolonged contact vs multiple contact
Calls multiple contacts on 2nd & 3rd hit
Consistent judgment calls
 Umpire Roles (two-man)

Responsibilities of the Base Umpire (U1)

The base umpire (U1) has a vastly more varied set of responsibilities than does the
plate umpire. He has three different start positions (in two-man system) and the
responsibilities vary somewhat depending on his position at the time of the pitch.
Let's start with responsibilities regardless of start position.

From ALL positions

Checked swing. Be honest and give the PU what you see. From A it's
pretty easy to see. If you are in B this is rather difficult, and from C nearly
impossible, so if you couldn't see it, don't call it. You can't call what you don't see.
Batter hit by pitch. The PU will normally get this call, but sometimes he
can't see it. If you see the ball hit the batter or graze his clothing, pause for a
moment (giving your PU a chance to make the call), and if he doesn't then call it.
Pick-off plays. You must remain alert and vigilant for snap throws and pick-
off moves.
Balks and illegal pitches. The PU is also watching for balks.
Base touches. This is very important and frequently overlooked by inexperienced umpires. With runners on base,
the PUhas touches at 3rd base. You have the rest.
Tag-ups. With runners on base, the PU has tag-ups at third base. You have everything else.
Interference and obstruction. You must become familiar with the gamut of base-running and fielding infractions
where the offense and defense illegally impede one another. We cover these in detail in our articles on Offensive
Interferenceand Obstruction.
Runner leaving early. Applies only to age divisions where leading off and stealing is not permitted. Also applies
to softball.

From the A position

In addition to the items listed above, when you're in A you have the following additional items. Remember than in this
position you have no runners on base.
Fair/foul on right field line. You have fair/foul on the right field line from the bag and beyond. The PU owns the
call up to the leading edge of first base; from the bag and beyond, however, you own the call. On a bounding ball
close to the line, this means squaring up, seeing the ball, then signalling fair or calling foul. On a fly ball, this
means going out.
Batter-runner. You have the batter-runner all the way to 3rd. The exception is if you go out, in which case
the PU has the runner.

From the B position

In the B position you have a runner on 1st (R1), or runners on 1st and 3rd (R1, R3). If you're on the small diamond you're
outside the base path. On the big diamond, you're inside (see Start Positions).
Plays on all runners at all bases. On a batted ball to the infield, your have all runners at all bases. Slide in the
working area, stay chest-to-ball, and let the ball take you to plays on runners. Be alert for the double play.
Illegal slide into 2nd base. On an attempted double play, watch for the illegal slide at 2nd. Of course, once you
turn to pick up the play at 1st base you can no longer see the action of R1 into 2nd; the PU should have an eye
on that.
First-to-Third. Remember that you're in a first-to-third situation, so on balls to the outfield (if not caught),
the PU has R1into third base, if he goes.
Catch/No-Catch. On a fly ball to the outfield, you have catch/no-catch responsibility in the cone. Fly balls in the
infield typically belong to the PU unless it's right in your face.
 Base touches. We listed this earlier, but it's easy to forget base touches when you're watching for plays on
runners. Don't forget to watch base touches.

From the C position

In the C position you have a runner on 2nd. All of the other bases may or may not be occupied, but if you have a runner
on second you're in C, regardless of all else that is, R1, R2 / R2, R3 / R2 only, and bases loaded.
Plays on all runners at all bases. With a runner (or runners) in scoring positin, the PU is "staying home," so you
have all runners at all bases. Slide in the working area, stay chest-to-ball, and let the ball take you to plays on
runners.
Catch/No-Catch. On a fly ball to the outfield, you have catch/no-catch responsibility in the cone. Fly balls in the
infield typically belong to the PU unless it's right in your face.
Base touches. Can't emphasize this enough.
Interference and obstruction. Repeating this because with multiple runners there are many opportunities for
interference or obstruction to occur.

Responsibilities of the Plate Umpire (PU)

Responsibilities of the plate umpire (PU) are much less variable than for the base umpire; the other side of the coin, of
course, is that the PU has a greater number of highly visible and important tasks.

In ALL situations
Rule on balls and strikes. This includes ruling on foul tips, checked swings, and batter hit by pitch. You may
consult with your partner; further, the defense can request an appeal on checked swings that are not called a
strike.
Fair/foul rulings on both base lines to the bag. You own all fair/foul calls on the first and third base lines and
on the foul lines extended. The only exception is when U1 is in the A position; in that case, PU has fair/foul on the
first base line up to (but not including) the first base bag while U1 has the call from the bag and beyond.
Game management. The PU is crew chief and is primarily responsible for game management. You run the
pregame meeting with your partner, as well as the plate meeting with the team managers.
Maintain the official lineup. You carry and manage the official lineup for the game.
Manage substitutions. All substitutions go through you, and through you to the scorekeeper. For more
information, see Substitutions.
Manage batting order infractions. If the defense appeals a batting order infraction (batting out of order), you
own arbitrating, ruling, and remedying the situation.
Balks and illegal pitches. Your partner is also watching for pitching infractions. Some are best seen by the PU,
others by the U1.
Interference/obstruction and malicious contact at home. Watch for the catcher blocking the plate without the
ball (obstruction), defensive interference ("catcher's interference"), as well as for intentional malicious contact
by a runner attempting to score.
Running lane violation. You must watch for the running lane violation on all batted balls fielded in the vicinity
of the plate.
Overthrows out of play. While your partner has the runners, you have the call on a ball overthrown out of play.
This most commonly happens on the throw to first on an infield batted ball (often into the dugout or beyond the
out-of-play lines) and you must call an immediate dead ball. We cover this and other scenarios in the
article Awarding Bases.
Batted ball hits batter. With the batter still in the batter's box and a batted ball touching the batter (either directly,
or indirectly bouncing off the plate), you have a foul ball/dead ball.
Infield fly. The infield fly is technically the PU's call, but convention has it that any umpire can call the infield fly.
All plays at home plate. You own home plate.
Putting the ball in play. Either umpire can call Time. But only the PU puts the ball back in play.
 With no runners on
Fair/Foul. With no runners on, your partner is in A, so you have the fair/foul call all the way on the 3 rd base side,
and you have it up to (but not including) the bag on the 1st base side.
Catch/no-catch. You have all catch/no-catch responsibility unless your partner goes out from A. If your partner
goes out, you have the batter-runner all the way. Except for that case, you have all catch/no-catch. Move quickly
into the infield to get a good position to see the catch.
Swipe tag/pulled foot. On a batted ball to the infield, trail the batter-runner up the 1st base line. Stop before the
BR reaches 1st and watch for a pulled foot or swipe tag.
Plays at the plate. You have the play at the plate should one develop.

With runners on first or first and third

With R1 or R1, R3 you're in a first-to-third situation, which means that you have plays on R1 at 3rd base if he advances
that far. Exception: with a fly ball down the right field line you will have the fair/foul and catch/no-catch on that ball, so
you call to your partner "I'm on the line," which tells him you will not be covering R1 into 3rd base.
Fair/foul and Catch/no-catch on the lines. Any batted ball to the outfield that brings the right or left fielders
toward their respective lines belongs to you. Move out from behind the plate and quickly get position on the
appropriate foul line so you can rule on the fair/foul, then the catch/no-catch if necessary.
Take R1 into third base. On any batted ball to the outfield, following the fair/foul or catch/no-catch rulings (if any),
move up the third base line to get any play on R1 at third base. The exception, of course, is if you have a fair/foul
call in right field. For more on that, see first-to-third situation.
All plays at the plate. You own all plays at the plate, of course. This means that on a batted ball to the outfield
with runners on both 1st and 3rd, you must see R3's base touch at home before moving all the way to third base
to get R1, if he comes. The proper technique is to take a few steps toward third base, then stop to see R3 touch
home, then turn and hustle up to third. You first-to-third situation see R3 touch home.
Batted ball to the infield. On a batted ball to the infield you have three main responsibilities:
o Illegal slide at second base. Clear the catcher and find a position for a clear view of second base and back
up you partner by watching R1's slide into second. If an illegal slide, call it.
o Pulled foot and swipe tag at first base. If no illegal slide, turn and step immediately to watch the batter-
runner into first base, looking for pulled foot or swipe tag.
o R1 at third if all hell breaks loose. In the unlikely event of errors or overthrows that lead R1 to advance
beyond second, hustle up to third to cover any play on R1 at third base.
Touches and tags at third base. With multiple runners you tag-ups and base touches by all runners at third base.

With runners in scoring position

Runners in scoring position means (a) a runner on second, (b) runners on second and third, (c) runners on first and
second, or (d) bases loaded. Additionally, in configurations (c) and (d) (and fewer than two outs) you're also in an infield
fly situation. On all batted balls you are "staying home," meaning that U1 has all runners at all bases and you have
everything at home.
Infield fly. Technically, the PU owns calling the infield fly, but in practice either umpire can call it.
All plays at home. You have all plays on all runners at home plate.
Fair/foul on both lines. Your partner is in C, so you have fair/foul on both lines all the way to the foul pole.
Touches and tags at third base. With multiple runners you have all tag-ups and base touches at third base.
 MSHSL VOLLEYBALL SCOREKEEPER DUTIES

(Revisednew language is underscored)

The official scorer should record the numbers of the starting players of each team in the serving order submitted, in the
appropriate spaces provided on the game scoring sheet (under player number). Each square represents one play or action such
as a serve, a substitution, or a time-out. Each play should be recorded as such using the appropriate figure in the key
accompanying the game scoring sheet. The squares, unless otherwise indicated, represent a serve. If a point is scored on the
serve, the respective point shall be recorded. If the serve results in a loss of rally, replay, or penalty, the appropriate figure shall
be inserted. As each point is scored, the appropriate number should be marked off in the running score section.
Preliminary
Before the start of a match, the scorekeeper prepares the score sheet for the match by printing the heading information at the top
of the score sheet. This includes the Date, Home, Visitor, Site, Start Time and End Time.
At the lower left side of the score sheet, the scorekeeper should complete the following information:
Referee print first and last name
Umpire print first and last name
Scorekeeper print first and last name
After the coin toss for serve, the scorekeeper prints the names of the teams on the sides on which they will begin to play. The
scorekeeper designates which team has the first serve in column above the Point Column.
Using the line-up sheets, the scorekeeper writes the players uniform numbers in the appropriate spaces in the serving order. In
the Player Number Column mark a small "c" after the floor captains number. The umpire will use their lineup card to check the
players starting positions on the court, while the scorekeeper simultaneously uses the score sheet to verify the players positions.
During the Match
When rally scoring is used, every service, except a replay or re-serve, results in a point.
If the serving team wins the rally, it receives a point and continues to serve. The scorekeeper slashes a point in the serving teams
Point Column for the serving team. The scorekeeper records a point in the square immediately to the right of the last point of the
server.
If the receiving team wins the rally, it receives a point and the ball for service. Place a hash mark in the box immediately following
the serving team players last point. The point is recorded on the line of the next servers number for the receiving team, and a
square is drawn around it. The scorekeeper also draws a square around the same point on the receiving teams running score in
the Point Column.
Substitutions
When the serving team requests a substitution, the scorekeeper records the following:
1. In the Player Number Column of the serving team, the scorekeeper slashes the departing player number and records
the substitute player number on the same line.
2. The substitution is recorded on the row of the server in the square to the immediate right of the last mark using an "S"
and the number of the substitute and the player she is replacing (13/3).
3. The scorekeeper slashes the next available substitution number beneath the Player Number Column of the serving
team to indicate total team substitutions.
When the receiving team requests a substitution, the scorekeeper records the following:
1. In the Player Number Column of the receiving team, the scorekeeper slashes the departing player number and records
the substitute player number on the same line.
2. The substitution is recorded on the row of the server, in the square to the immediate right of the last mark, using an "Sx"
and the number of the substitute and the player she is replacing (13/3).
3. The scorekeeper slashes the next available substitution number beneath the Player Number Column of the receiving
team to indicate total team substitutions.
Players may enter the game an unlimited number of times but always in the same service position in relation to teammates. An
unlimited number of players are allowed to enter at a given service position, provided they have not already participated in
another position in the serving order. The team is allowed a total of 18 substitutions.
Time Outs
Time outs are recorded in the Time Out box located above the Player Number Column, listing first the score of the team taking
the time out followed by the score of the opponent.
Penalty Points
If the serving team or player is assessed a penalty the opponent is awarded a point and the ball for service. The Penalty Point is
recorded on the line of the next servers number of the receiving team (P1) and a square is drawn around it. Also, draw a square
around that same point on the receiving teams running score.
Wrong Server
When the incorrect player serves the ball the scorekeeper must immediately notify the umpire so that play can be stopped. The
receiving team receives a point and the ball for service. The point is recorded on the line of the next servers number and a
square is drawn around it. The scorekeeper also draws a square around the same point on the teams running score in the Point
Column.
Comments
Penalties for illegal uniform/equipment, exceptional substitution, red and yellow cards or an unconscious/apparently unconscious
player should be noted in the Comments section. Uniform/equipment violations and cards for unsportsmanlike conduct carry over
from game to game.
When using the Comments section, the information recorded includes the team involved, referee action, and uniform number of
player and the score at the time of the incident. Scores will always be listed with the score of team involved in the comment
recorded first. Noteworthy situations include, but are not limited to the following referee actions:
1. Yellow card Y#12 (7-6) means a yellow card was given to #12 when the score was 7-6 (offending players teams score
listed first).
2. Red card R#3 (7-0) means a red penalty card was given to the #3 player when the players team led 7-0.
3. Red/Yellow card DQ #10 (4-14) means #10 was ejected when the players team trailed 4-14.
4. Uniform/Equipment Violations E#5 (3-0) means #5 attempted/was discovered in the game wearing illegal equipment.
5. Unconscious Player Write "unconscious player # ___" when an unconscious or apparently unconscious player has
been removed from the game.
6. Exceptional Substitutions
Post Game Procedures
1. The scorekeeper fills in the end time of the game.
2. The scorekeeper tallies the following statistics in the Game Summary section:
a. winning team
b. losing team
c. game score
3. The scorekeeper reviews the score sheet for completeness taking special care to verify that the scores are correct.
4. The umpire should sign the score sheet for each game.
5. The referee should sign the score sheet after the last game.
Note: All other standard scoring procedures apply as prescribed by the National Federation.
Who is a linesman?

Linesman is the person who judge that whether the ball bound inside of the court or outside with a flag. There are 4
linesmen in one court, and they usually judge one line for each. The flag that linesman has is similar to linesman's flag
for soccer.

Linesman also judge the ball touch the player's body and then bound or not, the ball exactly trough inside of an antenna
put on an end of the net without touching it or not and the server doesn't step on or step over the back line except while
jumping. If these things is happened, opponent get a point.

When the ball bound inside of the court, swing down the flag obliquely and point at the line. When the ball bound outside,
raise your flag straight. When the ball bound outside after touching somewhere of the player's body,hold the flag parallel
and in front of your body, then put your palm on the point of the flag. When the ball touch the antenna or go trough
outside of it, point the antenna, raise the flag straight and swing from side to side above your head. When the server
step on or over the back line, point the line and do like the signal when the ball touch and go trough outside of antenna.
When you can't judge, cross your arms in front of your body.
Definitions for ONLINE SELLING
Here are all the possible meanings and translations of the word ONLINE SELLING.
 CHRISTMAS SONGS
FELIZ NAVIDAD LYRICS

Feliz Navidad
Feliz Navidad
Feliz Navidad
Prospero Ano y Felicidad.

Feliz Navidad
Feliz Navidad
Feliz Navidad
Prospero Ano y Felicidad.

I wanna wish you a Merry Christmas

I wanna wish you a Merry Christmas
I wanna wish you a Merry Christmas
From the bottom of my heart.

[repeats]