Wind Load Analysis of G+10 Residential

Building
Characteristics of Wind Load :

1. velocity and density of the air

2. height above ground level
3. shape and aspect ratio of the building
4. topography of the surrounding ground surface
5. angle of wind attack
6. solidity ratio or openings in the building

Determination of Wind Loads as per IS 875 (Part 3):

Design wind speed (Vd) = Vb * k1*k2*k3
Where, Vb= Basic wind speed
k1= Probability factor or risk coefficient
k2= Terrain and height factor
k3= Topography factor

Basic wind speed :

1. IS 875 (Part 3) gives the basic wind speeds having a return period of 50 years
and at a height of 10 m above ground level.
2. Entire country is divided into six wind zones.

Probability factor / Risk Coefficient (k1) :

Basic wind speed is based on a 50yr return period. There is always a probability
(howsoever small) that basic wind speed may be exceeded in a storm of
exceptional violence; the greater the number of years over which there will be
exposure to wind, the greater is the probability. The factor k1 is based on statistical
concepts, which take account of the degree of reliability required, and period of
time during which there will be exposure to wind i.e. life of the structure. IS 875
gives values of k1 for different classes of buildings.
Terrain and Height Factor (k2):
Four terrain categories have been considered by the code depending on the
surroundings of structure.
1. Category 1: Exposed open terrain with few or no obstructions Avg. height of
surrounding objects is 1.5 m. e.g. Open sea coasts, flat treeless plains.
2. Category 2: Open terrain with well scattered obstructions with height b/w 1.5
10 m. e.g. includes airfields, open parklands etc.
3. Category 3: Terrain with numerous closely spaced obstructions having the size
of building-structures up to 10 m .e.g. Towns and industrial areas, full or partially
developed
4. Category 4: Terrain with numerous large high closely spaced obstructions. e.g.
Large city centers.
Buildings have been divided into 3 classes-
Class A: Structures having maximum dimension (greatest horizontal or vertical
dimension) less than 20 m.
Class B: Maximum dimension b/w 20 50 m.
Class C: Maximum dimension greater than 50 m.IS 875 gives the values of k2at
different heights for the above four categories and different classes of buildings.

Topography Factor (k3)--

1. Vb does not take into account the local topography features such as hills, valleys
etc.
2. Topography features affect the wind speeds.
3. Accelerated near the summits and decelerated in the valleys.
4. Value of k3 level ground or when upwind slope is less than 30is equal to 1.0.
5. Otherwise k3 = 1 + Cs where C = 1.2 Z / L for = and 0.36 for >
Z = height of the crest or hill, L = length of the upward slope, = upwind slope of
ground , s = is the factor obtained from figures.
Figure 1:

Figure 2:

Figure 3:
Design Wind Pressure:
Pd= 0.6 Vz
Where Pd= design wind pressure and Vz= design wind speed
Wind Pressure on Roofs:
Pressure acts normal to the element
F = (Cpe Cpi) *A *Pd
where F = net wind force on the element
A = surface area of the element
Pd = design wind pressure
Cpe= external pressure coefficient
Cpi = internal pressure coefficient
Velocity of the wind(Vb) = 47 m/sec
=
Or, =
= risk co-efficient
Mean probable design life of structure in years = 50 years
=1
Terrain with numerous closely speed obstruction having the size of building structures >10
m
Category =3
Greatest vertical dimension =depth
Greatest horizontal dimension =breath
Depth =14.5m
Breath =20m
Class B (between 20-50m)
=1, upwind slop >3
 Basic Design
Height of Terrain
Wind Speed (Vt
building factor Pz =0.6Vz
Speed =Vb x k1 x
(m) (K2)
Vb (m/s) k2 x k3) Force
3.6 0.88 50 44 1161.6 11.626
6.8 0.88 50 44 1161.6 20.9
10 0.88 50 44 1161.6 20.9
13.2 0.9184 50 45.98 1205.19 22.773
16.4 0.9512 50 47.56 1357.17 24.43
19.6 0.9768 50 48.84 1413.21 25.76
22.8 0.994 50 49.7 1482.06 26.68
26 1.01 50 50.5 1530.15 27.54
29.2 1.026 50 51.3 1579.014 28.92
32.4 1.0372 50 51.86 1613.018 29.05
35.6 1.0468 50 52.34 1643.605 29.59
38.8 1.054 50 52.82 1673.972 15.07
=

=2.33 Kn
=

=5.19 kn
=

=5.19kn
= =2.33 kn

= =6.93 kn

= =20.32 kn

= =24.41 kn

= =32.20 kn

= =15.4 kn

= =11.49 kn

= =

= =15.99 kn

= =35.54 kn

= =45.16 kn

= =54.25 kn

= =

= =71.56 kN