The section on the fundamental rights has been referred to as the conscience of the Constitution.

Fundamental Rights protect us against arbitrary and absolute exercise of power by the state. The
constitution guarantees right of individuals against state as well as other individuals

Right to Equality Indian Constitution Secularism

Right to Freedom
Right against exploitation
Right to freedom of religion
Cultural & Educational rights
Right to constitutional remedies
State government are autonomous in
exercising powers and taking decision
for their area on certain issues, fulfilling
the laws of the central government.
Constitution details out issues that
each tier of govt can make laws on.
Also specifies where each tier of govt
can get money for their working
Fundamental Set of Rules & Principles by which Separation of religion from state
Rights All religion are equal - State does not
country to be governed
promote any religion as state religion
Why? - Constitution provide safeguards against misuse of
Indian Secularism: The Constitution mandates that the Indian state be
authority by our political leaders. It prevent tyranny or
domination by the majority or powerful people over minority. secular and ensures following: 1 One religion community does not
dominate other. 2 Some members do not dominate the other member of
same community. 3 The state does not enforce any particular religion nor
take away the religious freedom of individual
Constitution says all three organs
Federalism Separation of Power exercise different powers so that
More than one level of govt each acts as a check on other to
ensures balance of power bn all
three
State Central Legislatures & Executives Judiciary Independent

Judiciary Role-Upholding laws & Fundamental Rights

Legislative Assembly
People directly elect their representatives
(MLA) to legislative assembly (Vidhan
Sabha). Seven state has upper house
known as legislative council
Parliamentary form of govt - Parliament
-Universal adult suffrage/franchise: People directly elect
their representatives to parliament (legislatures)
-Small Group from these form government (executives)
-Dispute Resolution & Judicial Review
Independent Judiciary to ensure Separation of Power
Structure Supreme, High & District Courts
Different legal System Criminal & Civil law
Does - Everyone has equal right to justice through courts

Parliament
Rajya Sabha-MP Lok Sabha-MP
House of People Does - All persons are equal before law. The
Council of states
President 2 - Lower House - 543 low cannot discriminate bn the persons on the
233-Upper House-12
basis of religion, caste or gender. Laws apply to
all equally and nobody is above the law
including government and president
Role of Parliament How do new laws come about?
To select National Government (Executives) Un popular & Controversial Laws
To Control Guide and Inform the Government
To make Laws