CLOSER LEVEL 1

General Revision

General Revision

LEVEL 1

STRUCTURES FUNCTIONS
TENSES
Pronouns: Personal
Greetings. Saying good
bye
Possessive, Objective
Simple Present
Making suggestions
Possessive Case
Present Continuous
Inviting
Demonstrative adjectives
Simple Past (verb to be)
Giving directions
Adverbs of frequency
Future
Apologizing
Adverbs of time
Likes and dislikes
Articles: a, an, the

There is - there are

Countable-Uncountable nouns

Prepositions of place and time

Questions

Connectors

Introduction

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TO BE HAVE GOT

MODALS OTHER VERBS

To be

Affirmative Interrogative Negative

I am a military man. Am I a military man? I am not a military man.

He-She-It is young. Is he-she-it young? He-She-It is not young.

You-We-They are students. Are you-we-they students? You-We-They are not

students.

Have got

Affirmative Interrogative Negative

I-You-We-They have got a Have I-you-we-they got a I-You-We-They havent got

car. car? a car.

He-She-It has got a car. Has he-she-it got a car? He-She-It hasnt got a car.

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Modals

Affirmative Interrogative Negative

I-You-He-She-It-We-They Can I-you-he-she-it-we- I-You-He-She-It-We-They

can run fast they run fast? cant run fast

Other verbs

In this case we use Do or Does with the simple present for the interrogative and
negative forms.

Affirmative Interrogative Negative

I-You-We-They work in the Do I-you-we-they work in I-You-We-They dont work

army the army? in the Army.

He-She-It works in the Does he-she-it work in the He-She-It doesnt work in
army army? the Army.

We add s/es to the verb with He-She-It.

Tenses

Tenses Usage Affirmative Interrogative Negative

I-You-We-They Do I-You-We-They
Simple work in an office. I-you-we-they dont work in an
Habits work in an office.
Present and routines office?

Always, never,
He-She-It works Does He-She-It
usually, in an office. He-she-it work doesnt work in
in an office? an office.
sometimes,
every day,
often

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I am working in Am I working I m not

Temporary the office. in the office? working in the
Present office.
Continuous actions/ Now
At present,
Now, At the You-We-They Are you-we- You-We-They
are working in they working arent
moment the office. in the office? working in the
office.

Actions in the I am going to Am I going to I am not going

work in an office. work in an to work in an
future office? office.
Tomorrow
Next month,
Future You-We-They are Are you-we- You-we-they
year, week going to work in they going to arent going
an office. work in an to work in an
office? office.

He- She- It Is he-she-it He-She-It

isnt going to going to work isnt going to
work in an office. in an office? work in an
office.

I-He-She-It was Was I-He-She-It

in the office I-he-she-it in wasnt
Past actions yesterday. the office in the office
Simple Past
Yesterday yesterday? yesterday.
You-We-They Were You-We-They
Last year,
were in the office You-we-they in werent in the
week, yesterday. the office office
yesterday? yesterday.
month

Structures

Personal Objective Possessive Possessive

Pronouns Pronouns Adjectives Pronouns
+ noun

Pronouns I Me My name Mine

You You Your name Yours
He Him His name His
She Her Her name Hers
It It Its name Its
We Us Our name Ours
They Them Their name Theirs

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Subject pronouns go before the verb. I am Mary

Object pronouns go after the verb. Look at me.
Possessive adjectives go before nouns. Its my bike.
Possessive pronouns never go before nouns. This pen is mine

Possessive Case

To show possession:
a) We add s to names and singular nouns.
This is Toms ball. This is the dogs toy.
b) We add to plural nouns ending in s
This is the boys house
In general, the possessive case is used for people. When we talk about things, we use the
preposition of.
Johns brother BUT the legs of the table

Demonstrative Adjectives This/ These That/ Those

We use this/ these to point to people, animals or things near us

This is an apple These are apples

That is an apple

Those are apples

We use that/ those to point to people, animals or things far away from us

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Adverbs of Frequency

Never
(0%)

Sometimes
(25%)

Often
(50%)

Usually
(75%)

Always
(100%)

Adverbs of frequency go before the main verb but after the verb to be

He usually goes to bed late

She sometimes gets up early
She is always early

Adverbs of time

Adverbs of time go at the beginning or at the end of the sentence

Present Past Future

Now Yesterday Next week, month, etc

At this moment Last Tomorrow
At present
Today

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Tonight
This morning, week, etc

Countable/ Uncountable nouns

Countable nouns are nouns we can count. They have both singular and plural
forms. One onion Two onions
Uncountable nouns are nouns we cannot count. Some sugar (Not: one, two
sugars, etc.)
Uncountable nouns usually have only singular forms. These nouns include:
Food: rice, butter, flour, pepper, sugar, salt, etc.
Liquid: orange juice, milk, coffee, water, etc.

A/ An/ Some/ Any

COUNTABLE NOUNS

There is an orange.
Affirmative There are some oranges.
There isnt an orange.
Negative There arent any oranges.
Is there an orange?
Interrogative Are there any oranges?

UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

Affirmative There is some water.

Negative There isnt any water.

Interrogative Is there any water?

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A/ An- The

We use a/an before countable nouns. Theres a cup on the table.

We use the to talk about something specific.
The cup is green. (Which cup? The cup on the table.)
We dont use the:
a) Before proper nouns. Johns here.
b) With the words this/ that/ these/ those. This cup is blue.
c) With possessive adjectives. This is my cup.
d) Names of countries (Spain), cities (Madrid), continents (Europe). But we say The USA,
The UK.

There is/ There are

Singular Plural

There is a crayon
Affirmative There are crayons
Theres a crayon

There arent any

Negative There isnt a crayon.
crayons.

Interrogative Is there a crayon? Are there any crayons?

We use there is before nouns in the singular. There is a vase on the table. Theres a book on
the desk.
(NOT: There are a book, a ruler and an eraser on the desk)
We use there are before nouns in the plural. There are hasnt got a short form.

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(NOT: Therere three books on my desk)

Prepositions of place

Prepositions of time

AT ON IN

The time: at 7oclock Days: on Monday, on New Months: in September

Holidays: at Christmas, at Years Day Seasons: in the
th
Easter, at the weekend Dates: on May 6 winter/spring/summer/
In the expressions: at Part of a particular day: autumn
the moment, at noon, at on Tuesday evening In the expressions: in
night, at midnight on Saturday morning the morning/ afternoon/
evening, in an hour, in a
minute, in a week/ month/
year

Wh Questions

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Where Who What When

(to ask (to ask (to ask (to ask
about about about about
places) people) objects) time)

Why How How much How many

(to ask (to ask (to ask (to ask
about about about about
reason) manner) quantity- quantity-
uncountable countable)
)e

Question word + auxiliary/ modal + subject + verb

Question word Auxiliary/ modal/ subject verb

verb to be
Where do you live?
Who is she?
What can you do?
When does he study English?

Connectors

Similar Things that To give a To give To show the

To link ideas are choice reason result of
different something

and but or because so

She likes coffee and tea.

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We live in Argentina but we are from Spain.

I usually go to school by bus or on foot.

They study English because they want to travel to England.

I study hard so I am going to pass my exams.

Functions

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Greetings and Introductions Responding

Hi I am Mike. Hi! I am Alice.

Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you.
Alice, this is Tom. Hi Tom, nice to meet you.

Saying goodbye Responding

Bye bye. Bye bye.

See you. See you.
See you tomorrow.
See you on Friday.
Have a nice weekend. Thanks, you too.
Have a nice day.

Inviting Accepting Rejecting

Would you like to go to the Im sorry, I cant. What about

Id love to!
cinema on Saturday? going on Sunday?
That sounds great!

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Asking for directions Giving directions

Excuse me. Wheres the museum? Go straight on and turn right. Its on the left.
How can I get to the museum?

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Apologizing Accepting an apology

Im sorry. Dont worry.

Im so sorry. Never mind.

Im terribly sorry.

Asking about likes Expressing likes Expressing dislikes

Do you like this hat? I love it! I dont like it.

I like it. I dont really like it.
Its great! Its horrible.
Its fabulous!
Its OK.

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Asking about likes Expressing likes Expressing dislikes

Do you like this hat? I love it! I dont like it.

I like it. I dont really like it.
Its great! Its horrible.
Its fabulous!
Its OK.

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Making suggestions Accepting Rejecting

What about having lunch? Thats a good idea! Im not sure thats a good

How about having lunch? OK, lets do it! idea.

Let s have lunch. That sounds great! Well, the problem is ...

Why don't we have lunch? Unfortunately, ...

Shall we have lunch?

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