Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Technical Manual
Version 28
Notices
Scope of this This document describes the features and Recloser (ACR), including the installation and
Manual operation of the U Series Automatic Circuit maintenence procedures.
Limitations
This document is copyright and is provided solely party, nor to be used as the basis of a tender or
for the use of the purchaser. It is not to be copied specification without the express written
in any way, nor its contents divulged to any third permission of the manufacturer.
Disclaimer
The advisory procedures and information Consequently, this Technical Manual is offered as
contained within this Technical Manual have been a guide only. It should be used in conjunction with
compiled as a guide to the safe and effective the customers own safety procedures,
operation of products supplied by Nu-Lec maintenance program, engineering judgement
Industries Pty Ltd. and training qualifications.
It has been prepared in conjunction with No responsibility, either direct or consequential, for
references from sub-assembly suppliers and the injury or equipment failure can be accepted by Nu-
collective experience of the manufacturer. Lec Industries Pty Ltd resulting from the use of this
Technical Manual.
In-service conditions for use of the products may
vary between customers and end-users.
Copyright
2003 by Nu-Lec Industries Pty Ltd.
All rights reserved. No part of the contents of these
documents may be reproduced or transmitted in
any form or by any means without the written
permission of the manufacturer.
iii
U-Series
iv
Technical Manual
CONTENTS
1 Introduction ................................................... 1 Auxiliary Power Source......................................... 20
Version 28 Features ................................................1 Auxiliary Supply Control Cubicle Options ............. 20
2 Scope of this Technical Manual .................. 3 Cable Entry ........................................................... 20
General ....................................................................3 Current Injection Point .......................................... 20
Equipment Versions Covered by this Manual..........3 Computer Port....................................................... 21
Controller Version Covered by this Manual .............3 6 Control Electronics Operation .................. 23
Software Identification System ................................3 Control & Protection Module ................................. 23
Software Version Covered by this Manual...............3 Operator Panel Subsystem (OPS)........................ 23
Related Documents .................................................4 Control Cable Entry Module (CCEM).................... 23
Year 2000 Compliance Statement...........................4 CAPM Operation................................................... 23
Safety Advice Concerning Isolation ........................4 Normal Operations........................................................24
3 Technical Data............................................... 5 7 Operator Control Panel.............................. 27
Circuit Breaker .........................................................5 Description ............................................................ 27
Basic Timings..................................................................5 Organisation of Liquid Crystal Display .................. 28
Fast Trip Input Module Timings (CAPM 5 Only) .............5 Turning on the Control Panel ................................ 28
Ratings ............................................................................5 Selecting Displays................................................. 28
Breaking Duty..................................................................6 Using the MENU, SELECT and ARROW Keys .... 29
Duty Cycle.......................................................................6 Display Groups ..................................................... 29
Terminal Clearance/Creepage ........................................6 System Status...............................................................29
Current Tranformers........................................................6 Event Log......................................................................29
Environmental .................................................................7 Measurement ................................................................29
Control Cubicle ........................................................7 Protection......................................................................29
General Specifications ....................................................7 Configurable Quick Keys ...................................... 29
Protection and Auto Reclose functions....................8 Quick Key Selection.............................................. 30
Inverse Time Protection ..................................................8 Operation of the Quick Key ...........................................30
Definite Time Protection..................................................9 Password Protection ............................................. 30
Instantaneous Protection ................................................9
Languages ............................................................ 30
Sensitive Earth Fault Protection (SEF) ...........................9
Main Display Groups............................................. 31
Cold Load Pickup ............................................................9
Inrush Restraint.............................................................10 Measurement Group ............................................. 31
Loss of Phase Protection ..............................................10 Protection Group................................................... 32
Under/Over Frequency Protection (CAPM 5 only) ........10 System Status Group............................................ 32
Live Load Blocking ........................................................10 8 Work Tags and Controller Mode ............... 33
High Current Lockout ....................................................11 Definition of Local or Remote User ....................... 33
Automatic Protection Group selection...........................11 Local/Remote/Hit and Run Mode.......................... 33
Auto - Reclose...............................................................11 Local Mode ...................................................................33
Directional Blocking.......................................................11 Remote Mode ...............................................................33
Loss of Supply Detection ..............................................12 Hit and Run ........................................................... 33
Other Protection features ..............................................12 Work Tagging........................................................ 34
Power System measurements...............................12 Work Tag Mode Protection Settings ..................... 35
Demand History .....................................................13 9 Protection.................................................... 37
Equipment and Crating Dimensions ......................13
Overview ............................................................... 37
4 Construction and Operation ...................... 15 Trip Flags .............................................................. 37
General Description ...............................................15 Trip Flag Display Page..................................................37
Circuit Breaker Mounting .......................................15 Resetting theTrip Flags .................................................38
Manual Trip............................................................15 Operator Settings.................................................. 38
Line Connection/Terminals ....................................15 Protection OFF and Pickup Flags ......................... 39
Surge Arresters......................................................15 Sensitive Earth Fault Control ................................ 39
Control Cubicle Connection ...................................15 Negative Phase Sequence Protection .................. 39
Circuit Breaker Memory .........................................16 NPS Protection Operation..................................... 40
Contact Life............................................................16 Earth Fault Control................................................ 40
Line Voltage Sensing.............................................16 Protection Settings and Protection Groups........... 40
5 Control Cubicle ........................................... 19 Changing Protection Settings ............................... 40
Connection between Cubicle and Circuit Breaker .19 Group Copy...................................................................41
Tropical, Moderate and Temperate Versions ........19 Overcurrent Protection.......................................... 41
Equipment Panel ...................................................19 Inverse Time Protection ........................................ 42
Sealing & Condensation ........................................19 Protection Curves .........................................................44
Mounting & Earthing ..............................................20 User Defined Curves.....................................................44
Radio Mounting Tray Space ..................................20 Interactions between curve parameters ........................45
v
U-Series
Definite Time Protection ........................................47 Determination of Supply Outage ........................... 71
Sensitive Earth Fault (SEF) ...................................47 Configuration and Display ..................................... 71
Loss Of Phase Protection ......................................47 Resetting the Counters and Timers ...................... 72
Under and Over Frequency Protection Event Record ........................................................ 72
(CAPM 5 only) .......................................................47 14 Loop Automation ...................................... 75
Frequency Measurement.............................................. 47 15 Generator Control ..................................... 77
Under/Over Frequency Tripping ................................... 47 Operation .............................................................. 77
Normal Frequency Close .............................................. 48
Configuration and Display ..................................... 77
Configuration ................................................................ 49
Live Load Blocking.................................................50
16 Communications Interfaces..................... 79
V23 Interface......................................................... 79
Auto-Reclose .........................................................50
RS232 Interface .................................................... 80
Sequence Reset ....................................................51
P9 Configurable Baud Rate .................................. 80
Lockout Conditions ................................................51
Operation ...................................................................... 80
High Current Lockout................................................... 51
Dead Lockout................................................................ 51 Radio/Modem Power ............................................ 81
Single Shot Mode ..................................................51 Connections Into Electronics Compartment.......... 81
Single Shot Timer ......................................................... 52 17 Input Output Expander Card .................... 83
Inrush Restraint .....................................................52 Field Excitation...................................................... 83
Cold Load Pickup (CLP) ........................................53 IOEX as Local/Remote User ................................. 83
Cold Load Pickup Example........................................... 54 IOEX Status Page ................................................. 83
Cold Load Pickup Status Display.................................. 54 Inputs - Standard Mapping.................................... 84
Operator Control of Cold Load Pickup.......................... 55 Outputs - Standard Mapping ................................. 85
Sequence Control ..................................................55 System Healthy Indicator ...................................... 85
Automatic Protection Group Selection ...................55 Power Consumption.............................................. 85
Enabling Automatic Selection ....................................... 55 Configurable IOEX ................................................ 85
Disabling Automatic Selection ...................................... 55 Scope............................................................................ 86
Selection Rules............................................................. 56 Overview....................................................................... 86
Fail to Operate Under Protection ...........................56 18 Accessories............................................... 87
10 Directional Blocking................................. 57 Test and Training Set (TTS) ................................. 87
Characteristic Angle and Fault Regions ................57 Windows Switchgear Operating System (WSOS) 87
Phase Directional Blocking ....................................57 Electronics Compartment Computer Port (P9) ............. 87
Earth/SEF Directional Blocking..............................58 Telemetry Port (P8) ...................................................... 87
Earth Residual Voltage Balancing .........................59 Outline of Operation...................................................... 88
SEF Residual Voltage Alarm .................................59 Manual Operation Set ........................................... 88
Event Record .........................................................60 Remote Control Panel........................................... 88
Configuration pages...............................................60 Secondary Voltage Injection Interface Set............ 88
Directional Blocking page 1A .................................61 Fast Trip Input Module .......................................... 88
Directional blocking page 2A .................................62 19 Installation ................................................. 89
Directional blocking page 3A .................................62 Unpacking & Checking.......................................... 89
Parameters to be Configured.................................63 Contents of Crate.......................................................... 89
11 Event Log .................................................. 65 Unpacking Procedure ................................................... 89
Display Updating....................................................65 Control Cable Connection............................................. 89
Testing & Configuring ................................................... 90
Protection Generated Events.................................65
Transport to Site ........................................................... 90
Loss of Supply Events ...........................................65
Site Installation...................................................... 91
Typical Event Log Displays....................................66
Tools Required ............................................................. 91
12 Power System Measurements................. 67 Parts Required (Not supplied by the manufacturer) ..... 91
Power System Frequency......................................67 Site Procedure .............................................................. 91
Switchgear Terminal Designation ..........................67 HV Connections............................................................ 92
Power Flow Direction .............................................67 Surge Arrester Mounting and Terminating.................... 92
Real Time Displays ................................................68 Earthing................................................................. 93
Source I/Load X - Phase to Earth Protection of Radio Equipment ..................................... 93
Voltage Displays ....................................................68 IOEX Cabling ................................................................ 94
Source I/Load X - Phase to Phase LV Auxiliary Power from Mains..................................... 94
Voltage Displays ....................................................68 LV Auxiliary Power from Dedicated Utility Transformer 94
Auxiliary Power from Integrated Transformer ............... 94
Terminal Live/Dead Indication ...............................69
Maximum Demand Data Displays .........................69 Transformer Switching .......................................... 95
Monthly Maximum......................................................... 69 20 Maintenance ............................................ 103
Weekly Maximum ......................................................... 69 Circuit Breaker Maintenance............................... 103
Average Demand Data Displays ...........................70 Control Cubicle Maintenance .............................. 103
Average Demand - Default ........................................... 70 Control Cubicle Cleaning ............................................ 103
Average Demand - Configurable .................................. 70 Battery Replacement .................................................. 103
13 Supply Outage Measurement .................. 71 Protection and Operation Check................................. 103
Door Seal.................................................................... 103
vi
Technical Manual
CONTENTS
Battery Care.........................................................103 App F Measurement Pages ......................... 133
Fault Finding .......................................................104 Instantaneous Demand....................................... 133
Control Cable Check ...................................................104 System Measurements ....................................... 133
Circuit Breaker Check .................................................104 Source Side Voltages ......................................... 133
Control Cubicle Check ................................................105 Load Side Voltages............................................. 133
Replacement of Electronic Modules ....................105 Source Side Voltages ......................................... 133
Replacement of Cables .......................................105 Load Side Voltages............................................. 134
Fitting or Replacing Heater .................................105 Supply Outages .................................................. 134
Abnormal Operating Conditions...........................105 Monthly Maximum Demand ................................ 134
Low Power Mode ........................................................105
Weekly Maximum Demand ................................. 134
Excess Close Operations............................................106
Average Demand ................................................ 134
App A IEC255 Inverse Time Prot Tables..... 107
App G List of Events .................................... 135
App B IEEE Inverse Time Prot Tables......... 109
App H Replaceable Parts & Tools............... 139
App C Non-Standard Inv Time Prot Curves 111
App I Control Cubicle Schematics.............. 141
App D System Status Pages ........................ 121
App J Dimensions ........................................ 151
Fault Flags ...........................................................121
Circuit Breaker .................................................... 151
Trip Flags.............................................................121
Centre Mounting Bracket .................................... 151
Pickup Flags ........................................................121
End Mounting Bracket......................................... 152
Operator Settings 1..............................................122
Radio Mounting Space........................................ 152
Operator settings 2 ..............................................122
PTCC .................................................................. 153
Switchgear Status................................................122
Live/Dead Indication ............................................123
App KExternal CVT Optional Accessory.... 155
Phase Voltage and Power Flow...........................123 General Description ............................................ 155
Switchgear Terminal Designation ........................123 Purpose............................................................... 155
Radio and Time Set .............................................123 Integration into Existing System.......................... 155
Switchgear Type and Ratings..............................123 Reference Material.............................................. 155
Switchgear Wear/General Details........................124
Capability .............................................................124
Options 1 .............................................................124
Options 2 .............................................................124
Options 3 .............................................................124
Quick Key Map selection .....................................125
WSOS Port P8 Comms .......................................125
WSOS Port P9 Comms .......................................125
IOEX Status .........................................................125
Generator Control ................................................126
Hit and Run..........................................................126
App E Protection Pages ............................... 127
Protection Setting 1 (A-J).....................................127
Protection Setting 2 (A-J).....................................127
Protection Setting 3 (A-J).....................................127
Protection Setting 4 (A-J).....................................127
Protection Setting 5 (A-J).....................................128
Directional Blocking 1 ..........................................128
Directional Blocking 2 ..........................................128
Directional Blocking 3 ..........................................128
Under/Over Frequency Protection 1 ....................128
Under/Over Frequency Protection 2 ....................129
Phase Protection Trip ..........................................129
Phase Single Shot Protection Trip.......................129
Phase Work Tag Protection Trip..........................129
Earth Protection Trip............................................130
Earth Single Shot Protection Trip ........................130
Earth Work Tag Protection Trip ...........................130
NPS Protection Trip .............................................130
NPS Single Shot Protection Trip..........................131
NPS Work Tag Protection Trip ............................131
vii
U-Series
viii
LIST OF FIGURES
Circuit Breaker Features ................................................................................................................................ 17
Equipment panel ............................................................................................................................................ 22
Control System Block Diagram ...................................................................................................................... 25
Operator Control Panel .................................................................................................................................. 27
Available Quick Key functions ........................................................................................................................ 29
Four main display groups ............................................................................................................................... 31
Measurement Group pages ........................................................................................................................... 31
Protection Group pages ................................................................................................................................. 32
System Status group pages ........................................................................................................................... 32
Time multiplier, effects on the inverse curve .................................................................................................. 42
Additional time, effects on the inverse curve .................................................................................................. 43
Instantaneous, effects on the Inverse curve. ................................................................................................. 43
Maximum time, effects on the inverse curve. ................................................................................................. 43
Minimum time, effects on the inverse curve. .................................................................................................. 44
Threshold element, effects on the inverse curve. .......................................................................................... 44
Protection curve modified by minimum, maximum times and instantaneous element. .................................. 45
Interaction between Instantaneous threshold current and maximum time. .................................................... 45
Co-ordination between fuse and IEC 255 inverse curve using the threshold current multiplier. .................... 46
Composite curve changes due to different settings of threshold current multiplier. ....................................... 46
Over Frequency Detection ............................................................................................................................. 48
Effect of inrush current settings on a protection curve ................................................................................... 53
Cold Load multiplier (CLM) settings applied to protection curves .................................................................. 54
Characteristic angle and fault regions ............................................................................................................ 57
Earth/SEF directional protection .................................................................................................................... 58
Event Log example-Phase to Phase fault ...................................................................................................... 66
Sequence Reset Example .............................................................................................................................. 66
Connecting the control cable (1) .................................................................................................................... 89
Connecting the control cable (2) .................................................................................................................... 90
Disconnecting the control cable ..................................................................................................................... 90
SCEM Compartment ...................................................................................................................................... 91
H V Cable Termination ................................................................................................................................... 93
LV Auxiliary Supply Connection ..................................................................................................................... 94
Circuit Breaker Mounting and Dimensions ..................................................................................................... 96
End Mounting Example .................................................................................................................................. 97
Centre Mounting and Dimensions .................................................................................................................. 98
Centre Mounting Example .............................................................................................................................. 99
Common Earthing and LV Supply ................................................................................................................ 100
Utility Aux Transformer and Integrated External Transformer ...................................................................... 101
Control cubicle - general arrangement ......................................................................................................... 141
Control cubicle - battery loom ...................................................................................................................... 142
Control cubicle - main loom connection ....................................................................................................... 143
Control cubicle - Single integrated aux power supply .................................................................................. 144
Control cubicle - Single LV aux power supply .............................................................................................. 145
Control cubicle - Integrated plus LV aux power supply ................................................................................ 146
Control cubicle - Dual low voltage auxiliary supply -110/240 Volts .............................................................. 147
Control cubicle - Dual LV aux power supply ................................................................................................ 148
Control cubicle - Heater/thermostat connection ........................................................................................... 149
Control cubicle - Control cable service drawing ........................................................................................... 150
Circuit Breaker Dimensions .......................................................................................................................... 151
Centre Mounting Bracket ............................................................................................................................. 151
End Mounting Bracket .................................................................................................................................. 152
Radio mounting space ................................................................................................................................. 152
PTCC bottom view ....................................................................................................................................... 153
PTCC dimensions ........................................................................................................................................ 153
ix
U-Series
x
Introduction
1 Introduction
The U-Series Automatic Circuit Recloser (ACR) is to the recloser using parallel groove clamps or
a state-of-the-art electronically controlled outdoor, cable lugs.
pole mounted, three phase recloser.
Control electronics are housed in a stainless steel
The pole top circuit breaker is one of the control cubicle designed for harsh environmental
manufacturers family of outdoor circuit breakers, conditions. An all-weather user-friendly control
optimised for remote control and automation panel is provided for a local operator.
schemes.
Remote monitoring and control can be provided
Vacuum interrupters are enclosed in epoxy without the addition of a Remote Terminal Unit
mouldings eliminating the need for insulants such (RTU).
as oil and gas. Operation is by magnetic actuator
In this manual, controller events are identified in
which does not rely on the presence of HV supply.
the text by using single quotes. Contents of the
The mechanism is enclosed in a stainless steel
Operator Control Panel display pages are shown
tank
as:
Production models preceding Serial No: 146700
Display Group - Page Title:Text
were constructed with galvanised mild steel tanks.
A pole mounting bracket is supplied which makes The control panel is illustrated in Figure 4
installation quick and easy. Cables are connected (page 27).
Version 28 Version 28 software provides the following new Detection of open circuit conductors.
Features features for the U-Series ACR:
See Section 9 (page 37)
Operator configurable Quick Keys. See
Section 7 (page 27). Alarm and trip options for Loss of Phase
Protection. See Section 9 (page 37)
Hit and Run - provides a time delay between a
local operator control Trip or Close, and when 600 baud option for communications port P8.
the recloser operates. See Section 8 User - configurable DNP mapping.
(page 33).
External Trip Flags - indicates external trips
Negative Phase Sequence (NPS) Protection
caused by the activation of the Fast Trip Input
which allows:
Module (FTIM) or an IOEX input. See Section
Reliable detection of low level phase to 9 (page 37).
phase faults in the presence of load Port P9 Configurable Baud Rate - provides the
current. ability to manually configure the baud rate of
Detection of downed conductors in areas the CAPM serial port designated as P9. See
of high earth resistivity. Section 16 (page 79).
1
U-Series
2
Scope of this Technical Manual
General This Technical Manual details the specification of Inevitably, not all details of equipment are provided
the U-Series Circuit Breaker (Recloser), its nor are instructions for every variation or
operation, installation and maintenance. contingency during installation, operation or
Whilst every care has been taken in preparation of maintenance.
this manual, no responsibility is taken for loss or For additional information on specific problems or
damage incurred by the purchaser or user due to requirements, please contact the manufacturer or
any error or omission in the document. your distributor.
Equipment This manual applies to the following equipment: The model numbers are shown on the equipment
Versions Pole Top Circuit Breaker: Model U27-12
rating plates. If your equipment does not
Covered by Pole Top Control Cubicle - Models:PTCC-
correspond to these numbers then this manual is
this Manual not applicable. Please contact the manufacturer or
TEM, PTCC-MOD, PTCC-TRO
your local distributor.
External CVT (optional acc):Model CVT EXT
27
Controller The Control and Protection Module (CAPM) is When the Operator Control Panel is turned on the
Version explained in "Control & Protection Module" - display will show the controller type. See Section 7
Covered by page 23. (page 27). If it does not show either CAPM 4 or
this Manual Note that this manual applies to both the
CAPM 5 then this manual does not apply and
CAPM 4 and CAPM 5 based controllers. you should contact the manufacturer or your local
distributor for advice on the correct manual
required.
Software The software loaded into the controller has two note down the software version and the
Identification important identifiers: configuration number of your equipment and to
System The Software Version which has the form quote these when making your inquiry. Without
this information it is impossible for the
XXX-XX.XX . This exactly identifies the manufacturers Customer Service to identify the
software loaded into the program memory on software and provide correct support.
the controller.
The software version and the configuration
The Configuration Number which has the form number are both shown on the Operator Control
2XXXX. This identifies the configuration Panel page
loaded into the database that controls what the SYSTEM STATUS-SWITCHGEAR WEAR/GENERAL
software will do. For example, whether the DETAILS
operator text displays are to be in English or
another language. See Section 7 (page 27) to find out how to use the
Operator Control Panel.
Note that in order to change functionality of the
equipment it is sometimes necessary to change A typical example of software version and
the software, sometimes the configuration and configuration would be:
sometimes both.
Software 528-03.00
In order to obtain effective technical support from
the manufacturer or your distributor it is vital to Configuration 21186
Software The electronic controller incorporates a necessary to display the Software Capability list on
Version microprocessor. The microprocessor software can the Operator Control Panel found on :
Covered by be configured for different capabilities such as
SYSTEM STATUS-CAPABILITY
this Manual directional protection, a variety of protocols, etc.
This is called its Software Capability. See Section 7 (page 27) for instructions on using
The software version and configuration determine the Operator Control Panel.
the functionality of the controller. See "Software Having found this page press SELECT and use
Identification System" - page 3 . the arrow keys to view the capability list.
To find out if this manual applies to the software/ This manual applies if the capability declarations in
configuration loaded in the controller it is the screen below are shown.
3
U-Series
The Recloser manual part number is shown on the
- - - - - - - CAPABILITY - - - - - - - S
U Recloser(Intl) Manual U05-151 back cover of this publication.
WSOS P9 Local ManualN00-218R05+
WSOS P8 Remote ManualN00-218R05+ For WSOS manuals, the revision is usually stated
e.g. R02+ which means revision number 2 or later
If not, contact the manufacturer or your distributor. of the manual..
Related Technical Manuals for the following products are Customer Test Procedures - Part No N00-510.
Documents also available: Service Procedures A set of instructions on
Windows Switchgear Operating System how to remove and replace the controller
(WSOS) Used to configure the switchgear electronics.
from a Personal Computer. For further information on these products and
Test and Training Set (TTS) Used to test manuals refer to the manufacturer or your local
control cubicles. distributor.
Specific Telemetry Protocol Implementations -
For communications to remote control
systems.
Year 2000 The CAPM controller complies with Rules 1,2,3 Definition of Year 2000 Conformity Requirements).
Compliance and 4 of the British Standards Institute Year 2000 A copy of this statement can be found on the web
Statement Conformity Requirement (DISC PD2000-1 A site (http://www.nulec.com.au/)
Safety Advice The U-Series product is a reclosing circuit- Consequently a user must use conventional
Concerning breaker, not an isolator. Because it uses vacuum means to prove the load side of the product is
Isolation interrupters the product does not have isolating dead before coming within the safe operating
properties when in the open position. distance from the product.
4
Technical Data
3 Technical Data
This section is the specification of the Recloser. Note that where timing, current, voltage or other
For a complete understanding it is essential to also measurement accuracy is given it is as a
read the other sections of the manual describing percentage of value unless otherwise stated.
the equipment operation.
Circuit Breaker
Basic Timings
Fault Clearing Time on Instantaneous protection for fault > 4 x Setting Currenta. < 70ms
Time to contact part from receipt of trip command by operator, telemetry <150ms
protocol or IOEX
Time to contact touch from receipt of close command by operator, telemetry <150ms
protocol or IOEX
Ratings
5
U-Series
Breaking Duty The duty limits of the circuit breaker are shown in Circuit Breaker is rated for ANSI C37.60 duty
the table below. cycle.Contact wear is automatically calculated for
each interrupter by the control cubicle on the basis
Mechanical operations 10000
of fault current and mechanical operations.
The remaining contact life is shown on the
Contact wear - 630A 10000 operator control panel. See "Contact Life" -
Contact wear - 2kA 1955 page 16 for more detail.
Duty Cycle Maximum allowable duty cycle at full short current Open-2s-Close.
rating: Open-2s-Close.
Open-0.5s-Close. Open followed by 300 second recovery time.
Terminal
Clearance/
Creepage Insulator Material Type Outdoor Cyclo-Aliphatic Epoxy
Resin
Current There is no access to current transformer This data is supplied for information only.
Tranformers connections on the equipment.
Ratio 2000:1
6
Technical Data
Environmental
Control Cubicle
General
Specifications
Standard control cable lengtha 7m
Maximum vertical separation from circuit breaker with standard control cable. 5m
Radio/Modem
A radio or modem may be fitted by the manufacturer or by the utility, for remote communications. Space,
power and data interfaces are provided within the control cubicle.
7
U-Series
Inverse Time
Protection
Inverse Time Curves available Refer Appendix A. B and
C.
a. Current accuracy applies to protection relay function only and excludes accuracy of current transformers.
b. Applies to inverse time and instantaneous protection only.
c. Applies to inverse time protection only.
d. A trip is inhibited when the line current < setting current x threshold multiplier
e. Timing refers to time to initiate operation of circuit breaker (opening and closing times are in addition). See "Inverse
Time Protection" - page 8
8
Technical Data
Definite Time Available as an alternative to inverse time on Setting Current parameters are as for inverse time
Protection phase and earth. protection.
Timing Accuracya 50 ms
a. Timing refers to time to initiate operation of circuit breaker (opening and closing times are in addition). See "Inverse
Time Protection" - page 8
Instantaneous Available as an additional element on inverse time protection can be applied to both phase and earth
Protection or definite time protection or as an alternative protection.
without inverse time or definite time. Instantaneous
a. Current accuracy applies to protection relay function only and excludes accuracy of current transformers.
Sensitive Earth Available as an additional protection element. trips which can occur in a reclose sequence before
Fault Protection Operates as definite time. The number of SEF lockout occurs is user set.
(SEF)
a. Current accuracy applies to protection relay function only and excludes accuracy of current transformers
b. Timing refers to time to initiate operation of circuit breaker (opening and closing times are in addition). See "Inverse
Time Protection" - page 8
9
U-Series
a. Under/Over tripping frequencies and normal frequencies are interlocked by software so that only viable settings are
possible.
10
Technical Data
Accuracy 15%
Auto - Reclose
Reclose Time After Second and Third Trips in Sequence 2 - 180 sec
a. Timing refers to time to initiate operation of circuit breaker (opening and closing times are in addition).
Directional
Blocking
System Phase/Earth Nominal Voltage for correct operation 2 - 15kV
11
U-Series
Minimum Residual Earth Polarising Voltage for Earth blocking to Operatea 20 - 100%
Minimum Residual Earth Polarising Voltage for SEF blocking to Operatea 5 - 100%
Loss of Supply
Detection
Live Terminal Threshold Voltage See "Power System
measurements" -
page 12
Other
Protection
features Fault Reset Timea 50 - 800ms
Voltage Resolution 1V
12
Technical Data
Demand
History
Average Demand Sample Timesa 5, 15, 30 and 60 minutes
Event History
Minimum number of typical events stored in the event history 3,000 events
a. Configurable history can be accessed via WSOS, thus allowing the operator to select sample period and items stored.
This will affect the specified storage times.
Equipment
and Crating
Dimensions Equipment Weights
Part
Dimensions
13
U-Series
Width 960mm
Depth 1020mm
Height 1160mm
14
Construction and Operation
General The circuit breaker uses ganged vacuum Always follow proper safety
Description interrupters insulated with cyclo-aliphatic epoxy procedures. This Recloser is not
resin mouldings operated by a single magnetic suitable for use as a point of
actuator for both tripping and closing. isolation. If work on the electrical
The circuit breaker is closed by an internal system is to be carried out, de-
solenoid which is energised by a capacitor in the energise the recloser and confirm
control cubicle. electrical and mechanical indications.
An external pointer, easily visible on the side of the Any conductors that should be de-energised by
tank, indicates the position of the circuit breaker. the opening of the recloser should be tested and
proved dead prior to opening non rated
Refer to Figure 1 (page 17) for identification of switchgear, or applying earths to the system.
major features.
Circuit Two kinds of mounting bracket are available. One These are shown at Figure 35 (page 98) with
Breaker mounts the circuit breaker centrally on the pole specific installation details provided in "Site
Mounting whilst the other mounts it so the pole is at one end. Installation" - page 91.
The brackets are suitable for both timber and Alternatively, the circuit breaker can be mounted
concrete poles. on a frame in a substation.
Manual Trip On the underside of the tank is the manual trip The manual trip ring will remain in the down
ring. Operating this lever downward with a hook position until physically returned to the normal
stick trips the circuit breaker. This lever should be position by the operator. Whilst in the down
operated positively through the length of its travel. position the circuit breaker is mechanically locked
Electrical and mechanical indications must be open and electronically interlocked against
confirmed. closing.
Line High voltage terminals are 20mm tin plated Standard lugs with 10mm diameter holes. This
Connection/ copper stems with M10 x 1.5 threaded holes at the is generally only suited for cables up to 70sq.
Terminals end, refer to Figure 33 (page 96). mm. These are also available in bi-metallic
versions.
This means that connections can be either: The upper terminals are identified as the X-Side
terminals (X, XX, XXX for the three phases) and
Parallel groove connectors suitable for the the lower terminals are identified as the I-Side
cable type. These are readily available in bi- terminals (I, II, III for the three phases).
metallic versions suitable for connecting to Terminal Markers are clearly visible on the side of
aluminium cables. the tank as shown at Figure 1 (page 17).
Surge Provision of surge arresters is recommended to Surge arrester brackets, which fit to the mounting
Arresters protect the circuit breaker from over-voltage. bracket, can also be provided as an optional extra.
Refer to Figure 35 (page 98).
Control Connection to the control cubicle is by a control The voltage screens are embedded in the I, II
Cubicle cable that plugs into the bottom of the circuit and III side mouldings, refer to Figure 1
Connection breaker. The control cable can be orientated to (page 17).
suit the installation.
Current transformers and voltage screens If the control cable is disconnected (at either end)
embedded in the epoxy resin mouldings send the CT's and voltage screens are automatically
signals to the control electronics which monitors shorted by circuitry on the Switchgear Cable Entry
phase current, earth current and phase/earth Module (SCEM) card mounted inside the tank of
voltages. the circuit breaker.
15
U-Series
Contact Life The vacuum interrupters in the circuit breaker If remaining life reaches zero on any phase the
have the duty rating given in Section 3 (page 5). circuit breaker should be returned to the
The control electronics measures the interrupted manufacturer for refurbishment.
current every time the contacts open. Since the actual breaking current is measured and
This measured current is used to calculate the since most faults are considerably lower than the
amount of contact wear that each interrupter has maximum line fault current, a much longer service
suffered and the contact life remaining is reduced life is to be expected from this method of
accordingly. monitoring wear compared to a simple operations
count method.
The remaining contact life is held in the circuit
breaker memory and can be displayed on the
Operator Control Panel.
Line Voltage The standard U Series ACR senses line voltage To satisfy this requirement, optional Capacitive
Sensing on the I-Side terminals. Voltage Transformers (CVT) may be installed to
provide voltage sensing on the X-Side terminals of
In normal closed operation this enables voltage
the ACR.
measurement, power measurement, directional
blocking and so on. A brief explanation of the external CVT is given in
Appendix K (page 155).
Some automation systems may require voltage
sensing on both sides of the ACR when it is open.
16
Construction and Operation
17
U-Series
18
Control Cubicle
5 Control Cubicle
The control cubicle is purposely designed for maintenance staff. Both the door and the hatch
outdoor pole mounted operation. can be padlocked for security.
It features a hinged hatch for all weather access Figure 54: (page 153) shows the cubicles
by operations staff and a door for access by dimensions.
Connection The circuit breaker is connected to the control compatible ports at both the cubicle and the
between cubicle by the control cable. The cable plugs into underside of the circuit breaker.
Cubicle and
Circuit
Breaker
Tropical, Tropical, moderate and temperate climate temperature rarely goes above 40qC and
Moderate and versions of the control cubicle are available: occasionally goes below -5qC with a lower limit
Temperate The tropical version is well ventilated and is of -15qC.
Versions suitable for climates where the ambient
temperature can reach 50qC and only The temperate version has reduced ventilation
occasionally goes below 0qC, with a lower limit and a heater fitted to the equipment panel. It is
of -10qC. suitable for climates where the ambient
The moderate version has reduced ventilation temperature rarely goes above 40qC but can
and is used in environments where the fall as low as -30qC.
Equipment Inside the cubicle is an equipment panel with the The Control Cable Entry Module provides
Panel following key features. See Figure 2 (page 22) and termination and filtering for the control cable,
Figure 39 (page 141). this is housed behind a removable panel. The
incoming control cable connects to P1 of the
The Mains Compartment houses LV mains CCEM, the internal wiring loom N03-505
transformers (where fitted) and miniature connects to P2 of the CCEM.
circuit breakers for batteries and auxiliary
A Heater for the control cubicle can be fitted.
supply.
Running up the centre of the equipment panel is a
The Electronics Compartment houses the rubber cable duct used to carry the internal wiring.
Control and Protection Module (CAPM) and The equipment panel can be removed by
the Operator Panel Sub-System (OPS). This disconnecting external connections and unbolting.
compartment is sealed to protect the
electronics from airborne pollution. The equipment panel is arranged so the most heat
sensitive components, the batteries, are located
The Battery Compartment houses two 12Volt low down close to the point of air entry. In tropical
batteries. situations this ensures the batteries stay within a
The Radio Mounting Tray is used to mount few degrees of ambient at all times thus
the communications radio, modem or IOEX maximising their life.
(where fitted), see Section 17 (page 83). This Additionally the part which generates the most
hinges down to expose the radio/modem and heat, the mains power supply (where fitted), is
can be detached to allow workshop fitting of located at the top of the cubicle where its heating
the radio/modem. effect on other parts is minimised.
Sealing & All vents are screened against vermin entry and Condensation can be expected to form under
Condensation the door is sealed with replaceable foam tape. some atmospheric conditions such as tropical
Complete sealing against water entry under all storms. However, due to the insulated and well-
conditions is not expected e.g. during operation in vented design, any condensation will be on metal
the rain with the hatch open. Instead, the design is surfaces where it is of no consequence. The water
such that if any water does enter, it will run out of runs out in the same way as any other water
the bottom without affecting the electrical or entering the cubicle. Condensation will run out of
electronic parts. The well-vented and self-heating the bottom and be dried by ventilation and self
nature of the cubicle ensures moisture will dry out heating.
rapidly. The extensive use of stainless steel and The Electronics Compartment, which houses the
other corrosion proof materials ensures the main electronic modules, is well sealed and is only
presence of moisture has no detrimental effects. opened for electronic module replacement.
19
U-Series
WARNING
Mounting & The control cubicle is mounted on the pole using The control cubicle must be earthed to the circuit
Earthing either bolts through the pole or strapping around breaker to complete the recloser earthing scheme as
the pole. It is connected to the circuit breaker by detailed in Section 19 (page 89).
the detachable control cable.
Auxiliary The auxiliary supply is used to maintain charge on an LV Supply. In this case the control cubicle is
Power Source the sealed lead-acid batteries that provide standby fitted with a suitable transformer and its
power when auxiliary power is lost. The controller nameplate indicates the required auxiliary
monitors the status of both the auxiliary and supply voltage.
battery supplies.
HV line supply to a Voltage Transformer (VT)
A low power mode is activated when the batteries
fitted outside the circuit breaker tank. This
are nearly exhausted due to loss of the auxiliary
supply. This mode minimises power consumption external VT is connected into the circuit
while still maintaining basic functionality. See breaker and is called an Integrated HV Supply.
Section 20 (page 103) for more information. In this case the rating plate on the transformer
indicates its voltage rating.
Auxiliary power comes from either:
LV supplies provided by the utility. This Section 19 (page 89) gives details of auxiliary
connects into the control cubicle and is called supply connection and earthing.
Auxiliary The control cubicle can be manufactured in a AUX SUPPLY INTEGRATED for integrated
Supply number of different auxiliary supply configurations HV supply, with external VT supplied by the
Control such as: manufacturer.
Cubicle Supply from an external 110V or 240V AC
The Miniature Circuit Breakers (MCB) at the top of
Options source.
the control cubicle in the mains compartment
Supply from an external voltage transformer protect the battery (centre MCB) and the auxiliary
supplied by the manufacturer. supplies.
Dual 110/240V AC supply from an external
source. When equipped for Integrated HV Supply the Aux
Dual supply from an external 110/240V AC MCB should always be closed during operation or
source and external voltage transformer testing even if the auxiliary supply transformer is
supplied by the manufacturer. not energised. This ensures correct operation of
the memory in the circuit breaker.
Appendix I (page 141) includes the wiring
diagrams detailing the connection of auxiliary For a single LV supply an AUX OUT socket can be
power supplies. The configuration is indicated on factory fitted as an option to provide a power outlet
the control cubicle name plate as: in the control cubicle. This is shown in Figure 2
AUX SUPPLY 240VAC (or other voltage) for (page 22). For dual supplies two AUX supply
LV supply, or MCBs are fitted, one for each supply.
Cable Entry All cables enter the control cubicle from the One or two LV mains supplies (where fitted)
underside as shown in Figure 2 (page 22). Cable which run behind the equipment panel. The
entries are provided for: two 20mm holes provided for cable entry can
The control cable from the recloser that plugs also be used for external I/O entry if required.
into connector P1 at the bottom of the battery Communication Cable/Radio Antenna (where
compartment. fitted), a 16mm hole is provided for cable entry.
Current A six way connector called the Current Injection perform secondary injection while the circuit
Injection Point Point is located on the mains compartment. This breaker is connected. This allows injection of
is used with the Test and Training Set (TTS) to equipment in service without disconnection.
20
Control Cubicle
Computer Port A 25 way female D-type connector is located on on a portable computer. This port is also used to
the electronics compartment cover above the upgrade electronic controller operating software,
Operator Control Panel. It connects to an RS232 including installation of new telemetry protocols.
port on the electronic controller for use with WSOS
21
U-Series
22
Control Electronics Operation
Control & The main module of control electronics is the Charging of the close and trip capacitors.
Protection Control and Protection Module (CAPM). Discharging the close and trip capacitors into
Module The circuit breaker accompanying this manual the magnetic actuator to operate the circuit
uses either module version 4 (CAPM 4) or module breaker, either automatically or by local or
Version 5 (CAPM 5). It is centred around a remote operator command.
microprocessor and carries out the following Charging of the battery from the auxiliary
functions: supply, changeover to battery on loss of
auxiliary supply and disconnection when the
High speed sampling of the line Current
battery is exhausted.
Transformers (CTs), calculation of RMS phase
Driving the Operator Panel Sub-system (OPS).
current and earth spill current.
Driving the external communications interface
High speed sampling of the line Capacitive
to allow monitoring and control from a remote
Voltage Transformers (CVTs), calculation of
computer or operator over a communications
RMS phase/earth voltages.
link.
Calculation of apparent, real and reactive
Driving WSOS over an RS232 link. The
power flows from the above. connector for this link is located on the
Protection relay functions. electronics compartment above the operator
Auto-reclose relay functions. control panel.
Monitoring of circuit breaker auxiliary switches. The CAPM is a replaceable unit.
Operator This comprises the electronics compartment a membrane keyboard and its controlling
Panel cover, an operator control panel with LCD display, microcomputer.
Subsystem The OPS a replaceable unit.
(OPS)
Control Cable This is located at the bottom of the battery The CCEM is a replaceable unit.
Entry Module compartment and provides termination and
(CCEM) filtering for the signals from the circuit breaker.
CAPM The CAPM utilises a Motorola 68332 The status of the data is then displayed on the
Operation microprocessor, with non-volatile Flash operator panel.
EEPROM and 1Mbyte of volatile read/write static
When a local operator presses buttons on the
memory.
control panel a character is sent from the Operator
Non-volatile Flash memory is used to hold Panel Subsystem to the CAPM, which then carries
programs, configuration parameters and out the required command.
historical data.
The Recloser operates when the CAPM
CAPM 4 has 2 Mbytes of Flash memory.
discharges its trip or close capacitors into the
CAPM 5 has 4 Mbytes of Flash memory.
circuit breaker actuator. The CAPM continually
Volatile memory is used as run time monitors the capacitors and will only discharge
workspace. them into the recloser solenoids if the charge is
There are no user-adjustable hardware features sufficient for correct recloser operation. In
on the CAPM, no links, no DIL switches and no addition, the CAPM will only close the circuit
variable resistors. Re-programming of the breaker if there is sufficient charge in the trip
microprocessor can be carried out using a built-in capacitor to trip the circuit breaker. This ensures
loader from a portable computer. the circuit breaker will always be ready to trip if
closed onto a fault.
On power-up, or when the circuit breaker is
connected, the CAPM reads the data from the If a trip or close request occurs when there is
memory inside the circuit breaker. The memory insufficient charge in the capacitors it is
data in the circuit breaker includes error check discarded (this never happens in normal
codes enabling the CAPM to validate the data. operation).
23
U-Series
The CAPM will not attempt to operate the The circuit breaker is disconnected.
Recloser and any control requests will be
The circuit breaker memory data cannot be
discarded if any of the following conditions exist.
read or is invalid.
Also see "Organisation of Liquid Crystal Display" -
page 28. Current transformers and voltage screens in the
The isolate switches on the operator panel are circuit breaker are monitored to provide the
in the isolate position. protection and measurement functions.
Normal The circuit breaker, control electronics and power telemetry protocol or as an output on the optional
Operations supplies are monitored for correct operation. This IOEX (Input/Output Expander) module. This can
data is used to generate a system healthy signal be used for remotely monitoring the health of the
which is available either for transmission by a circuit breaker.
24
Control Electronics Operation
25
U-Series
26
Operator Control Panel
2 Close key Generates a Close request to the CAPM when the panel is active.
A red LED is embedded in the key. The LED is lit when the
recloser is closed.
3 Isolate/Enable Isolates the Close key. When the switch is in the Isolate position
Close switch the close coils in the magnetic actuator are disconnected from the
control electronics. Thus the switch provides a physical isolation
point for the control circuitry. The recloser cannot be closed and
an audible alarm in the panel will sound. The Close key operates
normally when the switch is in the Enable position.
4 Isolate/Enable Trip Isolates the Trip key. When the switch is in the Isolate position
switch the trip coils in the magnetic actuator are disconnected from the
control electronics. Thus the switch provides a physical isolation
point for the control circuitry. The recloser cannot be opened and
an audible alarm in the panel will sound. The Trip key operates
normally when the switch is in the Enable position.
5 Trip key Generates a Trip request to the CAPM when the panel is active.
A green LED is embedded in the key. The LED is lit when the
recloser is open.
6 Panel ON/OFF key The PANEL ON/OFF key turns the panel on and off.
27
U-Series
The LED flashes at all times, even when the panel is turned off.
9 Enter key Activates selected Quick key setting, and restores original
display.
Organisation The four-line LCD display is typically structured as The data fields are used differently on each
of Liquid shown below. display page. Display pages with this format are
Crystal shown in Figure 6 (page 31).
Display - - - - - - PAGE TITLE - - - - - -
Data Field 1 Data Field 2 Some special display pages are different, these
Data Field 3 Data Field 4 are shown in the relevant sections in this manual.
Data Field 5 Data Field 6 See Appendix D (page 121) and Appendix E
(page 127).
Turning on the The PANEL ON/OFF key turns the panel on and If the time and date has not been set since the last
Control Panel off. When off, the display is blank and none of the restart then the operator must set it, by using the
keys work. The panel will turn itself off if no keys SELECT, and pressing the MENU key twice
are pressed for ten minutes. before other displays can be selected.
Selecting The MENU key selects the display group. The Changes can be made to existing program
Displays keys select pages within the group, this is settings using either of two operator controlled
shown in Figure 6 (page 31). methods at the control panel.
Therefore to select a particular display page: The MENU, SELECT, LEFT ARROW and
RIGHT ARROW keys facilitate manual
1. Press the MENU key to get the desired navigation within the operator panel display pages.
group on display. The QUICK KEYS are interface keys that facilitate
2. Press to get the page or sub-group the rapid changing of operator settings.
required.
3. Press SELECT to get to the sub-page
required, where necessary
28
Operator Control Panel
Using the All settings can be changed by the following 2. Press SELECT until the required setting
MENU, procedure: starts to flash.
SELECT and 3. Press keys to change the setting to the
ARROW Keys 1. Find the page on which the setting is shown new value required. Press MENU or ENTER to
as described in "Selecting Displays" - page 28. put the new setting into service.
Display Groups
Many different displays are available and are
divided into four main groups described below.
See Figure 6 (page 31).
System Status Contains all status information about the recloser Information on this display group is given in
and control electronics e.g. battery low, operations Appendix D (page 121).
count, SEF enabled/disabled. All System Status displays have the capital letter
S in the top right corner. See Figure 9 (page 32).
Event Log Shows the event record for the recloser. See Figure 6 (page 31).
More information is given in Section 11 (page 65)
and in Appendix G (page 135).
Measurement Contains all information about the HV line See Section 12 (page 67) and Appendix F (page
measurements made e.g. line current, line 133). All Measurement displays have the capital
voltages, maximum demand data. letter M in the top right corner. See Figure 7
(page 31).
Protection Contains all the protection settings currently in use All Protection displays have the capital letter P in
e.g. Trip Current Settings, curves, reclose times. the top right corner. See Figure 8 (page 32).
More information is given in Figure 9 (page 37)
and Appendix E (page 127).
Configurable Quick Keys provide the capability for the operator A set of stickers is available from the manufacturer
Quick Keys to quickly access commonly used settings from that includes the wording for each of the available
any screen. functions.
Quick Keys are configurable and can be selected
by the operator using the OCPM or WSOS The operator can apply the sticker as required to
Listed in the following table are the operator match the selected functionality of the Quick Key.
functions that can be programmed to individual See Appendix H (page 139) for the sticker part
Quick Keys. numbers. .
ACO On/Off
Earth Protection
29
U-Series
Reset Flags
Quick Key The Quick Keys can be configured at Pressing the ARROW keys will scroll the operator
Selection SYSTEM STATUS - Quick Key Selection
through the available functions. See Figure 5
(page 29).
The following screen is displayed:
Press MENU or ENTER when the required
- - - - QUICK KEY SELECTION- - - - S function is displayed.
Operation of the A Quick Key may be pressed at any time and will Pressing the ENTER key activates the newly
Quick Key display the relevant page, with the selected field selected setting and immediately restores the
flashing: original display.1
Pressing the Quick Key will continue to cycle Whenever a quick key is in use the and
the flashing field through the options available. SELECT keys are disabled and pressing the
HELP key displays a special message which
details Quick Key operation.
Password Some settings require passwords to be entered Once this is done the password does not need to
Protection before they can be changed. If a password be entered again while the operator panel is on.
protected field is selected for change the user is However, when the operator panel turns OFF the
prompted for the password. A password (which password will need to be re-entered for further
can be up to five characters in length) is entered in setting changes.
the following way:
The default factory password is <CAPM> but it
1. The keys are pressed until the first can be changed by the user with the Windows
character of the password is displayed. Switchgear Operator System (WSOS) utility. The
2. SELECT key is then pressed. factory password does not have to be
3. This sequence is repeated until the required remembered - the controller prompts the operator
number of characters has been entered. for it automatically.
Languages The OCP language can be changed by selecting2 English (International and USA).
Spanish.
SYSTEM STATUS - OPTIONS 1: Language
Portuguese.
The following languages are available:
1. A particular option may not be available to the operator if it has been disabled on the SYSTEM STATUS-OPTIONS page
2. The changing of the language does not generate an event in the Event Log.
30
Operator Control Panel
Main Display
Groups
Measurement
Group
31
U-Series
Protection
Group
System Status
Group
32
Work Tags and Controller Mode
Definition of There are three kinds of local user: An IOEX card designated as Remote. This
Local or might apply, for example to an IOEX card used
Remote User The Operator Control Panel. to interface to a SCADA system remote
terminal unit. See Section 17 (page 83).
An IOEX card designated as Local. This
might apply, for example, to an IOEX card A SCADA control protocol. These are always
used in a substation to provide control from a designated as remote users. Full information is
panel inside a building. given in the relevant protocol manual.
Remote Panel - this panel provides the
A WSOS computer plugged into the computer
capability to access a maximum of five
port on the front of the user control panel. See
reclosers from one location.
Section 18 (page 87).
A WSOS computer plugged into the telemetry
There are four kinds of remote user: port. See Section 18 (page 87).
Local/Remote/ The Local/Remote/Hit and Run selection is carried Local/Remote/Hit and Run switch on the front
Hit and Run out on panel.
Mode SYSTEM STATUS - OPERATOR SETTINGS 1
Local/Remote/Hit and Run does not affect
There is a quick key on the panel to make this fast automatic reclosing.
and easy. Setting this mode ensures closing and
tagging can only be carried out by the designated Most importantly the Local/Remote mode can only
local or remote users. It is the equivalent of a be set from the Operator Control Panel.
Local Mode In this mode only a local user can manually close This means a user can go to the control cubicle,
the circuit breaker (it can still close automatically set local control mode and know that remote
with the auto-reclose function). closing is disabled.
Remote Mode In this mode only a remote user can manually If the local operator is denied a close operation or
close the circuit breaker (the circuit breaker can a Work Tag due to being in Remote Mode then the
still close automatically with the Auto-Reclose operator panel will flash the message.
function). Not Allowed Change to Local Control and/or remove
Work Tag
Only a remote operator can apply/remove the
Work Tag when the controller is in Remote Mode.
Hit and Run The Hit and Run feature provides a time delay Hit and Run is made available via WSOS only.
between a local operator control TRIP or CLOSE When Hit and Run is Available it is configured at
request and when the ACR operates.
SYSTEM STATUS - Hit and Run
This feature is particularly useful in a Substation
because it allows the operator to avoid potential When Hit and Run has been configured it can be
hazards when the recloser operates. turned on at the LOCAL/Remote field at
There is no change to the operation of the ACR SYSTEM STATUS - OPERATOR SETTINGS 1:Hit and Run
when Hit and Run is turned OFF. ON
33
U-Series
The following tables show the Hit and Run screen
and the field descriptions
Field Description
When Hit and Run is turned ON the operator has When the operator presses TRIP or CLOSE the
30 seconds to press either TRIP or CLOSE, following screen will be displayed and the
otherwise the setting will revert to the setting prior countdown will begin:
to turning Hit and Run ON.
- - - - - Hit and Run Countdown - - S
This will also occur when: TRIP will occur in 120 sec
The panel is turned OFF.
Press the SELECT key to abort
The countdown period is complete.
The Hit and Run request is aborted by using
the SELECT key. The panel will beep every two seconds Hit and
Run is on. The beeping will become more rapid
When Hit and Run is turned ON the following
during the final ten seconds to action.
screen is displayed: :
Work Tagging Applying the Work Tag ensures that closing If a trip occurs whilst the Work Tag is applied then
cannot take place at all, either by a local operator, an event is logged to identify the Work Tag mode.
a remote operator or automatically. Once applied, Appendix G (page 135)
neither a local user, remote user or the Auto- Work Tags are applied and removed from
Reclose function can close the recloser.
SYSTEM STATUS - SWITCHGEAR STATUS: Work Tag
Work Tag mode is activated when Work Tag is OFF
applied irrespective of Auto Reclose mode status,
When applied the operator panel flashes the
and is deactivated when the Work Tag is removed.
message
It is not possible for the operator to close the circuit Warning Work Tag Applied
breaker whilst in Work Tag mode.
Only a local user can apply/remove the tag when
If the Work Tag is deactivated whilst Auto Reclose the controller is in Local Mode and only a remote
is ON then the Auto Reclose mode will be entered user can apply/remove the tag when the controller
immediately. is in Remote Mode. This means that a local user
can remove the Work Tag applied by a remote
The Single Shot timer does not apply to Work Tag user but they must first put the controller into Local
mode. Mode. If the local operator is denied a close
34
Work Tags and Controller Mode
operation due to the Work Tag being applied the
operator panel will flash the message
Not Allowed Change to Local Control and/or remove
Work Tag
Work Tag Work Tag Protection settings are used to provide - PHASE WORK TAG PROTECTION TRIP - A P
Inv IEC255 Time Multiplier 1.00
Mode an appropriate protection curve when the Work
No Instantaneous Minimum 0.00s
Protection Tag has been applied. Additional 0.00s
Settings There are separate protection pages for Phase
Work Tag Protection, Earth Work Tag Protection
and NPS Work Tag Protection. Each page is - EARTH WORK TAG PROTECTION TRIP - A P
similar to the normal protection trip pages. Inv IEC255 Time Multiplier 1.00
No Instantaneous SEF Definite 5.0s
Minimum 0.00s Additional 0.00s
- NPS WORK TAG PROTECTION TRIP - A P
Inv IEC255 Time Multiplier 1.00
No Instantaneous
Minimum 0.00s Additional 0.00s
Appendix E (page 127) details all the fields for the
Work Tag Phase, NPS and Earth protection
settings.
35
U-Series
36
Protection
9 Protection
Overview The controller has many different protection This trip/close sequence can be repeated a
features described in this section. In summary it number of times with protection elements
operates as follows. programmed to change between each trip in the
sequence.
When there is a line fault the circuit breaker is
tripped. The Protection Elements that may activate If the fault cannot be cleared the controller goes to
are: lockout and waits for an operator to initiate the
Earth Fault (E/F) next close. There are a variety of ways the
controller can be made to go to lockout without
Sensitive Earth Fault (SEF)
completing the whole reclose sequence.
Overcurrent Protection
The controller can store up to ten groups of
Loss of Phase (LOP) Protection
operator selected protection settings. These are
Under and Over Frequency Protection Protection Groups A to J. Once programmed the
Negative Phase Sequence Protection (NPS) protection settings rarely change.
Each individual element can be programmed to In addition to the protection settings there are
cause the trip depending on the relevant setting. Operator Settings. This group of settings is
After a protection trip there will be a delay and then independent of the protection settings and it
a reclose. changes the main functionality of the recloser.
Trip Flags
Trip Flag This is the first System Status page to appear The counter beside the Earth Fault (E/F) element
Display Page when the panel is turned on. shows that at some time previously there has
been a single occurrence of an E/F trip. In this
The display identifies each protection element that
case any instantaneous indication for E/F would
may cause a trip and next to it a box.
have reset when the circuit breaker tripped on O/C
If that particular element caused the most recent protection.
protection trip then it will be filled in like this .
The counter next to the status indicator shows the
The following display is a typical example of this number of times each protection element has
page which indicates the most recent trip was caused a trip. Each counter has a range of 00 to
99 (cannot count past 99).
- - - - - - - TRIP FLAGS - - - - - - - - s
O/C 03 AB I LOP 00 Ext 00 Some elements display the letters A, B, C to
E/F 01 FRQ 00 identify the phase.
SEF 00 NPS 00 OPS 0001
Some elements also display the letter I to
identify instantaneous trips.
caused by an Instantaneous Overcurrent (O/C)
The possible field values are shown below. 1
fault between phases A and B. There has been a
total of three such events.
TRIP FLAGS S
37
U-Series
Field Description
O/C Phase Overcurrent The letters to the right of the O/C field identifies the phase or phases
faulted The letter I will also be displayed for instantaneous trip.
E/F Earth Fault The letter I will also be displayed for instantaneous trip.
SEF Sensitive Earth Fault This field is still displayed when SEF is unavailable.
LOP Loss of Phase The phase or phases lost are indicated by the letter/s to the right of the
field.
FRQ Frequency Faulta Indicates both under and over frequency conditions.
NPS Negative Phase The letter I will also be displayed for instantaneous trip.
Sequence Overcurrent
Ext External Trip External trip sources. A trip caused by the activation of a FTIM or an
IOEX protection trip input.
OPS Operations Counter The OPS field indicates the total number of close operations
performed by the switchgear.
Resetting The Trip Flags will be reset by: Pressing the SELECT key twice consecutively
theTrip Flags Any operator close, including remote control within a ten second period whilst the Trip Flags
commands. screen is displayed.
Start of a new sequence. On the first press of the SELECT key the following
The Trip Flags and counters will be reset by: display advises the operator what to do next.
Pressing a Quick Key configured as Reset - - - - - - RESET TRIP FLAGS - - - - - S
Flags twice within a ten second period. Press the key again to reset the
Turning Protection OFF, however the flags and flags. Press the menu key to cancel.
counters will not appear until Protection is
turned ON.
1. The Earth Fault, Sensitive Earth Fault and Protection OFF settings may be unavailable to the operator if they have been
made unavailable at {SYSTEM STATUS -Options 1}.
2. Operator settings are not affected by changing the Active Protection Group. For example: if Auto Reclose is in force before
the Active Group is changed from A to B then Auto Reclose will also be in force after the change.
38
Protection
Protection This command turns all the Protection Features Pressing the SELECT key twice within a ten
OFF and OFF and the circuit breaker will only trip or close in second period whilst the Pickup screen is
Pickup Flags response to a manual operation.1 displayed.
Protection OFF must be Allowed at The following display is an example of the Pickup
Flag screen indicating an Under Frequency
SYSTEM STATUS-OPTIONS 1: Prot OFF Allowed/Not condition with Protection OFF
Allowed
- - - - - - - PICKUP FLAGS - - - - - - - s
before Protection can be turned OFF. O/C 03 AB I LOP 00
E/F 01 FRQ 01
A Protection OFF event is generated and logged SEF 00 NPS 00 OPS 0001
whenever the protection is turned off.
When configured as:
On the first press of the SELECT key the following
SYSTEM STATUS - OPERATOR SETTINGS 1:Protection display advises the operator what to do next.-
OFF
RESET PICKUP FLAGS
The controller still logs all pickups and
Press the key again to reset the
maximum currents and sets the Pickup Flags2. flags. Press the menu key to cancel.
The circuit breaker will not automatically trip on
protection and trip events are not logged.
If a Loss of Phase (LOP) event occurs, the
It is possible to configure the controller so the
circuit breaker will not trip but the LOP, A, B or Protection Off state cannot be reached. This is
C Pickup Flags are set. set using the
If either an Under/Over Frequency condition is SYSTEM STATUS - OPTIONS 1:Prot OFF Not Allowed
detected, the circuit breaker will not trip but the
setting. In this case the operator cannot select the
Frequency Pickup Flag is set.
Protection OFF state, only the active protection
If a NPS event occurs, the circuit breaker will groups. Selecting
not trip but the Pickup Flag will register.
SYSTEM STATUS - OPTIONS 1:Prot OFF Not Allowed
The Pickup Flags and counters will be reset by:
also has the effect of turning the protection ON if it
Pressing a Quick Key configured as Reset is not already ON.Protection is normally switched
Flags twice within a ten second period. from OFF to ON by selecting either Auto Reclose
Turning Protection OFF. ON or Auto Reclose OFF.
Sensitive Sensitive Earth Fault (SEF) protection can be setting. When not available SEF is turned off and
Earth Fault made either available or not available with the there are no facilities for the operator to turn it on.
Control SYSTEM STATUS - OPTIONS 1:SEF Available/Not
Available
Negative Negative Phase Sequence (NPS) Protection is a transmitted to a SCADA system via a
Phase protection feature that allows the detection of: communications protocol.
Sequence Low-level phase-phase faults in the presence
Protection NPS Protection operates as an overcurrent
of load current.
element in addition to the phase, earth and SEF
Downed conductors in areas of high earth
overcurrent protection elements.
resistivity.
Open-circuited conductors. NPS Protection shares some common settings
NPS Protection can be configured to trip the with phase, earth and SEF overcurrent protection
recloser, or operate a local alarm via IOEX or elements.
1. The Protection OFF command resides in the same field as the Auto Reclose ON or Auto Reclose OFF.
2. External Trips are not shown on the Pickup Flag display.
39
U-Series
NPS NPS current is a derived current calculated For example, if the Switchgear Terminal
Protection mathematically from the three line currents. NPS Designation is A-B-C with clockwise phase
Operation currents are zero when line currents are balanced. rotation, it should be changed to A-C-B. This can
When line currents are not balanced (because of be done using the OCP or the Phase
load imbalances, or an open-circuit conductor, or a Configuration selector on the WSOS Status page.
phase-phase fault) NPS current is non-zero.
NPS OFF can be set to either Allowed or Not
In practice there is usually some amount of NPS Allowed and is a password protected feature at:
current on a healthy network because of imperfect
load balance. NPS Protection distinguishes SYSTEM STATUS - OPTIONS 1:NPS OFF Allowed/Not
Allowed
between normal NPS current and NPS currents
due to faults by considering NPS current
NPS protection can be turned ON or OFF at:
magnitude and duration. Consequently NPS
Protection has pickup and time settings in the SYSTEM STATUS - OPERATOR SETTINGS 1:NPS OFF/
same fashion as those provided for phase and ON/NPS Prot Alarm
earth overcurrent protection.
NPS Protection can be configured from the
The NPS current is calculated in real time using Operator Panel at
the formula:
PROTECTION SETTING 2 A-J
i2 =(ia + ib phase shifted 120 + ic phase shifted
by 240 ) / 3
or using WSOS.
The calculated NPS current is fed to the protection
algorithms in the same manner as the phase, When NPS protection trips the ACR, the trip and
earth and SEF currents. the maximum NPS currents are recorded in the
Event Log.
The NPS algorithms assume anticlockwise phase
rotation.If the network has clockwise phase When NPS Prot Alarm is set the recloser will not
rotation it is necessary to change the Switchgear trip when NPS current is exceeded, a local alarm
Terminal Designation to match the network phase is activated. This may be seen via the Event log,
rotation. WSOS, or via a suitably configured IOEX output.
Earth Fault It is also possible to disable control over Earth setting. When Earth Fault OFF is set to Not
Control Fault protection with the Allowed, operator control of Earth Fault protection
is disabled (and Earth Fault protection is
SYSTEM STATUS - OPTIONS 1:EF OFF Allowed/Not
Allowed
permanently ON). This can be used in conjunction
with the SEF Available setting to restrict operator
control to SEF only.
Protection Protection settings are usually set once by the The number of protection sets (A-J) available to
Settings and protection engineer and are not altered unless the operator may also be configured using the
Protection system conditions change. Windows Switchgear Operating System (WSOS)
Groups A Protection Group is a group of protection program.
settings that defines the protection functionality of
Whenever a new Protection Group is activated or
the circuit breaker.
a protection trip occurs, an event is written to the
The CAPM 4 and CAPM 5 controllers support up Event Log indicating which Protection Group is
to ten completely independent Protection Groups. now in operation. The event logged is for example
These groups are referred to as Protection Groups Prot Group A Active; Prot Group F Active; etc.
A to J.
At the Operator Control Panel, the operator All the protection parameters are programmed and
selects either Group A, B, C, or J to be Active stored independently for each of the groups. For
from example, if the Sequence Reset Time is required
to be 20 seconds in both A and B groups, then it
SYSTEM STATUS - OPERATOR SETTINGS 1:Prot must be explicitly set to 20 seconds in both groups
A...J Active of protection settings.
Changing All protection parameters and operator settings carried out either through the operator panel or
Protection are held in non-volatile memory on the CAPM. through WSOS.
Settings This ensures they are retained through power The ten groups of protection settings are
interruptions. However, if a different CAPM is programmed on the protection pages. Passwords
installed in a control cubicle, or if the control are required to make changes.
cubicle is replaced, then the protection parameters Protection Groups should not be changed whilst a
need to be re-programmed into the CAPM. This is protection sequence is in progress.
40
Protection
When programming protection settings, the the internal database in the controller and go into
technician first selects which protection group of service when:
parameters to display on
The operator moves off the protection group of
PROTECTION SETTING 1 (A.....J): Group A....J pages.
Displayed
The operator turns off the control panel.
This group can then be changed. Selecting a The control panel turns itself off after the
protection group to be displayed does not make it timeout period.
active, that is done by the operator in:
The controller is powered off and on again.
SYSTEM STATUS-OPERATOR SETTINGS 1;Prot A...J
Active This allows the operator to edit the active group
and then put the new settings into service as a
Because one protection group can be active and whole. The operator is informed when the
another protection group can be displayed (in the changes are going into service.
protection pages), care must be taken or
confusion will result. However, the title line of the When the active group is being edited, the page
display always shows which protection group is title flashes to indicate the settings being worked
currently being displayed by showing an A, B on are different to the ones in service.
or J suffix, such as: Changes can also be made by remote operators
PROTECTION SETTING 3 E
using WSOS. If a WSOS operator changes
settings, the local operator will see the page title
The operator can change either the active group flash to indicate changes are pending. When any
or the inactive group. When changes are made to user puts their changes into service all pending
the active group they do not go into service changes, including those made by other users, go
immediately. Instead the changes are saved into into service.
Group Copy Group Copy is available to facilitate the setting of Selecting the field allows the operator to scroll
several protection groups which all have the same through the available copy options as shown at
or similar settings. It is possible to copy from the Appendix E (page 127).
displayed protection group to any of the groups
available on the CAPM including the active Note: The # symbol indicates which of the
group1. Protection Groups (A to J) is currently being
displayed by CAPM.
This feature is accessed through the protection
group at: Changes to protection groups are put into service
as for any other changes to the active protection
PROTECTION SETTING 1 (Copy OFF) group.
Overcurrent The CAPM continually samples the current flowing Definite Time is a protection function that can
Protection in the secondaries of the current transformers. be set by the user and it causes a trip at a fixed
These samples are digitally processed by the time after pickup. In the case of Definite Time
CAPM to monitor line current for the purposes of the timing sequence starts immediately after
overcurrent protection. The phase currents are pickup.
summed digitally to give the earth current for the Inverse time is a protection function in which
purpose of earth fault protection, and NPS current the curve has an inverse time characteristic.
for NPS protection. Digital filtering algorithms are See "Inverse Time Protection" - page 42.
applied to line currents to minimise transient over-
Instantaneous Protection is an additional trip
reach.
element that will trip the recloser if the line
The three current transformer currents are also current exceeds the Instantaneous Multiplier
summed as analogue signals to give the earth (or multiplied by the setting current.
spill) current. These are sampled and digitally
In the case of Inverse Time and Instantaneous
processed for the purposes of Sensitive Earth
Protection the timing sequence initiates when the
Fault (SEF) protection. A low pass filter on the spill
signal exceeds the Threshold Current. The
current reduces sensitivity to harmonics above 60
Threshold Current is calculated from the setting
Hz, reducing SEF sensitivity to transformer in-rush
current and Threshold Multiplier. See "Interactions
and other harmonic interference.
between curve parameters" - page 45. If the
If any of these signals (Phase, Earth, NPS or SEF) current falls below the threshold current, the time
exceed the relevant Setting Current (Phase, to trip freezes and will recommence if the current
Earth, NPS or SEF) then the relay Picks Up. rises back above the threshold current. If the
Definite Time, Inverse Time and Instantaneous current falls to below 90% of the setting current for
Protection are used to trip the circuit breaker after longer than the Fault Reset Time, the protection
pickup: will reset.
1. It is not possible to replicate an existing group to itself i.e.; Protection Group B cannot be copied and saved as Protection
Group B".
41
U-Series
The setting currents are set once for all trips in a To do this, three separate protection setting pages
sequence but other protection parameters (e.g. for each trip in a sequence are provided. Phase,
inverse curve type, multipliers and Reclose times) Earth and NPS Protection each have a dedicated
are set separately for each trip in a reclose page. These pages are shown in Appendix E
sequence. This allows, for example, (page 127). The operation of the different
Instantaneous Protection on the first trip in a protection types is detailed below.
sequence and inverse time protection on
subsequent trips in the sequence.
Inverse Time A variety of inverse time curves are available trip at currents below the Threshold Current
Protection which cause the circuit breaker to trip faster as the under inverse time protection.
current rises higher. They are available on phase, The parameters that control inverse time
NPS and earth with separate setting currents. protection are:
Inverse time curves are implemented in software Inverse Curve Type.
in the following way: Setting Current.
Time Multiplier.
The current is always monitored.
Additional Time.
When it rises above the Threshold Current, the Instantaneous Trip Element.
Time To Trip is calculated and the timing
Minimum Time.
starts. This calculation is repeated every few
milliseconds in response to changing line Maximum Time.
currents. Threshold Multiplier.
42
Protection
.
43
U-Series
Protection In total there are 48 inverse protection curves 3 Standard IEEE Std C37.112 curves are
Curves stored in the controllers non-volatile memory. defined in Appendix B (page 109).
42 non-standard Curves are defined in
The available curves are defined in the following Appendix C (page 111).
Appendices:
Any one of the 48 curves can be selected for the
3 Standard IEC255 curves are defined in phase, NPS and earth protection trips 1 to 4,
Appendix A (page 107). Single Shot and Work Tag trips.
User Defined Up to 5 (five) User Defined Curves may also be If no User Defined Curves have been defined,
Curves selected in the same way as a Protection Curve. or previously defined curves have been
User Defined Curves are configured using the
deleted, then the text display will show
Windows Switchgear Operating System. PHASE PROTECTION TRIP NUMBER 1 A:User Curves
Not Set
1. Only one instance of this text will be displayed even though there are potentially five curves available.
44
Protection
45
U-Series
a. When instantaneous only protection parameters are selected, Minimum Time To Trip and the Threshold multipliers apply
but the Additional and Maximum times to trip do not.
46
Protection
Definite Time This is available on phase and earth protection as NPS, inrush and cold load), as well as the
Protection an alternative to inverse time Protection. Definite Minimum, Additional and Maximum times do not
Time trips the circuit breaker at a fixed time after apply.
pickup. The Threshold Multipliers (phase, earth,
Sensitive Sensitive Earth Fault (SEF) can be set up to be E/F ON, SEF OFF - Earth Fault on and SEF
Earth Fault either available or not available and is a password off.
(SEF) protected feature located in:
E/F ON, SEF ON - Earth Fault on and SEF on.
SYSTEM STATUS-OPTIONS 1:SEF Available
E/F OFF will not be available if E/F OFF is set to
This allows the engineer to ensure that SEF Not Allowed. SEF operates as an additional
cannot be turned on at inappropriate locations. definite time element. The Threshold Current
If SEF is available then the operator can turn it on Multipliers, and Minimum, Additional, Maximum
and off from Times do not apply.See "Earth Fault Control" -
page 40.
SYSTEM STATUS-OPERATOR SETTINGS 1
SEF will cause the circuit breaker to trip when the
without a password, by cycling between the
earth current rises above the SEF trip current
following three settings:
setting for longer than the SEF definite time
E/F OFF, SEF OFF - Earth Fault off and SEF setting. The SEF definite time setting can be set
off. differently for each trip in a reclose sequence.
Loss Of Phase Loss Of Phase (LOP) protection will immediately alarm is registered in the Event Log, via a
Protection trip the circuit breaker and set lockout if phase/ SCADA protocol or via an IOEX output.
earth voltage on one or two phases falls below a Loss Of Phase protection can be configured:
user defined Loss Of Phase voltage threshold for
longer than a user defined Loss Of Phase time. PROTECTION SETTING 4 ( A...J):Loss Phase Prot ON/
OFF/Alm
LOP Protection can be set as follows:
In addition, LOP protection will cause a circuit
LOP Off - No action will occur on LOP. breaker on a de-energised feeder to trip and
lockout after the Loss of Phase time should only
LOP On - LOP Protection is active and the one or two phases be re-energised.
ACR will trip if LOP is detected.
When LOP protection trips the recloser the phase
LOP Alarm - LOP Protection is active, but the or phases which caused the trip will be logged in
ACR will not trip if LOP is detected. Instead an the event record.
Frequency Frequency is measured using successive zero The frequency value is updated every 0.5 seconds
Measurement crossings of the I Terminal Phase to Earth and averaged over 2.0 seconds. The displayed
voltage. The voltage signal is first passed through value is the measured frequency and is valid
a Low Pass Filter to remove harmonics. whenever the voltage on the I Terminal is above
or equal to the Low Voltage Inhibit Threshold
The measured frequency is displayed on the (LVIT).
Measurement Pages. See Appendix F (page 133). When the voltage of the I Terminal is below the
LVIT the display will show Freq Unavailable like
A typical measurement display looks like this:
this
Under/Over When the measured frequency equals or exceeds generated and a Trip Delay Counter (TDC) is
Frequency the under or over frequency trip threshold an started.
Tripping Under or Over Frequency Pickup event is The Trip Delay Counter is reset and an Under or
Over Frequency Reset event is generated each
47
U-Series
time the measured frequency equals or goes specified number of cycles, the TDC counts out
below the threshold plus the dead band for any and an Under or Over Frequency Trip event is
period of time. The Frequency dead band is used generated and a Trip Request is issued.
to prevent a frequency value that is fluctuating Figure 20 (page 48) shows the method of Tripping
around the threshold from causing excessive and Normal Frequency Closing for Over
pickup/reset events. Frequency. The same method applies to Under
If the frequency remains equal to or greater than Frequency only mirrored about the Nominal
the Under or Over Frequency Threshold for the frequency axis.
Time
Close at this time
Frequency
If the Normal Frequency Close function is Auto-Reclose does NOT occur after an Under or
switched OFF a Lockout event is generated after Over Frequency Trip.
the trip and the Operator Settings Display shows a
Lockout Status.
Normal The Normal Frequency Close function closes the Whilst waiting for the frequency to return to
Frequency ACR automatically after an Under or Over normal, a special title will be flashing on the top
Close Frequency trip when the frequency has returned to line of the operator display:
normal. For this function to work, the source side
must be connected to the I Terminal. ACR will auto-reclose when frequency normal
48
Protection
Normal Frequency Close is turned OFF. Low Voltage Inhibit Threshold setting is
changed.
Under Frequency Normal setting is changed.
The Operator Settings page will display Lockout
Over Frequency Normal setting is changed.
and the special titles will be removed if any of the
Normal Frequency Close setting is changed. above occur.
Configuration This section details the Under / Over Frequency Configuration Page One
configuration pages on the Operator Control panel The default settings for this page are displayed
display. They are displayed on below :
PROTECTION-UNDER/OVER FREQUENCY
PROTECTION - - - UNDER/OVERFREQUENCYPROTECTION 1 - P
U/F Trip OFF O/FTrip OFF
within the Protection display group. U/F Trip at 49.0Hz after 4cycles
O/F Trip at 52.0Hz after 50cycles
Two configuration pages are available within the
group.
The following table explains each of the above
settings:
Field Explanation
U / F Trip ON/OFF This field allows the Under Frequency protection to be enabled (ON) or
disabled (OFF).
Under Frequency tripping will not occur whilst set to OFF.
U / F Trip at 49.0Hz The frequency value at and below which an Under Frequency Pickup will
occur.
After 4 cycles The number of continuous cycles at and below the Under Frequency
Threshold required before an Under Frequency Trip will occur.
Maximum 1000 Minimum 2
O / F Trip ON/OFF This field allows the Over Frequency protection to be enabled (ON) or
disabled (OFF).
Over Frequency tripping will not occur whilst set to OFF.
O / F Trip at 52.0Hz The frequency value at and above which an Over Frequency Pickup will
occur.
After 50 cycles The number of continuous cycles at and above the Over Frequency
Threshold required before an Over Frequency Trip will occur.
Maximum 1000 Minimum 2
Field Explanation
U / F Normal 49.5Hz The frequency at or above which the Frequency is deemed to be Normal.
Maximum 65Hz Minimum 45Hz
O / F Normal 50.5Hz The frequency at or below which the Frequency is deemed to be Normal.
Maximum 65Hz Minimum 45Hz
Low V Inhibit The voltage at or below which the Under / Over Frequency protection will be
disabled.
Maximum 23KV Minimum 4KV
Normal Freq Close ON/OFF This field controls the use of the Normal Frequency Close feature.
49
U-Series
Field Explanation
After 60 secs The time that the source voltage must have returned to normal before auto
closing takes place.
Maximum 1000 Minimum 1 seconds
All protection trips in a sequence (including SEF) When the circuit breaker is open and the
increment a Protection Trip Counter (PTC) which protection is in lockout it shows lockout". When
causes the protection to go to lockout once the the circuit breaker is closed by an operator the
total protection trips to lockout value is reached. display blanks to show that lockout is cleared. This
SEF trips anywhere in a sequence increment a display is very useful when performing current
different counter which causes the protection to go injection testing.
50
Protection
Sequence A Sequence Reset Timer is used to reset the timer at zero. The timer restarts when the fault has
Reset reclose sequence counters to zero so the next been cleared. The sequence reset timer expires
fault starts again at Trip 1. It starts timing when the when it reaches the user set sequence reset time.
circuit breaker is closed automatically. This means A Sequence Reset event is then logged.
the sequence reset time usually starts at the end
The Sequence Reset Time (also known as
of the reclose time after an Auto-Reclose.
Reclaim Time) is set on:
However, if the fault is still present the protection
will pick-up again and hold the sequence reset PROTECTION SETTING 2 (A...J):Seq Reset Time 30s
Lockout Lockout is set by any kind of manual trip, either by When the NPS trip number reaches the preset
Conditions using the TRIP button on the operator control number of NPS trips in Auto-Reclose Mode.
panel, the mechanical trip lever on the side of the
circuit breaker or by remote operator trip. When High Current Lockout has occurred. See
"High Current Lockout" - page 51. .
Lockout will also occur after the following events:
After a trip, when the controller is in Single Loss of Phase protection trip.
Shot mode. See "Single Shot Mode" -
Under/Over Frequency1 protection trip. See
page 51. .
"Normal Frequency Close" - page 48. .
After a trip, if the Work Tag is applied.
When the protection trip counter reaches the After a trip when controller is in low power
preset number of trips in Auto-Reclose Mode. mode and capacitors cannot recharge in
acceptable time.
When the SEF trip number reaches the preset
number of SEF trips in Auto-Reclose Mode. Mechanism failed in an open position.
High Current If a trip occurs and the measured maximum fault and only applies during the preset
Lockout current exceeds the High Current Lockout
PROTECTION SETTING 4 (A...J):Activation Trip 1
setting, the controller goes directly to lockout and
will not reclose. A High Current Lockout will only or one of the subsequent trips in a sequence.
occur when the setting is equal to, or higher than,
the Phase Pickup Current. High Current Lockout can occur when Single Shot
Mode is active or when closing onto a fault by an
High Current Lockout is enabled on: operator. In both of these situations the controller
PROTECTION SETTING 4 (A...J):High Current Lockout
would have gone to lockout anyway without high
OFF/ON current lockout being triggered. The difference is
that if High Current Lockout was triggered an
event will be recorded in the event log as extra
information for fault analysis.
Dead Lockout This protection function may be selected via: When Dead Lockout is ON the circuit breaker will
not re-close unless one or more of the source side
SYSTEM STATUS-OPTIONS 2:Dead Lockout ON/OFF
or load side terminals are live. If all the terminals
are dead then the controller goes to lockout.
Single Shot Single Shot Mode is used to provide an Auto-Reclose is turned back on,
Mode appropriate protection curve when non-reclosing Work Tag is not active, and the Single Shot
operation is required, for example, when closing Timer expires without a protection pickup
onto a fault. occurring (see below).
In Single Shot Mode the controller goes directly to When Single Shot Mode is active, it is displayed in
lockout after one trip and will not Auto-Reclose. SYSTEM STATUS-OPERATOR SETTINGS 1:Single Shot
Active
Single Shot Mode is activated when:
Auto-Reclose is turned off, and Work Tag is The Earth, NPS and Phase Single Shot
not applied. Protection trip settings can be selected individually
via separate protection pages. Each page is
The circuit breaker is closed by operator similar to the normal protection trip page.
command irrespective of the state of Auto-
Reclose. When Single Shot Mode is active the values set
on the relevant Earth/Phase/NPS protection page
Single Shot Mode is de-activated when: are used.
1. This is a CAPM 5 feature only
51
U-Series
When Single Shot Mode de-activates, protection Group and the type of Protection trip. The Single
reverts to the fully programmed sequence.1 Shot reset time is set at:
A trip in Single Shot Mode generates a single PROTECTION SETTING 2 (A...J)
shot event, preceded by the Active Protection
Single Shot This timer starts when the circuit breaker closes If a protection pickup occurs whilst timing, the
Timer and runs for the preset number of seconds. timer is reset to zero and held there while pickup is
active. A protection reset will restart the timer
PROTECTION SETTING 2 (A...J):SS Reset Time 1s provided it has not already timed out.
When set to zero, auto-reclosing will always be
This may be disabled by setting the Single Shot
enabled while the operator command:
reset time to zero.
SYSTEM STATUS-OPERATOR SETTINGS 1:Auto-
Single Shot remains active while the timer is Reclose ON
counting i.e.; a protection trip will result in a lockout is set. This means that Single Shot Mode does not
without reclosing. The time to trip setting may be activate after an operator or automation close
longer than the Single Shot Reset Time. command.
Inrush When closing onto a typical load there is always a When the load current at a later time becomes
Restraint short lived inrush current caused by, for example, non-zero (either through the circuit breaker being
transformer magnetisation currents, low closed or some upstream or downstream device
resistance lamp filaments and motors starting. The being closed) the Inrush Restraint is activated
purpose of Inrush Restraint is to prevent the circuit and the Inrush Multiplier is used in place of the
breaker from tripping when inrush current occurs. Threshold Current Multiplier for the required time.
Inrush restraint works by raising the phase, earth When cold load protection is turned on the
and NPS Threshold Currents for a short period of multiplier used for inrush will always be the higher
time to allow the inrush to flow. The inrush time of the Inrush Multiplier and the Cold Load
and multiplier settings are specified on: Multiplier.
PROTECTION SETTING 5 (A...J) Inrush Restraint affects Phase, earth and NPS
protection, but does not apply to Definite Time or
Typical values would be 200ms with a multiplier of SEF.
5.
If normal currents are expected to drop below 2.5A
Inrush Restraint is armed for operation whenever
then Inrush Restraint cannot be used. In this case
the load current goes to zero (zero current is
Inrush Restraint should be turned off.
defined as all three phase currents less than 2.5
Amp). For example, when the load is dropped Inrush Restraint parameters are set on:
either by the circuit breaker itself, or by an
upstream or downstream circuit breaker. PROTECTION SETTING 5 (A...J)
1. The circuit breaker can be closed or Auto-Reclose can be turned on/off by a number of sources (from the Control Panel, by a
telemetry command, by WSOS command or by IOEX command). Single Shot is activated/de-activated irrespective of the source
of the control.
52
Protection
Cold Load When a typical load has been without supply for a hold the load without tripping. It works by timing
Pickup (CLP) period of time (hours) it loses its diversity. the loss of supply to the load and then raising the
When power is restored the load is higher than threshold current accordingly.
usual because all the heater, refrigerator or air The user specifies a multiplier and a time. The
conditioner thermostats have turned on. The controller detects when load current is zero (see
longer the period without supply the greater the Inrush Restraint) and starts a timer called the
loss of diversity and the higher the load current Operational Cold Load Time. Using this timer, an
when supply is restored. Operational Cold Load Multiplier is calculated
The purpose of the Cold Load Pickup feature is to using the following formula:
allow for this loss of diversity automatically and
The Operational Cold Load Multiplier is used to currents also revert to their values. Note that the
modify the phase, earth, and NPS Threshold rate of increase and decrease of threshold
Current Multipliers. currents is the same.
Therefore the phase, earth, and NPS protection In this way, lost load diversity is automatically
thresholds will increase at a rate specified by the compensated for. It doesn't matter where the
customer when the load is turned off but only up current was turned off (e.g. at the substation or at
to the User Set Cold Load Multiplier. The controller the recloser) the compensation will still work.
calculates the new thresholds every minute. The User Set Cold Load Time and the User
For example, if the User Set Cold Load Time is 2 Set Cold Load Multiplier are set on:
hours, the User Set Cold Load Multiplier is x2 and PROTECTION SETTING 5 (A...J)
the current has been off for 1 hour, then the
The Operational Cold Load Multiplier will not
Operational Cold Load Time is 1 hour.
Consequently the phase, earth, and NPS go above the user set Cold Load Multiplier or
thresholds are increased to equal the Operational below the user set thresholds on:
Cold Load Multiplier of 1.5. PROTECTION SETTING 1 (A...J)
Once load current is restored the Operational Cold On power up the load is assumed to be
Load Timer starts to count down. This means that diverse, i.e. the Operational Cold Load Time is
the Operational Cold Load Multiplier reverts to 1 zeroed and Cold Load IDLE will be
and hence the phase, earth, and NPS threshold displayed.
53
U-Series
Cold Load affects phase, earth, and NPS High Current Lockout and Definite Time
protection thresholds including instantaneous settings are not affected.
but not SEF. Cold Load Pickup cannot be used if normal
currents are expected to drop below 2.5A and
should be turned off.
Cold Load
Pickup Example
The figure opposite is an example of the Cold
Load settings applied to an inverse curve. In this
example, the Threshold Current Multiplier is set
to x1.1, the Instantaneous Multiplier is set to
x1.75, the Cold Load Multiplier is set to x2 and
the Cold Load time is set to 2 hours.
Part A indicates how the Current Multiplier will
vary according to the length of time the line
current is turned off and then restored.
Part B indicates the original protection curve.
Part C indicates the protection curve that is
constructed for use when the line current is first
restored and the Current Multiplier corresponds
to 2 times the setting current. Note that in this
case an Instantaneous Trip will not occur until the
line current exceeds 2 times the setting current.
Part D indicates the protection curve that is
constructed for use when the line current has
been restored for 1 hour. This corresponds to a
Current Multiplier of 1.5 times the setting
current. Note that an Instantaneous Trip will
now occur at the set value of 1.75 times the
setting current. After the power has been
restored for 1.8 hours the Cold Load
Multiplier will revert back to the original
Threshold Multiplier settings and the protection
curve will be as in Part B.
Cold Load The operational status of the cold load pickup is because the load current is on and the
Pickup Status shown in: Operational Cold Load Time is zero. This is the
Display normal condition.
SYSTEM STATUS-OPERATOR SETTINGS 2:Cold Load
Cold Load NO CHANGE.
This can show the following states:
Cold Load MAX.
Cold Load OFF: Cold load pickup has been
configured OFF in the currently active CLP 60min X1.5mult (for example). The
protection group, no operator control of Cold display shows the Operational Cold Load Time
Load Pickup is possible. and Multiplier. This affects the protection
Cold Load IDLE: Cold Load Pickup is thresholds. In this example the Operational
configured ON but Cold Load Pickup is not Cold Load Time is 60mins and the Multiplier is
affecting the thresholds. This is probably 1.5.
54
Protection
Operator When Cold Load Pickup is configured ON at the Set the Operational Cold Load Time and
Control of Cold currently active protection group it can be further Multiplier to a desired value. Note that the
Load Pickup controlled by using SELECT, and the keys. Operational Cold Load Time will then increase
or decrease depending on whether the load
SELECT, and the keys enable the following: current is OFF or ON.
Zero the Operational Cold Load Time. Note
that if the load current is off the Operational
Cold Load Time will start to increase.
Sequence Sequence control causes the circuit breaker to settings and will now trip. This situation would
Control step to the next count in the reclose sequence on result in unnecessary loss of supply to the load
reset of all protection elements whether or not the connected to the first recloser.
circuit breaker tripped. The sequence will only
advance if Auto Reclose is on and the Single Shot This problem is overcome by setting Sequence
Timer has timed out. control on in the circuit breaker nearest to the
primary substation. When Sequence control is on,
Consider a situation where there are two circuit the circuit breaker steps onto the next stage in the
breakers in a feeder. Both are programmed for protection trip sequence after it has seen a fault
fast tripping on the first trip and slow tripping on the whether it tripped or not. In this way an upstream
second trip in order to co-ordinate with fuses on circuit breaker will keep its sequence co-ordinated
with a downstream circuit breaker. If the fault is
the spur lines. Suppose there is a fault
cleared the trip count will reset back to zero after
downstream of the second circuit breaker which is
the sequence reset time in the normal way.
big enough to be picked up by the first circuit
breaker as well. The circuit breaker closest to the The SEF counter is also coordinated with the
fault trips, steps onto the second set of protection downstream circuit breaker and will increment if its
settings which is a slow trip and then recloses. If element has picked up.
the fault has not been cleared the circuit breaker
nearest to the substation is still on its fast trip
Automatic Sometimes a circuit breaker is used at a location of protection settings to compensate for a change
Protection in a supply network where the power flow can be in power flow when changing the network
Group in either direction depending on the configuration configuration. Emergency switching configurations
Selection of the rest of the network. may require more than one pair of Protection
Groups.
One example of this is a network tie point where
the operator may have to select a different group
Enabling Automatic Protection Group Selection (APGS) APGS is then enabled by selecting:
Automatic allows the appropriate Protection Group to be SYSTEM STATUS-OPERATOR SETTINGS 1:Protection
Selection selected automatically without the need for Auto
operator intervention. It works by automatically
The operator display will indicate the currently
changing between Protection Groups depending
active set by displaying::
on the direction of power flow.
SYSTEM STATUS-OPERATOR SETTINGS 1:Auto A to
J Active
APGS is made available by setting:
SYSTEM STATUS-OPTIONS 3:APGS Allowed On power down, the controller saves the current
status of Protection Auto and uses that status to
Either the Primary or Alternate Group required determine the active Protection Group on power
is selected. up.
55
U-Series
Selection Rules When the APGS feature is enabled, the active When the power flow is in the negative
Protection Group is automatically selected in direction (load to source) Alternate Protection
accordance with the following rules: Group B, D, F, H or J is used.
There may be a maximum of five pairs of
For APGS to generate a change, from Primary
APGS Protection Groups: A&B, C&D, E&F,
G&H and I&J. Each pair comprises a Primary to Alternate Protection Group, the power flow
Protection Group and Alternate Protection must be greater than 50kW in the negative
Group respectively. direction (load to source) for longer than the
The number of APGS pairs depends on how period set on
many protection sets are selected to be SYSTEM STATUS-OPTIONS 3:Auto Change Time 60s
available. Where an odd number of Protection
Groups have been selected the last group To revert to the Primary Protection Group the
does not participate in APGS. Protection Auto power flow must be greater than 50 kW in the
can not be selected if this last group is active. positive direction (source to load) for longer
When the power flow is in the positive than the period set on
direction (source to load) Primary Protection
Group A, C, E, G or I is used. SYSTEM STATUS-OPTIONS 3:APGS Not Allowed
Fail to Operate If the circuit breaker fails to trip under protection, a pickup/protection trip sequence occurs the circuit
Under mechanism fail will be logged in the event record breaker will then attempt another trip.
Protection and no further trip attempts will occur until all the If the recloser fails to Auto Reclose then the relay
protection elements have reset. When the next goes to lockout.
56
Directional Blocking
10 Directional Blocking
Directional blocking is an optional protection tripping by blocking faults in the source direction
feature that restricts tripping on faults to a and only responding to faults in the load direction.
designated side of the circuit breaker. If this option Directional blocking can also be used in simple
is not available on your controller, contact your interconnected systems such as a tie line. In this
distributor. case a mid-point ACR is set to trip in one direction
only, allowing improved coordination with the
Radial systems use Directional Blocking to circuit breakers at each end of the tie.
prevent nuisance tripping if particular network Directional blocking is not suitable where the
conditions are causing false earth faults. In this coordination of multiple devices within an
case directional blocking can prevent nuisance interconnected network is required.
Characteristic The phasor diagram below shows power flow from on the designated SOURCE side of the circuit
Angle and Source to Load with time rotating clockwise. breaker when the fault voltage and current are in
Fault Regions A characteristic angle of zero sets the forward fault phase1. This is explained in more detail in the
region to be on the designated LOAD side of the sections below.
circuit breaker and the reverse fault region to be
The user sets the characteristic angle to define the Network characteristic angles are set separately
forward and reverse fault regions for the network for Phase and Earth faults. Tripping/Blocking
and then determines in which region the protection directions are set separately for Phase, Earth and
is going to trip or block. SEF Protection. See "Parameters to be
Configured" - page 63 for details of setting up
directional blocking.
Phase When a phase overcurrent protection picks up, the the circuit breaker. The characteristic angle is set
Directional controller measures the total power flow through using the
Blocking the ACR (i.e. the power flow into the fault) and
Directional Blocking 2: Phase Characteristic Angle 45 Deg
from the direction of the power flow determines the
direction of the fault.
parameter.
Therefore setting the characteristic angle to match
the fault characteristic angle (e.g. 45 deg) ensures The characteristic angle of the fault is determined
that the fault forward direction is on the load side of by the network characteristics (line resistance and
1. SOURCE and LOAD terminals are designated at time of installation.
57
U-Series
reactance) and the fault characteristics (such as timing. This results in a minimum time of 30
the nature of the short-circuit, solid or arcing). milliseconds for directional protection. Of course
For typical medium voltage distribution networks only the fastest trips are affected by this minimum
the Phase Characteristic Angle will be time.
approximately 45 deg to 85 deg.1
The controller needs a polarising voltage of at
If directional blocking is selected for the faulted least 500V phase/earth on the faulted phases to
direction, then the protection is blocked and no trip determine the direction of the fault. If there is a
takes place. If tripping is enabled then the trip bolted phase fault on the terminals of the ACR
takes place as normal. there may not be sufficient voltage. In this case
The direction is selected on: whether the trip is blocked or armed is determined
by
Directional Blocking 1: Phase Trip Fwd
Directional Blocking 1: Low V Block ON
This parameter can be set for forward tripping,
reverse tripping or both forward and reverse Setting Low V Block ON will block trips for low
tripping (i.e. non-directional). voltages, setting Low V Block OFF will trip for
Determining the direction requires 30 milliseconds faults in either direction irrespective of the direction
and takes place concurrently with the protection if the voltage is low.
Earth/SEF Earth and SEF protection operate in a similar The voltage on the A-phase is reduced and the
Directional manner to phase directional protection, except that residual voltage phasor is as shown. The current
Blocking the fault direction is determined using earth current in the A-phase is increased and the residual
and residual earth voltage Vo (this is the phasor phasor (earth current) is as shown.2
sum of the three line/earth voltages).
Consider the phasor diagrams in Figure 24: (page
58) for a earthed neutral system with a single
resistive phase to earth fault on the A-phase.
The characteristic angle of the earth fault is -135 deg to +135 deg for systems with solidly
determined by the network characteristics (line or resistively earthed neutrals.
resistance and reactance, neutral earthing
arrangement) and the fault characteristics (such -90 deg for systems with unearthed neutrals.
as the nature of the short-circuit - solid or arcing,
fault impedance and earth resistance). The Earth and SEF elements can be
independently set to trip for faults in the forward or
For typical medium voltage distribution networks reverse direction or in both directions on:
the Earth Characteristic Angle will be
approximately:3 Directional Blocking 1
1. It is important to determine the actual phase characteristic angle for the network and set this parameter accordingly.
2. The characteristic angle of this hypothetical fault is 180 degrees, that is the current is 180 degrees out of phase with
voltage. Therefore if this situation applied for single phase earthed faults in the network the earth characteristic angle
would be set for -180 degrees using the {Directional Blocking 2: Earth Characteristic Angle -180 Deg} parameter.
3. It is important to determine the actual earth fault characteristic angle for the network and set this parameter accordingly.
58
Directional Blocking
For earth fault protection the direction is down to a residual earth voltage of:SEFof the
determined in 30 milliseconds provided the Directional Blocking 3:Min SEF Vo 5%
polarising residual earth voltage is at least:
nominal line/earth voltage.
Directional Blocking 3: Min Earth Vo 20%
SEF trips will not be shorter than the 0.5 seconds
of the nominal line/earth voltage. A bolted terminal taken to determine SEF direction.
earth fault will completely collapse the line/earth
voltage on that phase and so cause the residual Earth trips will not be delayed by the time taken to
earth voltage to be the full system line/earth determine the SEF direction.
voltage.
For both Earth and SEF protection, if the residual
For SEF protection the fault is likely to be of a high earth voltage is too low to determine fault direction
impedance and the residual earth voltage may be then the trip is either blocked or armed depending
much lower, particularly in earthed neutral on the corresponding setting of:
networks. For SEF protection the controller takes
500ms to determine the direction and will operate Directional Blocking 1: Low Vo Block ON
Earth Residual Earth residual voltage is measured from the lower level faults than would otherwise be
Voltage instantaneous sum of all three phase voltages. possible. Balancing is disabled by setting:
Balancing Even in unfaulted networks this voltage is not likely
Directional Blocking 3:Vo Balancing Disabled
to be zero because the three phase voltages are
not going to be perfectly balanced.
It is expected that Residual Voltage Balancing is
This could lead to problems in high impedance not used on unearthed networks.
fault conditions. The residual voltage due the earth When balancing is enabled the residual voltage is
fault might be dominated by the out of balance continually balanced at the rate of 0.6% of phase/
phase voltages and this might lead to incorrect earth voltage per second. Balancing is paused
determination of direction. when any of the following conditions occur:
To overcome this, automatic phase balancing is A fault is picked up.
provided2. This feature continually balances the The SCEM data is not valid.
phase voltages under normal conditions and
compensates for imbalance between the three The circuit breaker is open.
voltage measurements. When balancing is Any of the bushings are dead.
enabled by setting.
When balancing is enabled the display shows Vo
Directional Blocking 3:Vo Balancing Enabled Balancing while the system is continually
adjusting for balance, and Vo Balance Paused
compensation for phase imbalances of up to 20% when the balancing is suspended for one of the
of the line/earth voltage will be applied. This allows reasons above. When balancing is disabled the
correct determination of the direction of much display shows Vo Balance Disabled.
SEF Residual The directional blocking facility includes detection time and is cleared when Vo falls below the
Voltage Alarm of high residual voltage (Vo) above the threshold again.
Directional Blocking 3:Min SEF Vo 5%
The alarm status is displayed on the operator
setting whether SEF protection has picked up or control panel page
not. This is called the Residual Voltage alarm. Directional Blocking 3:High Vo Alarm ON/OFF
59
U-Series
Event Record When the controller first resolves the fault direction In the case of an earth or SEF pickup an event is
an armed or blocked event is logged in the event logged to record the value of Vo at the time of the
record. The controller then continues to resolve maximum earth current.
the direction for the duration of the fault. Each time The Directional Blocking events are listed in the
the direction changes another event is written. For table below. These events only occur when
all protection elements that pickup a separate Directional Blocking is ON.
event is written. The fault current maximum events
are recorded in the normal way when the
protection resets.
Earth Dir Arm An earth protection pickup occurs and tripping is enabled in the
faulted direction. The trip takes place as normal.
Earth Dir Block An earth protection pickup occurs but tripping is blocked in the faulted
direction. The recloser does not trip.
Earth Low Vo Arm An earth protection pickup occurs and tripping is enabled because the
residual voltage (Vo) is less than the user-specified level and Low Vo
blocking is OFF. The trip takes place as normal.
Earth Low Vo Block An earth protection pickup occurs and tripping is blocked because the
residual voltage (Vo) is less than the user-specified level and Low Vo
blocking is ON. The circuit breaker does not trip.
Phase Dir Arm A phase overcurrent pickup occurs and tripping is enabled in the
faulted direction. The trip takes place as normal.
Phase Dir Block A phase overcurrent pickup occurs but tripping is blocked in the
faulted direction. The circuit breaker does not trip.
Phase Low V Arm A phase protection pickup occurs and tripping is enabled because the
voltage on all three phases (V) is less than 500 V and Low V blocking
is OFF. The trip takes place as normal.
Phase Low V Block A phase protection pickup occurs and tripping is blocked because the
voltage on all three phases (V) is less than 500 V and Low V blocking
is ON. The circuit breaker does not trip.
SEF Dir Arm A SEF pickup occurs and tripping is enabled in the faulted direction.
The trip takes place as normal.
SEF Dir Block A SEF pickup occurs but tripping is blocked in the faulted direction.
The circuit breaker does not trip.
SEF Low Vo Arm A SEF protection pickup occurs and tripping is enabled because the
residual voltage (Vo) is less than the user-specified level and Low Vo
blocking is OFF. The trip takes place as normal.
SEF Low Vo Block A SEF protection pickup occurs and tripping is blocked because the
residual voltage (Vo) is less than the user-specified level and Low Vo
blocking is ON. The circuit breaker does not trip.
Vo 99999V This event is generated to record the value of the residual voltage
(Vo) at the time of the maximum earth or SEF current.
Configuration This section shows each of the three Directional must be set or the Directional Blocking page will
pages Blocking configuration pages on the Operator not be available.
Control Panel display. These pages are in the The top line of the display is the page title and the
Protection Settings Display Group following letter P to the right indicates that these pages are
found in the Protection Display Group. The next
Protection Setting 5 (A-J)
three lines are the data on display.
Note that
SYSTEM STATUS-OPTIONS 2:DIRB Available
60
Directional Blocking
Directional This page has the general format: The letter P at the right of the display page
Blocking page heading indicates that the page is in the Protection
- - - - - DIRECTIONAL BLOCKING 1A - - - P
1A Phase: Trip Fwd&Rev Low V Block OFF
Settings Display Group.
Earth: Trip Fwd&Rev Low V Block OFF The actual contents of the data rows and the field
SEF : Trip Fwd&Rev Low V Block OFF
descriptions are shown in the following tables.1
DIRECTIONAL BLOCKING 1A P
Field Explanation
Phase: Trip Fwd Controls the tripping direction for Phase protection.
Phase: Trip Rev Default is Phase: Trip Fwd&Rev
Phase: Trip Fwd&Rev
SEF: Trip Fwd Controls the tripping direction for SEF protection.
SEF: Trip Rev Default is SEF: Trip Fwd&Rev
SEF: Trip Fwd&Rev
Phase: Low V Block OFF This field determines the action that will occur when the
Phase: Low V Block ON polarising phase/earth voltage is below 500V. When set
to Low V Block ON all phase overcurrent trips will be
blocked if the line-earth voltage is below 500 V on all
three phases. If Low V Block OFF is set then the phase
overcurrent faults will trip irrespective of direction if the
line-earth voltage on all three phases is below 500 V.
Default is Phase: Low V Block OFF
Earth: Low Vo Block OFF This field determines the action that will occur when the
Earth: Low Vo Block ON polarising residual voltage Vo voltage is less than the
user-set minimum Vo. When set to Low Vo Block ON all
Earth overcurrent trips will be blocked if the residual
voltage is less than the user-set minimum Vo. If Low Vo
Block OFF is set then the Earth overcurrent faults will trip
irrespective of direction if the residual voltage is less than
the user-set minimum.
Default is Earth: Low Vo Block OFF
SEF: Low Vo Block OFF This field determines the action that will occur when the
SEF: Low Vo Block ON polarising residual voltage Vo voltage is less than the
user-set minimum Vo. When set to Low Vo Block ON all
SEF overcurrent trips will be blocked if the residual
voltage is less than the user-set minimum Vo. If Low Vo
Block OFF is set then the SEF overcurrent faults will trip
irrespective of direction if the residual voltage is less than
the user-set minimum.
Default is SEF: Low Vo Block OFF
1. The P and D indications in the following tables do not appear on the display. D indicates Display Only (cannot be
changed); P indicates Password Protected (can be changed only by password holder).
61
U-Series
- - - - - DIRECTIONAL BLOCKING 2A - - - -P
Directional This page has the general format: Phase Characteristic Angle 45 Deg
blocking page The description of the fields shown in the display
Earth Characteristic Angle -180 Deg
2A page 2A are shown below. Both fields are
Password Protected.
Field Explanation
Phase Characteristic Angle 45 Deg Sets the characteristic angle for phase trip blocking.
Default is 45 deg
Earth Characteristic Angle -180 Deg Sets the characteristic angle for earth trip blocking.
Default is -180 deg
- - - - - DIRECTIONAL BLOCKING 3A - - - P
Directional This page has the general format: Nom P/E volts 6.3kV Vo Balance DISABLED
blocking page The actual contents of the data rows and the
Min Earth Vo 20%
High Vo DISABLED
Min SEF Vo 5%
High Vo Alarm OFF
3A field descriptions are shown in the following
tables .
DIRECTIONAL BLOCKING 3A P
Field Explanationa
Nom P-E Volts 6.3kV Sets the nominal system phase to earth voltage. This is
used to calculate the Vo % thresholds.
Default is 6.3kV
Vo Balance ENABLED Shows the status of the residual voltage dynamic
Vo Balance DISABLED balancing process, and allows the operator to enable or
Vo Balance Paused disable residual voltage balancing.
Vo Balancing Vo Balance Disabled means that balancing is OFF.
Vo Balance Paused means no balancing is taking place
due to one of the conditions listed in "Earth Residual
Voltage Balancing" - page 59.
Vo Balancing means that phase balancing is taking
place (up to 20% of Nom P-E Volts).
Default is disabled
Min Earth Vo This field allows the user to set the Low Vo level. This
level is specified as a percentage of the nominal system
phase to Earth voltage.
Default and minimum value is 20%
Min SEF Vo This field allows the user to set the Low Vo level. This
level is specified as a percentage of the nominal system
phase to Earth voltage.
Default and minimum value is 5%
High Vo Alarm DISABLED Controls the High Vo alarm. Setting a time enables the
High Vo Alarm 5s alarm. Setting disable, disables the alarm.
Default is DISABLED
High Vo Alarm OFF This is display indication of the High Vo alarm status
High Vo Alarm ON
62
Directional Blocking
Parameters to Directional Blocking requires the following Residual voltage balancing configured if
be Configured parameters to be set correctly: required to improve SEF detection in earthed
1 systems in
Directional Blocking to be made available
DIRB Available Directional Blocking 3:Vo Balance Disabled
1. When set to Not Available, Directional Blocking is disabled and all of the directional blocking pages in the protection
groups are hidden.
63
U-Series
64
Event Log
11 Event Log
When the status of the control electronics or Events are dated, time stamped to a 10ms
switchgear changes, events are generated which resolution and displayed in the order in which they
are recorded in an Event Log for display to the occurred.
operator. Examples of such events are Load
Supply On or Lockout. The key scrolls the display downward to show
older events, the key scrolls the display upward
Events are viewed on the Event Log pages and to show more recent events. Pressing the key
can also be up-loaded and viewed with the removes the title of the display to make more room
Windows Switchgear Operating System. for events. The title will only be restored when the
event log is selected again from the top level
The event log display looks like this:
menu.
- - - - - - - EVENT LOG - - - - - - - -
10/01/01 12:09:02.06Close Coil Connect Appendix G (page 135) lists all the events in
10/01/01 12:09:03.95Panel close req
10/01/01 12:09:37.95Load Supply ON alphabetical order and explains when they are
generated.
Display The event log display will update automatically events occur they are entered at the bottom of the
Updating with new events provided the most recent event is screen and the older events are scrolled up.
on the bottom line of the screen. When new
Protection The circuit breaker generates events to aid the The maximum value of the protection elements
Generated user in analysis of faults or in testing. Events are involved in the trip detected by the protection
Events generated which indicate the following things: relay. Some faults will cause pickup of more
than one element and events are generated
Protection Pickup occurs when any of the for these as well. These events are not
enabled protection elements pick up (this generated until all elements have fallen back to
their normal values. This means they will be
event is particularly useful when current
time stamped after the Protection Trip in the
injection testing). event log.
Circuit Breaker trip under protection. A series Automatic reclose of the circuit breaker.
of events indicate the active protection setting, Expiration of the sequence reset timer. This
type of protection and the number of the trip, indicates the protection relay has reset back to
either single shot or trips 1, 2, 3 or 4. the beginning of the reclose sequence.
Loss of Supply The control electronics monitors voltage screens source side terminals for the time set by the user
Events embedded in the H.V. bushings to determine if the in page.
terminals are live.
SYSTEM STATUS - PHASE VOLTAGE and POWER
Live/Dead indication is shown on real time FLOW: Supply Timeout 5.0s
displays (see later) when the phase/earth voltage
exceeds a user configured threshold, in page If this occurs then a 'Source Supply ON event is
SYSTEM STATUS - PHASE VOLTAGE and POWER generated.
FLOW:LIVEif > 2000V
When supply is lost on all three phases for the
Terminals are designated as Dead when the Supply Timeout, a 'Source Supply OFF' event is
voltage falls 20% below the live threshold. The generated.
live/dead status is used to generate events when
source supply is lost. To determine if supply is ON, The load side is also monitored to generate 'Load
the live status must be sustained on all three Supply ON' and 'Load Supply OFF' events.
65
U-Series
Typical Event A typical sequence of events for a phase/phase However, if the fault was cleared after the first trip
Log Displays fault, which had instantaneous protection on the has occurred, the controller will generate a
first trip and inverse time protection on the second Sequence Reset event once the Sequence Reset
trip, with two trips to lockout might be as shown in Time has expired, as shown in Figure 26
Figure 25 (page 66). (page 66).
- - - - - - EVENT LOG
- - - - - - -
- - - - - - - EVENT LOG- - - -
66
Power System Measurements
Power System The controller must be set for the correct power
Frequency system frequency either 50 or 60 Hz. This is set
SYSTEM STATUS - PHASE VOLTAGE and POWER
on page FLOW: System Freq 50/60 Hz
Switchgear The six bushings on the circuit breaker are The first line of the display allows the operator to
Terminal labelled I,II, III and X, XX,XXX. cycle between the six possible phase
Designation Bushings must have the correct power system combinations (ABC, ACB, BAC, BCA, CAB, CBA).
phase assigned at time of installation, a process When the operator presses the ENTER key, the
called setting the phasing". Setting the phasing controller then orientates the currents and
affects all the displays, events, etc., concerned voltages to match the selection.
with circuit breaker terminals, for example: voltage After the phasing has been set, the operator
measurements, live/dead terminal displays and should record the details on the Operating
maximum current events. Instructions label affixed to the rear of the control
Phasing is set from page. cubicle door to indicate the relationship between
the bushings and phases.
SYSTEM STATUS - SWITCHGEAR TERMINAL
DESIGNATION
Power Flow The circuit breaker is a symmetrical device When changed, this reverses the power flow
Direction meaning that either side can be connected to the direction but not the phasing. See "Switchgear
power source. Terminal Designation" - page 67 .
Consequently, after installation, the controller must
be configured to designate source side. This is Power flow direction setting is used to determine:
done by configuring the direction of power flow so
that positive power flows from source to load. The Whether the source or load corresponds to (I)
engineer can configure which set of bushings or (X) on the voltage measurement displays.
corresponds to the source and load. Which direction is positive power flow for use
The power flow direction is configured on pages on the kWh totals in the Maximum Weekly
SYSTEM STATUS - PHASE VOLTAGE and POWER
Demand display and APGS.
FLOW: Source X, Load I
Which is the source or load for Live Load
Blocking.
SYSTEM STATUS - PHASE VOLTAGE and POWER Which is the source or load for Directional
FLOW: Source I, Load X Blocking.
67
U-Series
Real Time The CT and CVT signals are digitally processed to The displayed data looks like this:
Displays measure data, which is displayed on the Operator
Control Panel in real time. Data displayed is as - - - - INSTANTANEOUS DEMAND - - - M
Earth 0 Amp A Phase 123 Amp
follows: NPS 0 Amp B Phase 128 Amp
C Phase 121 Amp
NPS current.
Source I/Load Without optional External CVTs, voltage With External CVTs fitted, voltage Measurement
X - Phase - Measurement Pages 2 and 3 will look as follows: Pages 2 and 3 will look as follows:
Earth Voltage
Displays - - - - SOURCE SIDE VOLTAGES - - - M - - - - SOURCE SIDE VOLTAGES - - - M
Ai phase to earth 8660 Volt Ai phase to earth 8660 Volt
Bi phase to earth 8660 Volt Bi phase to earth 8660 Volt
Ci phase to earth 8660 Volt Ci phase to earth 8660 Volt
Source I/Load If phase to phase voltages are selected, rather If External CVTs are fitted, the displays will look
X - Phase - than phase to earth, then the measurement pages like the examples given below:
Phase Voltage 2 and 3 text are displayed differently.
Displays
Without External CVTs fitted, an example of the
displays is as follows: - - - - LOAD SIDE VOLTAGES - - - - M
Ax-Bx phase to phase 15000 Volt
- - - - LOAD SIDE VOLTAGES - - - - M Bx-Cx phase to phase 15000 Volt
Ax-Bx phase to phase Unavailable Cx-Ax phase to phase 15000 Volt
Bx-Cx phase to phase Unavailable
Cx-Ax phase to phase Unavailable
68
Power System Measurements
Monthly For each calendar month, the period with the power flow irrespective of the direction
Maximum greater average Real Power is recorded and depending on page.
displayed on the Operator Control Panel. Data
SYSTEM STATUS - PHASE VOLTAGE and POWER
displayed is as follows (each value is reset on FLOW: Power Flow Signed/Unsigned
power up):
The month/year for the peak period on display. The displayed data looks like this:
The time at the end of the peak averaging
- - - - - MONTHLY DEMAND - - - - - M
period.
Jan/2001 Total 28565kWh
The Real Power (kW) during the peak period. Peak Period 12/01/2001 17:15:00
This is a signed quantity unless Power Flow Peak Demand 1235kW 0.93PF
Unsigned has been selected on:
SYSTEM STATUS - PHASE VOLTAGE and POWER
FLOW: Power Flow Signed/Unsigned If there is no Monthly Demand data available the
display will look like this:
The Power Factor (PF) during the peak period.
The total integrated real power flow (kWh) - - - - - - MONTHLY DEMAND - - - - - M
during the month. In a system where power
can flow both ways this quantity will show NO MONTHLY DATA AVAILABLE
either the net energy flow (i.e.: zero if equal
energy had flowed both ways) or the total
Weekly For each week, the period with the greater irrespective of the direction, depending on
Maximum average Real Power is recorded and displayed on page.
the Operator Control Panel. Demand Data SYSTEM STATUS - PHASE VOLTAGE and POWER
displayed is as follows (each value is reset on FLOW: Power Flow Signed/Unsigned
power up):
The displayed data looks like this:
The date of the last day of the week for the
- - - - WEEKLY MAXIMUM DEMAND - - - M
peak period on display. week ending 10/01/2001 total 7565kWh
The time of the end of the peak averaging peakperiod 07/01/2001 17:15:00
peakdemand 31141kW 0.93 PF
period.
The Real Power (kW) during the peak period.
This is a signed quantity unless Power Flow If there is no Weekly Demand data available the
display will look like this:
Unsigned has been selected on:
SYSTEM STATUS - PHASE VOLTAGE and POWER - - - - WEEKLY MAXIMUM DEMAND - - M
FLOW: Power Flow Signed/Unsigned
NO WEEKLY DATA AVAILABLE
The Power Factor (PF) during the peak period.
69
U-Series
Average The real time data is averaged over a user set screen to access the
Demand Data period to provide average demand data that is
MEASUREMENT: SAMPLE PERIOD
Displays then displayed on the control panel.
page. Press SELECT again and use the
To set the average demand period press the keys to vary the displayed period. Press MENU to
SELECT key from the return to page.
MEASUREMENT: AVERAGE DEMAND HISTORY MEASUREMENT: AVERAGE DEMAND
Average Data displayed is as follows: The displayed data looks like this:
Demand -
Default Date and time of the end of the averaging $9(5$*('(0$1' 0
period. $3KDVH $PS
N: %3KDVH $PS
Currents in each phase averaged over the 3) &3KDVH $PS
period.
Real Power (kW) averaged over the period.
This is a signed quantity unless Power Flow When first selected, the average demand display
Unsigned has been selected on: shows the most recent period.
SYSTEM STATUS - PHASE VOLTAGE and POWER
FLOW: Power Flow Signed/Unsigned To view older periods press the SELECT key and
then the keys. To return to the most recent
Power Factor (PF) averaged over the period. period press the MENU key.
Average Average Demand data may be customised using $9(5$*('(0$1' 0
Demand - WSOS.
Configurable &86720,6(''$7$/2**,1*
Customised data is not available on the screen if :626',63/$<21/<
this option is selected. However, the customised
data can be retrieved and viewed through WSOS.
This operator message indicates that the Average The following WSOS dialog box shows the data
Demand is no longer available at the control panel. that may be configured and displayed through
.
WSOS1.
1. The Data Storage Time is calculated from the parameters selected from the above table and then displayed at the WSOS
screen. All data is averaged over the logging period.
70
U-Series
Average The real time data is averaged over a user set screen to access the
Demand Data period to provide average demand data that is
MEASUREMENT: SAMPLE PERIOD
Displays then displayed on the control panel.
page. Press SELECT again and use the
To set the average demand period press the keys to vary the displayed period. Press MENU to
SELECT key from the return to page.
MEASUREMENT: AVERAGE DEMAND HISTORY MEASUREMENT: AVERAGE DEMAND
Average Data displayed is as follows: The displayed data looks like this:
Demand -
Default Date and time of the end of the averaging $9(5$*('(0$1' 0
period. $3KDVH $PS
N: %3KDVH $PS
Currents in each phase averaged over the 3) &3KDVH $PS
period.
Real Power (kW) averaged over the period.
This is a signed quantity unless Power Flow When first selected, the average demand display
Unsigned has been selected on: shows the most recent period.
SYSTEM STATUS - PHASE VOLTAGE and POWER
FLOW: Power Flow Signed/Unsigned To view older periods press the SELECT key and
then the keys. To return to the most recent
Power Factor (PF) averaged over the period. period press the MENU key.
Average Average Demand data may be customised using $9(5$*('(0$1' 0
Demand - WSOS.
Configurable &86720,6(''$7$/2**,1*
Customised data is not available on the screen if :626',63/$<21/<
this option is selected. However, the customised
data can be retrieved and viewed through WSOS.
This operator message indicates that the Average The following WSOS dialog box shows the data
Demand is no longer available at the control panel. that may be configured and displayed through
.
WSOS1.
1. The Data Storage Time is calculated from the parameters selected from the above table and then displayed at the WSOS
screen. All data is averaged over the logging period.
70
U-Series
Average The real time data is averaged over a user set screen to access the
Demand Data period to provide average demand data that is
MEASUREMENT: SAMPLE PERIOD
Displays then displayed on the control panel.
page. Press SELECT again and use the
To set the average demand period press the keys to vary the displayed period. Press MENU to
SELECT key from the return to page.
MEASUREMENT: AVERAGE DEMAND HISTORY MEASUREMENT: AVERAGE DEMAND
Average Data displayed is as follows: The displayed data looks like this:
Demand -
Default Date and time of the end of the averaging $9(5$*('(0$1' 0
period. $3KDVH $PS
N: %3KDVH $PS
Currents in each phase averaged over the 3) &3KDVH $PS
period.
Real Power (kW) averaged over the period.
This is a signed quantity unless Power Flow When first selected, the average demand display
Unsigned has been selected on: shows the most recent period.
SYSTEM STATUS - PHASE VOLTAGE and POWER
FLOW: Power Flow Signed/Unsigned To view older periods press the SELECT key and
then the keys. To return to the most recent
Power Factor (PF) averaged over the period. period press the MENU key.
Average Average Demand data may be customised using $9(5$*('(0$1' 0
Demand - WSOS.
Configurable &86720,6(''$7$/2**,1*
Customised data is not available on the screen if :626',63/$<21/<
this option is selected. However, the customised
data can be retrieved and viewed through WSOS.
This operator message indicates that the Average The following WSOS dialog box shows the data
Demand is no longer available at the control panel. that may be configured and displayed through
.
WSOS1.
1. The Data Storage Time is calculated from the parameters selected from the above table and then displayed at the WSOS
screen. All data is averaged over the logging period.
70
U-Series
Average The real time data is averaged over a user set screen to access the
Demand Data period to provide average demand data that is
MEASUREMENT: SAMPLE PERIOD
Displays then displayed on the control panel.
page. Press SELECT again and use the
To set the average demand period press the keys to vary the displayed period. Press MENU to
SELECT key from the return to page.
MEASUREMENT: AVERAGE DEMAND HISTORY MEASUREMENT: AVERAGE DEMAND
Average Data displayed is as follows: The displayed data looks like this:
Demand -
Default Date and time of the end of the averaging $9(5$*('(0$1' 0
period. $3KDVH $PS
N: %3KDVH $PS
Currents in each phase averaged over the 3) &3KDVH $PS
period.
Real Power (kW) averaged over the period.
This is a signed quantity unless Power Flow When first selected, the average demand display
Unsigned has been selected on: shows the most recent period.
SYSTEM STATUS - PHASE VOLTAGE and POWER
FLOW: Power Flow Signed/Unsigned To view older periods press the SELECT key and
then the keys. To return to the most recent
Power Factor (PF) averaged over the period. period press the MENU key.
Average Average Demand data may be customised using $9(5$*('(0$1' 0
Demand - WSOS.
Configurable &86720,6(''$7$/2**,1*
Customised data is not available on the screen if :626',63/$<21/<
this option is selected. However, the customised
data can be retrieved and viewed through WSOS.
This operator message indicates that the Average The following WSOS dialog box shows the data
Demand is no longer available at the control panel. that may be configured and displayed through
.
WSOS1.
1. The Data Storage Time is calculated from the parameters selected from the above table and then displayed at the WSOS
screen. All data is averaged over the logging period.
70
Supply Outage Measurement
Many Utilities analyse the supply outages to each utility may define an outage in a different
measure the quality of supply to their customers. way.
The average duration and frequency of outages The Supply Outage Measurement1 feature utilises
are key indicators in this process and they are built-in recloser features to record the number and
commonly defined as: duration of outages. These statistics are recorded
in the controller and are available to the Utility to
System Average Interruption Duration Index
help calculate SAIDI and SAIFI. The controller
(SAIDI). This is equal to the average minutes
records the:
lost per customer per year. Each utility has its
own definition of lost customer minutes. For cumulative total number of outages,
example, it may not include outages of cumulative total outage duration, and
one minute or less or outages resulting from the time and duration of each outage event in
transmission grid failures or major storms. the Event Log.
System Average Interruption Frequency Index These records are accessible to the user and can
(SAIFI). This is equal to the average number of be retrieved using the operator control panel,
outages per customer per year. Once again WSOS or a SCADA System.
Determination The controller monitors the circuit breaker terminal outage on the network segment connected to the
of Supply voltages to determine when there is an outage. A I -Side terminal. When an outage is detected on
Outage loss of supply voltage on one or more phases for a the network segment connected to the I -Side ter-
user-set time is defined as the start of the outage minal it is timed and the data stored in the data-
and when voltage is restored to all three phases base for later analysis.
for the same user-set time it is the end of the out-
age. The reported outage duration is the actual If optional External CVT's are fitted (See Appendix
time without voltage. K (page 155) outages on both source and load
side network segments are monitored.
A standard U Series circuit breaker cannot detect
voltage on the X-Side terminals when the circuit If the circuit breaker is disconnected from the con-
breaker is open, consequently Supply Outage troller or the controller is powered down during an
measurement is not available for the network seg- outage then the controller cannot determine the
ment connected to the X-Side terminals. outage duration. In such cases the outage dura-
The circuit breaker logs the number of, the total tion data for that specific outage is discarded. The
duration of and the start and finish time of each outage counter is maintained.
SUPPLY OUTAGE M
Field Description
71
U-Series
Field Description
Duration Total duration of supply outages in hours, minutes and seconds for
both source and load-side terminals.
Maximum: 9999 hours, 59 mins, 59 sec.
Resetting the To reset the counters find: Press or keys to reset the counter.
Counters and MEASUREMENT SUPPLY OUTAGES
Press the MENU key to continue.
Timers This resets both counters and both timers.
Press the SELECT key until a counter field
flashes.
Event Record A supply outage event is logged in the event ON or OFF, resets the counters and changes the
record when the supply outage ends. Events are source and load terminals.
also logged when the operator turns this function The Supply Outage events are listed in the table
below.
Load Out 59 m 59 s The circuit breaker load terminals experienced a supply outage up to
59 minutes 59 seconds.
Load Out 99 h 59 m The circuit breaker load terminals experienced a supply outage up to
99 hours 59 minutes.
Load Out 9999 h The circuit breaker load terminals experienced a supply outage
> 10,000 hours.
Outages ON The operator has turned ON or OFF the supply outage measurement
Outages OFF functions.
Outages reset The operator has reset the four outage counters.
Source Out 59 m 59 s The circuit breaker source terminals experienced a supply outage up
to 59 minutes 59 seconds.
Source Out 99 h 59 m The circuit breaker source terminals experienced a supply outage up
to 99 hours 59 minutes.
Source Out 9999 h The circuit breaker source terminals experienced a supply outage
> 100 hours
72
Supply Outage Measurement
The following example shows a typical sequence
of events where a circuit breaker has lost supply
due to an upstream fault:
- - - - - - - EVENT LOG - - - - -
07/01/01 22:47:48.00 Source Supply OFF Loss of supply detected on both Source and Load sides.
07/01/01 22:47:48.00 Load Supply OFF
07/01/01 22:52:17.90 Source Supply ON Restored supply detected on both sides of the ACR.
07/01/01 22:52:17.90 Load Supply ON
07/01/01 22:52:23.90 Source Out 4m 29s Supply outage is logged for source and load sides.
07/01/01 22:52:23.90 Load Out 4m 29s
73
U-Series
74
Loop Automation
14 Loop Automation
Loop Automation is an optional feature that will, in is selected.
the event of an outage, automatically reconfigure Loop Automation is documented in its own
an electrical network to restore power to un-faulted Technical Manual (Part Number: N00-380).
sections. Contact the manufacturer or your distributor for
When available Loop Automation adds additional more information.
display pages to the System Status display group.
Loop Automation becomes available when
SYSTEM STATUS-OPTIONS 2:Loop Auto Available
75
U-Series
76
Generator Control
15 Generator Control
Operation The Generator Control option allows a generator generator is turned off and the CAPM will close the
to be operated by an IOEX output in response to ACR to restore supply to the load.
the loss of supply, which is sensed by the line side
bushings. Note
After a preset time period (HV Dead Time) the If external CVTs are fitted, closing is
CAPM will trip the ACR to isolate the load. prevented when supplying the load via
When the ACR opens, the CAPM, via a set of the generator. This is a safety feature to
IOEX contacts will turn the generator on. The prevent closing onto unsynchronised
generator will stay on until the supply is restored. supplies.
Configuration This option can be turned ON or OFF in The actual contents of the data rows and the
and Display SYSTEM STATUS - OPTIONS 1-Generator Control
field descriptions are shown in the following
tables.
With Generator Control On and the recloser in
the open position it is impossible to close if the
load side bushings are energised.
OPTIONS 2 S
Options 2 screen
Field Description
77
U-Series
The screen shown below will be displayed at the
end of the existing status screen if Generator
Control is available.
Generator Control S
GenCtrl OFF O
GenCtrl ON
Field Description
78
Communications Interfaces
16 Communications Interfaces
The Control and Protection Module (CAPM) These are detailed below. In addition, a switch
provides an external communications interface for mode power supply is provided to power the radio/
connection into a communications system. modem.
RS232 Ports P8 and P9 and V23 Port P10 are not
This interface can be used by a remote computer isolated from each other or the controller
to monitor and control the recloser. Typical electronics.
applications would be connection into a SCADA Consequently, they should only be connected to
system for remote operator control or connection devices inside the PTCC that are powered by the
into a distribution automation system for automatic PTCC radio supply, including Modems, optical
control by a supervising computer. isolators, and radios.
Use of the serial ports to connect directly to other
Two physical interfaces are provided on the devices outside the PTCC may cause damage
CAPM, either interface can be used: and voids any warranty.
V23 FSK modem with radio interface signals. If V23 connection to devices outside the PTCC is
essential, the manufacturers 600 ohm interface
RS232 interface. accessory is recommended.
V23 Interface An in-built FSK modem provides half duplex V23 female 15 way D connector is fitted. The cable
signalling at 1200 bits per second. This interface is is run to the bottom of the radio panel. This cable
primarily designed for use with voice frequency allows a simple personalised cable to connect
radio systems and provides additional signals for from the standard cable to a particular radio type.
this purpose.This interface is available on CAPM The personalised cable can be fitted in the field
plug P10 which is a 16 way ribbon header, or a without the need to open the electronics
factory fitted cable may have been supplied to compartment. Contact the manufacturer for the
connect direct to the radio. supply of personalised cables suitable for
Unless a particular radio cable is ordered, a particular radio types required.
standard cable (part number N03-530) with a Signals provided are:
Cable
P10 Pin Direction Use
(N03-530)
5 5 - 0 Volts (ground/earth)
79
U-Series
RS232 An RS232 interface is available on CAPM plug P8 connect to conventional modems which provide
Interface which is a standard D25 male or a factory fitted the correct signalling for the communications
cable may have been provided to connect directly network used, e.g. optical fibre modem or
to the modem. This interface is provided to telephone dial up modem, as follows: :
1 0V (ground/earth)
6 X
7 0V (ground/earth)
9 X
10 X
11 X
12 X
13 X
14 X
15 X
16 X
17 X
18 X
19 X
20 From CAPM Data Terminal Ready (DTR)
21 X
22 X
23 X
24 X
25 X
P9 The CAPM Port P9 defaults to fixed 19200 baud, online it attempts to communicate at 19.2k baud. If
Configurable Local mode. If made available to the operator via unsuccessful it cycles through 9600, 2400, 1200,
Baud Rate WSOS, the baud rate and mode can be 600 and back to 19.2k baud until successful.
configured in the CAPM. When WSOS goes
Operation WSOS provides the capability for the operator to Set a fixed or configurable baud rate.
designate the mode of operation of the P9 port.
Designate P9 as Local or Remote.1
Port P9 can be configured by the operator when
made available via WSOS. This allows the Port P9 can be configured using WSOS or the
operator to: OCPM.
80
Communications Interfaces
The actual contents of the data rows and the field
descriptions are shown in the following table.
Radio/Modem A switched mode power supply for a radio/modem The supply is available on plug P3 of the CAPM
Power is built into the CAPM and draws its power from via a disconnect type terminal block. A factory
the auxiliary supply and/or the battery.1 fitted cable to connect directly to the radio/modem
may have been provided. Connections are as
follows:
The radio/modem power supply voltage is set by page by the user, has elapsed. If the Radio Hold
the user from the Operator Control Panel in the time is set to zero then the radio supply will not
shutdown, except under special circumstances. .
SYSTEM STATUS -RADIO and TIME SET: Radio Supply
12 Volts
The radio/modem power supply is restored when
the auxiliary supply returns to normal.
page. This is a password protected parameter. The radio/modem power supply can be turned on
If the auxiliary power fails, battery power can be and off by the operator for radio maintenance
conserved by automatically shutting down the without passwords in the
radio/modem power supply. The shutdown takes
SYSTEM STATUS -RADIO and TIME SET: Radio Supply
place after the radio holdup time, set on the ON
Connections Connections to the CAPM (if not factory fitted) power. If these cables were not factory fitted the
Into must be run through the rubber cable ducting in slots will have been sealed with rubber cord.
Electronics the middle of the equipment panel. This ducting To run cables into the electronics compartment,
Compartment provides a sealed entry into the electronics remove the cords and use their slots.
compartment thus keeping out airborne pollution.
All cables running into the electronics
It should not normally be necessary to run compartment must be round, sheathed and
additional cables into the electronics between 9 and 10.5mm in diameter to ensure a
compartment. However, if cables must be run, good seal.
slots in the ducting have been left free for the Heatshrink sleeving can be used to increase the
purpose of connecting radio/modem data and diameter of a cable. See "Replacement of
1. The power supply is not isolated.
81
U-Series
Electronic Modules" - page 105 for instructions on
removing the electronics compartment cover to
gain access to the CAPM.
82
Input Output Expander Card
Field The field excitation for IOEX inputs/outputs MUST the isolation barriers and introduce serious risk of
Excitation NOT be provided from the control cubicle battery damage or interference to the control electronics.
nor the radio power supply. Doing so will breach
IOEX as Local/ An IOEX can be designated from the IOEX Status 8 (page 33) for further information on Local and
Remote User Page as either Local or Remote User. See Section Remote Users.
IOEX Status The next three lines are the data on display, consisting
Page SYSTEM STATUS-IOEX Status
of one selection from each data cell. To the right of
each data cell in the table is a small column
page displays the status of the IOEX inputs and containing a letter indicating the type of data.
outputs to assist debugging during installation and These letters, which are not shown on the display,
maintenance. indicate:
The top line of the display is the page title and the P - Password Protected (i.e. can only be changed
letter S to the right indicates that this page is if the password is known)
located in the System Status Display Group. The D - Display Only (i.e. Cannot be changed).
IOEX Status S
Inputs 1 * 12 D Local P
Remote
Field Explanation
Inputs This indicates the current state of the inputs. A dash represents the OFF
1 - - - - * - - - - - - - 12 state and an asterisk * the ON state.
Outputs This indicates the current state of the outputs. A dash represents the
1-*-----*8 OFF state and an asterisk * the ON state.
83
U-Series
Field Explanation
Invalid Map Invalid Map means there is a problem with the IOEX mapping in the
database. Contact the manufacturer.
Unplugged Unplugged is displayed if the CAPM is not receiving data from the IOEX,
check the cabling.
Wrong Type Wrong Type is displayed if the IOEX hardware is detected as being
different to the mapping, contact the manufacturer.
When the IOEX configuration is invalid or has at the top of the screen.
some other problems such as wrong hardware
type, the OCPM flashes the message
IOEX Configuration Corrupt or Invalid
Inputs - The IOEX has12 independent, optically isolated are accepted. Input Voltage range is 60130 VAC
Standard inputs, each with Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV) or 18 150 VDC.
Mapping protection. DC in either polarity or AC input signals
Recloser
1 1-2 Trip the switchgear, set lockout and inhibit all close operations
The recloser close input will only function the event log by a Close Blocking ON and
when the controller is set to the designated Close Blocking OFF event whenever the
IOEX mode and the Work Tag is off. For IOEX Trip input changes state.
example, if the IOEX card is designated as The SEF protection ON functionality operates
local then the IOEX close input will only
as discussed in "Sensitive Earth Fault Control"
operate when the controller is in the Local
- page 39. If the earth fault protection or the
mode of operation and the Work Tag is turned
SEF availability for the active protection group
off. See Section 8 (page 33).
are turned off then the SEF protection will NOT
Tripping and controlling all other settings
turn on.
works in Local and Remote modes and is
independent of the Work Tag status. If both SEF protection ON and OFF inputs are
84
Input Output Expander Card
Outputs - The IOEX has 8 independent voltage free relay contacts are rated for 150 VAC, 2A or 150 VDC,
Standard contact outputs, each with MOV protection. The 1A non-inductive.
Mapping
Output Terminal Output On Output Off
Numbera Number (relay closed) (relay open)
Phase Trip On On
a. The trip Source outputs do not indicate other causes of a trip such as Loss of Phase.
System The IOEX system healthy indicator is present Contact Life greater than 20% on all phases.
Healthy when all of the following are true:
IOEX to CAPM communications OK.
Indicator Aux Supply OK.
Battery Supply OK. Mechanism OK
SCEM Data Valid. Failure of any of these will cause the system
CAPM Electronics OK. healthy flag to be extinguished.
Power If an IOEX card is fitted to the control cubicle, the This is due to the current drawn by the IOEX card
Consumption battery holdup time can be affected. and its relay coils. The manufacturers battery
holdup time rating is based on a recloser
installation without the IOEX card fitted.
Configurable WSOS incorporates the Configurable IOEX tool This tool can be launched from within WSOS and
IOEX that allows users to generate custom I/O used to individually define each of the twelve
mappings for an IOEX card. inputs and eight outputs for an IOEX map.
85
U-Series
Scope The Configurable IOEX tool can only create The tool can be used to read mappings from
mappings that are compatible with CAPM previous versions of software but can only create
software versions 027-07.xx (CAPM 4) and 527- files for use with the specified software versions.
07.xx (CAPM 5), and all later versions. WSOS Version 4.12 or higher is also required to
use the Configurable IOEX tool.
Overview Custom maps can now be created for an IOEX created it is linked to the switchgear device
and loaded into a CAPM directly from WSOS. The configuration in WSOS and written into the CAPM.
types of actions that can be mapped to each input The IOEX Configuration tool is intended to be
or output is dependent on the software version used Off-Line only. Mappings are created, saved
loaded into the CAPM. and linked to a WSOS switchgear device
configuration while disconnected from the
When the tool is started the user is asked to input
switchgear. Once these tasks have been
the software version.This is then used to retrieve a
completed the user connects to the device and
valid set of points to use when constructing logic
writes the new mapping into the CAPM along with
within the tool.
the switchgear device configuration.
The mappings and I/O logic are created using the When this tool is installed, a technical manual
tool and saved to an IOEX mapping file on the describing its operation and use is available
WSOS computer. Once a valid file has been through its Help menu.
86
Accessories
18 Accessories
Test and For simplified testing in the field or in the workshop also simulate the circuit breaker and allow com-
Training Set a purpose built test set called a Test and Training prehensive testing of the control electronics. The
(TTS) Set (TTS) is available. TTS is highly suited to train staff in maintenance
The TTS is a briefcase sized test set which con- and operations.
nects to the control cubicle and allows a standard The test and training set is purchased as a sepa-
secondary injection test set to be connected to rate item. For further information refer to your dis-
inject currents into the control cubicle. The TTS will tributor.
Windows Section 7 (page 27) describes the built-in operator Up-loading of historical data (e.g. event record
Switchgear control panel. An alternative interface to the opera- or demand measurements) into the computer,
Operating tor panel is the Windows Switchgear Operating which can be taken away and processed
System System (WSOS). This is a software package for a elsewhere.
(WSOS) Personal Computer (PC) that allows manage-
Automatic dial-back from the controller to the
ment, control and monitoring of a population of
WSOS PC on change of state.
reclosers. WSOS is purchased as an additional
item. For pricing information refer to your distribu- Embedded in the circuit breaker controller is
tor. server software for the WSOS package. The
WSOS provides facilities for: server provides two interfaces for connection to
WSOS as described below.
Online and Offline management of all
protection settings. Connection can be made from a PC to the WSOS
Tripping and Closing of the switchgear and server at either port but only one port can be used
other operator control functions. at any one time.
Electronics This is the computer port on the front of the elec- The port is normally used to connect a portable
Compartment tronics compartment also known as the P9 port. notebook PC for maintenance purposes such as
Computer Port See Figure 2 (page 22). downloading settings or uploading the event
(P9) record using WSOS. This port is designated a
It is a standard RS232 connection running at 19.2 Local User, as defined in "Definition of Local or
kBaud unless otherwise configured. See Section Remote User" - page 33, and may be configured
16 (page 79) as remote. See Section 16 (page 81).
Telemetry Port This is a standard RS232 port and provides page 33. "RS232 Interface" - page 80 gives details
(P8) remote access to a PC running WSOS located of the hardware interface. In some software con-
elsewhere such as in an office or a workshop. For figurations this port is used by other protocols, in
details of the hardware interface. See "RS232 which case it cannot be used for WSOS connec-
Interface" - page 80 . tion at the same time.
To gain remote access a modem must be installed The port is configured on
in the control cubicle allowing the PC to control the
recloser from another location. Typically the SYSTEM STATUS - WSOS Port P8 Communications
modem is connected to a telephone line or is itself
a digital cellular telephone modem. and requires:
The modem allows an engineer or operator to dial The baud rate must be set to match the
into the controller and check on the event record modem interface to allow dial-in access to
or make protection setting changes. WSOS (this is not necessarily the same as the
In addition the controller can be configured to dial modem signalling speed, refer to the modem
the PC automatically when events occur such as manual)
trip to lockout. This is called Change of State CAPM 4 possible range is 300 baud to 9.6
(COS) reporting and allows a WSOS computer to kBaud.
be used as a monitoring system for a population of
circuit breakers. More information is provided in CAPM 5 possible range is 300 baud to 19.2
the WSOS Technical Supplement Manual N00- kBaud.
402. COS On if Change of State Reporting is
This port is designated as a Remote User, as required. In this case a telephone number is
defined in "Definition of Local or Remote User" - also required.
87
U-Series
Outline of The WSOS manual supplement document Dialling is displayed as the status. If dialling
Operation number N00-402 gives more details on the opera- does not result in a connection then retries are
tion of P8 as a remote WSOS port. In summary it: made and if they do not succeed then the
Operates as a RS232 interface. modem is powered down and up again before
Supports TXD, RXD and DCD and in turn further attempts to connect are made.
requires these signals to be supported by the
Once connected the controller waits for WSOS
modem or otherwise correctly wired.
to interrogate (poll) it. Provided successful
If communication to a WSOS PC has occurred
polls take place the controller then resets it
in the last 10 seconds or DCD is asserted then
change flags so that it will not call again until
Online is displayed on
there is another change. If at any time there is
SYSTEM STATUS - WSOS Port P8 Communications no poll from the WSOS PC for 60 seconds
If Change of State is ON, the port uses the then the controller will terminate the
Hayes command set to make the dialup connection using the Hayes hang-up
connection and therefore this must be command, or if that fails by powering down the
supported by the modem. Whilst dialling modem.
Manual The manual operation set allows a user to manu- from its own trip/close capacitor using its own bat-
Operation Set ally trip or close the circuit breaker when a control teries. No external power source is needed.
cubicle is either not available or not working. It The Manual Operation Set is purchased as an
operates the actuator inside the circuit breaker additional item, for further information refer to your
distributor.
Remote The remote control panel provides dual control for almost identical functionality to that provided at the
Control Panel the manufacturers Reclosers installed in Sub-Sta- Control Cubicle.
tion applications. The remote control panel dupli- The Remote Control Panel is purchased as an
cates the Operator Control Panel to provide additional item, for further information refer to your
distributor.
Secondary The Secondary Voltage Injection Interface Set Confirm the Pole Top Control Cubicle (PTCC)
Voltage (SVIIS) enables the direct injection of low voltage and control cable connections on all the
Injection for testing of the control cubicle protection or Distri- manufacturers Pole Top Circuit Breakers.
Interface Set bution System Automation functions. The SVIIS is provided with a separate Technical
It may be used to: Manual N05-633. This manual describes the con-
figurations that the SVIIS may be used within.
Inject voltage signals when connected to a
Test procedures using the SVIIS are described in
Test and Training Set.
detail within the manufacturers Workshop and
Simulate loss of voltage on an energised Field Test Manual. Refer to the manufacturer or
recloser. your local distributor.
Fast Trip Input A Fast Trip Input Module (FTIM) is available as an The FTIM is purchased as an additional item, for
Module accessory. further information refer to your distributor.
This provides an optically isolated input to uncon-
ditionally trip the circuit breaker within 60ms of
activation (including debounce and breaker oper-
ating time).
88
Installation
19 Installation
Unpacking Tools required: from are all secured together. Lift the complete
Procedure mounting bracket out of the crate.
Wrecking bar to remove nails.
Screw Driver or Battery Drill with 8mm socket. Fit D-shackles to the lifting points on the circuit
breaker and lift out of the crate onto the ground
16mm Spanner or Socket.
using the crane.
Procedure: Remove the two bolts securing the control
cubicle and slide the unit from the crate.
Remove top of crate and lift out the control
cable. Store carefully in a clean dry place.
Control Cable When installing or testing the circuit breaker it is plug (not visible). Wriggle to allow the clips to
Connection necessary to connect and disconnect the control release and then pull the plug out.
cable.
89
U-Series
Testing & The tests can be carried out on site or in the the vacuum interrupters. In this case all personnel
Configuring workshop as preferred. must be shielded from the X-rays.
Unpack the crate as above and put the control
cubicle in a clean safe place where it will not be
3. Configure the protection settings.
damaged or soiled. Make a temporary earth
connection between the control cubicle, the circuit
4. Perform primary current injection as required.
breaker and earth. This need only be 1mm
copper wire. 5. Perform secondary current injection as required
Unbolt the blanking plate from the bottom of the using a Test and Training Set (TTS).
circuit breaker and connect the cover end of the
control cable to plug P1 on the Switch Cable Entry 6. The radio/modem plate can be unscrewed and
Module (SCEM) located inside the compartment. a radio or modem fitted, connected and tested as
See "Control Cable Connection" - page 89 for the required.
correct way to plug in the control cable.
Do not bolt the cover onto the tank unless this is Important Notes:
the final installation since the sealing gasket on the
cover cannot be re-used once it has been fully When a circuit breaker is connected to a
compressed. control cubicle the controller reads the circuit
breaker memory. Five minutes after an
Then connect the other end of the control cable
operation occurs, the control cubicle writes the
into connector P1 on the Control Cable Entry
Module (CCEM)See Figure 27 (page 89)and circuit breaker memory with the latest
Figure 29 (page 90). operations count and contact wear data.
During the writing process the control cubicle
Turn on the battery and aux supply circuit breakers
at the top of the control cubicle and carry out the beeps. Always wait 5 minutes after an
following tests: operation before turning off the control cubicle
so the changed data can be written to the
1. Trip and close the circuit breaker from the
circuit breaker. Do not turn off or unplug the
control cubicle.
control cubicle during the writing process.
2. Insulation test the high voltage connections to
earth to check for shipping damage to the high Attend to the battery using the care
voltage components of the circuit breaker. The test instructions given in "Battery Care" - page 103.
voltage should not exceed 54kV for 60 seconds Note that fitting the batteries with reverse
(90% of the factory test voltage). polarity will cause damage to the electronic
systems.
Transport to If the unpacking and testing was carried out in the cubicle must be transported safely to site. It is
Site workshop then the circuit breaker and control important the following steps are carried out:
90
Installation
Turn off all control cubicle circuit breakers and Either remove the batteries from the control
disconnect all auxiliary power supplies. cubicle and safely transport separately or
Disconnect the control cable from both circuit secure the batteries in the control cubicle.
breaker and control cubicle and put back the Transport the circuit breaker, control cubicle
blanking plate on the bottom of the circuit and all parts in a safe and secure manner to
breaker where the control cubicle is site.The recommended way to do this is to re-
connected. pack the equipment into the original crating.
Site
Installation
Tools Required Torque wrench and metric socket set, normal Crane or other lift device for the circuit breaker
engineers tools. and control cubicle, four D shackles and slings.
Tools to prepare pole as required.
Parts Required Two 20mm galvanised or stainless steel bolts Earth wire and lugs for the earthing scheme
(Not supplied by with washers and nuts etc. to bolt mounting and parts for LV mains auxiliary power
the bracket to power pole. See Figure 31 connection. See Figure 32 (page 94),
manufacturer) (page 93). If the optional pole clamp has been Figure 37 (page 100) and "Earthing" - page 93.
purchased this is not required. 20mm sealing cable entry glands to suit
Mounting parts for control cubicle. Either auxiliary supply mains cables, 16mm sealing
20mm steel strapping or 10mm galvanised or cable entry glands to suit aerial or
stainless steel bolts, nuts, etc. See Figure 2 communications cable as required.
(page 22). Aerial, aerial feeder cable and surge arrester
Fixing hardware for control cable. This is as required if a radio is fitted (unless supplied
standard 25mm sheathed conduit and can be by the manufacturer).
fixed to the pole with ties, straps, P-clips or Cable ferrites for IOEX cables (If IOEX is
saddles. fitted).
Site Procedure Complete the following sequential steps to erect Ensure that the pole is of sufficient strength to
and test the circuit breaker. Refer to mounting support the circuit breaker. A structural
details provided at Figure 33 (page 96), Figure 34 engineer may be required to calculate the
(page 97), Figure 35 (page 98) and Figure 36
stresses involved.
(page 99).
Transport to site and carry out testing prior to Securely mount the circuit breaker mounting
erection as required. bracket on the power pole.
91
U-Series
Lift the circuit breaker into position, complete (page 94). Refer to "LV Auxiliary Power from
with any surge arrester brackets and surge Dedicated Utility Transformer" - page 94.
arresters. Lower it onto the mounting bracket Remove the cover plate from the bottom of the
and fix with the four 16mm nuts and bolts circuit breaker tank and connect the control
provided. Tighten to 100 Nm. cable to plug P1 on the Switch Cable Entry
Complete the high voltage connections and Module (SCEM) located inside the tank. Refer
note the terminal wiring on the Operating to "Control Cable Connection" - page 89 for
Instructions label affixed to the inside of the the correct way to plug in. Then bolt up the
control cubicle door. cover.
Lift the control cubicle into position and bolt or The cover can be fitted in different orientations to
strap to the power pole. Note that the control best suit the installation.
cubicle mounts are provided with key holes so
Run the control cable down from the circuit
it can be lifted onto the mounting bolt and
breaker to the control cubicle.
simply slid into position.
Power down the control cubicle by switching
Run the earth connections as shown in
off all MCB's. Note that this should be done
Figure 37 (page 100), refer also to "Earthing" - whenever connecting or disconnecting the
page 93. control cable from the control cubicle. Remove
the blanking plate of the control cubicle and
feed the control cable through the bottom of
WARNING the control cubicle and plug into connector P1
on the control cable entry module (CCEM), as
It is vital that the earthing scheme described is
carried out.
shown in Figure 2 (page 22).
Fit batteries to control cubicle.
For LV mains supply run auxiliary wiring as
shown in Figure 37 (page 100). Caution
Fitting the batteries with reverse polarity will cause
It is vital that the scheme described is carried damage to the electronic systems.
out.
Carry out the wiring connections inside the Power up control cubicle and test operation of
control cubicle as shown in Figure 32 circuit breaker.
(page 94). Mount aerial and run aerial feed to control
cubicle or run external communications cable
Caution to control cubicle. Use the cable entry shown
Make sure the LV mains cable is run behind the
in Figure 2 (page 22) with a sealing 16mm
equipment panel.
gland.
For LV supply from a dedicated transformer The circuit breaker is now ready for energising and
supplied by the utility, connect as shown in commissioning. This should include setting the
Figure 32 (page 94). frequency, power flow direction and the phasing.
For Integrated supply from an external
Refer also Section 12 (page 67).
transformer, connect as shown in Figure 32
HV Connections The HV terminals are 20mm tin plated copper available in bimetallic versions to connect to
stems with M10 x 1.5 tapped holes in the ends. aluminium conductors. These are suitable for all
cable sizes.
Connections are made to the circuit breaker
terminals using one of the methods below, See Crimp lugs with holes for M10 bolts.
Figure 32 (page 94). These are suitable for cable sizes up to
Parallel Groove clamps which grip both the cable approximately 70mm2 and are available in
and the stem. These are standard line equipment bimetallic versions
Surge Arrester Surge arrester brackets may be fitted to the circuit When surge arresters are fitted to a cross-arm it is
Mounting and breaker tank top. See Figure 34 (page 97) and essential that the earth for the surge arresters is
Terminating Figure 35 (page 98). connected to the earth terminal on the ACR.
92
Installation
It is usually easiest to fit the surge arresters breaker is lifted into position, the correct holes will
brackets and surge arresters to the circuit breaker be free for fitting the circuit breaker to the mounting
when it is on the ground before lifting onto the bracket.
pole. In this case fit the surge arrester brackets to
the circuit breaker with the two bolts provided but The circuit breaker mounting bolts fix the surge
make sure that they are not in the holes used by arrester brackets to the circuit breaker and the
the mounting bracket. Then, when the circuit circuit breaker to the bracket.
Earthing Figure 37 (page 100) shows the earthing common The control cubicle is connected to this main earth
to all installations. bond by a tee-off. The control cubicle electronics
are internally protected from potential differences
This arrangement earths the circuit breaker frame which may occur between the circuit breaker
and the surge arresters directly to earth through a frame and control cubicle frame whilst surge
main earth bond consisting of a copper conductor currents are flowing down the main earth bond. No
of at least 70mm2. Any surges will flow down this other connections to earth from the control cubicle
path. are allowed since surge currents will also flow in
those paths. Follow this arrangement on both
conducting and insulating power poles.
Caution
Do not earth surge arresters by a different path,
doing this may cause damage to the control
Keep the main earth bond physically separated
electronics or circuit breaker. Also, any aerial should from the control cable, as they run down the power
be bonded to the circuit breaker or the main earth pole, by the maximum spacing available. This
bond. should be at least 200mm for wood and concrete
poles and 100mm for steel poles.
Protection of It is highly advisable to connect a gas discharge A feed-through or bulkhead type arrester fitted to
Radio type of surge arrester in the aerial feed to the the bottom to the bottom of the control cubicle is
Equipment radio. Failure to do so will result in loss of radio ideal. If fitted internally the surge arrester should
and control electronics protection which could lead be earthed to an equipment panel mounting stud
to complete electronic failure due to lightning
by the shortest possible wire. Holes are provided
activity.
for a Polyphasor, IS-B50 type bulkhead surge
Caution arrester. See Figure 2 (page 22). A suitable type of
A failure of this nature is not covered by the bulkhead mount surge arrester is specified in
products general warranty arrangements. Appendix H (page 139).
93
U-Series
IOEX Cabling Turn off the controller before connecting the IOEX The wiring to the IOEX must be shielded with the
to the CAPM. shield bonded to the control cubicle stud only. The
manufacturer recommends shielded 12 pair data
To ensure electromagnetic compatibility cable with a separate common for inputs and
compliance is maintained, ferrite filters should be outputs. Insulation must withstand a minimum of
fitted to all input/output IOEX cables. A suitable 150 V DC.
type of ferrite is specified in Appendix H - (page Separate the CAPM - IOEX cable from input/
167). output wiring as much as possible.
LV Auxiliary Where LV mains are connected to the control when surge currents are flowing.Fit additional LV
Power from cubicle to provide auxiliary power the connection surge arresters to all the other LV phases (if they
Mains must connect the neutral of the LV system to a exist), to balance the supply for other users
tee-off from the main earth bond as shown in connected to the LV system.
Figure 37 (page 100).An LV surge arrester must
also be fitted from the LV phase connection to this If local conditions or wiring rules prohibit bonding
tee-off. the HV and LV systems in this way, providing the
This connection scheme bonds the LV and HV auxiliary supply to the control cubicle from the LV
earths and so protects the primary insulation of the mains system is not possible. Instead, use one of
auxiliary supply transformer in the control cubicle the alternative arrangements detailed below.
LV Auxiliary Figure 32 (page 94) shows wiring and earthing if Figure 37 (page 100) shows that the transformer
Power from a dedicated transformer is supplied by the utility. and any steelwork is earthed to the switchgear
Dedicated Note that this should not be used to supply any tank and that one side of the transformer
Utility other equipment without consulting the secondary is earthed to the earth stud on the
Transformer manufacturer to ensure that no hazard is caused equipment panel inside the control cubicle.
to the control cubicle electronics.
Auxiliary Power The manufacturer can provide a dedicated voltage connect the transformer secondary remove the
from Integrated transformer which connects directly into the SCEM compartment cover plate, pass the cable
Transformer control electronics. This is called an Integrated which is pre-fitted with a cable gland through the
Auxiliary Supply. hole, secure the gland, connect the auxiliary
supply to the screw terminal block on the SCEM
An external transformer is mounted on the power
and replace the compartment cover.
pole as shown in Figure 38 (page 101) which also
shows suggested HV connections. The secondary No additional earthing for Integrated Auxiliary
of the external transformer connects into the Supply is required in addition to the common
SCEM on the underside of the circuit breaker. To earthing shown in Figure 37 (page 100).
94
Installation
Do not earth the integrated auxiliary supply
transformer secondary.
Transformer If the circuit breaker application involves switching Check with the manufacturer representative if
Switching unloaded transformers, ensure that the system further advice is required.
configuration is not prone to repetitive re-strike.
95
U-Series
96
Installation
97
U-Series
98
Installation
99
U-Series
100
Installation
101
U-Series
102
Maintenance
20 Maintenance
Maintenance is carried out using standard
electricians and mechanics tools.
Circuit No user maintenance of the circuit breaker contact life in any phase approaches zero, the
Breaker mechanism is required. circuit breaker is worn out.
Maintenance The circuit breaker should be returned to the Every five years the bushings should be checked,
manufacturer for refurbishment if the mechanical cleaned if necessary and the pointer checked to
duty or breaking duty is exceeded. This is checked ensure it is free from mechanical obstructions. In
by examining the remaining contact life on the areas of high atmospheric pollution more frequent
Operator Control Panel. When the remaining cleaning may be appropriate.
Control Cubicle Check for excessive dirt on the cubicle, particularly Ensure the louvres are not blocked and that air
Cleaning the roof, and clean off. vents and water drainage holes in the base are
open.
Battery Battery replacement is recommended after a Turn off the battery circuit breaker.
Replacement period of five years. See "Battery Care" -
page 103. Unplug batteries and replace with new
batteries.
The procedure is:
Turn on the battery circuit breaker and ensure
Caution that Battery Normal status, is restored on
Ensure that battery polarity is correct.
SYSTEM STATUS-SWITCHGEAR STATUS
Protection and Bypass the circuit breaker and carry out primary Alternatively use a Test and Training Set to
Operation injection testing to check circuit breaker protection perform secondary injection. The Test and
Check and operation. Training Set manual gives procedures for in-
service and bypassed testing of both the control
cubicle and the circuit breaker.
Battery Care The battery is predicted to provide good Batteries should be cycled prior to putting into
performance for the recommended five year service if they have not been cycled within
service period. This is based on the battery three months. When shipped by the
manufacturer's data. No battery warranty is given manufacturer the batteries will have been
by the manufacturer. In some environments, an cycled within the previous 30 days.
exceptionally high control cubicle temperature can If the batteries become exhausted in service
mean a shorter battery replacement period. and are left for more than two weeks without
Consult the manufacturer if you suspect your auxiliary supply being restored to the control
environment to be excessively hot. cubicle they should be taken out, cycled and
Once in service, batteries need little care. have their capacity checked before being
Procedures for storage and other contingencies returned to service.
are as follows: To cycle a battery, discharge with a 10 Ohm 15
Batteries should be stored at a temperature of Watt resistor to a terminal voltage of 10V. Next,
between -10qC to 30qC and cycled every six recharge it with a voltage regulated DC supply set
months. Batteries should be stored for a to 13.8V. A 3A current limited supply is
maximum of one year. appropriate.
103
U-Series
Battery type is given in Appendix H (page 139). before connecting or disconnecting the batteries in
More information on the battery care is available the cubicle. Never leave flying leads connected to
from the battery manufacturer. the battery.
Caution
These batteries are capable of supplying very high
currents. Always turn off the battery circuit breaker
Fault Finding If there is a problem it may be explained in If a Test and Training Set is not available then use
"Abnormal Operating Conditions" - page 105. If the circuit breaker check suggested below and
not, the fault must be traced as follows. employ substitution techniques to determine
Faults can only arise in one of the following: where the fault lies:
Control Cable The control cable is a one-to-one cable. This All pins should show a one-to-one connection less
Check means a direct end-to-end test of all the than 0.2 Ohms with no shorts between pins.
connections in the control cable can be made with
a DMM set to resistance.
Circuit Breaker Connections to the circuit breaker are available on The procedure is to test the resistance between
Check the underside of the circuit breaker and/or on the the pins on the control cable.
control cable connector where it plugs into P1 on
the Control Cable Entry Module (CCEM) at the Caution
bottom of the control cubicle. Some (but not all) of Do not apply any tests to the circuit breaker other
these connections can be simply tested with a than those shown in the following table
hand held DMM. This can show up some circuit
breaker faults with a simple test.
21 to 11 Resistance Auxiliary travel switch, closed < 5 Ohm when circuit breaker is
indicates the circuit breaker is tripped.
tripped >100kOhm when circuit breaker is
closed
22 to 11 Resistance Auxiliary travel switch, closed < 5 Ohm when circuit breaker is
indicates the circuit breaker is closed.
closed >100kOhm when circuit breaker is
tripped
104
Maintenance
Control Cubicle Fault finding within the control cubicle involves problems (Aux Supply Fail and/or Battery
Check determining whether the fault lies in the electronic OFF) which can be traced and rectified.
modules, the wiring or elsewhere. The electronic
If the display indicates switchgear
modules are user replaceable items. Other faults
disconnected or if there are operating
require the equipment panel or the control cubicle
problems then the control cable and the CCEM
to be returned to the factory. Appendix I (page
should be inspected and replaced as required.
141) gives the control cubicle wiring schematics to
assist in re-assembly of the control cubicle wiring. If the microprocessor running LED is not
blinking, the most likely problem is loss of
A suggested fault finding approach is as follows: power. Check the presence of battery voltage
on the battery circuit breaker and the presence
If the microprocessor running LED on the of aux supply on the aux supply circuit breaker
operator panel is blinking then the CAPM and rectify as required.
micro and the Operator Panel Sub-system
(OPS) microprocessor are running. If the If power supply is present then attempt to go
operator display does not operate there is a on-line with WSOS to determine whether the
problem with the display itself and the OPS CAPM is functioning correctly. Replace the
should be replaced. CAPM or Operator Panel Sub-system as
required.
If the display is operating, check the
If this does not rectify the problem then the
SYSTEM STATUS-SWITCHGEAR STATUS
equipment panel should be returned for factory
page for an indication of any power supply repair.
Replacement Electronic modules are user replaceable as the inch spacer underneath the board with a
of Electronic detailed below. These modules can be damaged spanner and remove the four M4 screws.
Modules by static electricity, water, dirt and mishandling. The electronics compartment houses the Control
Therefore replacement should only be carried out and Protection Module (CAPM) and the trip and
in a suitable place such as in a workshop and close capacitors. The compartment cover itself
carried out by competent personnel. forms part of the Operator Panel Subsystem
(OPS). For access to these parts refer CAPM
Access to the Control Cable Entry Module Replacement Procedure in the service manual.
(CCEM) is by removing its cover plate held in See Appendix I (page 141) for control cubicle
place by fixing screws. To remove the CCEM, hold wiring schematics.
Fitting or For models fitted with a control cubicle heater, compartment and is set to +15qC for correct
Replacing Figure 47 (page 149) shows the wiring. The operation.
Heater thermostat is located inside the electronics
Abnormal The operation of the capacitor charging inverter following features are used to protect the controller
Operating can be affected under abnormal conditions such in this situation while still allowing the circuit
Conditions as when the battery capacity is very low. The breaker to keep operating.
Low Power When the batteries are nearly exhausted, the be recharged quickly enough. Operator close and
Mode controller will change its capacitor charging mode trip operations can be performed, but at a longer
from normal to low power. In low power mode the time interval than normal. If an operator trip or
controller takes longer to charge the capacitors close request is denied, a Cap Chrg event will be
and the radio supply is shut down. A Low Power logged.
Mode event is logged whenever this happens.
To return to normal power mode, either replace
When a trip occurs in low power mode, the the batteries or re-establish the auxiliary supply for
recloser will go to lockout if the capacitors cannot a minimum of 15 minutes.
105
U-Series
Excess Close During testing it is possible to carry out so many When this happens the inverter shuts down for 5
Operations trip/close operations that the capacitor charging minutes and a Cap Excess Closes event is
inverter shuts itself down before it overheats. It logged. During this time all trip/close requests will
takes more than 20 operations within a minute to be denied.
do this and is not going to happen while in service
(it only happens during excessive testing).
106
Appendix A IEC255 Inverse Time Protection Tables
The Inverse time protection curves in this appendi- Type B - Very Inverse, for which equation is:
ces are as defined by IEC255 standard where I is Time to Trip = 13.5 / (I-1)
the actual current expressed as a multiple of the Type C - Extremely Inverse, for which equation
trip current set by the user: is:Time to Trip = 80 / (I2 - 1)
Type A - Inverse, for which equation is:Time to Tables for the times to trip for each of these curves
Trip = 0.14 / (I 0.02 - 1) are given below.
Setting Current Multiple Inverse Time Very Inverse Time (secs) Extremely Inverse Time
(secs) (secs)
107
U-Series
Setting Current Multiple Inverse Time Very Inverse Time (secs) Extremely Inverse Time
(secs) (secs)
108
Appendix B IEEE Inverse Time Protection Tables
The Inverse time protection curves in this appendi- Std Very inverse, for which equation is:
ces are as defined by IEEE Std C37.112-1996 Time to Trip = (19.61 / (I2 - 1)) + 0.491
standard where I is the actual current expressed Std Extremely Inverse, for which equation is:
as a multiple of the trip current set by the user: Time to Trip = (28.2 / (I2 - 1)) + 0.1217
Std Moderately inverse, for which equation Tables for the times to trip for each of these curves
is:Time to Trip = (0.0515 / (I 0.02 - 1)) + 0.114 are given below.
Setting Current Multiple Std Moderately Inverse Std Very Inverse Time Std Extremely Inverse
Time (secs) (secs) Time (secs)
109
U-Series
Setting Current Multiple Std Moderately Inverse Std Very Inverse Time Std Extremely Inverse
Time (secs) (secs) Time (secs)
110
Appendix C Non-Standard Inverse Time Protection Curves
The 42 Inverse time protection curves in this
appendix are non-standard inverse curves.
Tables for the times to trip for each of these curves
are given below.
Setting TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC
Multiple 010 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 111
Current
1.10 0.145 0.100 0.214 0.301 0.445 0.705 1.015 1.218 2.589
1.50 0.100 0.036 0.065 0.128 0.252 0.351 0.396 0.597 1.121
2.00 0.080 0.022 0.028 0.075 0.155 0.232 0.203 0.291 0.651
2.50 0.069 0.019 0.022 0.052 0.107 0.171 0.117 0.159 0.443
3.00 0.060 0.017 0.019 0.040 0.067 0.137 0.073 0.095 0.325
3.50 0.056 0.016 0.017 0.033 0.040 0.113 0.046 0.055 0.250
4.00 0.053 0.016 0.016 0.029 0.028 0.097 0.030 0.034 0.201
4.50 0.050 0.015 0.016 0.025 0.022 0.085 0.022 0.024 0.169
5.00 0.048 0.015 0.016 0.022 0.019 0.076 0.019 0.020 0.146
5.50 0.046 0.015 0.016 0.020 0.017 0.068 0.016 0.017 0.127
6.00 0.045 0.015 0.016 0.019 0.016 0.059 0.015 0.016 0.113
6.50 0.044 0.015 0.016 0.018 0.015 0.053 0.013 0.015 0.101
7.00 0.043 0.015 0.016 0.017 0.014 0.048 0.013 0.014 0.091
7.50 0.042 0.015 0.016 0.016 0.013 0.043 0.012 0.013 0.083
8.00 0.041 0.015 0.016 0.016 0.012 0.038 0.011 0.013 0.076
8.50 0.041 0.015 0.016 0.015 0.012 0.033 0.011 0.013 0.069
9.00 0.040 0.015 0.016 0.015 0.011 0.030 0.011 0.012 0.063
9.50 0.040 0.015 0.016 0.015 0.011 0.027 0.011 0.012 0.057
10.00 0.039 0.015 0.016 0.015 0.011 0.025 0.011 0.012 0.053
10.50 0.039 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.024 0.011 0.012 0.049
11.00 0.039 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.022 0.011 0.011 0.045
11.50 0.039 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.021 0.011 0.011 0.041
12.00 0.038 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.020 0.011 0.011 0.038
12.50 0.038 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.019 0.011 0.011 0.036
13.00 0.038 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.018 0.011 0.011 0.033
13.50 0.037 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.017 0.011 0.011 0.031
14.00 0.037 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.016 0.011 0.011 0.030
14.50 0.037 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.016 0.011 0.011 0.029
15.00 0.037 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.015 0.011 0.011 0.027
15.50 0.037 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.015 0.011 0.011 0.026
16.00 0.036 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.014 0.011 0.011 0.025
16.50 0.036 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.014 0.011 0.011 0.024
17.00 0.036 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.014 0.011 0.011 0.023
17.50 0.036 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.014 0.011 0.011 0.023
18.00 0.035 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.013 0.011 0.011 0.022
18.50 0.035 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.013 0.011 0.011 0.022
19.00 0.035 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.013 0.011 0.011 0.021
19.50 0.035 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.013 0.011 0.011 0.021
20.00 0.035 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.012 0.011 0.011 0.020
20.50 0.035 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.012 0.011 0.011 0.020
111
U-Series
Setting TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC
Multiple 010 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 111
Current
21.00 0.035 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.012 0.011 0.011 0.019
21.50 0.035 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.012 0.011 0.011 0.019
22.00 0.035 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.012 0.011 0.011 0.019
22.50 0.035 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.012 0.011 0.011 0.018
23.00 0.035 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.012 0.011 0.011 0.018
23.50 0.035 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.012 0.011 0.011 0.018
24.00 0.035 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.012 0.011 0.011 0.017
24.50 0.035 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.012 0.011 0.011 0.017
25.00 0.035 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.012 0.011 0.011 0.017
25.50 0.035 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.017
26.00 0.035 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.016
26.50 0.035 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.016
27.00 0.035 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.016
27.50 0.035 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.016
28.00 0.035 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.016
28.50 0.035 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.016
29.00 0.035 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.016
29.50 0.035 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.016
30.00 0.035 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.016
112
Setting TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC
Multiple 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
Current
1.10 2.415 2.954 6.054 4.692 5.752 5.396 6.949 6.401 9.354
1.50 1.024 1.264 2.376 1.792 2.301 2.291 2.511 2.505 3.755
2.00 0.563 0.704 1.398 0.726 1.216 1.396 1.248 1.518 2.013
2.50 0.356 0.467 0.952 0.374 0.748 0.920 0.754 1.145 1.302
3.00 0.257 0.358 0.699 0.219 0.499 0.649 0.523 0.940 0.925
3.50 0.198 0.293 0.532 0.141 0.351 0.489 0.384 0.809 0.696
4.00 0.158 0.259 0.420 0.096 0.259 0.391 0.295 0.716 0.549
4.50 0.132 0.233 0.334 0.067 0.200 0.321 0.234 0.652 0.462
5.00 0.113 0.215 0.261 0.049 0.159 0.270 0.193 0.602 0.398
5.50 0.099 0.203 0.206 0.038 0.129 0.231 0.162 0.572 0.348
6.00 0.088 0.196 0.164 0.030 0.107 0.200 0.139 0.549 0.311
6.50 0.079 0.189 0.127 0.025 0.090 0.176 0.121 0.529 0.281
7.00 0.073 0.185 0.098 0.021 0.078 0.156 0.107 0.512 0.257
7.50 0.068 0.182 0.076 0.019 0.068 0.140 0.096 0.499 0.236
8.00 0.063 0.180 0.053 0.018 0.060 0.126 0.087 0.487 0.220
8.50 0.059 0.179 0.038 0.017 0.053 0.115 0.078 0.477 0.207
9.00 0.056 0.177 0.032 0.016 0.048 0.105 0.071 0.468 0.195
9.50 0.053 0.176 0.028 0.015 0.043 0.097 0.066 0.461 0.185
10.00 0.050 0.175 0.025 0.014 0.039 0.089 0.060 0.455 0.175
10.50 0.048 0.174 0.024 0.014 0.036 0.083 0.056 0.452 0.167
11.00 0.046 0.174 0.022 0.014 0.034 0.078 0.051 0.448 0.161
11.50 0.044 0.173 0.021 0.014 0.031 0.073 0.048 0.445 0.155
12.00 0.043 0.172 0.020 0.014 0.029 0.068 0.045 0.441 0.150
12.50 0.041 0.172 0.019 0.014 0.027 0.064 0.042 0.439 0.145
13.00 0.040 0.172 0.018 0.014 0.026 0.059 0.040 0.436 0.141
13.50 0.039 0.171 0.018 0.014 0.024 0.055 0.037 0.434 0.137
14.00 0.038 0.171 0.017 0.014 0.023 0.052 0.035 0.432 0.134
14.50 0.037 0.171 0.017 0.014 0.022 0.048 0.034 0.431 0.130
15.00 0.036 0.170 0.016 0.014 0.020 0.044 0.032 0.429 0.128
15.50 0.035 0.170 0.016 0.014 0.019 0.041 0.031 0.429 0.126
16.00 0.034 0.170 0.016 0.014 0.019 0.039 0.030 0.428 0.124
16.50 0.033 0.170 0.015 0.014 0.018 0.037 0.029 0.427 0.122
17.00 0.032 0.169 0.015 0.014 0.017 0.035 0.028 0.427 0.121
17.50 0.032 0.169 0.015 0.014 0.016 0.033 0.026 0.426 0.119
18.00 0.031 0.169 0.014 0.014 0.016 0.031 0.025 0.426 0.117
18.50 0.031 0.169 0.014 0.014 0.015 0.030 0.025 0.425 0.115
19.00 0.030 0.168 0.014 0.014 0.015 0.029 0.024 0.425 0.114
19.50 0.030 0.168 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.028 0.023 0.424 0.113
20.00 0.029 0.168 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.027 0.022 0.424 0.111
20.50 0.029 0.168 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.026 0.022 0.423 0.110
21.00 0.028 0.167 0.013 0.014 0.013 0.026 0.021 0.423 0.109
21.50 0.028 0.167 0.013 0.014 0.013 0.025 0.020 0.422 0.108
22.00 0.028 0.167 0.013 0.014 0.013 0.025 0.020 0.422 0.106
22.50 0.027 0.167 0.013 0.014 0.013 0.024 0.019 0.422 0.105
23.00 0.027 0.167 0.013 0.014 0.012 0.024 0.019 0.421 0.104
23.50 0.027 0.166 0.013 0.014 0.012 0.023 0.019 0.421 0.103
113
U-Series
Setting TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC
Multiple 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
Current
24.00 0.026 0.166 0.013 0.014 0.012 0.023 0.018 0.421 0.102
24.50 0.026 0.166 0.013 0.014 0.012 0.023 0.018 0.421 0.102
25.00 0.026 0.166 0.012 0.014 0.012 0.022 0.018 0.421 0.101
25.50 0.026 0.166 0.012 0.014 0.012 0.022 0.017 0.421 0.100
26.00 0.026 0.166 0.012 0.014 0.012 0.021 0.017 0.421 0.099
26.50 0.025 0.166 0.012 0.014 0.011 0.021 0.017 0.421 0.098
27.00 0.025 0.166 0.012 0.014 0.011 0.021 0.017 0.421 0.098
27.50 0.025 0.166 0.012 0.014 0.011 0.020 0.016 0.421 0.097
28.00 0.025 0.166 0.012 0.014 0.011 0.020 0.016 0.421 0.096
28.50 0.025 0.166 0.012 0.014 0.011 0.020 0.016 0.421 0.096
29.00 0.025 0.166 0.012 0.014 0.011 0.020 0.016 0.421 0.095
29.50 0.025 0.166 0.012 0.014 0.011 0.020 0.016 0.421 0.095
30.00 0.025 0.166 0.012 0.014 0.011 0.020 0.016 0.421 0.095
114
Setting TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC
Multiple 121 122 131 132 133 134 135 136 137
Current
1.10 8.877 8.219 10.610 13.732 13.716 11.367 13.660 15.655 19.198
1.50 1.145 4.430 8.306 4.460 5.602 4.790 6.369 4.658 10.162
2.00 0.019 2.616 7.106 2.586 3.020 2.387 3.677 2.781 6.495
2.50 0.014 1.689 6.425 1.571 1.920 1.507 2.566 1.884 4.756
3.00 0.012 1.102 6.101 1.002 1.329 1.079 1.969 1.339 3.667
3.50 0.011 0.653 5.901 0.722 0.973 0.847 1.616 1.024 2.933
4.00 0.011 0.347 5.730 0.552 0.754 0.698 1.367 0.833 2.416
4.50 0.011 0.114 5.624 0.438 0.613 0.617 1.197 0.686 2.006
5.00 0.011 0.037 5.537 0.353 0.511 0.553 1.072 0.550 1.694
5.50 0.011 0.022 5.460 0.287 0.432 0.508 0.974 0.448 1.464
6.00 0.011 0.019 5.398 0.236 0.371 0.484 0.900 0.367 1.287
6.50 0.011 0.017 5.359 0.198 0.323 0.463 0.849 0.304 1.155
7.00 0.011 0.016 5.334 0.169 0.284 0.446 0.805 0.252 1.062
7.50 0.011 0.015 5.312 0.146 0.253 0.436 0.767 0.210 0.990
8.00 0.011 0.014 5.290 0.127 0.227 0.432 0.735 0.172 0.928
8.50 0.011 0.013 5.269 0.110 0.205 0.427 0.711 0.142 0.873
9.00 0.011 0.013 5.251 0.097 0.186 0.423 0.689 0.116 0.824
9.50 0.011 0.012 5.233 0.086 0.170 0.419 0.670 0.087 0.786
10.00 0.011 0.012 5.216 0.077 0.157 0.416 0.651 0.064 0.753
10.50 0.011 0.012 5.210 0.070 0.146 0.415 0.635 0.049 0.730
11.00 0.011 0.011 5.208 0.064 0.137 0.415 0.619 0.038 0.714
11.50 0.011 0.011 5.208 0.058 0.128 0.415 0.607 0.032 0.699
12.00 0.011 0.011 5.208 0.053 0.121 0.415 0.599 0.029 0.685
12.50 0.011 0.011 5.208 0.049 0.115 0.415 0.591 0.026 0.671
13.00 0.011 0.011 5.208 0.046 0.109 0.415 0.584 0.024 0.662
13.50 0.011 0.011 5.208 0.043 0.103 0.415 0.577 0.022 0.653
14.00 0.011 0.011 5.208 0.040 0.098 0.415 0.571 0.021 0.645
14.50 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.037 0.093 0.415 0.566 0.020 0.640
15.00 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.035 0.089 0.415 0.561 0.019 0.635
15.50 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.033 0.085 0.415 0.556 0.018 0.629
16.00 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.032 0.082 0.415 0.553 0.017 0.626
16.50 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.030 0.078 0.415 0.551 0.017 0.622
17.00 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.029 0.076 0.415 0.549 0.017 0.619
17.50 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.027 0.074 0.415 0.548 0.016 0.616
18.00 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.026 0.072 0.415 0.546 0.016 0.614
18.50 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.025 0.070 0.415 0.544 0.015 0.612
19.00 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.023 0.068 0.415 0.543 0.015 0.610
19.50 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.023 0.066 0.415 0.541 0.015 0.608
20.00 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.022 0.065 0.415 0.539 0.015 0.606
20.50 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.022 0.063 0.415 0.538 0.015 0.605
21.00 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.021 0.061 0.415 0.537 0.015 0.603
21.50 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.021 0.060 0.415 0.535 0.015 0.602
22.00 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.020 0.058 0.415 0.534 0.015 0.602
22.50 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.020 0.057 0.415 0.533 0.015 0.602
23.00 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.019 0.056 0.415 0.531 0.015 0.602
23.50 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.019 0.054 0.415 0.530 0.015 0.602
115
U-Series
Setting TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC
Multiple 121 122 131 132 133 134 135 136 137
Current
24.00 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.018 0.054 0.415 0.529 0.015 0.602
24.50 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.018 0.053 0.415 0.528 0.015 0.602
25.00 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.018 0.052 0.415 0.528 0.015 0.602
25.50 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.018 0.051 0.415 0.528 0.015 0.602
26.00 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.017 0.051 0.415 0.528 0.015 0.602
26.50 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.017 0.050 0.415 0.528 0.015 0.602
27.00 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.017 0.049 0.415 0.528 0.015 0.602
27.50 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.017 0.049 0.415 0.528 0.015 0.602
28.00 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.017 0.048 0.415 0.528 0.015 0.602
28.50 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.017 0.047 0.415 0.528 0.015 0.602
29.00 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.017 0.047 0.415 0.528 0.015 0.602
29.50 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.017 0.046 0.415 0.528 0.015 0.602
30.00 0.011 0.011 5.207 0.017 0.046 0.415 0.528 0.015 0.602
116
Setting TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC
Multiple 138 139 140 141 142 151 152 161 162
Current
1.10 20.647 15.250 25.082 19.763 36.299 38.923 72.701 19.879 27.549
1.50 9.741 5.097 10.141 15.227 16.543 11.551 45.263 3.860 8.109
2.00 5.905 2.889 5.802 13.159 9.181 5.848 39.251 1.688 3.793
2.50 4.115 1.943 4.122 12.159 5.868 3.688 36.458 1.002 2.331
3.00 3.117 1.446 3.254 11.511 3.711 2.545 35.035 0.686 1.570
3.50 2.493 1.139 2.708 11.095 2.372 1.888 33.905 0.494 1.117
4.00 1.949 0.929 2.323 10.860 1.507 1.489 32.987 0.371 0.819
4.50 1.583 0.776 2.057 10.655 1.101 1.244 32.235 0.299 0.615
5.00 1.299 0.661 1.857 10.486 0.849 1.068 31.587 0.248 0.486
5.50 1.085 0.564 1.695 10.419 0.701 0.973 31.014 0.209 0.394
6.00 0.925 0.486 1.590 10.383 0.595 0.894 30.568 0.180 0.325
6.50 0.802 0.423 1.506 10.351 0.511 0.828 30.234 0.158 0.274
7.00 0.703 0.373 1.434 10.321 0.445 0.773 29.955 0.140 0.235
7.50 0.625 0.332 1.372 10.293 0.391 0.728 29.690 0.126 0.206
8.00 0.561 0.297 1.315 10.267 0.346 0.687 29.441 0.114 0.182
8.50 0.508 0.268 1.268 10.243 0.310 0.652 29.226 0.105 0.162
9.00 0.462 0.242 1.226 10.220 0.279 0.622 29.021 0.097 0.145
9.50 0.422 0.221 1.197 10.199 0.253 0.600 28.880 0.091 0.130
10.00 0.388 0.202 1.168 10.180 0.231 0.579 28.768 0.085 0.117
10.50 0.360 0.185 1.144 10.175 0.211 0.565 28.661 0.079 0.106
11.00 0.337 0.171 1.119 10.175 0.194 0.551 28.564 0.075 0.097
11.50 0.315 0.158 1.098 10.175 0.179 0.539 28.463 0.071 0.089
12.00 0.297 0.146 1.079 10.175 0.166 0.529 28.376 0.067 0.082
12.50 0.280 0.135 1.060 10.175 0.154 0.518 28.290 0.064 0.076
13.00 0.265 0.126 1.053 10.175 0.144 0.514 28.201 0.061 0.071
13.50 0.253 0.117 1.046 10.175 0.132 0.509 28.135 0.059 0.067
14.00 0.242 0.110 1.038 10.175 0.121 0.504 28.068 0.057 0.063
14.50 0.232 0.103 1.032 10.175 0.112 0.499 27.998 0.054 0.060
15.00 0.224 0.096 1.026 10.175 0.103 0.495 27.971 0.052 0.056
15.50 0.216 0.090 1.020 10.175 0.095 0.491 27.955 0.051 0.053
16.00 0.208 0.085 1.014 10.175 0.088 0.487 27.939 0.049 0.050
16.50 0.201 0.080 1.009 10.175 0.081 0.485 27.924 0.047 0.048
17.00 0.195 0.074 1.003 10.175 0.076 0.482 27.910 0.046 0.045
17.50 0.190 0.070 0.998 10.175 0.070 0.479 27.897 0.045 0.042
18.00 0.184 0.065 0.996 10.175 0.066 0.477 27.883 0.043 0.040
18.50 0.197 0.062 0.995 10.175 0.062 0.475 27.869 0.043 0.038
19.00 0.175 0.058 0.994 10.175 0.059 0.472 27.857 0.042 0.036
19.50 0.171 0.055 0.993 10.175 0.056 0.470 27.845 0.041 0.034
20.00 0.168 0.051 0.992 10.175 0.053 0.469 27.833 0.040 0.033
20.50 0.154 0.049 0.991 10.175 0.050 0.468 27.821 0.040 0.031
21.00 0.161 0.046 0.990 10.175 0.048 0.468 27.809 0.039 0.030
21.50 0.158 0.043 0.990 10.175 0.046 0.468 27.799 0.038 0.029
22.00 0.155 0.041 0.989 10.175 0.045 0.467 27.788 0.038 0.028
22.50 0.152 0.039 0.988 10.175 0.043 0.467 27.777 0.037 0.027
23.00 0.149 0.037 0.988 10.175 0.042 0.467 27.766 0.036 0.026
23.50 0.146 0.035 0.987 10.175 0.040 0.467 27.757 0.036 0.026
117
U-Series
Setting TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC
Multiple 138 139 140 141 142 151 152 161 162
Current
24.00 0.144 0.033 0.986 10.175 0.039 0.466 27.751 0.035 0.025
24.50 0.142 0.031 0.986 10.175 0.038 0.466 27.746 0.035 0.024
25.00 0.140 0.030 0.985 10.175 0.037 0.466 27.740 0.034 0.024
25.50 0.137 0.028 0.985 10.175 0.037 0.466 27.735 0.033 0.023
26.00 0.135 0.027 0.985 10.175 0.036 0.465 27.729 0.033 0.023
26.50 0.134 0.026 0.985 10.175 0.035 0.465 27.725 0.033 0.022
27.00 0.133 0.025 0.984 10.175 0.034 0.465 27.722 0.032 0.022
27.50 0.132 0.024 0.984 10.175 0.034 0.464 27.720 0.032 0.021
28.00 0.131 0.023 0.984 10.175 0.033 0.464 27.717 0.031 0.021
28.50 0.131 0.022 0.984 10.175 0.033 0.464 27.714 0.031 0.020
29.00 0.130 0.022 0.984 10.175 0.032 0.464 27.711 0.031 0.020
29.50 0.129 0.021 0.984 10.175 0.032 0.464 27.709 0.031 0.020
30.00 0.129 0.021 0.984 10.175 0.032 0.464 27.709 0.031 0.020
118
Setting TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC TCC
Multiple 163 164 165 200 201 202
Current
119
U-Series
120
Appendix D System Status Pages
This appendix shows all the System Status group all the possible text displays are shown, one below
of pages on the Operator Control Panel display. the other. For example, in the table overleaf for the
See Section 6 (page 23) to Section 9 page
(page 37) for more information on the data.
SYSTEM STATUS - OPERATOR SETTINGS
The top line of the display is the page title. To the
right of the title is a letter, these have significance the first data field can be either:
as follows: LOCAL CONTROL ON, or
S System Status Display Group
Remote Control ON
The letters in the small columns to the right of
P Protection Display Group each display text column indicate the type of data
displayed. These have significance as follows2
M Measurement Display Group
O Operator Controlled
The next three lines are the data on display. Most
displays have six data fields. These lines are D Display Only (i.e. cannot be changed)
shown in the following tables.
P Password Protected (i.e. can only be changed if the
Typical or default values are shown in the tables. password is known)
For example Reclose Time 0.5 sec is shown for
the reclose time setting. When the user views dis- R Operator Controlled Reset (i.e. resets a field or group
of fields)
play it would show the actual setting, e.g. Reclose
Time 3.0 sec.1
Where the display field can have alternative text
(e.g. SEF Protection ON or SEF Protection OFF)
Fault Flags
Trip Flags
TRIP FLAGS S
Pickup Flags
PICKUP FLAGS S
121
U-Series
Operator
Settings 1 OPERATOR SETTINGS 1 S
Reclose 3 .
a. If {SYSTEM STATUS-OPTIONS 1:Prot OFF Not Allowed} is configured then this option is not shown.
b. Navigation of this field starts with Protection Auto (when configured) to minimise key presses.
c. If {SYSTEN STATUS-OPTIONS 1:APGS Not Allowed} is configured then this option is not shown.
d. One of ten different Protection Groups (A-J) can be active. Foe example, if Protection Group D is active the display will
read {Prot D Active}.
Operator
settings 2 OPERATOR SETTINGS 2 S
Switchgear
Status
SWITCHGEAR STATUS S
122
Live/Dead
Indication
LIVE/DEAD INDICATION S
Ai Live D Ax Live D
AiDead Ax Dead
Bi Live D Bx Live D
Bi Dead Bx Dead
Ci Live D Cx Live D
Ci Dead Cx Dead
Phase Voltage
and Power
PHASE VOLTAGE and POWER FLOW S
Flow
LIVE if > 2000V P Supply Timeout 4.0s P
Switchgear
Terminal
SWITCHGEAR TERMINAL DESIGNATION S
Designation
I /X Terminals A Phasea P
a. The phase designations can be rotated from this field by pressing the arrow key (ABC, ACB, BAC, BCA, CAB, CBA)
Radio and
Time Set
RADIO and TIME SET S
Switchgear
Type and
Ratings SWITCHGEAR TYPE and RATINGS S
123
U-Series
Switchgear
Wear/General
SWITCHGEAR WEAR/GENERAL DETAILS S
Details
I Contact 75.6% D CAPM S/N NP-101234 D
Capability
CAPABILITYa S
Options 1
OPTIONS 1 S
Options 2
OPTIONS 2 S
a. Default setting.
b. Only displayed when Loop Automation is made available.
Options 3
OPTIONS 3 S
124
Quick Key Map
selection
QUICK KEY MAP SELECTION S
WSOS Port P8
Comms
WSOS Port P8 Communications S
P8 Not Available D
Offline
Dialling
Online
WSOS Port P9
Comms
WSOS Port P9 Communications S
a. The default may not be LOCAL if the CAPM database is configured differently.
IOEX Status
IOEX Status S
Inputs 1 * 12 D Local P
Remote
125
U-Series
Generator
Control
Generator Control S
GenCtrl OFF O
GenCtrl ON
126
Appendix E Protection Pages
This appendix shows all the Protection Group of appendix. See Section 9 (page 37) for more
pages on the Operator Control Panel display. information on protection operation.
Appendix D (page 121) explains the format of this
Protection
Setting 1 (A-J) PROTECTION SETTING 1 (A J) P
Copy # Incompleteb
Copy ALL Incomplete
a. Use Select key to scroll through the options. When either the Menu or Enter key is pressed, the copy is performed
and the field defaults to the Copy OFF display.
b. Advises failure of the copy system.
Protection
Setting 2 (A-J) PROTECTION SETTING 2 (A J) P
Protection
Setting 3 (A-J) PROTECTION SETTING 3 (A J) P
a. In order for this function to work correctly, the unit must be programmed with the correct Power Flow direction
Protection
Setting 4 (A-J) PROTECTION SETTING 4 (A J) P
127
U-Series
Protection
Setting 5 (A-J) PROTECTION SETTING 5 (A J) P
Directional
Blocking 1 DIRECTIONAL BLOCKING 1a P
a. The Directional Blocking pages are not displayed if {SYSTEM STATUS OPTIONS 2: DIRB Not Available} IS SET.
Directional
Blocking 2 DIRECTIONAL BLOCKING 2a P
a. The Directional Blocking pages are not displayed if {SYSTEM STATUS OPTIONS 2: DIRB Not Available} IS SET.
Directional
Blocking 3 DIRECTIONAL BLOCKING 3a P
a. The Directional Blocking pages are not displayed if {SYSTEM STATUS OPTIONS 2: DIRB Not Available} IS SET.
Under/Over
Frequency UNDER / OVER FREQUENCY PROTECTION 1a (A - J) P
128
Under/Over
Frequency UNDER / OVER FREQUENCY PROTECTION 2a (A - J) P
Phase
Protection Trip PHASE PROTECTION TRIP NUMBER 1, 2, 3, 4 (A J) P
Phase Single
Shot PHASE SINGLE SHOT PROTECTION TRIP (A J) P
No Instantaneous P
Instant Mult x 1.0
Phase Work
Tag Protection PHASE WORK TAG PROTECTION TRIP (A J) P
No Instantaneous P
Instant Mult x 1.0
129
U-Series
Earth
Protection Trip EARTH PROTECTION TRIP NUMBER 1, 2, 3, 4 (A J) P
Earth Single
Shot EARTH SINGLE SHOT PROTECTION TRIP (A J) P
Earth Work
Tag Protection EARTH WORK TAG PROTECTION TRIP (A J) P
NPS
Protection Trip NPS PROTECTION TRIP NUMBER 1, 2, 3, 4 (A J) P
No Instantaneous P
Instant Mult x 1.0
130
NPS Single
Shot NPS SINGLE SHOT PROTECTION TRIP (A-J) P
No Instantaneous P
Instant Mult x 1.0
No Instantaneous P
Instant Mult x 1.0
131
U-Series
132
Appendix F Measurement Pages
This appendix shows the Measurement Group of Appendix D (page 121) explains the format of this
pages on the Operator Control Panel display. appendix.
See Section 12 (page 67) for more information on
measurement functionality.
Instantaneous
Demand INSTANTANEOUS DEMAND M
System
Measurements SYSTEM MEASUREMENTS M
133
U-Series
Supply
Outages SUPPLY OUTAGES M
Monthly
Maximum MONTHLY MAXIMUM DEMAND M
Weekly
Maximum WEEKLY MAXIMUM DEMAND M
Average
Demand AVERAGE DEMAND M
134
Appendix G List of Events
The following table lists the events that can appear
in the Event Log, in alphabetical order.
A/B/C Phase LOST Loss of supply has occurred on this phase. See "Protection" - page 37 .
A Max NN Amp Following pickup of the overcurrent protection element on A, B or C phase, the maximum fault current
B Max NN Amp recorded was NN Amps. This event is logged only after the current has fallen back below the phase setting
C Max NN Amp current. See "Overcurrent Protection" - page 41 and "Protection Generated Events" - page 65.
ACR Open On power up and switch re-connection the circuit breaker is either open or closed.
ACR Closed
Automatic Reclose The circuit breaker was automatically re-closed following a protection trip. See "Auto-Reclose" - page 50 and
"Protection Generated Events" - page 65.
Auto Reclose OFF Auto Reclose has been turned OFF by a local or remote operator.
Auto Reclose ON Auto Reclose has been turned ON by a local or remote operator.
Aux Supply Fail The auxiliary power supply has failed. See "Tropical, Moderate and Temperate Versions" - page 19 .
Aux Supply Normal The auxiliary power supply has become normal. See "Auxiliary Power Source" - page 20 .
Battery Low Volts The battery voltage is below the low battery threshold.
Battery Overvolt The battery voltage is too high. This will only occur if there is a battery charger hardware failure.a
Cap Chrg status Logged if a trip/close request is denied due to a capacitor inverter problem. Where status is the current status
of the inverter, for example Cap Chrg Resting. See "Abnormal Operating Conditions" - page 105 .
Cap failure mode Trip and/or close capacitors did not charge correctly. Where failure mode, is the cause of the failure. For
a.
example, CAP Excess Closes. See "Abnormal Operating Conditions" - page 105
Capmload Reset The electronic controller has been reset by the Loader.
Close Blocking ON The circuit breaker is prevented from closing. See "Inputs - Standard Mapping" - page 84 .
Close Blocking OFF Close blocking has been disabled. The circuit breaker will now close when requested. See "Inputs - Standard
Mapping" - page 84 .
Close Coil Connect The Close solenoid isolate switch on the operator control panel was changed to the Enable/Isolate position.
Close Coil Isolate See Section 7 (page 27)
Close Disabled This event is generated when the Close Isolate switch on a remote operator panel is set to Isolated or OFF. In
this condition closing is disabled in the software but the Close coil is not electrically isolated.
Close Enabled This event is generated when the Close Isolate switch on a remote operator panel is set to Enabled or ON. In
this condition the software close disable is removed.
Current >= 5000A The circuit breaker tripped with a current above the High Current Lockout setting whilst the High Current
Lockout was effective, the event shows the value of setting at the time the event occurred. See "High Current
Lockout" - page 51 .
Denied Wrong Mode When the switch is in a different mode (Local, Remote or Work Tag Applied) to the device which attempted
the close. See Section 8 (page 33).
E Max NN Amp Following pickup of the overcurrent protection element on earth or SEF, the maximum fault current recorded
was NN Amps. This event is logged only after the current has fallen back below the earth setting current. See
Section 9 (page 37)
Earth Prot OFF Earth fault protection has been turned OFF by a local or remote operator.
Earth Prot ON Earth fault Protection has been turned ON by a local or remote operator.
Earth Prot Trip A protection trip was generated by the Earth overcurrent protection element. See Section 9 (page 37) and
See "Protection Generated Events" - page 65 .
Earth Dir Arm An earth protection pickup occurs and tripping is enabled in the faulted direction. The trip can take place as
normal. See Section 10 (page 57).
This event only occurs when Directional Blocking is ON.
Earth Dir Block An earth protection pickup occurs but tripping is blocked in the faulted direction. The circuit breaker will not
trip. See Section 10 (page 57).
This event only occurs when Directional Blocking is ON.
135
U-Series
Earth Low Vo Arm An earth protection pickup occurs and tripping is enabled because the residual voltage (Vo) is less than the
user-specified level and Low Vo blocking is OFF. The trip can take place as normal. See Section 10 (page 57).
This event only occurs when Directional Blocking is ON.
Earth Low Vo Block An earth protection pickup occurs and tripping is blocked because the residual voltage (Vo) is less than the
user-specified level and Low Vo blocking is ON. The circuit breaker will not trip. See Section 10 (page 57).
This event only occurs when Directional Blocking is ON.
GenCtrl Trip Req Generator control opening recloser in preparation for starting the generator.
GenCtrl Close Req Generator control closing recloser to restore line supply.
Hit and Run Off End of Hit and Run request countdown, or timeout.
IOEX InputXX On IOEX Input XX has changed from the Off state to the On state (where XX is from 01 to 12).
IOEX InputXX Off IOEX Input XX has changed from the On state to the Off state (where XX is from 01 to 12).
IOEX OutputXX On IOEX Output XX has changed from the Off state to the On state (where XX is from 01 to 08).
IOEX OutputXX Off IOEX Output XX has changed from the On state to the Off state (where XX is from 01 to 08).
Live Load Blocking A close request was disregarded due to a load side terminal being alive. See page 50.
Load out 59 m 59 s The circuit breaker load terminals experienced a supply outage up to 59 minutes 59 seconds.
Load out 99 h 59 m The circuit breaker load terminals experienced a supply outage up to 99 hours 59 minutes.
Load out 9999 h The circuit breaker load terminals experienced a supply outage >100 hours. See Section 13 (page 71).
Load Supply OFF/ON All three load side voltages are OFF/ON. See "Loss of Supply Events" - page 65 .
Loader: Close Iso The close/trip isolate needs to be activated to allow a new program to be transferred to the controller.
Loader: Trip Iso
LOCAL CONTROL ON A local operator has put the controller in local mode.
Lockout The protection went to lockout and will not perform any more automatic recloses, See "Lockout Conditions" -
page 51 and "Protection Generated Events" - page 65.
LOP Prot Alarm A LOP has occurred but LOP tripping is disallowed.
Loss Of Phase Prot A protection trip was generated by the Loss Of Phase protection. See "Loss Of Phase Protection" - page 47 .
Low Power Mode If the power supply voltage reduces below a threshold for a certain time, the radio supply is turned off
immediately. The recloser will still operate but will go to lockout if the capacitors cannot be charged quickly
enough. See "Abnormal Operating Conditions" - page 105 .
Mechanical Trip Circuit breaker was tripped using the manual mechanical trip lever.
Mechanism Fail a.
The circuit breaker has failed to close or trip electrically.
Normal Freq Close The Source frequency has returned to normal and a Close request has been issued.
(CAPM 5 only)
Normal Power Mode If the power supply voltage returns to normal then the power mode will return to normal after 15 min. See
"Abnormal Operating Conditions" - page 105 .
NP-xxxxxx Connected Circuit breaker with serial number xxxxxx has been connected.
NPS Prot Trip x The recloser has tripped on Negative Sequence Protection.
NPS 80 A The maximum Negative Sequence Current recorded while protection was picked up was 80 A.
NPS Prot Alarm Negative Sequence Current has exceeded the pickup setting for the user-specified time.
New SCEM Data New SCEM data was written to the SCEM.
Outages ON The operator (local or remote) has turned ON or OFF the supply outage measurement functions. See Section
Outages OFF 13 (page 71).
Outages Reset The operator (local or remote) has reset the four outage counters. See Section 13 (page 71).
Over Freq Pickup The Source frequency has been equal to or above the Over Frequency trip threshold.
(CAPM 5 only)
Over Freq Reset The Source frequency has fallen to equal or above the Over Frequency trip threshold plus the dead band.
(CAPM 5 only)
Over Freq Trip The Source frequency has been equal to or above the Over Frequency threshold for the Trip Delay count and
(CAPM 5 only) a trip request has been issued.
136
Event Text Explanation
Phase Dir Arm A phase overcurrent pickup occurs and tripping is enabled in the faulted direction. The trip can take place as
normal. See Section 10 (page 57).
This event only occurs when Directional Blocking is ON.
Phase Dir Block A phase overcurrent pickup occurs but tripping is blocked in the faulted direction. The circuit breaker will not
trip. See Section 10 (page 57).
This event only occurs when Directional Blocking is ON.
Phase Low V Arm A phase protection pickup occurs and tripping is enabled because the voltage on all three phases (V) is less
than 500 V and Low V blocking is OFF. The trip takes place as normal. See Section 10 (page 57).
This event only occurs when Directional Blocking is ON.
Phase Low V Block A phase protection pickup occurs and tripping is blocked because the voltage on all three phases (V) is less
than 500 V and Low V blocking is ON. The circuit breaker does not trip. See Section 10 (page 57).
This event only occurs when Directional Blocking is ON.
Phase Prot Trip A protection trip was generated by the Phase overcurrent protection element. See "Overcurrent Protection" -
page 41 and See "Protection Generated Events" - page 65 .
Phasing order The Terminal Designation has been changed where order is one of the following ABC, ACB, BAC, BCA,
CAB, CBA. See "Switchgear Terminal Designation" - page 67 .
Pickup One of the protection elements picked up (phase, earth or SEF). This event is generated by the first element
to pick up, if more elements pick up subsequently then no more pickup events are generated until all the
elements have reset. See Section 9 (page 37) and "Protection Generated Events" - page 65.
Power Up The electronics just had power applied or had a power up reset or watchdog reset. The time displayed will be
approximately the time that power down occurred plus 1 sec.
Protection OFF All of the protection features have been turned off. The circuit breaker will only perform a manual trip or close.
See "Protection OFF and Pickup Flags" - page 39 .
Protection ON Protection has been turned back on. See "Protection OFF and Pickup Flags" - page 39 .
Prot Group A J Active Protection group A J is active. Written to event whenever the active groups change or a trip occurs. See
"Protection Settings and Protection Groups" - page 40 .
P9 Baud xxxxx The operator has altered the baud rate of P9, via the panel or WSOS, to be the value shown. Where xxxxx is
one of 19200, 9600, 2400 or 1200.
P9 Mode yyyyy The operator has altered P9s mode, via the panel or WSOS, to be that shown. Where yyyyy is either Local or
Remote.
QKx <function> Quick Key X has been mapped to the function. Thus pressing this Quick Key will now allow alteration of the
<function> setting. Eg. QK1 Local/Remoteb
Remote Control ON A local operator has put the controller in remote mode.
SCEM Type type The control cable has been connected to a different type of SCEM where type can be SCEM 9, 93C46 or
Unknown.
SEF Dir Arm A SEF pickup occurs and tripping is enabled in the faulted direction. The trip can take place as normal. See
Section 10 (page 57).
This event only occurs when Directional Blocking is ON.
SEF Dir Block A SEF pickup occurs but tripping is blocked in the faulted direction. The circuit breaker will not trip. See
Section 10 (page 57).
This event only occurs when Directional Blocking is ON.
SEF Low Vo Arm A SEF protection pickup occurs and tripping is enabled because the residual voltage (Vo) is less than the
user-specified level and Low Vo blocking is OFF. The trip can take place as normal. See Section 10 (page 57).
This event only occurs when Directional Blocking is ON.
SEF Low Vo Block A SEF protection pickup occurs and tripping is blocked because the residual voltage (Vo) is less than the
user-specified level and Low Vo blocking is ON. The circuit breaker will not trip. See Section 10 (page 57).
This event only occurs when Directional Blocking is ON.
SEF Prot Trip A protection trip was generated by the SEF overcurrent protection element. See "Overcurrent Protection" -
page 41 and "Protection Generated Events" - page 65.
SEF Prot OFF SEF protection has been turned OFF by a local or remote operator.
SEF Prot ON SEF protection has been turned ON by a local or remote operator.
Sequence Reset The sequence reset timer has expired. This causes the protection relay to reset to the start of the circuit
breaker sequence for the next fault. See "Sequence Reset" - page 51 and "Protection Generated Events" -
page 65.
137
U-Series
Sequence Advance When sequence control is ON this event is generated when the sequence counter is advanced due to a
downstream fault which did not cause a protection trip. See "Sequence Reset" - page 51 .
Single Shot A trip occurred whilst in Single Shot Mode. See "Single Shot Mode" - page 51 .
Source out 59 m 59 s The circuit breaker source terminals experienced a supply outage up to 59 minutes 59 seconds.
Source out 99 h 59 m The circuit breaker source terminals experienced a supply outage up to 99 hours 59 minutes.
Source out 9999 h The circuit breaker source terminals experienced a supply outage >100 hours. See Section 13 (page 71).
Source Dead Circuit breaker cannot close due to operation of Dead Lockout.
Source I/ Load X The operator (local or remote) has changed the power flow direction. Refer Section (page).
Source X/ Load I
Source Supply OFF/ON All three source side voltages are OFF/ON. See "Typical Event Log Displays" - page 66 .
Source Trip Req A trip/close request was issued from the source. Where source can be one of, Panel, WSOS, IOEX, Protocol,
Source Close Req etc.
Panel = Operator Control Panel.
WSOS = Windows Switchgear Operating System
IOEX = Input Output Expander Card.
Protocol = This is a communications protocol such as DNP3.
Trip Coil Connect The Trip solenoid isolate switch on the operator control panel was changed to the Enable/Isolate position. See
Trip Coil Isolate Section 7 (page 27).
Trip Disabled This event is generated when the Trip Isolate switch on a remote operator panel is set to Isolated or OFF. In
this condition tripping is disabled in the software but the trip coil is not electrically isolated.
Trip Enabled This event is generated when the Trip Isolate switch on a remote operator panel is set to Enabled or ON. In
this condition the software trip disable is removed.
Under Freq Pickup The Source frequency has been equal to or below the Under Frequency trip threshold.
(CAPM 5 only)
Under Freq Reset The Source frequency has risen to equal or above the Under Frequency trip threshold.
(CAPM 5 only)
Under Freq Trip The Source frequency has been equal to or below the Under Frequency threshold for the Trip Delay count
(CAPM 5 only) and a trip request has been issued.
I contact < 20% Less than 20% contact life remaining in the I-X, II-XX or III-XXX vacuum interrupter. See "Circuit Breaker" -
II contact < 20% page 5
III contact < 20%
Vo 99999V This event is generated to record the value of the residual voltage (Vo) at the time of the maximum earth or
SEF current. See Section 10 (page 57).
This event only occurs when Directional Blocking is ON.
Work Tag A trip occurred whilst the Work Tag was applied.
Work Tag Applied The Work Tag has been applied/turned off. See Section 8 (page 33)
Work Tag OFF
Wrong Switch No n This version of software and the connected switch type are incompatible. n is the switchgear type. The
controller will have to be loaded with the correct software.
a. If this event occurs the equipment may require maintenance. Contact the manufacturer or Distributor for advice.
b. This event will be logged if the Quick Key configuration is changed via the panel or WSOS.
138
Appendix H Replaceable Parts & Tools
All replacement parts listed in the following table
are available from the manufacturer, special pur-
pose tools are also listed.
Control Cubicle:
Tropical version PTCC-TRO
Moderate version PTCC-MOD
Temperate version PTCC-TEM
139
U-Series
140
Appendix I Control Cubicle Schematics
141
U-Series
142
Figure 41: Control cubicle - main loom connection
143
U-Series
144
Figure 43: Control cubicle - Single LV aux power supply
145
U-Series
146
Figure 45: Control cubicle - Dual low voltage auxiliary supply -110/240 Volts
147
U-Series
148
Figure 47: Control cubicle - Heater/thermostat connection
149
U-Series
150
Appendix J Dimensions
Circuit
Breaker
Centre
Mounting
Bracket
151
U-Series
End Mounting
Bracket
Radio
Mounting
Space
152
PTCC
153
U-Series
154
Appendix K External CVT Optional Accessory
Purpose Although voltage measurement on the I-Side ter- built into the I-Side terminal bushings. Other appli-
minals is a standard feature of the U Series circuit cations, such as Loop Automation, can be opti-
breakers, X-Side terminal voltage measurement is mised by using the CVT27X to measure the X-
not included. Voltage measurement at the I-Side Side terminal voltages.
terminal is provided by means of internal CVT's
Integration It is a simple task to integrate the CVT27X into an After installation, the CVT27X calibration software
into Existing existing installation and no changes are required is used once to calibrate the external CVT's using
to either the circuit breaker or the control cubicle, the internal CVT's as the reference.
System to enable the load side voltage measurement.
Reference Technical Manual No: N00-425 is supplied with before commencing installation or system recon-
Material each CVT order. This manual should be fully read figuration.
155
U-Series
156
INDEX
A Pickup ......................................................... 53
Abnormal operating conditions ......................... 105 Protection ..................................................... 52
Quick Key ..................................................... 54
ACR
Time ....................................................53, 128
Closed ....................................................... 135
Opened ...................................................... 135 Communications
External ....................................................... 79
and ................................................................... 77
Interfaces ..................................................... 79
Auto Reclose ..................................................... 50
WSOS Port P8 ............................................ 124
Auto Reclose ON/OFF ...............................38, 122
Computer port ................................................... 21
Automatic Protection Group selection ................. 55
Configurable Baud Rate ..................................... 80
Automatic Reclose ........................................... 135
Configurable IOEX ............................................. 85
Aux supply ...................................................... 122
Configurable Quick Keys .................................... 29
Fail ............................................................ 135
Configuration Number .......................................... 3
Normal ....................................................... 135
OK .............................................................. 85 Configuring Average Demand ............................ 70
Auxiliary power Connections into electronics compartment .......... 81
Control cubicle options .................................... 20 Construction and Operation ................................ 15
From integral transformer ................................. 94 Contact Life ....................................................... 16
From mains ................................................... 94 Contact life ...................................................... 138
Source ......................................................... 20 Greater than 20% on all phases ........................ 85
Averaged Data displays ..................................... 70 Contents of crate ............................................... 89
B Control & Protection Module ............................... 23
Battery ............................................105, 135, 139 Control and protection module
Care .......................................................... 103 (CAPM 4) ................................................... 139
Replacement ............................................... 103 (CAPM) ...................................................... 105
Supply OK .................................................... 85 Control cable ............................................. 89, 139
Battery loomControl cubicle ............................ 142 Check ........................................................ 104
Connection ................................................... 89
C
Service drawing ........................................... 150
Cable entry ....................................................... 20 Control Cable Entry Module ............................... 23
Cables
Control cable entry module (CCEM) .................. 105
Personalised ................................................. 79 Control cubicle ........................................ 139, 141
Replacement ............................................... 105 Battery loom ................................................ 142
Capability ........................................................ 124
Check ........................................................ 105
Declaration ..................................................... 3
Cleaning ..................................................... 103
Capacitor charging inverter .............................. 105 Construction .................................................. 19
Capacitors ......................................................... 23 Control cable service drawing ......................... 150
CAPM Electronics OK ........................................ 85 Dual LV aux power ...............................147, 148
CCEM ............................................................... 23 Heater ....................................................... 139
Centre mounting and dimensions ........................ 96 Heater/thermostat connection ......................... 149
Changing Integrated plus LV aux power supply ................ 146
Protection settings .......................................... 40 Main loom connection ................................... 143
Characteristic angle ........................................... 57 Maintenance ............................................... 103
Check Schematics ................................................. 141
Circuit breaker ............................................. 104 Single integrated aux power supply .................. 144
Control cable ............................................... 104 Single LV aux power supply ........................... 145
Control cubicle ............................................. 105 Control cubicle entry module (CCEM) ............... 139
Circuit breaker Control System Block Diagram ........................... 25
Check ........................................................ 104 Controller
Maintenance ............................................... 103 Mode ........................................................... 33
Circuit Breaker memory ..................................... 16 Controller Version ................................................ 3
Cleaning ......................................................... 103 CT .................................................................... 67
Close Blocking Current injection point ........................................ 20
OFF .......................................................... 135 Currents in each phase averaged over the period 70
ON ............................................................ 135 CVT .................................................................. 67
Close Coil D
Connect ..................................................... 135 Date and time of the end of the averaging period . 70
Isolate ................................................135, 138
Dead Lockout .................................................... 51
Cold Load
Definite Time ..................................................... 41
Multiplier ...................................................... 53
Definite Time protection ..................................... 47
OFF .......................................................... 128
ON ............................................................ 128 Definition of Local / Remote user ........................ 33
Denied Wrong Mode ........................................ 135
157
U-Series
Detection Std C37.112 curves ........................................ 44
Generated Events .......................................... 65 Inactive group ................................................... 41
Directional blocking ........................................... 57 Input Output Expander (IOEX) Card ................... 83
Status .......................................................... 60 Inputs ............................................................... 84
Disconnected .................................................. 135 Inrush
Display groups .................................................. 29 Current ........................................................ 52
Display Page Organisation ................................. 31 Multiplier ...................................................... 53
Dual LV aux power .................................. 147, 148 ON/OFF ..................................................... 128
E Restraint ...................................................... 52
Time ......................................................... 128
E/F OFF Allowed/Not Allowed .................... 40, 124
Installation ........................................................ 89
Earth fault ......................................................... 38
Instantaneous ................................................... 45
Control ......................................................... 40
Multiplier ...................................................... 43
Earth prot
Only .................................................. 130, 131
Trip ........................................................... 135 Protection ..................................................... 46
Earth protection trip number 1,2,3,4 (AJ) . 130, 131 Trip ............................................................. 43
Earth Residual Voltage Balancing ....................... 59 Integrated
Earth/SEF Directional protection ......................... 58 Auxiliary supply ............................................. 94
Electronics compartment .................................... 81 HV supply .................................................... 20
Equipment panel ............................................... 19 Integrated plus LV aux power supply ................ 146
Equipment Versions Covered by this Manual ........ 3 Interactions between curve parameters ............... 45
Event Inverse ........................................................... 107
Log ............................................................. 65 Inverse Time ..................................................... 42
Events ............................................................ 136 Inverse Time protection ..................................... 42
Excess Close Operations ................................. 106 Inverse Time protection curves ................... 42, 111
External communications ................................... 79 IOEX
Extremely Inverse .................................... 107, 109 Card ............................................................ 83
F Status ........................................................ 125
Fail to Operate Under Protection ........................ 56 L
Fast Trip Input Module ....................................... 88 Liquid Crystal Display ........................................ 28
Fault Live Load blocking ............................. 50, 127, 136
Finding ...................................................... 104 Live Terminal Threshold .................................... 50
Flags ........................................................... 37 Live/Dead indication .................................. 68, 123
Regions ....................................................... 57 Load Supply OFF/ON ...................................... 136
Fault flags Local
Resetting ...................................................... 38 Control .......................................................... 8
Feed-through or bulkhead type arrester .............. 93 ON 122
Ferrite filters .................................................... 139 Mode ..................................................... 33, 84
Fitting or replacing heater ................................ 105 Local/Remote
Forward Fault .................................................... 57 Control ........................................................ 38
Frequency Mode ........................................................... 33
Protection ..................................................... 47 Lockout ............................................ 51, 122, 136
G Loop Automation ............................................... 75
Gas discharge surge arrester ............................. 93 LOP ................................................................. 47
Generator Control ...................................... 77, 136 Loss of Diversity ................................................ 53
Configuration ................................................ 77 Loss of Phase protection ........................... 47, 136
Operation ..................................................... 77 Loss of Supply
Group AJ ........................................................ 40 Events ......................................................... 65
Group Copy ...................................................... 41 Low Power mode ............................................ 105
H LV
Heater ............................................................ 105 Supplies ....................................................... 20
Heater/thermostat connection .......................... 149 Surge arrester ............................................... 94
Heaterfitting or replacing ................................ 105 LV auxiliary supply
Connection ................................................... 94
High Current Lockout .........................51, 127, 135
From dedicated utility transformer ..................... 94
Hit and Run ....................................................... 33
HV Line supply .................................................. 20 M
HV Termination ................................................. 97 Main earth bond ................................................ 93
Main loom connection ...................................... 143
I
Maintenance ................................................... 103
IEC255
Manual Operation Set ................................ 88, 139
Curves ......................................................... 44
Inverse Time Protection tables ........................ 107 Manual trip ........................................................ 51
IEEE Maximum Time ........................................... 44, 45
Inverse Time Protection tables ........................ 109 Mechanical Close ............................................ 136
158
INDEX
Mechanical trip ..........................................51, 136 OFF .......................................................... 137
Mechanism OK. ................................................. 85 ON ............................................................ 137
Menu key .......................................................... 28 Options ...................................................... 124
Minimum Time ................................................... 43 Pages ........................................................ 127
Setting 1 (AJ) ............................................. 127
Moderate version ............................................... 19
Setting 2 (A J) ............................................ 127
Moderately Inverse .......................................... 109
Setting 3 (AJ) ............................................. 127
Monthly Maximum ............................................. 69 Setting 4 (AJ) ............................................. 127
Mounting and earthing ....................................... 20 Setting 5 (AJ) ............................................. 128
Multiple groups of protection settings .................. 40 Trip Counter .................................................. 50
N Protection and Operation check ........................ 103
Negative Phase Sequence Protection ................. 39 Protection settings ............................................. 41
Non-standard curves .......................................... 44 Protocol Reset ................................................. 137
Non-standard Inverse Time protection curves .... 111 Q
Normal Frequency ............................................. 48 Quick Key Selection ........................................... 30
Normal Power mode ........................................ 136 R
Nuisance tripping ............................................... 57 Radio and IOEX .............................................. 123
O Radio cable ..................................................... 139
Operational Cold Load Multiplier ......................... 53 Radio holdup time .............................................. 81
Operational Cold Load Time ............................... 53 Radio/Modem
Operator Control Panel ...................................... 27 Power ..........................................81, 123, 137
Operator Panel Subsystem ................................ 23 Real Power (kW) ...................................68, 69, 70
Operator Panel subsystem ............................... 139 Real Time Displays ............................................ 68
Operator settings .......................................38, 122 Reclose Time .................................................... 50
Optically isolated input contacts .......................... 83 Related Documents ............................................. 4
Outputs ............................................................. 85 Remote
Over Frequency trip ........................................... 47 Control Panel ................................................ 88
Overcurrent protection ....................................... 41 Mode ........................................................... 33
P Operator control ............................................. 79
P8 .................................................................... 80 Remote Control ON ......................................... 122
Panel ON/OFF ............................................27, 28 Remote Panel ................................................... 33
Parts and tools ................................................ 139 Replacement of cables .................................... 105
Parts required .................................................... 91 Replacement of electronic modules .................. 105
Password protection .......................................... 30 Resetting
Fault flags ..................................................... 38
Peak averaging period ....................................... 69
Trip flags ...................................................... 38
Personalised cables ........................................... 79
Residual Voltage ............................................... 59
Phase
Reverse Fault .................................................... 57
Directional protection ...................................... 57
Prot Trip ..................................................... 137 RS232 interface .......................................... 79, 80
Prot trip number 1,2,3,4 (AJ) .................129, 130 S
Rotation ..................................................... 137 SAIDI ................................................................ 71
Threshold Multiplier ........................................ 44 SAIFI ................................................................ 71
Voltage ...................................................... 123 SCEM Data ....................................................... 85
Pickup ......................................................41, 137 Sealing and condensation .................................. 19
Power Down .................................................... 137 Secondary Injection Test Set .............................. 87
Power Factor (PF) .................................68, 69, 70 SEF .......................................................... 47, 124
Power Flow direction ............................55, 67, 123 Counter ........................................................ 55
Power System measurements ............................ 67 Prot trip ...................................................... 137
Power Up ........................................................ 137 Residual Voltage Indication .............................. 59
Press to Talk (PTT) ............................................ 79 Select key ......................................................... 28
Primary injection testing ................................... 103 Selecting displays .............................................. 28
Prot group Selection rules ................................................... 56
AJ Active .................................................. 137 Sensitive earth fault ........................................... 38
Prot OFF control .............................................. 124 Control ......................................................... 39
Protection ......................................................... 37 Protection ..................................................... 41
Auto ............................................................ 55 Sequence
Curves ......................................................... 44 Advance ..................................................... 138
Elements ..............................................37, 137 Control ....................................................... 127
Groups ......................................................... 40 Coordination ................................................. 55
Of radio equipment ......................................... 93 Reset ...................................................51, 138
159
U-Series
Setting current ............................................. 41, 42 Vacuum Interrupter ................................ 1, 16, 138
Single integrated aux power supply .................. 144 Very Inverse ........................................... 107, 109
Single LV aux power supply ............................. 145 Voltage free output contacts ............................... 83
Single Shot ..................................................... 138 Voltage on line side terminals ............................. 68
Active ........................................................ 122 W
Mode ........................................................... 51 Weekly Maximum .............................................. 69
Site installation .................................................. 91 Windows Switchgear Operating System (WSOS) 65,
Site procedure ................................................... 91 87, ................................................................. 139
Software Work Tag ....................................33, 84, 122, 138
Capability ....................................................... 3 WSOS Port P8 communications ....................... 124
Software Capability ............................................. 3
Software Identification ......................................... 3
Software Version ................................................. 3
Source Supply OFF/ON ................................... 138
Standard Event Types ..................................... 135
Startup message ............................................... 28
Supply Outages ................................................ 71
Display ...................................................... 134
Measurement ................................................ 71
Supply Timeout ............................................... 123
Surge arresters
LV ............................................................... 94
Mounting and terminating ................................ 92
Switchgear
Cable Entry ................................................. 139
Status ........................................................ 122
Terminal Designation ...................................... 67
Terminal designation .................................... 123
Type and ratings .......................................... 123
Wear/general details ..................................... 124
System
Average Interruption Duration Index ................... 71
Average Interruption Frequency Index ................ 71
Healthy indicator ............................................ 85
Status displays .............................................. 29
Status pages ............................................... 121
T
Temperate version ............................................ 19
Test and Training Set ........................87, 103, 139
Testing & configuring ......................................... 90
Threshold Current ............................................. 45
Threshold Current Multiplier ...................41, 46, 53
Time Multiplier ......................................... 130, 131
Time to Trip ...................................................... 42
Tools required ................................................... 91
Transformer switching ....................................... 95
Transport to site ................................................ 90
Trip Coil
Connect ..................................................... 138
Isolate ............................................... 135, 138
Trip flags........................................................... 37
Resetting...................................................... 38
Tropical version ................................................. 19
U
Under / Over Frequency display ....................... 128
Under/Over Frequency Protection(CAPM5) ......... 47
Unpacking & checking ....................................... 89
Updating the Event Log ..................................... 65
User Defined curves .......................................... 44
V
V23 FSK modem ............................................... 79
V23 interface ..................................................... 79
160
Schneider Electric Nu-Lec Industries As standards, specifications and designs change from time to
Industries SA 35-37 South Street time, please ask for confirmation of the information given in this
Lytton, 4178 publication.
Queensland
Australia
e-mail: sales@nulec.com.au
U05-151
http://www.nulec.com.au
17 Apr 2003