HOT HUMID CLIMATE

In hot humid climatic regions ,high temperature are accompanied by very high humidity levels
leading to immense discomfort.

maximum temperature 27c -32c

minimum temperature 21c-27c, in summer .

In winter , little seasonal variations both annual and diurnal ranges of temperature is very narrow.

Humidity remains high around 75% but varies from 55%-100%.

Precipitation
2000 to 5000 mm of rainfall

Wind
low wind velocities strong wind with rapid rain.

Solar radiations
the intensity of solar radiations is high during summer and moderate during winter.

Areas having hot humid climate

Goa
Chennai
Mumbai
Gulf of kutchh
Vishakhapattinam
Kolkata
Orissa
Tripura

Requirements of hot humid climate

Minimization of the high day temperature .

Avoidance of direct exposure of facades to solar radiation.

Reducing humidity level .

Continuous air circulation to reduce heat and relief from stickiness.

 To create a temperature difference between inside and outside environment to facilitate
evaporation and heat dissipation.

DESIGN FOR HOT HUMID CLIMATE

open for cross ventilation

Provided with verandas

Open living areas

Steps to high set house.

Main verandas on windward side.

vegetation gives shade from western sun but does not block the breeze.

Why Chennai has hot humid climate ?

Places that are close to sea or oceans have a humid climate as there is large amount of water
vapour in the air.
what happens is land and Water dont get heated at same rate.
Land get heated faster so it radiates the energy , that heat the air above the land, as a result air
above the land gets heated faster than the air above water bodies.
Now hot air is lighter so it moves up and surrounding air above the sea rushes to take its place
which has lots of water vapour in it. This is the reason for humidity.

Other REASON FOR CHENNAI CLIMATE

The geographical location determines the weather and climate in Chennai.

The close proximity to the sea and the thermal equator makes the climate and weather in Chennai
relatively consistent with less variation in the seasonal temperature.

The weather in Chennai is mostly hot and humid.

RECOMMENDATION FOR DESIGN IN HT AND HUMID CLIMATE

IN SITE
In case of sloped site , the building should be located on windward side to take advantage of
cool breeze.
STREETS

Streets should be oriented parallel to or within 30 of prevailing wind direction during summer
month to encourage ventilation in hot and humid climate.

A north south direction is ideal from the point of view of blocking solar radiation.

The width of the street should be such that the intense soar radiation during late morning and
early afternoon is avoided during summer.

OPEN SPACES AND BUILT FORM

Buildings should be spread out with large open spaces in between for unrestricted air movement.

In cities , building on slits can promotes ventilation and cause cooling at the ground level .

In addition to providing shelter from rain and heat ,the form of roof should be planned to promote
air flow.

Vents at the rooftop effectively induce ventilation and draw hot air out.

ROOF
 WALLS

The walls must also be designed to promote air flow so as to counter the prevalent humidity.

Baffle walls, both inside and outside the building can help to divert the flow of wind inside.

OPENING

The openings should be shaded by external overhangs.

Outlets at higher levels serve to vent hot air.