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Chemical cleaning of equipment and piping networks, performed to clear all metal surfaces of chemical or
physical pollution (inclusions, fatty matter, welding waste, pitting, slag and sand, oxides, etc.) liable to affect
installation or contaminate the fluids conveyed.
It involves:
o conservation procedures.
The treatments may be performed for carbon steels, stainless steels, copper and aluminium alloys.
The treatments must be suited to the grades, size and geometry of the items treated.
Pickling is a metal surface treatment used to remove impurities, such as stains, inorganic contaminants, rust or
scale from ferrous metals, copper, and aluminum alloys. A solution called pickle liquor, which contains strong
acids, is used to remove the surface impurities. It is commonly used to descale or clean steel in various
steelmaking processes.
o Pickling is metal surface cleaning process from scales or corrosion product using acid solution.
o Pickling process involve inhibitor to protect base metal from acid solution using.
Example pickling application:
o Material Name: Duplex Stainless Steel, equipments: Cup brush (CAS-31 Stainless Steel Wire), paint brush, nikko
o Material Name: SS 304 , inhibitor : Quinoline (C9H7N), pickling solution (Larutan pickling) : HCl
Passivation, in physical chemistry and engineering, refers to a material becoming passive, that is, being less
affected by environmental factors such as air and water. Passivation involves a shielding outer-layer of base
material, which can be applied as a microcoating, or which occurs spontaneously in nature. As a technique,
passivation is the use of a light coat of a protective material, such as metal oxide, to create a shell against
corrosion. The technique of passivation is used to strengthen and preserve the appearance of metallics.
Notes:
o The term passivation is commonly applied to several distinctly different operations or processes relating to stainless
steels. In order to avoid ambiguity in the setting of requirements, it may be necessary for the purchaser to define
o The pipework requiring chemical cleaning will be indicated on the Piping and Instrument Diagrams and Piping
o Any pipe fittings or other components that are removed prior to cleaning should be carefully inspected for
o Temporary piping shall be installed as necessary to complete the piping systems being cleaned.
o Exposed threads and machined surfaces shall be masked and protected from the pickling chemicals.
The products recommended by the EPCI CONTRACTOR must satisfy the Client (COMPANY) requirements and
any additional requirements concerning safety of personnel and equipment and protection of the environment.
StainClean has an extraordinary good adhesive capacity and can be applied on vertical surfaces and ceilings
without any risk of running or drying.
Stainclean Green pickling paste is a pickling paste with an entirely new formula. The paste is virtually free from
formation of toxic, nitric gases.
Types
TASETO NEWBRIGHT #300E High adhesion coating type
Welding if well inerted should not produce surface state which would require further pickling and passivation.
o Degreasing is generally not necessary except if the quantity of grease is too important and cannot be removed by
hand.
o Passivation, If required, passivation shall be carried out as per ASTM A 967 in an oxidizing (nitric) medium
o Final Rinsing shall be carried out with clean water and hosepipe
o Blowing, drain all low points if any, and dry the network with compressed air to remove water traces.
o Oil flushing,
grinder and a smooth transition to the unpolished base material surface shall be made. The final surface roughness,
o Pickling and passivation using liquids: Pickling and passivation shall be carried out in accordance with Client
Requirements/specifications.
o Pickling and passivation using pastes: Pickling and passivation using pastes shall only be used on the outside of
piping or equipment. Pastes shall be specifically produced for the purpose of oxidation removal and shall contain
no halogens. Any residuals of such pastes shall be removed after cleaning by washing with copious quantities of
fresh water. Such pastes shall be used in accordance with the recommendations of the paste supplier.
Prior to start the pickling activity, the area shall be barricaded and ensure all personnel involved shall wear the
proper PPE as per the MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheets).
They must wear some safety equipment such as gloves, boots, aprons, and goggles.
Safety procedure and equipments shall be established in case of splitting: on skin or in the eyes.
o During cleaning: If chemical cleaning is carried out, the cleaning solution shall be tested for inhibitor effectiveness
o Inspection after cleaning: Visual inspection shall be made at all accessible points to assess the degree of cleanliness
achieved. Lube oil, seal oil and control oil systems shall be inspected as noted in API Std 614.
Inspections and Acceptance shall be carried out in the presence of a representative of the Client / OWNER.
Acceptance checks
Acceptance checks shall be based on Cleanliness tests, Passivity or decontamination tests and Inhibition
effectiveness inspection.
o Visual tests
o Ferricyanide test
o Visual examination: The surface must be totally free of corrosion products and foreign bodies.
o Wood lamp test: The test must not reveal the presence of fatty matter.
o White rag test: In the case of stainless steels alloys, the rag must remain clean.
o Water film test: Any discontinuity in the film caused by the presence of fatty matter shall be unacceptable.
o Ferricyanide test: No blue colouration should appear on the surface being examined within 15 seconds of
application.
o Corrosion: The inhibition inspection is based on observation of the surface condition of a coupon placed inside the
o Steel wool pad: The inhibition inspection is based on immersing a pad of steel wool in the medium. Salting out of
After pickling cleaning, Companys representative and/or inspector shall examine and declare free any visible
deposits of oils, grease, or other contaminants on the surface. If any of them are present, pickling cleaning shall
be re-performed.
Upon acceptance of pickling, the pipes/line shall be protected by plastic wrapping to avoid further contamination.
ENVIRONMENTAL: Waste products
Pickling sludge is the waste product from pickling, and includes acidic rinse waters, iron chlorides, and metallic
salts and waste acid. Spent pickle liquor is considered a hazardous waste by the EPA. Pickle sludge from steel
processes is usually neutralized with lime and disposed of in a landfill. After neutralization the EPA no longer
deems it a hazardous waste. The lime neutralization process raises the pH of the spent acid. The waste material
is subject to a waste determination to ensure no characteristic or listed waste is present.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA or sometimes USEPA) is an agency of the U.S.
federal government which was created for the purpose of protecting human health and the environment by writing
and enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress. The EPA was proposed by President Richard
Nixon and began operation on December 2, 1970, after Nixon signed an executive order. The EPA has its
headquarters in Washington, D.C., regional offices for each of the agencys ten regions, and 27 laboratories. The
agency conducts environmental assessment, research, and education.
The treatment and/or disposal of waste products shall be the responsibility of the CONTRACTOR with all due
respect for current regulations.
DOCUMENTATION:
o MSDS
o http://digilib.its.ac.id/pengaruh-konsentrasi-inhibitor-quinoline-c9h7n-terhadap-laju-korosi-baja-ss-304-dalam-
o ASTM A380 / A380M 13, Standard Practice for Cleaning, Descaling, and Passivation of Stainless Steel Parts,
o ASTM A967 / A967M 13, Standard Specification for Chemical Passivation Treatments for Stainless Steel Parts
o TOTAL General Specification: GS EP PVV 175 Cleaning of piping and vessels. GS EP COR 460 Chemical
fabrication, installation, inspection and testing, 84501-9200-1L-045 Piping Materials Narrative Specification
o http://www.tataemerindotrading.com/index.php/chemical-product/taseto/135-taseto-newbright-pickling-