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1.Introduction
Fig 1. ECAE die showing Channel angle
Severe plastic deformation (SPD) is a term coined to
promote the profound changes in the microstructure of the The effect of channel angle and corner angle is given by
metals and alloys. The effect of SPD is that it leads to segal et al., [2] as
noticeable grain size reduction subsequently increasing the
strength. The processed material tends to show ultra-fine = + + +
grained materials. Light materials with greater strength are (1)
the present requisites for aerospace and auto industries.
Grain refinement or inoculation provides refined grains From the equation (1),it is observed that the imparted strain
suitable for cryogenic temperature environments. ECAE is in the specimen increases with decrease in channel angle.
one of the SPD practice to impart severe strain by simple Greater strain homogeneity is obtained in an angle closer to
angle 90 compared to all other channel angle while
shear achieved by passing the material through a ECAE die
keeping the corner angle as 90[3]. It is experimentally
with reduction in the cross sectional area of the sample and easier to press billets when using dies with angles that are
inducing homogeneity[1]. The current study deals with the larger than 90[4]. For 90 the load required is relatively
influence of channel angle on deformation behavior for lesser than 60[5]. Although 90 channel angle dies are
AA6061-T6 through analysis in DEForm for different effective, the work piece can be pressed using the dies with
channel angles of 90, 110 and 120 using a Mechanical channel angles greater than 90 (Valiev et al.) [6]. Thus,
Hammer for imparting load. The process largely relies the scope of study of this project will only be focused on
upon critical process parameters like Channel angle (2), channel angles 90, 110, and 120. The effect of corner
angleis neglected in the strain hardening materials as the
Corner angle (), friction considered and strain hardening
deformation in the die design was predicted to be almost
effect of the material being processed. independent of the die corner angle (Yoon et al.) [7].For
effective study of process parameters an experimental setup
of the diehas been created in pro-E and subsequent analysis
has been carried out in DEForm software. The simulation
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International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Computer Applications,
Vol 2, Issue 2, March- April 2014, ISSN 2320-6349
process consumes lesser time and helps in effective
analysis to estimate the credibility of the die. Hence this
method proves to be a better way in studying the effect of
process parameters.
2. Experimental procedure
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International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Computer Applications,
Vol 2, Issue 2, March- April 2014, ISSN 2320-6349
a. For 90:
For110:
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International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Computer Applications,
Vol 2, Issue 2, March- April 2014, ISSN 2320-6349
5.Conclusions
Internal Increases Increases Increases
Radius r Process is finished in single passcompared to
multiple passing routes in ECAP.
Better grain refinement is achieved because of
ECAP followed by extrusion.
The loading conditions decrease with increase of
channel angles.
The flow rate is smoother as the angle increases.
More effective strain hardening is observed in
90 channel angle, moderate in 110 and less in
120; hence keeping moderate effective strain
hardening effect and smoother flow of the billet
110 die is preferred.
Requirement of force decreases with the increase
of the channel angle, thus facilitating easy
displacement.
The imparted strain decreases with the increase
of the channel angle. From the results obtained,
204mm strain max is obtained for 90, 17.4mm
for 110 and 14.1mm for 120.
Acknowledgement
References
www.ijmca.org Page 40
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Computer Applications,
Vol 2, Issue 2, March- April 2014, ISSN 2320-6349
[5] Langdon TG , Furuno K, Akamatsu H, Oh-ishi K,
Furukawa M, Horita Z,.Acta Mater(2004); 52:2497
[7] S.C. Yoon, P. Quang, S.I. Hong, H.S. Kim Die design
for homogeneous plastic deformation during equal channel
angular pressing in Journal of Materials Processing
Technology (2007): 187188: p 4650
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