STUDY OF INTERFACE OF FRESH WATER AND SALINE WATER

AT ASAM-ASAM RIVER TO LAND COVER OF

ASAM-ASAM WATERSHED SOUTH KALIMANTAN

SUMMARY
Temporal changes of fresh water and saline water interface and its relationship
with the watershed land cover changes need to be assessed scientifically through
dynamics of watershed ecosystem for its parameters and an image assisted
analysis, as an effort for evaluating current condition for watershed itself. The
research aims: (1) to assess the temporal occurrency for interface changes of
freshwater and saline water in watershed area, approached through four
methods: (1) interviewing local community respondents, which determined by the
snow ball methods, (2) searching secondary data obtained from the
Environmental Monitoring Operations Report of PLTU Asam-Asam in Year 2014,
(3) field observations to parameters of pH, salinity, electrical conductivity (DHL) in
dry season (August), intermediate (October) and summer rain (December), (4)
temporally observations, through the use of satellite imagery as analysis tool to
presence Nypha fruticans Wumb sp. as an indicator. (2) to assess temporal land
cover changes in the watershed area, with satellite image analysis approach
method using System Geographic Information, (3) to assess relationship between
interface changes of fresh water and saline water with land cover changes in the
watershed area, with the regression analysis method, (4) to examine
phenomenon of interface changes and water quality parameters to be able to
show the condition of the river ecosystem quality, (5) to formulate predictive
assessments for condition and damage of watershed based on natural
phenomenon of relations of land cover changes with interface changes of
freshwater and saline water, using prediction method and descriptive analysis.
According to the respondents a fairly extreme boost sea water masses to the
Asam-Asam River estuary upstream that has been occurred recently. Secondary
data has indicated that there are a significant differences DHL values in intake for
PLTU Asam-Asam (546 mhos/cm) that the upstream intake (231 mhos/cm),
mean that intrusion occurred in moderate to high classificated. The field
observations (dry season months of August 2013) has shown that the
Intersection limit were 12.96 km from the river estuary. The Interface on
transitional season (October 2013) were 12,83 km from estuary, and rainy
season (December 5, 2013) were 5,24 km from the estuary. The Image analysis
has shows retrieval limit in 1991 of 8,13 km, 12,66 km in 2013 and are likely
upstreamly increasing from 0,03 to 1,86 km by year. In 2014 the interface were in
12,88 km, has show that the influence of sea water increasingly moving
upstream. Secondary data collections and interpretations for the image shows
land cover changes has showed that the forest area has been declined. The
greater interface of freshwater and saline water, the further that the influencing
for the sea water upstream, has providing an opportunities increasingly a bad
quality conditions ecosystem for the river. The damages classification of
watershed base on interface changes of freshwater and saline water can be
prepared that if the interface within 8,130-12,708 m from estuary, mean the
watershed with a low damage, 12,709-16,666 m mean belong to moderate
damage and > 16.677 m belong to high damage. Currently, Asam-Asam
watershed has included in moderate damage classification.

Keywords: interface, fresh water, saline water, Asam-Asam river, nypa, watershed