Running head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 1

Annotated Bibliography

Paola A. Ornelas

1301 RWS

October 27th, 2017

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Annotated Bibliography

Research Question #1: What if marriage equality was not a controversial topic?

Research Question #2: Why is marriage equality seen differently within the sexuality context?

Research Question #3: How does marriage equality relates to the Business Management Major at

UTEP?

Research Question #4: How has the evolution of the concept of marriage equality affect students

of the Business Management Major at UTEP?

Arber, S., & Ginn, J. (1995). The mirage of gender equality: Occupational success in the labour

market and within marriage. The British Journal of Sociology, 46(1), 21-43.

doi:10.2307/591621

Arber and Ginn argue that earning inequalities depending on gender affect occupational

groups, as well as the household sphere. Nonetheless, in the household sphere, these earning

inequalities affect on a bigger scale by leading to marriage inequality and the establishment of a

patriarchal power in the society. The authors came across several issues while collecting the

evidence for this article. Such as the contradiction that exists nowadays between the

implementation of equal labor opportunity and pay for women, and the belief that the husband

should be the main breadwinner in the household. The latter, feeds the masculinity of the

society. The authors mention the existence of a discrepancy in the position women have within

the labor market and the one they hold inside their household. In order to address these issues the

authors consider two dimensions, one of status and the other of economic reward.

Blanton, P. W. (2000). The Adlerian perspective in the context of contemporary marriages.

Journal of Individual Psychology, 56(4), 411.

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The author of this scholarly article presents an analysis of three main aspects of marriage

using an Adlerian construction. These aspects include the concept equality inside a structured

social hierarchy, cooperation versus competition between marital partners, and commitment

versus evasion within the institution of marriage. The main issue the author encountered was that

the Adlerian construction on parent-child relationships has a more popular attention than the one

applied to marriage. The author evidences that the characteristics of a marital relationship can be

partially achieved by looking at the three dimensions mentioned above, which are not exclusive

in marriage. The degree of emphasis given to these dimensions regulate the marital relationship

and its role within the society.

Burgoyne, C. B., & Lewis, A. (1994). Distributive justice in marriage: Equality or equity?

Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology, 4(2), 101-114.

Burgoyne and Lewis claim that men allocate rewards based on the concept of equity,

whereas women do it based on equality. The paper explores the issue of shared finances within

the marital relationship, showing emphasis on the access to personal funds. The issues the

authors encountered where that this study was made upon laboratory-based information with

little research in the context of long-term relationships like marriage. The paper addresses the

claim by talking about gender differences in a context of distributive justice and the impacts this

has in the allocation of rewards by women and men. The investigation is centered in the access to

money for personal use and sharing within the marriage.

Chapman, J. R., & Gates, M. J. (1977). Women into wives: The legal and economic impact of

marriage. Beverly Hills : Sage Publications, c1977. Retrieved from http://0-

search.ebscohost.com.lib.utep.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=cat04704a&AN=nug.b242

7996&site=eds-live&scope=site
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In the anthology Women into wives: The legal and economic impact of marriage the

authors claim that something is happening to marriage nowadays, preconceptions and stereotypes

imposed by society have changed; contemporary women do not want to get married. Women are

starting to claim for equality upon the eyes of the society. However, the authors found that still

with all those sex-role conception changes in society; men have favoritism in terms of wages, job

opportunities, and in achieving self-accomplishment. The evidence shown by Champman et. al,

proves that the decline in the first-marriage rate started in the 1970s, marking the beginning of

many changes to come. The decline in marriage rates have affected motherhood, the labor

sphere, household organization and laws. Marriage today differs from marriage before the 1970s

in terms of sex-role perception, introduction of new laws and the development of women as an

entity in society.

Scanzoni, J. H. (1978). Sex roles, womens work, and marital conflict: A study of family change

Lexington, Massachusetts : Lexington Books, c1978. Retrieved from http://0-

search.ebscohost.com.lib.utep.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=cat04704a&AN=nug.b106

9722&site=eds-live&scope=site

Scanzoni argues in his book that changing gender-role preferences, the introduction of

women into the business world, and the conflict and negotiation inside marriage relationships are

the main elements that lie at the core of marital change. The main issue the author found

throughout his writing and research process is that no attention has been given to the

interconnection between these elements, leading to a misinterpretation of the causes that caused

the evolution of marital relationships from the early 1970s to nowadays. The evidence exposed

in his book shows that women who support an egalitarian vision in marriage define work as their

right. On the other hand, women who have a traditional sex-role preference are more likely to
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leave employment as an option. In addition, egalitarian women make a stronger impact in the

lifestyle of the family, social class, household duties and economic co-provision with their

husbands, than those who have a traditional sex-role vision.

Williams, R. (2011). Same-sex marriage and equality. Ethical Theory & Moral Practice, 14(5),

589-595. doi:10.1007/s10677-010-9261-8

In this article, Williams argues that marriage is a couples collective right rather than an

individual right. The main issue that the author encountered was that many people argue that

same-sex marriage is not an issue in regards to equal rights. The evidence exposed in the article

counter argues the main issue by stating that in societies where same-sex marriage is prohibited,

heterosexual and homosexual individuals have the right to marry someone of the opposite sex.

However, same-sex couples are denied the right to marry, turning into a rights issue. The paper

uses the notion of collective rights to analyze the prohibition of same-sex marriage, in the sense

that a right becomes collective when one person cannot exercise it.

Yodanis, C. (2005). Divorce culture and marital gender equality: A cross-national study. Gender

and Society, (5), 644. doi:10.1177/0891243205278166

The author of this article argues that todays divorce culture is related to gender equality

in marriage. The main issue that Yodanis encountered was that most of the theory and research

made on divorce is focused on the divorced couples, rather than in the effect divorce has on the

relationship of married couples. In the article, the author shows that the increasing participation

of women in the labor sphere leads to a higher rate of divorce. In societies where divorce is

common, women are less willing to depend on their husbands income. Yodanis discusses that

divorce can either increase or decrease gender equality. The first hypothesis is based on the

principle that if a marital relationship does not move towards equality, men risk losing women.
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This way, women use the marriage as a tool to secure change and achieve equality. On the other

hand, the second hypothesis states that due to womens exigence of change, men seem to be

pushed to use the divorce as a threat.