2015 Higher School Certificate (HSC) Mathematics

Examination
Solutions Written by: ymcaec

The sample answers or similar advice contained in this document are not intended to
be exemplary or even complete answers or responses. As they are part of the working
document, they may contain typographical errors, omissions, or only some of the
possible correct answers.

1
Section I

Question 1

0.005 233 59 5.234 103

Answer: D

Question 2
1 1
2x 4 y 3 0 y 2 x 3 slope
4 2
Answer: C

Question 3

3, 7, 11 Tn 3 4 n 1
T15 3 4 14 59

Answer: A

Question 4

5 2 2
P soccer team loses and rugby team loses 1 1
7 3 21

Answer: A

2
Question 5

x 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
1.5 2 2.5
y e 1.5e 2e 2.5e 3e3

By trapezoidal rule,

A
0.5
2
1

e 2 1.5e1.5 2e2 2.5e2.5 3e3 e1 3e1.5 4e2 5e2.5 3e3
4

Answer: B

Question 6

dy
y 2 sin 3 x 3 tan x 6 cos 3 x 3sec 2 x
dx
dy
At x 0, 63 3
dx

Answer: C

Question 7

2 2

4 x x 2 x dx 2 x x dx
2 2

0 0

Answer: B

Question 8

Draw the parabola (with intercepts 0,1 , 1, 0 , 1, 0 ) over the graph. There are two
intersections.

Answer: C

3
Question 9

Area under velocity curve gives displacement. Maximum displacement occurs when t = 4
1
(when v = 0). Displacement over the first 4 seconds is 8 4 16 . So maximum
2
displacement is 16 + 2 = 18.

Answer: D

Question 10

2 2 2 ln x d 2 ln d 2
d

1
1 x
ln d 1 d e

Answer: A

4
Section II

Question 11 (a)

4 x 8 6 x 4 x 8 6 x 10 x 8

Question 11 (b)

3x 2 27 3 x 2 9 3 x 3 x 3

Question 11 (c)

8 8 2 7

2 7 2 7 2 7
16 8 7

3
8 7 16

3

Question 11 (d)

1 4
S
1 5
1
4

Question 11 (e)

d x
e x 5 e x 1 e x x
5 4

dx

5
Question 11 (f)

dy x4
ln x
dx x

Question 11 (g)

4 1 4 1
cos 2 x dx sin 2 x
0 2 0 2

Question 11 (h)

x dx 1 ln x 2 3 C
2
x 3 2

Question 12 (a)

2 sin 1
5
, 0 2
6 6

Question 12 (b) (i)

Diagonals of rhombus intersect at right angles, thus m1 3 .

By point gradient formula,
y 11
3
x7
y 11 3x 21
y 3x 10

6
Question 12 (b) (ii)

Solving the set of simultaneous equations:

y 3 x 10

x
y 3
x
3 x 10
3
10 x 30 0
x 3, y 1
D 3, 1

Question 12 (c)

x2 3
f x
x 1
2 x x 1 x 2 3
f x
x 1
2

x2 2x 3

x 1
2

Question 12 (d)

8 4k
2

For real roots, 0,

64 4k 0
k 16

Question 12 (e) (i)

x2
y y x
2
At x 1, y 1.
1 1
By point-gradient formula, y x 1 y x
2 2

7
Question 12 (e) (ii)

1
y
2

Question 12 (e) (iii)

1 1
Substitute y into y x
2 2
1 1
x
2 2
x0
x-coordinate of Q is 0, so Q lies on the y-axis.

Question 12 (e) (iv)

1
Q 0,
2
QS 1, PS 1
PQS is isosceles since QS PS .

Question 13 (a) (i)

6 2 82 4 2 7
By cosine rule, cos A
2 6 8 8

Question 13 (a) (ii)

7 15
cos A sin A (by constructing a right-angled triangle)
8 8
1 24 15
So area = bc sin A 3 15 .
2 8

8
Question 13 (b) (i)

D: 3 x 3
R: 0 y 3

Question 13 (b) (ii)

3 2 3 2
Coordinates of intersections are 3, 3 and ,
2 2

9
Question 13 (c) (i)

y x3 x 2 x 3
y 3 x 2 2 x 1
y 6 x 2

For stationary points,

y 3x 2 2 x 1 0
3x 1 x 1 0
1
x , 1
3

1 1 86
At x , y 4 0 , is a maximum turning point.
3 3 27
At x 1, y 4 0 1, 2 is a minimum turning point.

Question 13 (c) (ii)

Point of inflexion occurs when concavity changes. Possible point of inflexion when y 0 .
1
y 6 x 2 0 x
3
1
x 0 1
3
y 2 0 4
1 1
Concavity changes at x , so point of inflexion at x .
3 3
Given P lies on the curve, the point of inflexion is at P.

10
Question 13 (c) (iii)

Question 14 (a) (i)

x 10

x 10t c1
At t 0, x 0 c1 0
x 10t
x 5t 2 c2
At t 0, x 110 c2 110
x 5t 2 110

Question 14 (a) (ii)

At x 37, 37 10t t 3.7

At t 3.7, x 41.55
Distance fallen is 68.45

11
Question 14 (b) (i)

1 5 1 1 2
P Saturday is dry P WD P DD .
2 6 2 2 3

Question 14 (b) (ii)

1 1 1 1 1 1 1
P WWW P DWW
2 6 6 2 2 6 18

Question 14 (b) (iii)

1 17
1 P WWW P DWW 1
18 18

Question 14 (c) (i)

A1 100000 1.006 M
A2 A1 1.006 M
100000 1.006 M 1 1.006
2

Question 14 (c) (ii)

A3 A2 1.006 M
100000 1.006 M 1 1.006 1.0062
3

An 100000 1.006 M 1 1.006 1.006n 1
n

GP

1.006 1
n
100000 1.006 M
n

1.006 1
1.006n 1
100000 1.006 M
n

0.006

12
Question 14 (c) (iii)

M = 780.
1.006120 1
A120 100000 1.006
120
780
0.006
68499.458... 68500 nearest hundred

Question 14 (c) (iv)

1.006n 1
The formula can be changed to: An 48500 1.006 780
n
.
0.006
Setting An 0,
1.006n 1
48500 1.006 780
n

0.006
48500 1.006 130000 1.006 130000
n n

81500 1.006 130000

n

260
1.006n
163
260
ln
n 163 78.055...
ln1.006
After 79 months.

Question 15 (a) (i)

C Ae 0.14t
dC
0.14 Ae 0.14t
dt
0.14C since Ae 0.14t C

Question 15 (a) (ii)

When t 0, C 130
130 Ae 0.140
A 130

13
Question 15 (a) (iii)

When t 7, C 130e0.147 48.79 2dp

Question 15 (a) (iv)

When C 65 :
65 130e 0.14t
1
e 0.14t
2
1
ln
t 2 4.95 hours 2dp
0.14

Question 15 (b) (i)

EAD EDA base angles of isosceles triangle AED

EDA FDC vertically opposite angles

BAC FDC proved

ACB DCF given, 90
ACB ||| DCF (equiangular)

Question 15 (b) (ii)

Corresponding angles of similar triangles are equal, thus DFC ABC ,

Thus EFB is isosceles since base angles are equal.

14
Question 15 (b) (iii)

Corresponding sides of similar triangles (part i) are proportional, thus:

AB DF

AC DC

But ED AE , DF EF ED EB ED EB AE , AD DC , AB AE EB, AC 2 DC
AE EB EB AE

2 DC DC
AE EB 2 EB 2 AE
EB 3 AE

Question 15 (c) (i)

dV
Consider 0
dt
80 sin 0.5t 0
0.5t first solution
t 2 is where the volume first starts to decrease.

Question 15 (c) (ii)

dV
80sin 0.5t
dt
V 160 cos 0.5t C
When t 0, V 1200 C 1360
3
At t 3, V 160 cos 1360 1348.68 2dp
2

Question 15 (c) (iii)

The volume of water is greatest when cos 0.5t 1

Thus, the greatest volume of water is 160 + 1360 = 1520.

15
Question 16 (a) (i)

y x 2 7 x 10 x 2 x 5
x A 2, xB 5

Question 16 (a) (ii)

Parabolas are symmetrical, thus xC 5 2 7 .

C 7,10

Question 16 (a) (iii)

2

x 7 x 10 dx
2

0
2
x3 7 x 2
10 x cc
3 2 0
26

Question 16 (a) (i)

7
26
Parabolas are symmetrical, so x 2 7 x 10 dx .
5 3
1 26 49
Thus, shaded region has area 5 10 .
2 3 3

16
Question 16 (b)

y
y 8ln x 1 x e 8 1
6

V x 2 dy
0
6
4y y

e 2e 1 dy
8

0
6
y y

4e 4 16e 8 y
0
4e1.5 160.75 6 20
4e1.5 160.75 14 118.7 1dp

Question 16 (c) (i)

Using similar triangles (which should be proved by equiangular), we obtain:

Hy H xH
yH .
x R R
xH H
So V x 2 y x 2 H x R x .
2

R R

17
Question 16 (c) (ii)

H
Volume of cylinder is V x2 R x .
R
2 xR 3x 2
dV H
dx R
d 2V H
2R 6 x
dx 2 R

dV
For maximum or minimum, consider 0.
dx
2 xR 3 x 2 0
H
R
x 2 R 3x 0

Clearly when x = 0, V is not a maximum.

2 R d 2V H 2R
When x , 2 2R 6 H R 2 0 maximum.
3 dx R 3

2
H 2R 2R 4 R 2 1 4 R 2 H
Thus, maximum volume of cylinder is V R H .
R 3 3 9 3 27

1
Volume of the cone is R2 H .
3

4 R 2 H 1 4
Ratio of volume of cylinder to volume of cone is : R 2 H :1 ,
27 3 9
4
Since the volume of the inscribed cylinder of maximum volume is of the volume of cone,
9
4
Hence the volume of any inscribed cylinder does not exceed of the volume of cone.
9

18