Contoh Soal !

Used of Enthalpy - Concentration Method to Distill an Ethanol - Water Solution.

A mixture 50 wt% Ethanol and 50 wt% water which is saturated liquid at the boiling point is
to give a distillate containing 85 wt% Ethanol and a Bottoms containing 3 wt% Ethanol. The Feed rate
of 1.5 is to be used. Use equilibrium and Enthalpy data from Appendix A.3. Note that the data are giv
Use these consistent units in plotting the Enthalpy - Concentration data and equilibrium data. Do as fo
a. Calculate the amount of distillate and bottoms
b. Calculate the number of theoretical trays needed
c. Calculate the condenser and reboiler loads

Answer :
Dik : Xf = 50 wt% 0.5 Jwb :
XD = 85 wt% 0.85 N.M : F = D+B
XB = 3 wt% 0.03
F = 453.6 Kg/h N.komp : F.Xf = D.XD + B.XD
453.6 (Xf) = D (0.85) + B
226.8 = (F - B) 0.85 +
226.8 = (453.6 - B) 0
226.8 = 385.56 - 0.8
226.8 - 385.56 = -0.85B + 0.03
(-158.76) = (-0.82B)
B = 193.61 K

Xa Ya Suhu
0 0 100
0.02 0.192 98.1
0.05 0.377 95.2
0.1 0.527 91.8
0.2 0.656 87.3
0.3 0.713 84.7
0.4 0.746 83.2
0.5 0.771 82
0.6 0.794 81
0.7 0.822 80.1
0.8 0.858 79.1
0.9 0.912 78.3
0.94 0.942 78.2
0.96 0.959 78.1
0.98 0.978 78.2
1 1 78.3

R
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5
XB
liquid at the boiling point is to be distilled at 101.3 Kpa pressure
t% Ethanol. The Feed rate is 453.6 kg/h and a reflux ratio
. Note that the data are given in wt fraction and Kj/Kg.
d equilibrium data. Do as follows :

D=F-B Maka :
D=F-B
F.Xf = D.XD + B.XD = 453.6 - 193.61
453.6 (Xf) = D (0.85) + B (0.03) = 259.99 Kg/h
226.8 = (F - B) 0.85 + 0.03B
226.8 = (453.6 - B) 0.85 + 0.03 B
226.8 = 385.56 - 0.85B + 0.03B
- 385.56 = -0.85B + 0.03B
(-158.76) = (-0.82B)
B = 193.61 Kg/h

q= 1, karena umpan saturated liquid

Stripping
Enriching
0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05
XF XD
Dik :
Liquid Feed : 100 mol/h
Destilat : 405.3 Kpa

Feed, F Destilat, D Bottom, W

Komponen
Xf xfF Yd=Xd YdD Xw XwW
A 0.4 40 0.62 40 0 0
B (It Key L) 0.25 25 0.349 22.5 0.07 2.5
C (hy Key H) 0.2 20 0.031 2 0.507 18
D 0.15 15 0 0 0.423 15
Total 1 100 1 64.5 1 35.5

Neraca Massa :
Feed Distilate Bottom
Komponen
Massa Fraksi Massa Fraksi Massa Fraksi
n-butana 40 0.4 40 0.6201550388 0 0
n-pentana 25 0.25 22.5 0.3488372093 2.5 0.07042254
n-heksana 20 0.2 2 0.0310077519 18 0.50704225
n-heptana 15 0.15 0 0 15 0.42253521
Total 100 1 64.5 1 35.5 1

Menghitung Dew Point :

Distilate P satureted KI i
Komponen Yi / i
Massa Fraksi P sat Pi Sat/ P Total KI/KC
n-butana 40 0.620155 7.438142132 1.8595355329 7.779327 0.07971835
n-pentana 22.5 0.348837 2.602978813 0.6507447033 2.722376 0.12813703
Heavy key n-heksana 2 0.031008 0.956142168 0.239035542 1 0.03100775
n-heptana 0 0 0.362289702 0.0905724255 0.378908 0
Total 64.5 1 11.35955281 2.8398882037 11.88061 0.23886312 Signal Yi/alfa I harus = Kc
Cek Dew Point 0.23903554
Selisih (Total - cek dew point) -0.0001724
Menghitung Bubble Point :
Bottom P satureted KI i Trial Bubble point
Komponen Yi * i
Massa Fraksi P sat Pi Sat/ P Total KI/KC
n-butana 0 0 23.64377977 5.9109449429 2.305294 0
Light key n-pentana 2.5 0.070423 10.25629706 2.564074264 1 0.07042254
n-heksana 18 0.507042 4.646784889 1.1616962223 0.453067 0.22972387
n-heptana 15 0.422535 2.181042797 0.5452606992 0.212654 0.08985381
Total 35.5 1 40.72790451 10.1819761283 3.971015 0.39000022
Cek Bubble Point 2.56407426
Selisih (Total - cek bubble point) 2.6858E-05
 Komponen A B C
n-butana 3.93266 935.773 238.789
n-pentana 3.97786 1064.84 232.012
n-heksana 4.00091 1171.17 224.408
n-heptana 4.02167 1264.9 216.544

Trial Dew point 66.89974 Celcius

Tekanan 405.3 Kpa
4 bar kpa ke bar
dibagi 100
Rumus :
Log P (bar) = A - B / t(c) + C
P = 10^(A - (B/t(c)+C)
KI = Pi Sat/P

t(c) = Suhu

Note :
Kc = Ki dari heavy key
Ki = n-hexane

Signal Yi/alfa I harus = Kc

Trial Bubble point 126.8983 C
Tekanan 405.3 Kpa
4 bar

2.56410112