Structural Design of a Reinforced Concrete Balcony Slab to BS 8110

DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BALCONY WITH DWARF WALL

Moment and Shear

Slab Geometry
Span of slab = 1200 + (225/2) = 1312.5 mm = 1.3125 m
Design width = 1000 mm = 1 m

Slab Details

Thickness of slab = 150 mm

Characteristic strength of concrete; fcu = 20 N/mm2
Characteristic strength of reinforcement; fy = 460
N/mm2
Material safety factor; m = 1.05
Cover to bottom reinforcement; c = 20 mm
Cover to top reinforcement; c = 20 mm

Loading details

Slab loading

Dead load

Self-weight of slab = 0.15 24 = 3.6 kN/m2

Finishes @ 0.6 kN/m2 = = 0.6 kN/m2
Characteristic dead load; gk = 4.2 kN/m2

Dwarf wall loading

Wall is 150 mm hollow block wall (BS 648:1964, Schedule of weights of building materials)
Load per m run (Point load) = 1.52 1 = 1.52 kN/m
Characteristic dead load; gk = 1.52 kN/m
Imposed load (Office general use = 2.5 kN/m2 ,BS 6399-1:1996, Table 1)
Characteristic imposed load; qk = 2.5 kN/m2

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Design loading factors

Dead load factor; G = 1.4

Imposed load factor; Q = 1.6
Moment redistribution ratio; b = 1.0

Design loads

Dead loads

Slab

Slab load = 1.4 4.2 1 = 5.88 kN/m

Dwarf wall load = 1.4 1.52 = 2.13 kN
Imposed loads
Slab
Slab load = 1.6 2.5 1 = 4.00 kN/m

Moment and Shear

Service Moment
Mudl = (0.5 4.2 1.31252) + (0.5 2.5 1.31252) = 5.77kNm
Mpoint = 1.52 1.3125 = 2.00 kNm
Design Moment
Mudl = (0.5 5.88 1.31252) + (0.5 4.00 1.31252) = 8.51kNm
Mpoint = 2.13 1.3125 = 2.80 kNm

Design Shear force

V = (5.88 1.3125) + (4.00 1.3125) + 2.13 = 15.10 kN

Slab Design (Per metre run of balcony)

Using 12 mm main bars and 10 mm distribution bars

Effective depth of reinforcement; d = 150 20 + (12/2) = 124 mm
Support moment; m = 8.51 + 2.80 = 11.31 kNm/m
Design reinforcement
(3.4.4.4)
Lever arm; K = 0.402 (b 0.4) 0.18 (b 0.4)2 = 0.176
K = m / (d2 fcu) = 0.036778 < 0.176
Compression reinforcement is not required
(3.4.4.4)
z = min((0.5 + (0.25 (K / 0.9))), 0.95) d = 117.8 mm
Area of reinforcement designed; Asreqd = m / (z fy / m) = 219.70 mm2/m
Minimum area of reinforcement required; As min = 0.0013 h = 195 mm2/m
Area of reinforcement required; Asreq = max(Asreqd, Asmin) = 219.70 mm2/m
Provide 12 mm dia bars @ 200 mm centres
Area of main reinforcement provided; As prov = 566 mm2/m
Provide 10 mm dia bars @ 200 mm centres
Area of distribution reinforcement provided; Asprov = 393 mm2/m

Shear Check

Maximum allowable shear stress; vmax = min(0.8 (fcu), 5) = 3.58 N/mm2

shear stress; v = V / (b d) = 15.10 10 3 / (1000 124) = 0.122 N/mm2
Shear capacity of Slab; vc = (min(fcu,40)/25)1/30.79min(100Asprov/(bd),3)1/3max(400/d,1)1/4/1.25
Shear capacity of Slab; vc = 0.756 N/mm2 > 0.122 N/mm2

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Shear Capacity Okay
Check deflection

Basic span/d ratio = 7

Kudl = 0.25
Kpoint = 0.33
Adjusted basic ratio = Basic ratio (Mudl + Mpoint Kudl/ Kpoint)/( Mudl + Mpoint )
Adjusted basic ratio = 7 (5.77 + 2.00 0.25/ 0.33)/( 5.77 + 2.00 ) = 6.56
Design service stress; fs = 2 fy Asreq / (3 Asprov b) = 119.04 N/mm2
Modification factor; k1 = min(0.55+(477N/mm2-fs)/(120(0.9N/mm2+(m/d2))),2) = min (2.38, 2.00)
Modification factor; k1 = 2.00
Allowable span to depth ratio; = 6.56 k1 = 13.12
Actual span to depth ratio; L / d = 1312.5/124 = 10.58
L/d ratio Okay

Check Cracking

Clear spacing of bars = 200 12 = 188 mm

3d = 3 124 = 372 mm
47000/fs = 47000/119.04 = 394 mm

Bar spacing Okay

Anchorage length

Ultimate anchorage bond stress, fbu = fcu = 0.520

fbu = fcu = 2.24 N/mm2
L = (0.95fy) / (4 fbu) = (0.9546012)/ (4 2.24) = 585.26 mm
L = 0.58526 m
However, ISTRUCTE detailers manual recommends
L = (1.5 span) + 0.1125 = (1.5 1.3125) + 0.1125
L = 2.08125 m
Also L = 0.3 span preceding cantilever span
In this case we take 4.5 m
L = 0.3 4.5 = 1.35 m
Therefore we adopt L = 2.08125m
i.e. 2.1 m from the centerline of the support

Ref: http://civstructguru.blogspot.com/2014/09/structural-design-of-balcony-slab-to-bs_18.html

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