OBJECTIVE AND RELEVANCE

The objective of the course is to make students aware of implementation of

nanotechnology in the field of electronics. Electronic devices manufacturing, fabrication are the
areas in which the nanoscale is implemented. There are extremely electrical, magnetic, optical,
thermal and mechanical properties will change at this nanoscale device implementation.
Nanotechnology is the present global technologies where lot of research groups are working in
different domain of electronics area. The future devices will bring tremendous changes in
applications. Thus this is the most relevant for electronics engineers to learn this nanotechnology

SCOPE

The electronic devices depend on Moores law and scaling of semiconducting devices, the design
and fabrication of advanced devices became challenge for scientist and engineers. The
miniaturization of devices requires the knowledge of nanotechnology. This course will make
students to understand the challenges in implementation of fast and advanced devices.

PRE REQUISITES

Basic knowledge of semiconducting devices, fabrication, Nano materials properties and their
applications are required. Quantum mechanics and solid state fundamentals are also essential.

SYLLABUS JNTU

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO NANO TECHNOLGY

OBJECTIVE
The purpose and importance of nano structures are discussed here. The properties are
important to know, how the characteristics will change when a device is sized to scaling.
SYLLABUS
Importance of Nanoscale, Nanostructure types, Electronic, Magnetic, Optical properties of
Nanomaterials. Top-Down and Bottom-Up approach in nanostructures.

UNIT II QUANTUM MECHANICAL PHENOMENA IN NANO STRUCTURES

OBJECTIVE
The nano structures gives different confinements through Quantum wires, Quantum
wells and Quantum dots. This basic quantum approach of nano devices gives insight to
understand the user to make relevant applications.
SYLLABUS
Quantum confinement of electrons in semiconductor nanostructures, One dimensional
confinement(Quantum Wires), Two dimensional confinements(Quantum Wells)Three
dimensional confinements(Quantum Dots).

UNIT III CARBON NANO STRUCTURES

OBJECTIVE
This outstanding research on Carbon Nano Tubes are illustrated along with their synthesis,
characteristics for different applications. Different forms of carbon-graphene has created a
new era in high speed semiconducting nano devices with high mobility than micro electronic
devices
SYLLABUS
Carbon Nano Tubes(CNTs), Fullerences, C60, C80 and C240 Nano structures. Properties of
Mechanical Optical Electrical. Applications of nanostructures.

UNIT IV FABRICATON OF NANOMATARIALS

OBJECTIVE
The fabrication principles are discussed at nano level. Fabrication methods are compulsory to
understand to know the structural behavior and their applications. These fabrication principles
will give awareness on VLSI technology
SYLLABUS
Physical Methods: Inert gas consideration, Arc discharge, RF Plasma, Plasma Arc technique, Ion
Sputtering, Laser Ablation, Laser Pyrolysis, Molecular Beam Epitaxy, Chemical Vapour
Deposition Method.

UNIT V NANO SCALE CHARACTERIZATION TECHNIQUES

OBJECTIVE
These techniques are advanced to study the formation of the internal structures, surface
alligment, physical, chemical, mechanical and electrical properties. Different techniques will
analyse the different charactaristics of structural devices.
SYLLABUS
Scanning probe techniques - AFM, MFM, STM, SEM, TEM, XRD.
UNIT VI NANODEVICES AND NANOMEDICINE

OBJECTIVE
Nanotechnology explained the importance of nanomedicine at tissue, DNA, shell level
treatment. After starring this era of nanomedicine, scientist could able to control the biology at
DNA level. This is a revolunary advancement for the benefit of human kind.
SYLLABUS
Lab on chip for bioanalysis, Core/Shell Nanoparticles in drug delivery systems. Site specific and
targeted drug delivery. Cancer treatment and Bone Tissue treatment.

UNIT VII NANO AND MOLECULAR ELECTRONICS

OBJECTIVE
Since the characteristics will exhibit different phenomena at nano level compared to micro
level, the devices will exhibit different electrical properties. Since understanding of single
electron and atom level became easy, the controlling of the device at molecular level became
significant study.
SYLLABUS
Resonant Tunneling structures, Single Electro Tunneling, Single Electron Transistors, coulomb
blockade, Gaint Magneto Resistance, Tunneling Magneto Resistance.

UNIT VIII NANOLITHOGRAPHY AND NANOMANIPULATION

OBJECTIVE
These fabrication techniques are essentials to prepare nanodevice with proper controlling of
concentration for different characterizatrion and applications. Lithigraphy becomes very
complicated technique at nano level of implementation.
SYLLABUS
E-beam Lithography and SEM based nanolithography and nanomanipulation, Ion Bean
LithogrpahOxidation and Metallization. Mask and its application. Deep UV Lithography, X-ray
based Lithography.

SYLLABUS GATE
Not applicable
SYLLABUS IES
Not applicable
TEXT BOOKS AND REFERENCES

T1. Title : PRINCIPLES OF NANO TECHNOLOGY

Author : N. Phani Kumar.
ISBN : ISBN:978-81-8371-333-7(NEW-2ND Edition). Or 987 81 8371 1777
Publishers : Scietech Publications

T2. Title : HAND BOOK NANO TECHNOLOGY

Author : Bharat.Bhushan
ISBN :
Publishers : Springer international

REFERENCES
R1. Title : NANO : THE ESSENTIALS
Author : T. Pradeep.
ISBN : isbn-13: 978-0-07-061788-9 / isbn-10: 0-07-061788-0.
Publishers : Tata McGraw-hill Education Pvt.Ltd.

R2. Title : NANO SCALE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Author : Robert kelsall, Ian W. Hamley, Mark Geoghegon.
ISBN : isbn-13:978-0-470-85086-2 / isbn-10:0-470-85086-8 / isbn: 0-470-85086-8.
Publishers : John Wiley & sons International.

R3. Title : NANO MATERIALS

Author : A.K. Bandyopadhyay
ISBN : 81 224 2009 5.
Publishers : New Age International.

R4. Title : NANOTECHNOLOGY an Introduction to Nanostructuring Techniques

Author : Michael Kohler, Wolfgang Fritzsche
ISBN : 3 527 30750 8
Publishers : Wiley-VCH verlag international

R5. Title : INTRODUCTION TO NANOTECHNOLOGY

Author : Charles.P.Poole,Jr, Frank.J.Owens
ISBN : 0 471 07935 9.
Publishers : Wiley Interscinece A John wiley & sons Publications
WEB SITES

1.http://www.southalabama.edu/engineering/ece/faculty/akhan/Courses/Nanotechnology%20
- summer05/EE530.htm

2. http://biomedikal.in/2010/01/lecture-notes-on-nanotechnology-from-mit/

3. http://www.phys.sinica.edu.tw/TIGP-NANO/

4. http://web-files.ait.dtu.dk/bruus/TMF/publications/books/nnote.pdf

5. www.ece.ubc.ca/~pulfrey/nano_beyond_Si_uni.pdf

6. http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-701-introduction-
to-nanoelectronics-spring-2010/readings/MIT6_701S10_notes.pdf

EXPERT DETAILS

INTERNATIONAL

1. Name : Prof.Mark Horowitz

Designation ; Professor
Department : Electrical Engineering
Office Address : Standford University, Packard 175, USA
Phone No : 06507235782
E-mail ID : horowitz@standford.edu
2. Name : Prof. Alan Windle
Designation ; Professor and director of research
Department : Material science and nanotecnology
Office Address : University of Cambridge, UK
Phone No : +4401223334321
E-mail ID : ahw1@cam.ac.uk
3. Name : Prof.Gabriel Bester
Designation ; Professor
Department : MaxPlanck institute for Solid state Research
Office Address : Heisenbergstrabe1,D-70569, Stuttgart,Germany
Phone No : +4907116891758/1702
E-mail ID : G.Bester@fkf.mpg.de

NATIONAL

1. Name : Prof.V.Ramagopal Rao

Designation ; Professor
Department : Electrical department/Center for nanoelectronics
Office Address : IIT Bombay, powai, Mumbai
 Phone No : 02225767456/8456
E-mail ID : rrao@ee.iitb.ac.in

2. Name : prof.Anil.Kothanthriyal
Designation ; Professor
Department : Electrical department/Center for nanoelectronics
Office Address : IIT Bombay, powai, Mumbai
Phone No : 02225767438/8438
E-mail ID : anilkg@ee.ittb.ac.in

3. Name : Prof.K.N.Bhat
Designation ; Professor
Department : ECE, Center of Electronic Design and Technolog
Office Address : IISC Banglore, Banglore
Phone No : 09900101943
E-mail ID : knbhat@gmail.com,knbhat@ece.iisc.ernet.in

4. Name : Prof.S.Karmalkar
Designation ; Professor
Department : Electrical Engineering
Office Address : IIT Madras, Chennai
Phone No : 09444908220,04422575415
E-mail ID : karmal@ee.iitm.ac.in

REGIONAL
1. Name : Prof.K.C.James Raju
Designation ; Professor
Department : University of hyderabad
Office Address : School of Electronics, IC Technology Lab
Phone No : 04023134305
E-mail ID : kcjrsp@uohyd.ernet.in

2. Name : Prof.Ashudeb dutta

Designation ; Assistant Professor
Department : Electrical Engineering
Office Address : IIT Hyderabad,Hyderabad
Phone No : 04023016051
E-mail ID : asudeb_dutta@iith.ac.in

3. Name : M.B.Srinivas
Designation ; Professor
Department : VLSI and Embedded Systems
Office Address : IIIT Hyderabad, Hyderabad
Phone No : 04023016042
E-mail ID : srinivas@iith.ac.in
JOURNALS

1. IEEE Journal of Nanotechnology(www.ieee.org)

2. American Journal of Nanotechnology science publication(www.thescipub.com)

3. Nanoscience and technology virtual journals in science and technology(www.vjnano.org)

4. IEEE transactions of very large scale integrated systems(www.ieee.org)

5. international journal of nanoscience and technology (www.ijnnonline.com) & (irphouse.com)

6. International journal of nanoscience technology( iopscience.iop.org)

RECENT FINDINGS & DEVELOPMENTS

1. Title : Ballistic resistance capacity of carbon nanotubes

Author : Kausala Mylvaganam and L C Zhang
Journal : Nanotechnology journal
Vol,Year,Pr.No : Vol18, No.47, 28 Nov 2011

2. Title : Effect of High-K gate dielectric materials on metal and

silicon Gate Workfunction
Author : Yee-chiaYeo, Puskar Ramade,Tsu-Jae King, Chemming
Journal : IEEE Electron Devices LettersNanotechnology journal
Vol,Year,Pr.No : Vol23, No.6, 6 june 2010

3. Title : Spin dependent transport inferromagnetic, super conductor

single electron transistor
Author : Dawei Wang, Jia G. Lu
Journal : Journal of applied physics
Vol,Year,Pr.No : Vol.97, issue.10, may 2011

4. Title : Fabrication of nanostructures using UV-based imprint

technique
Author : M.Bender, Otto, Hadam, Kurz
Journal : MicroElectronic Engineering
Vol,Year,Pr.No : Vol.53, Issue 1-4, June 2009
 SESSION PLAN

Sl. Syllabus topics Sub Modules Lecture Text / Reference

No No
UNIT 1 : INTRODUCTION TO NANO TECHNOLOGY (9)
1 Importance of nano scale What is nanotechnology T1-unit1: 1.1 -1.10
L1
and Nanostructure Types Overview and perspective R1-Ch1:11,15
L2 R2-Ch1:1-3
Comparision of nanoscales in nature T1-unit1: 1.1 -1.10
L3 R1-Ch1:11,15
Need for nano scale in electronics L 4 R2-Ch1:1-3

3 Electronic properties of
nanomaterials
4 Magnetic properties of
nanomaterials
5 Optical properties of
nanomaterials
6 Top-Down approach of
nanostructures
7 Bottom-Up approach of
nanostructures
T1-unit1: 1.7
L5
R2-Ch1:4-5
Effects of Nano scale systems T1-unit1: 1.29-1.30
Conductivity ballistic behavior-scattering- R1-Ch4:120-124
L 6
tunneling R2-Ch2.9.2-pg:123-124
Electronic Structural properties
Effects of Nano scale systems-Gaint T1-unit1: 1.28-1.29
Magnetic Restistance-super conducting R2-Ch2.9.3-pg:125-126
Magnetic structures & domain formation
difference & coercivity. L 7
Magnetic Structural properties
Effects of Nano scale systems-wavelength T1-unit1: 1.29
changing R2-Ch3.7.1-pg:177-182
colour-absorption T5-Ch4.3.1-pg:90-91
Optical properties & wavelength effect
Top-Down approach T1-unit1: 1.11--1.14
a.Milling R2-Ch1.4.1-Pg: 32-36
L 8
b.Lithography process
c.Machining-patterning-Ion beam
d.steps of lithography for topdown
Bottom-Up approach T1-unit1: 1.10--1.11
a. Vaopur Phase deposition R2-Ch1.4.2-Pg: 37-48
b. Plasma deposition-dc glow-Magneton
sputtering-vaccum deposition
L 9
c.Molecular Beam Epitaxy-MOVPE
d.Liquid phase method- colloidal method
e. Electro deposition

UNIT 2 : QUANTUM MECHANICAL PHENOMENA IN NANOSTRUCTURES(7)

8 Quantum confinement of Carrier motion in bulk and nano material R2-Ch3.3-pg:138-139
L 10
electrons in semiconductor Schrodinger equation energy density states R4-Ch9-pg:226-242
L 11
nanostructures Energy levels in1,2,3-dimensions R5-Ch9-pg:226-230
9 One-Dimensional One dimensional quantum confinement T1-4.9-pg:4.22-4.23
confinement QUANTUM approach R2-Ch3.3.2-pg:141-142
WIRE Carrier motion-quantized energy levels L 12 R5-Ch9-pg:230-235
Energies and wave function of confinement
Quantum Wire approach-fabrication
10 Two-Dimensional Two dimensional quantum confinement T1-4.10-pg:4.23-4.24
confinement QUANTUM approach R2-Ch3.3.1-pg:139-141
WELLS L 13 R5-Ch9-pg:236-244
Energy dependency on quantum numbers
L 14
Quantum Well approach-fabrication
Schrdinger equation
11 Three-Dimensional Three dimensional quantum confinement T1-3.12-pg:3.18-3.22
confinement QUANTUM approach R2-Ch3.3.4-pg:142-143
DOTS Cuboid-shaped dot of 3-dimension L 15 R5-Ch9-pg:245-255
Unrestricted carrier motion-colloidal L 16
synthesis
Quantum dot approach-fabrication
UNIT 3 : CARBON NANO STRUCTURES (8)
12 Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) CNT introduction-armchair-zigzag R1-Ch4.1:Pg:114-116

CNT synthesis and purification; R1-Ch4.2:Pg:117-120

Filling of Nanotubes-mechanism of growth T1-3.12-pg:3.18-3.22
R2-Ch3.3.4-pg:142-143
Electronic-optical-properties of CNT R1-Ch4.2:Pg:120-122
T1-3.12-pg:3.18-3.22
L 17 R2-Ch3.3.4-pg:142-143
L 18 R5-5.4.3:pg:117-118
Single wall and multi wall CNT-SWCNT- T1-2.10.4-pg:2.32-2.34
MWCNT T4-Ch3.3.4-pg:142-143
Mechanical-Physical properties & R1-Ch4.2:Pg:122-123
applications T1-3.12-pg:3.18-3.22
R2-Ch3.3.4-pg:142-143
R5-5.4.3:pg:123-124
13 Fullerene Fullerene buckyball Minister shape- R1-Ch3.3:Pg:94, 100-103
fullerene proeperties-synthesis and T1-3.12-pg:3.18-3.22;2.68-
purification 2.81
R2-Ch3.3.4-pg:142-143
L 19 R5-5.3.6:pg:113-125
Orientational ordering R1-Ch3.3:Pg:100
Pressure effects-optical properties R1-Ch3.3:Pg:101,103
14 C60, C80 and C240 Fullerene C60, C80 and C240 R1-Ch2:Pg:15-20
nanostructures structures T1-3.12-pg:3.18-3.22
L 20
R2-Ch3.3.4-pg:142-143
R5-5.3:pg:106-113
15 Properties mechanical C60 Electrical, Optical, Mechanical R1-Ch2:123
optical Electrical. propertie T1-3.12-pg:3.18-3.22
L 21 R2-Ch3.3.4-pg:142-143

C80 Electrical, Optical, Mechanical R1-Ch2:104

propertie T1-3.12-pg:3.18-3.22
L 22 R2-Ch3.3.4-pg:142-143

C240 Electrical, Optical, Mechanical R1-Ch2:120

propertie L 23 T1-3.12-pg:3.18-3.22
R2-Ch3.3.4-pg:142-143

16 Applications CNT Applications R1-Ch2:124-125

CNT applications in different fields and L 24 T1-3.12-pg:3.18-3.22
areas R2-Ch3.3.4-pg:142-143
UNIT 4 : FABRICATION OF NANOMATERIALS(8)
17 Physical Methods Physical methods R2-Ch6-pg:132-136
Working principle - approach R5-Ch9-pg:226-242
L 25
Inert gas condensation Inert gas condensation T1-6-pg:6.1-6.4
Working principle - approach R2-Ch6-pg:107-109
18 ARC discharge ARC discharge T1-6-pg:6.6-6.9
Working principle - approach L 26 R2-Ch6-pg:109-111
19 RF plasma RF plasma T1-6.9-pg:6.11-6.14
Working principle approach-analysis T4-Ch6-pg:111-113
L 27
20 Plasma ARC technique Plasma ARC technique T1-6-pg:6.1-6.4
Working principle - approach R2-Ch6-pg: 115-119
21 ION sputtering ION sputtering T1-6-pg:6.11-6.17
L 28
Working principle - approach R2-Ch6-pg: 120-123
22 Laser ablation Laser ablation T1-6-pg:6.19-6.27
L 29
Working principle - approach R2-Ch6-pg: 123-129
23 Laser Pyrolysis Laser Pyrolysis T1-6-pg:6.27-6.39
L 30
Working principle - approach R2-Ch6-pg: 130-131
24 Molecular Beam Epitaxy ( Molecular Beam Epitaxy ( MBE ) T1-6-pg:6.43-6.46
L 31
MBE ) Working principle - approach R2-Ch6-pg: 13-139
25 Chemical Vapour Chemical Vapour Deposition method ( T1-6-pg:6.48-6.56
L 32
Deposition Method (CVD) CVD ) R2-Ch6-pg:140-144
 Working principle - approach
Different CVD based techniques
UNIT 5 : NANO SCALE CHARACTERIZATION TECHNIQUES(8)
26 Scanning Probe techniques Scanning Probe techniques concept R1-Ch2:Pg:15-20
L 33
Working principle-analysis
27 AFM AFM - schematic diag-construction- R1-Ch23.3:Pg:48-51
working principle R2-Ch2.5.2:pg:87-92
L 34
Magnitudes of atomic forces rather than R5-Ch3-pg:55-58
L 35
tunneling
Constant height-constant force mode
28 MFM MFM - analysis R1-Ch23.3:Pg:48-51
schematic diag-construction-working L 36 R2-Ch2.5.2:pg:87-92
principle
29 STM STM- schematic diag-construction-working R1-Ch2.3.1:Pg:44-48
principle L 37 R2-Ch2.5.1:pg:85-87
Tunneling phenomena
30 SEM SEM-schematic diag-construction-working R1-Ch2:Pg:21-31
principle R2-Ch2.3.4:pg:72-76
Secondary electron-back scattered electron- L 38 R5-Ch3-pg:51-54
electron beam induced-voltage contrast-
magnetic contrast
31 TEM TEM-schematic diagram- construction- R1-Ch2:Pg:34-40
working principle R2-Ch2.3.5:pg:76-82
L 39
Electron diffraction-imaging-diff contrast- R5-Ch3-pg:46-50
bright & dark field contrast-phase contrast
32 XRD-pattern to analyse XRD- schematic diagram- construction- R1-Ch2.6:Pg:75-81
structures working principle L 40 R2-Ch2.3.5:pg:92-97
Analysis and understanding of crystal
structures using results of XRD expt
UNIT 6 : NANO DEVICES AND NANOMEDICINE (6)
34 Lab on chip for bionanlysis Lab on chip for bionanlysis T1-unit7.1-pg:7.1-7.14
Lab onchip processing L 41 R1-Ch13:Pg:301-310
Labonchip characteristics
35 Core/shell Nano particles in Core/shell Nano particles in drug delivery T1-unit8.1-pg:8.1-8.1
drug delivery system system L 42 R1-Ch13:Pg:301-310
Method of drug delivery system
36 Site specific-targeted drug Site specific-targeted drug delivery T1-unit8.1.1-pg:8.1-8.2
L 43
delivery Concept of drug delivery system R1-Ch13:Pg:301-310
37 Cancer treatment Cancer identification-treatment T1-unit8.1.1.2-pg:8.2-8.3
Methods and procedure of cancer treatment L 44 R1-Ch13:Pg:301-310
L 45
38 Bone Tissue treatment Bone Tissue treatment cell growth T1-3.12-pg:3.18-3.22
L 46
DNA understanding R1-Ch13:Pg:301-310
UNIT 7 : NANO AND MOLECULAR ELECTRONICS(9)
39 Resonant-Tunneling Resonant-Tunneling structures T6-Ch7.3-pg:221-223
structures Construction -procedure-Working principle L 47 R5-Ch9-pg:226-242
Method analysis & understanding R1-Ch14:Pg:316-327
40 Single electron Tunneling Single electron Tunneling L 48 T1-4.9-pg:4.222-4.23
Construction -procedure-Working principle L 49 R2-Ch3.3.2-pg:139-142
Method analysis & understanding R1-Ch14:Pg:316-327

41 Single electron Transistors Single electron Transistors

Electrical properties L 50 T2-5.10-pg:5.23-5.24
Significance and applications L 51 R2-Ch3.3.2-pg:139-142
R1-Ch14:Pg:316-327
42 Coulomb Blockade Conductivity procedure
Conductivity of random in bulk material T1-3.12-pg:3.18-3.22
L 52
Conductivity of blockade in nanostructures R2-Ch3.3.4-pg:142-143
R1-Ch14:Pg:316-327
43 Gain Magneto Resistance Gain Magneto Resistance L 53 T1-3.12-pg:3.18-3.22
 Effect of GMR L 54 R2-Ch3.3.4-pg:142-143
R1-Ch14:Pg:316-327
significance
44 Tunneling Magneto Tunneling Magneto Resistance T1-3.12-pg:3.18-3.22
L 55
Resistance Effect of TMR R2-Ch3.3.4-pg:142-143
R1-Ch14:Pg:316-327
UNIT 8 : NANO LITHOGRAPHY AND NANOMANIPULATION
45 Nano Lithography Nano lithography introduction-processing T1-10-pg:10.1-10.6
introduction steps L 56 R2-Ch12.-pg:213-216
e-beam Lithography e-beam Lithography-dip-pen litho. L 57
Construction -procedure-Working principle
Method analysis & understanding
46 SEM based nanolithography SEM based nanolithography R3-Ch3.3-pg:138-139
L 58
R2-Ch12.-pg:218-220
47 Construction -procedure-Working principle T1-3.12-pg:3.18-3.22
Method analysis & understanding R2-Ch12.-pg:223-227
Ion Beam Lithography Ion Beam Lithography T1-4.9-pg:4.222-4.23
L 59
48 Construction -procedure-Working principle R2-Ch12-pg:236-247
Method analysis & understanding
Oxidation Oxidation
49 Construction -procedure-Working principle L 60 T1-4 -pg:4.23-4.24
Method analysis & understanding R2-Ch12.-pg:262-263
Metallization Metallization
50 Construction -procedure-Working principle L 61 T1-3.12-pg:3.18-3.22
Method analysis & understanding R2-Ch12.-pg:274-281
51 Mask and its applications Mask and its applications T1-Ch3.3-pg:138-139
Construction -procedure-Working principle L 62 T8-Ch9-pg:226-242
R2-Ch12.-pg:293-296
52 Deep UV-Lithography Method analysis & understanding
Construction -procedure-Working principle T1-4.9-pg:4.222-4.23
L 63
R2-Ch12-pg:139-142
53 X-ray based Lithography X-ray based Lithography T1-4.10-pg:4.23-4.24
Construction -procedure-Working principle
L 64
Method analysis & understanding
QUESTION BANK

UNIT 1 (INTRODUCTION TO NANOTECHNOLOYG)

1. What the concept of nanotechnology

2. What are different Nano materials used for nanostructures.

3. If nature is full of Nano, what limits us from making Nano materials or Nano devices?

4. What are the likely impacts of nanotechnology.

5. How the physical and chemical properties of Nano materials vary with their size?

6. Write the important applications of Nano materials in medicine.

7. Explain the importance of Nano scale in electronic field.

8. Why the Nano scale study is required for medical and industrial applications.

9. Give few examples of ancient Nano structures.

10. Explain about Nanostructure types

11. On What factors nanostructures are divided.

12. Explain what are the electronic properties of nano materials.

13. What is the impact of nanoscale on the electronic properties of semiconductors.

14. Explain the Magnetic properties of Nano materials.

15. What are the mechanical properties of nanostructrures.

16. Explain the optical properties of Nano materials.

17. How optical properties of Nano materials changes.

18. Explain the fabrication of Nanostructures.

19. Explain the bottom-up approach of Nano structures.

20. Explain the top-down approach of Nano structures.

21. What are the challenges of Nanostructures fabrication.

22. How energy band gaps of semiconductors differs the properties of nanostructures.
UNIT-II QUANTUM MECHANICAL PHENOMENON IN NANOSTRUCTURES

1. Explain the quantum mechanical phenomenon in nano materials.

2. Explain what is quantum confinement.
3. What is confinement of electrons in semiconductor structures.
4. Explain the concept of quantum well.
5. By considering the energies and wave functions. Explain the one dimensional confinements.
6. Explain the concepts of quantum wires.
7. Explain the concept of quantum dots.
8. Sketch and explain two-dimensional finite potential well with cylindicier geometry
and energy levels.
9. Sketch and explain one-dimensional parabolic potential well showing the positions
of the four lowest energy levels.
10. Explain the concept of super lattices.
11. How quantum dots can be manufactured.
12. Explain the quantum well width fluctuations.
13. Explain the changes of energy density changes incase of quantum well, quantum wire and quantum dot.
14. Explain the concept of colloidal quantum dots.
15. Explain the technique of thermally annealed quantum wells.
16. What are the application of quantum dots.
17. What are the application of quantum wells.
18. What are the application of quantum wire.
19. Explain the schrodinger wave equation for quantum confinement.
20. Explain the quantum confinement in semiconducting nanostructures.
21. Explain the energy densities using one dimensional potential well.

UNIT-III CARBON NANO STRUCTURES

1. Write a short note on materials used in Nano technology

2. Give the pictural Notation of allotropes of carbon.
3. Explain the structure of grapheme.
4. What are the different electrical, mechanical properties of grapheme.
5. Explain the concept of electronic transport in grapheme.
6. Draw the various types of fullerenes pictures.
7. What is Fullerenes, Define.
8. Explain the Aromaticity property of fullerene.
9. Explain the solubility of fullerenes.
10. Explain the quantum mechanics of fullerenes.
11. Explain the mass spectrum of carbon clusters.
12. With pictures explain the structures of C60 and its crystal.
13. Explain the superconductivity in C60.
14. Explain the Band theory of Nano materials.
15. Explain the applications of c60 structures.
16. Explain the C80 structure.
17. Write a short note on Mechanical, optical and electrical properties of C80 structure.
18. Explain the fullerene Concept of C240 structure.
19. What is chiralities explain.
20. Compare C80, C60 C240 structure.
21. What are the applications of C80, C60, & C240 structures.

UNIT-IV FABRICATION OF NANOMATERIALS

1. Explain the experimental setup of an are discharge apparatues.

2. Explain the working principle of are discharge.
3. Explain the different problems of SWNT.
4. How inert gas condensation in helps to reduces the condensation of atomic carbon.
5. Explain how distance between anode and cathode influence the fabrication of Nano materials.
6. Explain optical plasma control technique.
7. Explain the synthesis of carbon Nano tubes by laser vaporization.
8. Draw the experimental setup for plasma rotating electrode system and explain its operations.
9. Draw the experimental setup for laser ablation apparatus.
10. Compare SWCNT, MWCNT using their structural properties.
11. Explain the chemical vapor deposition technique for fabricating Nanostructures.
12. Explain the plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition technique.
13. Explain thermal chemical vapour deposition technique.
14. Draw the schematic diagrams CVD and PVD techniques in detail.
15. Explain the operations of laser assisted thermal chemical vapour deposition technique.
16. Explain the purification of carbon Nano tubes.
17. Explain the concept of laser paralysis.
18. Explain the Molecular base epitaxial technique for fabrication of Nano structures.
19. What are the advantages of ARC discharge method.
20. What are the applications of ION sputtering.
21. What the advantages of CVD, PVD methods.

UNIT-V NANO SCALE CHARACTERIZATION TECHNIQUES.

1. What are the principal properties used to explore Nano materials.

2. What are the differences between photon electron and scanning probe techniques.
3. How do we manipulate objects in the Nano dimension.
4. Why objects in the Nano scale cannot be seen by visible light? How do we see them.
5. What are the principal difference between scanning probe micro scopes parameters.
6. Why is it not possible to image Nano objects with infrared or x rays.
7. What are the characteristic properties of objects in the Nano scale? Which of those properties we use to
examine them?
8. Every property possessed by bulk materials is also possessed by Nano objects, so, how can one study
Nano objects uniquely?
9. Propose an experiment to study the strength of a single chemical bond.
10. Draw the electron gun of SEM contain explain it operation.
11. Explain the electron lenses of SEM.
12. Draw and explain various operations of electromagnetic lenses and explain them.
13. Explain scan coils in SEM.
14. Explain electron detectors in SEM.
15. What are the advances in SEM.
16. Explain the TEM (Transmission electron micro scope) technique.
17. Explain the bright felid and dark field, the two kinds of Imaging using TEM.
18. Explain STEM instrument.
19. Draw the various ways of operation of the STEM.
20. Explain Image collection in electron micros copes.
21. Explain the lab on chip concept.

UNIT VI : NANO DEVICES AND NANO MEDICINE.

1. Explain the biological building blocks.

2. Give the list of typical sizes of various biological substances in the nanometer range.
3. Explain the four level of structure of u protein
4. Explain the organization of bimolecular structure at the nanometer scale..
5. Explain DNA as a nanotechnology building block.
6. Explain how cancer can be cured using Nano participles
7. On what basis drag delivery depends.
8. What are the tissues in the bones.
9. How Nanotechnology is used to help the curing of Bone tissues.
10. Explain the recent developments in Nan scales in medicine.
11. Explain the lab on chip (LOC) concepts.
12. Explain the chip materials and fabrication in LOC.
13. What are the advantages of LOC.
14. Explain the examples of LOC.
15. Explain DNA as nanotechnology building block.
16. Explain the organization of biomolecular structure at nanometer scale.
17. Explain how cancer can be detected using nanotechnology.
18. What the applications of nanotechnology in medical field.
19. What are core/shell nanoparticles in drug delivery system.
20. What making nanotechnology to target the cancer in bone tissues.
21. What the disadvantages of nanotechnology in treatment of cancer and bone tissue problems.

UNIT VII : NANO AND MOLECULAR ELECTRONICS

1. Explain the concept monomolecular electronics.
2. How molecular electronics is different from conventional electronics.
3. How the molecular structures helpful for the conducting phenomena.
4. Explain what is tunneling phenomena.
5. Explain the tunneling concept incase of nanostructures.
6. What is single electron transistor.
7. explain single electron tunneling
8. How does a single electron is different from conventional transistors.
9. Explain the properties of single electron transistor.
10. Explain the quantum mechanical phenomena of tunneling process.
11. Explain what coulomb blockade is.
12. Explain how conducting phenomena differs in nanostructures using the concept of blockade.
13. What is GMR(Gain Magneto Resistanc e)
14. How this gain magneto resistance will arise in nanostructures.
15. Explain the advantages of gain magneto resistane
16. Explain the advantages of single electron transistor.
17. What is tunneling magneto resistance.
18. How the magnetic properties differ in nanomagnetic materials.
19. What the types of molecular machines.
20. Explain the concept of molecular assembler.
21. Explain the concept and theory of molecular electronics and genesis theory.

UNIT VIII : NANOLITHOGRAPHY AND NANOMANIPULATION

1. Explain the concept of e-beam lithography.
2. What is the need for lithography in fabrication of nanodevices.
3. Explain SEM based nanolithography.
4. Explain the concept of nano manipulation.
5. Explain ion beam lithography
6. Explain oxidation process.
7. Explain metallization process.
8. What is the need for mask in nanofabrication.
9. what are the applications of mask.
10. Explain UV-Lithography process.
11. What are the advanteges of UV-lithography
12. Explain the X-ray based lithography.
13. What are the advantages of X-ray based lithography.
14. What are the constructural features of SEM based nanolithography.
15. Explain construction of ion beam lithography.
16. Explain different types of oxidation process steps.
17. what are the defects in electron beam lithography
18. Explain the advantages of photolithography process.
19. Explain nano Imprint lithography.
20. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of e-beam lithography of SEM based lithography
21. compare the advantages and disadvantages of UV-lithography and X-ray lithography.

ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS(LEARNING GROUP WISE)

ASSIGNMENT I

ECE3.21
1. What the concept of nanotechnology

2. Explain the quantum mechanical phenomenon in nano materials.

3. Write a short note on materials used in Nano technology
4. Explain the experimental setup of an are discharge apparatues.

ECE3.22
1. What are different Nano materials used for nanostructures.
2. Explain what is quantum confinement.
3. Give the pictural Notation of allotropes of carbon.
4. Explain the working principle of are discharge.

ECE3.23
1. If nature is full of Nano, what limits us from making Nano materials or Nano devices?

2. What is confinement of electrons in semiconductor structures.

3. Explain the structure of grapheme.
4. Explain the different problems of SWNT.

ECE3.24
1. What are the likely impacts of nanotechnology.

2. Explain the concept of quantum well.

3. What are the different electrical, mechanical properties of grapheme.
4. How inert gas condensation in helps to reduces the condensation of atomic carbon.
ECE3.25
1. How the physical and chemical properties of Nano materials vary with their size?

2. By considering the energies and wave functions. Explain the one dimensional confinements.
3. Explain the concept of electronic transport in grapheme.
4. Explain how distance between anode and cathode influence the fabrication of Nano materials.

ECE3.26
1. Write the important applications of Nano materials in medicine.

2. Explain the concepts of quantum wires.

3. Draw the various types of fullerenes pictures.
4. Explain optical plasma control technique.

ECE3.27
1. Explain the importance of Nano scale in electronic field.

2. Explain the concept of quantum dots.

3. What is Fullerenes, Define.
4. Explain the synthesis of carbon Nano tubes by laser vaporization.

ECE3.28
1. Why the Nano scale study is required for medical and industrial applications.
2. Sketch and explain two-dimensional finite potential well with cylindicier geometry
and energy levels.
3. Explain the Aromaticity property of fullerene.
4. Draw the experimental setup for plasma rotating electrode system and explain its operations.

ECE3.29
1. Give few examples of ancient Nano structures.
2. Sketch and explain one-dimensional parabolic potential well showing the positions
of the four lowest energy levels.
3. Explain the solubility of fullerenes.
4. Draw the experimental setup for laser ablation apparatus.

ECE3.30
1. Explain about Nanostructure types
2. Explain the concept of super lattices.
3. Explain the quantum mechanics of fullerenes.
4. Compare SWCNT, MWCNT using their structural properties.
ECE3.31
1. On What factors nanostructures are divided.
2. How quantum dots can be manufactured.
3. Explain the mass spectrum of carbon clusters.
4. Explain the chemical vapor deposition technique for fabricating Nanostructures.
ECE3.32
1. Explain what are the electronic properties of nano materials.
2. Explain the quantum well width fluctuations.
3. With pictures explain the structures of C60 and its crystal.
4. Explain the plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition technique.
ECE3.33
1. What is the impact of nanoscale on the electronic properties of semiconductors.
2. Explain the changes of energy density changes incase of quantum well, quantum wire and quantum dot.
3. Explain the superconductivity in C60.
4. Explain thermal chemical vapour deposition technique.

ECE3.34
1. Explain the Magnetic properties of Nano materials.
2. Explain the concept of colloidal quantum dots.
3. Explain the Band theory of Nano materials.
4. Draw the schematic diagrams CVD and PVD techniques in detail.

ECE3.35
1. What are the mechanical properties of nanostructrures.
2. Explain the technique of thermally annealed quantum wells.
3. Explain the applications of c60 structures.
4. Explain the operations of laser assisted thermal chemical vapour deposition technique.

ECE3.36
1. Explain the optical properties of Nano materials.
2. What are the application of quantum dots.
3. Explain the C80 structure.
4. Explain the purification of carbon Nano tubes.

ECE3.37
1. How optical properties of Nano materials changes.
2. What are the application of quantum wells.
3. Write a short note on Mechanical, optical and electrical properties of C80 structure.
4. Explain the concept of laser paralysis.
ECE3.38

1. Explain the fabrication of Nanostructures.

2. What are the application of quantum wire.
3. Explain the fullerene Concept of C240 structure.
4. Explain the Molecular base epitaxial technique for fabrication of Nano structures.

ECE3.39
1. Explain the bottom-up approach of Nano structures.
2. Explain the schrodinger wave equation for quantum confinement.
3. What is chiralities explain.
4. What are the advantages of ARC discharge method.

ECE3.40
1. Explain the top-down approach of Nano structures.
2. Explain the quantum confinement in semiconducting nanostructures.
3. Compare C80, C60 C240 structure.
4. What are the applications of ION sputtering.

ECE3.41

1. What are the challenges of Nanostructures fabrication.

2. Explain the energy densities using one dimensional potential well.
3. What are the applications of C80, C60, & C240 structures.
4. What the advantages of CVD, PVD methods.

ASSIGNMENT II

ECE3.21
1. What are the principal properties used to explore Nano materials.
2. Explain the biological building blocks.
3. Explain the concept monomolecular electronics.
4. Explain the concept of e-beam lithography.

ECE3.22
1. What are the differences between photon electron and scanning probe techniques.
2. Give the list of typical sizes of various biological substances in the nanometer range.
3. How molecular electronics is different from conventional electronics.
4. What is the need for lithography in fabrication of nanodevices.

ECE3.23
1. How do we manipulate objects in the Nano dimension.
2 Explain the four level of structure of u protein
3. How the molecular structures helpful for the conducting phenomena.
4. Explain SEM based nanolithography.
ECE3.24
1. Why objects in the Nano scale cannot be seen by visible light? How do we see them.
2. Explain the organization of bimolecular structure at the nanometer scale..
3. Explain what is tunneling phenomena.
4. Explain the concept of nano manipulation.

ECE3.25
1. What are the principal difference between scanning probe micro scopes parameters.
2. Explain DNA as a nanotechnology building block.
3. Explain the tunneling concept incase of nanostructures.
4. Explain ion beam lithography

ECE3.26
1. Why is it not possible to image Nano objects with infrared or x rays.
2. Explain how cancer can be cured using Nano participles
3. What is single electron transistor.
4. Explain oxidation process.

ECE3.27
1. What are the characteristic properties of objects in the Nano scale? Which of those properties we use to
examine them?
2. On what basis drag delivery depends.
3. explain single electron tunneling
4. Explain metallization process.

ECE3.28
1. Every property possessed by bulk materials is also possessed by Nano objects, so, how can one study
Nano objects uniquely?
2. What are the tissues in the bones.
3. How does a single electron is different from conventional transistors.
4. What is the need for mask in nanofabrication.

ECE3.29
1. Propose an experiment to study the strength of a single chemical bond.
2. How Nanotechnology is used to help the curing of Bone tissues.
3. Explain the properties of single electron transistor.
4. what are the applications of mask.

ECE3.30
1. Draw the electron gun of SEM contain explain it operation.
2. Explain the recent developments in Nan scales in medicine.
3. Explain the quantum mechanical phenomena of tunneling process.
4. Explain UV-Lithography process.

ECE3.31
1. Explain the electron lenses of SEM.
2. Explain the lab on chip (LOC) concepts.
3. Explain what coulomb blockade is.
4. What are the advanteges of UV-lithography

ECE3.32
1. Draw and explain various operations of electromagnetic lenses and explain them.
2. Explain the chip materials and fabrication in LOC.
3. Explain how conducting phenomena differs in nanostructures using the concept of blockade.
4. Explain the X-ray based lithography.

ECE3.33
1. Explain scan coils in SEM.
2. What are the advantages of LOC.
3. What is GMR(Gain Magneto Resistanc e)
4. What are the advantages of X-ray based lithography.

ECE3.34
1. Explain electron detectors in SEM.
2. Explain the examples of LOC.
3. How this gain magneto resistance will arise in nanostructures.
4. What are the constructural features of SEM based nanolithography.

ECE3.35
1. What are the advances in SEM.
2. Explain DNA as nanotechnology building block.
3. Explain the advantages of gain magneto resistane
4. Explain construction of ion beam lithography.

ECE3.36
1. Explain the TEM (Transmission electron micro scope) technique.
2. Explain the organization of biomolecular structure at nanometer scale.
3. Explain the advantages of single electron transistor.
4. Explain different types of oxidation process steps.

ECE3.37
1. Explain the bright felid and dark field, the two kinds of Imaging using TEM.
2. Explain how cancer can be detected using nanotechnology.
3. What is tunneling magneto resistance.
4. what are the defects in electron beam lithography

ECE3.38
1. Explain STEM instrument.
2. What the applications of nanotechnology in medical field.
3. How the magnetic properties differ in nanomagnetic materials.
4. Explain the advantages of photolithography process.

ECE3.39
1. Draw the various ways of operation of the STEM.
2. What are core/shell nanoparticles in drug delivery system.
3. What the types of molecular machines.
4. Explain nano Imprint lithography.

ECE3.40
1. Explain Image collection in electron micros copes.
2. What making nanotechnology to target the cancer in bone tissues.
3. Explain the concept of molecular assembler.
4. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of e-beam lithography of SEM based lithography
ECE3.41
1. Explain the lab on chip concept.
2. What the disadvantages of nanotechnology in treatment of cancer and bone tissue problems.

3. Explain the concept and theory of molecular electronics and genesis theory.
4. compare the advantages and disadvantages of UV-lithography and X-ray lithography.