8/23/2016 Calculatecementsandandaggregate|NominalMixConcrete|CivilRND

UNDERSTANDINGCONCRETEMIXRATIO

Basedonstrength,concreteisclassifiedintodifferentgradeslikeM5,M7.5,M10,M15etc.,MstandsforMixand
numberstandsforcharacteristiccompressivestrengthoftheconcretein28daysindirectcompressivetest.Ifthe
ratioforM20concreteis1:1.5:3then1partcement,1.5partsandand3partaggregate(crushedstone)in
volumeisbatchedformixing.

GRADE MIXRATIO

M5 1:5:10

M7.5 1:4:8

M10 1:3:6

M15 1:2:4

M20 1:1.5:3

OrdinaryconcreteuptoM20gradecanbedesignedbynominalmixconcreteprocedure.StandardandHigh
strengthconcreteshouldbedesignedbystandardizedprescribedmixdesignprocedure.

Inmostcases,ratiooffineaggregatetocoarseaggregateis1:2,butbasedonthesizedifferenceitshallbe
between1:1.5to1:2.5.

NOMINALMIXCONCRETEDESIGNFORONEMETRECUBEOFM20CONCRETE

Ittakes1.5cubicmetreoftotalmaterialtoprepareonecubicofconcrete,becausecementandsandfillsthegaps
betweentheaggregate(crushedstone).

LetsdesignM20gradeconcrete.
RatioforM20concreteis1:1.5:3

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8/23/2016 Calculatecementsandandaggregate|NominalMixConcrete|CivilRND

CALCULATIONFORREALWORLDAPPLICATION

Cementisoftenboughtin50kgbagsandaggregateisboughtinUnits.So,convertthecalculatedquantitytobags
andunits.

Weightofcementneeded =Volumeofcement*Densityofcement

=0.273cu.m*1440kg/cu.m

=393.12(approximately390kg)

Noofbags=390/50=7.8bags
Henceittakesnearly8bagsofcementtoprepareonecubicmeterofM20gradeconcrete
AnUnitis100cft(cubicfeet)ofmaterial.1cu.m=35.32cu.ft.

Unitofsandneeded =Volumeofsand*35.32/100

=0.409*35.32/100

=0.145unitor14.5cft

Henceittakes14.5cftofsandtoprepareonecubicmeterofM20gradeconcrete

Unitofaggregateneeded =Volumeofaggregate*35.32/100

=0.29unitor29cft

Henceittakes29cftofaggregatetoprepareonecubicmeterofM20gradeconcrete

WATERREQUIREMENTFORNOMINALMIXCONCRETE

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Waterisaddedbasedonthequantityofcontent.Water/Cementratioisaratioofweightofwatertocement.W/C
ratiochangesbasedonthedesiredworkabilityoftheconcrete.IS456codebooksuggestthefollowingquantities
fordifferentconcretegrades.

GradeofCement Waterperbag(50kg)ofCement

M5 60litre

M7.5 45litre

M10 34litre

M15 32litre

M20 30litre

QUANTITYREQUIRMENTPERBAGOFCEMENT

GaugeboxisusedforVolumebatchinginsite.Volumeofagaugeboxis0.035cu.m(1cft)whichisavolumeof1
bagofcement.ForM20grade,use1bagofcement1.5boxofsandand3boxofaggregate.

Sand 0.035*1.5 0.053cu.m 1.5gaugebox 1.5cft

Aggregate 0.035*3 0.105cu.m 3gaugebox 3cft

M20GRADEMATERIALREQUIREMENTBYVOLUME

Workabilityofthefreshconcretecanbefieldtestedbyusingslumpconetest.Strengthdevelopmentofconcrete
shouldbetestedbycastingconcretein15cmcubemouldorcylindermouldandtestedundercompressivetest
machineon3,7,14,and28days.

QUANTITY CEMENT SAND AGGREGATE

1cu.mofM20 0.273cu.m 0.409cu.m 0.818cu.m

1cu.mofM20 7.8Bags 0.145Unit14.5cft 0.29Unit29cft

PerbagofCement 1 1.5cft 3cft

MATERIALREQUIREMENTBYWEIGHTFOR1BAG(50KG)OFCEMENT

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IS456Codebooksuggeststhefollowingquantitiesoftotalaggregateper50kgofcementtoproducenominalmix
concrete.

GRADE TOTAL(FINE+COARSE)

M5 800kg

M7.5 625kg

M10 480kg

M15 330kg

M20 250kg

Note:Generalratiooffineaggregatetocoarseaggregateis1:2,butitcanbeadjustedbetween1:1.5to1:2.5
basedonthegradingoffineaggregateandsizeofcoarseaggregate.Waterischosenfromtheabovetable.

LetsfindoutthequantityneededtoproduceM20gradebycodalprocedure.SandisconfirmedtoZoneII
averagegrading.Ratiooffinetocoarseaggregateischosenasusualas1:2.Fromtheabovetableweknowwe
need250kgoftotaldryaggregate.

Weightofsandneededperbag =(1/(1+2))*250kg

=83kg~85kg

Weightofaggregateneededperbag =(2/(1+2))*250kg

=166kg~165kg

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