4 Elelctricity PDF

Electricity and Magnetism
4 Electricity and Magnetism

1. Simple phenomena of magnetism
2. Electrical quantities
3. Electrical circuits
4. Dangers of electricity
5. Electromagnetic effects
6. Cathode ray oscilloscope
1. The diagram shows part of a magnetic relay. 3. An electrical quantity is defined as ‘the energy
M is part of the core of the magnet. L is part of converted by a source in driving a unit charge
the armature which is attached to the core round a complete circuit’.
when a current flows through the coil. S is a What is this quantity called ?
stud which stops the armature being attracted A. current
too strongly. B. electromotive force
C. potential difference
D. power
4. The diagram shows an electrical circuit.
Which line of the table gives the best

materials for M, L and S ?
Which pair of readings is obtained when a
suitable power supply is connected between X
and Y ?
2. Which diagram correctly shows the electric

field between two charged spheres ?
5. The diagram shows part of an electric circuit.
What is the current in the 2  resistor ?

A. 0.6 A C. 3.0 A
B. 1.2 A D. 6.0 A
6. An electric heater consists of a heating

element mounted on a metal reflector. The
reflector is connected to earth.
IGCSE Physics 1 Namrata David Publications

Where should the switch for the heating D. P and R

element be connected ?
A. between the earth wire and the reflector 9. What is the part of a simple d.c motor that
B. between the live wire and the heating reverses the direction of current through the
element coil every half-cycle ?
C. between the live wire and the neutral wire A. the armature
D. between the neutral wire and the heating B. the brushes
element C. the commutator
D. the slip rings
7. Each of the diagram below is a cross-section
through two parallel current –carrying 10. A wire hangs between the poles of a magnet.
conductors. When there is a current in the wire, in which
Which diagram correctly shows the magnetic direction does the wire move ?
field pattern formed by the currents in the two
conductors ?
11. The diagram shows a metal bar swinging like

a pendulum across a uniform magnetic field.
The motion induces as e.m.f between the
ends of the bar.
8. The number of turns between each pair of

output terminals of a transformer is shown in
the diagram.
Which graph represents this e.m.f during one

Between which two terminals will the output complete oscillation of the bar, starting and
be 12 V ? finishing at P ?
A. P and Q
B. Q and R
C. R and S

C. 2 V at 100 Hz
D. 4 V at 50 Hz
14. The electric circuit shown is used to study the

charging of a capacitor C
The neon lamp lights when the p.d across the

capacitor C reaches 110 V. The capacitor C
then discharges , the lamp goes out and the
p.d. across C slowly increases once more.
What id the effect of increasing the resistance
of R ?
A. the lamp lights up and goes out at the
12. Why is electrical energy usually transmitted at same rate
high voltage ? B. the lamp lights up and goes out less
A. As little energy as possible is wasted in frequently
the transmission cables C. the lamp lights up and goes out more
B. The current in the transmission cables is frequently
as large as possible D. the lamp will not go out at all
C. The resistance of the transmission cables
is as small as possible
D. The transmission system does not require 15. Four different substances are tested by using
transformers each as the core of an electromagnet.
The number of paper clips each holds is
13. Diagram 1 shows the oscilloscope trace recorded when there is a current in the
produced by an input of 2V at 50 Hz. electromagnet and when the current is
switched off.
Diagram 2 shows the trace from a different

input on the same oscilloscope
Which substance is the best for making the

core of a transformer ?
.
What is the value of the new input ?
A. 1 V at 50 Hz
B. 2 V at 25 Hz

16. On a stormy day, a large, positively-charged

cloud is above a tree.
An electrical charge is induced on the tree as 17. End X of a metal rod attracts the N-pole of a
charged particles flow through it. compass needle.
What does this show about the rod ?
A. it could be made of copper but is not
permanently magnetized.
B. it could be made of copper with a S-pole
at X
C. it could be made of steel but is not
permanently magnetized
D. it could be made of steel with a N-pole at
X
What is the charge induced on the tree and

how do the charged particles move ?
18. The diagram shows two resistors connected

in series with a cell.
A. P and Q
B. P and S
C. Q and R
D. R and S
Which statement defines the potential
difference across XY ? 20. In order to turn off both lamps, which is the
A. the power needed to drive a unit charge safest switch position ?
through the cell
B. the power needed to drive a unit charge
between X and Y
C. the work done in driving a unit charge
through the cell
D. the work done in driving a unit charge
between X and Y
19. Which two resistor combinations have the

same resistance between X and y ? 21. The diagram shows a beam of electrons
entering a magnetic field.

What is the effect of the magnetic filed on the

electrons ?
A. they are deflected into the plane of the
diagram
B. they are deflected out of the plane of the
diagram
C. they are deflected towards the bottom of What will produce a deflection in the same
the diagram direction ?
D. they are deflected towards the top of the A. pulling the N-pole out of end Q
diagram B. pulling the S-pole out of end P
C. pushing the N-pole into end P
22. A student pushes the N-pole of a bar magnet D. pushing the S-pole into end P
into the end Q of a long solenoid and
observes a deflection to the right on the
sensitive ammeter.
23. A simple a.c generator produces an alternating e.m.f as shown.
24. A step down transformer changes 240 V a.c How many turns are on the secondary coil ?
to 12 V a.c. There are 600 turns on the A. 20 C. 600
primary coil. B. 30 D. 12 000

25. What are high voltages and low currents used

to transmit electrical energy over long
distances ?
A. to increase the electromagnetic radiation
B. to increase the speed at which electrons
move
C. to reduce heat loss from the power line
D. to reduce the resistance of the power line
26. A variable potential divider has a sliding

contact S that can be moved between end P 29. The diagram shows a positively charged
and end Q. It is connected to a constant 6 V acetate strip and a negatively charged
power supply , as shown below. polythene strip that are freely suspended.
Two rods X and Y are bought up in turn to

What happens gradually from 6 V to 0 V these two strips. Rod X attracts the acetate
A. it deceases gradually from 6 V to 0 V strip but repels the polythene strip. Road Y
B. it rises gradually from 0 V to 6 V does not repel either the acetate strip or the
C. it stays constant at 0 V polythene strip.
D. it stays constant at 6 V Which type of change is on each rod ?
27. A capacitor C charges when it is connected to

a d.c. power supply.
30. A cell is connected to a resistor.

What is the e.m.f of the cell equal to ?
A. the potential difference across the resistor
Which arrows show the direction of the for each unit of current
conventional current when the capacitor is B. the power produced in the circuit for each
charging ? unit of charge that passes
A. 1 and 3 C. the work done in the circuit for each unit
B. 1 and 4 of charge that passes
C. 2 and 3 D. the work done in the circuit for each unit
D. 2 and 4 of current
28. Four plotting compasses are placed near a 31. A cell is connected in series with an ammeter
bar magnet. You may ignore any effects of the and a lamp. The current is 1 A.
Earth’s magnetic field.
In which position does the compass appears
like this,
In which circuit, using identical cells, lamps

and ammeters, is the current reading 2 A ?

34. An alternating current is passed through a

32. Which circuit contains a cell, a light-emitting wire stretched between the poles of a magnet.
diode and a fixed resistor ?
Which way will the wire move ?

A. left and right
B. right only
C. up and down
D. up only
35. X and Y are wires carrying electric current at

33. In each of the circuit below, a short circuit right angles to the page. P, Q and R are
occurs. plotting compasses. Any effect of the Earth’s
In which circuit would the fuse blow and make magnetic field has been ignored.
the circuit safe to repair ?
What is true about the direction and size of

the currents ?
36. A girl turns the handle of a small a.c.

generator four times each second. The
generator produces a maximum output
voltage of 0.5 V.

Which of these following graphs best shows 38. Electric energy is transmitted at high
this ? alternating voltages.
What is not a valid reason for doing this ?
A. at high voltage, a.c. is safer than d.c
B. for a given power, there is a lower current
with a higher voltage
C. there is a smaller power loss at higher
voltage and lower current
D. the transmission lines can be thinner with
a lower current
39. The diagram shows some of the important

parts of the tube of a cathode-ray
oscilloscope.
Which change in voltage results in the

position of the spot on the screen moving
towards the top ?
A. decreasing V1
B. decreasing V3
C. increasing V2
D. increasing V3
40. A thermistor is connected in a circuit with a 6

V cell, a 3000  resistor and a voltmeter, as
shown. The graph shows how the resistance
of the thermistor varies with temperature.
37. Which statement about the action of a

transformer is correct ?
A. an e.m.f. is induced in the secondary coil
when an alternating voltage is applied to
the primary coil.
B. An e.m.f is induced in the secondary coil
when there is a steady direct current in
the primary coil
C. The current in the secondary coil is
always larger than the current in the What is the temperature of the thermistor
primary coil when the voltmeter reads 2 V ?
D. The voltage in the secondary coil is A. 20 C C. 60 C
always larger than the voltage in the B. 40  C D. 80  C
primary coil.

41. The diagram show an iron nail in four different

situations.
In which diagram will the nail become an
induced magnet ?
42. The diagram shows parts of a loudspeaker.
Which type of current is passed through the

coil and why?
44. An electrical quantity is defined as ‘ the

energy converted by a source in driving a unit
charge round a complete circuit.’
What is this quantity called ?
A. current
B. electromotive force
43. In an electrostatics experiment , a plastic rod
C. potential difference
is rubbed with a cloth. The cloth becomes
D. power
negatively charged.
Which diagram shows the charge on the rod,
45. The diagram shows the current I/voltage V
and describes the movement of charge ?
graph for a length of resistance wire.
Where can Ohm’s law be applied to the wire ?

A. at Y only C. from X to Y
B. at Z only D. from X to Z

46. Diagram 1 shows a resistor connected to a C. raising the coil

battery, an ammeter and a voltmeter. D. raising the support of the spring
The ammeter reading is 0.5 A and the 49. Two parallel wires carry currents in the same
voltmeter reading is 3.0 V. direction.
A second identical resistor is now connected
in parallel with the first resistor , as shown in Which diagram shows the magnetic field
diagram 2. around each wire and the direction of the
force on each wire ?
What are the ammeter and voltmeter readings

in the circuit shown in diagram 2 ?
50. Why is a transformer used to connect a

47. How much energy is converted in a resistor of
generator in a power station to a long distance
5.0  carrying a current of 2.0 A for 10 transmission line ?
seconds ? A. to decrease the voltage and
A. 4.0 J C. 100 J decrease the current
B. 25 J D. 200 J B. to decrease the voltage and
increase the current
48. A permanent magnet moving up and down on C. to increase the voltage and
the end of a spring induces an e.m.f. in a coil. decrease the current
D. to increase the voltage and
increase the current
51. The table shows part of the colour code for

resistors.
Which resistor has a value of 4700  ?
Which factor, on its own, would decrease the

maximum value of the induced e.m.f. ?
A. increasing the number of turns in
the coil
B. increasing the strength of the
magnet

52. The diagram shows a brass rod and an iron

rod beside each other at the time of a
rectangular coil.
55. Two uncharged metal spheres, not touching

one another, are suspended by means of
cotton thread. A positively charged rod is
brought near.
What happens when a d.c. current passes

through the coil ?
A. only the brass rod is magnetized
B. only the iron rod is magnetized Which diagram shows what happens to the
C. the two rods attract each other spheres ?
D. the two rods repel each other
53. Four metal rods are placed, in turn, inside a

coil of copper wire.
Each rod is used to pick up as many paper

clips as possible.
The current is then switched off.
The table gives the results of the experiment.
Which rod is the most suitable core for a coil
in a circuit breaker ?
54. Which factors will both increase the resistance

of a wire in a circuit ?

56. Which graph best represents how current I Which diagram is correct ?
varies with voltage V in a component in which
the resistance increases as the current
increases.
57. At which point in the circuit is the current the

smallest ?
60. The diagram shows the circuit for a hair-dryer.
58. The diagram shows a circuit.
The fan has a power rating of 0.1 kW and the

heaters each have a rating of 0.4mkW. The
cost of electricity is 8 cents/K Wh.
What is the cost of running the dryer for two
hours with switches P and Q closed and
switch R is open ?
A. 1.6 cents
B. 3.2 cents
C. 6.4 cents
The ammeter has negligible resistance. D. 8.0 cents
What is the resistance of the resistor R ?
A. 0.5  61. In a d.c motor, the coil is wound on a soft iron
cylinder.
B. 1.5 
Why is soft iron used ?
C. 5  A. to increase the strength of the magnetic
D. 6  field
B. to increase the weight of the coil
59. The diagram show the Forces F between two C. to insulate the coil from the magnet
wires carrying current out of the page. The D. to prevent the coil from spinning too
magnetic fields close to the wires are also quickly
shown.

62. Which circuit shows the correct positions for 65. A wave form is displayed on a cathode-ray
the fuse and the switch in the lighting circuit of oscilloscope. The length of three cycles of the
a house ? waveform is 6 m.
The vertical gain and the time-base settings
are shown on the diagram.
63. The diagram shows how a magnet and a coil What is the time taken for one cycle of the
may be used to induce an electric current. waveform ?
A. 1 ms C. 4 ms
B. 2 ms D. 6 ms
66. A permanent magnet can be demagnetized by

using a solenoid and switching the current on
then off.
Which diagram shows the most effective
method of producing demagnetization ?
How could the ammeter reading be increased
?
A. move the coil more quickly
B. put resistor in series with the
ammeter
C. turn the magnet round, then move
the coil
D. use a coil with more turns
64. Four processes are used to charge an

isolated metal sphere.
P The sphere is earthed by touching it.
Q The earth connection is removed from the
sphere
R A charged rod is brought close to the
sphere
S The charged rod is removed
In which order should these processes be

carried out to charge the sphere ?
First last 67. Two insulated metal spheres X and Y are
A. P Q R S initially in contact. While a positively charged
B. P R S Q rod is near X the spheres are moved apart.
C. R P Q S After this action X has a negative charge.
D. R S P Q

Why is this ?
A. no current ever flows in the neutral lead of
the device
B. the device will be shorted if the switch is
in the earth lead
C. the device can never be switched off if the
switch is in the neutral lead
The charge on Y will be D. the device can only be isolated ( made
A. negative and smaller than that on X safe) id the switch is in the live lead
B. negative and the same size as that on X
C. positive and smaller than that on X 71. A house-owner replaced a failed fuse for the
D. positive and the same size as that on X lights of the house. When the lights were
switched on, the new fuse also failed. The
68. which combination of identical resistors gives house-owner then used another fuse with a
the lowest total resistance ? higher rating than the previous two.
Why was this not a sensible thing to do ?
A. fuses allow the circuit to work only if the
rating is exactly right
B. the fuse has already melted because the
rating was too high
C. using a fuse with too high rating would
cause electric shocks
D. a fuse with a higher rating might allow the
circuit to work, but the fault would not be
corrected
72. The diagram shows a beam of electrons

entering a magnetic field. The direction of the
field is into the page.
69. The diagram shows a voltmeter adapted to

measure a range from 0-100 mV. The
voltmeter is measuring the potential difference
in a circuit.
What will be the initial direction of the
deflection of the electrons as the beam
passes through the field ?
A. into the page
B. out of the page
C. towards the bottom of the page
D. towards the top of the page
73. The diagram shows a two-pole single-coil

electric motor.
What is the reading on the voltmeter ?
A. 0.06 mV
B. 0.6 mV
C. 6 mV
D. 60 mV
70. In an a.c. elecrtic circuit in a house, the switch

for any device is always connected to the ‘live’
lead.

The spilt-ring commutator reverses the current

in the coil as it rotates.
How many times is the current reversed if the
coil is rotated once ?
A.1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
74. Which statement about the action of a

transformer is correct ?
A. an alternating current always flows in the
secondary coil when an alternating
voltage is applied to the primary coil
B. the current in the secondary coil is larger
than the current in the primary coil
C. an e.m.f. is induced in the secondary coil
when an alternating voltage is applied to
the primary coil
D. an e.m.f. is induced in the secondary coil
when a steady direct current flows in the
primary coil
75. The diagram shows a trace on an

oscilloscope set at 5 V/cm on the vertical axis.
79. How could the unit of potential difference , the
volt, also be written ?
A. A/s C. C/J
B. C/A D. J/C
80. X and Y are lamps with filaments made from

the same material.
The filament of lamp X is thicker and shorter
than that of lamp Y.
When connected to the mains and switched
on , which is the brighter lamp and which lamp
What is the maximum value of the potential has the larger resistance ?
difference being measured ? Brighter lamp Larger
A. 1.5 V C. 7.5 V resistance
B. 3.0 V D. 15 V A X X
B X Y
76. A 24  resistor is to be connected in series C Y X
with a 12 V battery. D Y Y
What is the power loss in the resistor ?
A. 0.5 W C. 12W 81. A 1.0  resistor and a 2.0  resistor in
B. 6W D. 24 W series across a 12 V d.c. supply.
What is the current in the circuit ?
77. Which of the following will prove that a metal A. 0.25 A C. 6.0 A
bar is a permanent magnet ? B. 4.0A D. 12 A
A. it attracts another magnet
B. it attracts both ends of a compass 82. The cable to an electric fan becomes so worm
needle that the live wire makes electrical contact with
C. it conducts electricity the metal case. The case is earthed. The plug
D. it repels another magnet to the fan contains a 5 A fuse. There is a
current of 4 A when the fan works normally.
78. A positively charged rod is brought closed to What will happen ?
an insulated metal sphere. A. the current will run to earth and the fuse
Which diagram best shows the induced will not be affected.
charges on the sphere ? B. The fuse will melt and switch off the
circuit.

C. The metal case will become live and Which graph shows how the voltage varies
dangerous with time when the generator rotates at twice
D. The metal case will become very hot the original speed ?
83. A small heater operates at 12 V, 2A.

How much energy will it use when it is run 5
minutes ?
A. 30 J C. 1800 J
B. 120J D. 7200 J
84. Which of the following has no effect on the

size of the turning effect on the coil of an
electric motor.
A. the size of the current in the coil
B. the direction of the current in the
coil
C. the number of turns in the coil
D. the strength of the magnetic field
85. Why is electricity transmitted along power

lines at very high voltages?
A. to reduce the resistance of the cables
B. so that transformers can be used
C. to make sure that the current is the same
all the way along the power lines
D. to reduce loss of energy
86. A small coil is connected to a galvanometer

as shown below. When the magnet is allowed
to fall towards the coil, the galvanometer
pointer gives a momentary deflection to the
right of the zero position.
88. The diagram shows a circuit.
The magnet moves through the coil and , as it

falls away from the coil, the galvanometer
pointer
A. gives a continuous reading to the left
B. gives a momentary deflection to the left
C. gives a momentary deflection to the right What are the components X and Y ?
D. gives a continuous reading to the right
87. A simple a.c. generator produces a voltage

that varies with time as shown.
89. The following trace is shown on the screen of

an oscilloscope when it is connected to a

transformer. The scale is set at 5 V per

centimeter.
92. A wire of length 1.0 m has a resistance of 2.0

 . When connected to a cell , the current in
the wire is 3.0 A.
What is the value of the peak voltage ?

A. 4 V C. 10 V
B. 5 V D. 20 V
90. The diagram shows a circuit with a potential

divider joined in series with a fixed resistor.
A 2.0 m length of the same wire is connected
to the same cell.
What are the minimum and maximum What is the resistance of the wire and the
readings that can be obtained on the current in it ?
voltmeter when the potential divider is
adjusted ?
93. In the circuit shown, at which point is the

current is smallest ?
91. A bar magnet is broken into three parts X,Y

and Z.
Which diagram shows the poles in X,Y and Z

?

94. The potential difference between the ends of

a conductor is 12 V.
How much electrical energy is converted to
other forms of energy in the conductor when
100 C of charge flows through it ?
A. 0.12 J C. 88 J
B. 8.3 J D. 1200 J
95. An electrical engineer connects a diode to a

radio so that :
If the battery is connected the right way round
the radio works,
If the battery is connected the wrong way
there is no current.
Which diagram is correct ?
97. A small coil is connected to a sensitive

ammeter. The ammeter needle can move to
either side of the zero position.
When the magnet is allowed to fall towards
the coil, the ammeter needle moves quickly to
the right of the zero position.
96. Which circuit shows how the heater in an

electric iron and a fuse should be connected
to a mains electricity supply ?
The magnet moves through the coil.

How does the ammeter needle moves as the
magnet falls away from the coil ?

A. it does not move

B. it gives a steady reading to the right
C. it moves quickly to the left of the zero
position and then returns to zero
D. it moves quickly to the right of the zero
position and then returns to zero
98. A catode-ray oscilloscope is connected to an Which change increases the deflection of the
a.c generator. spot on the screen ?
a wave is shown on the screen. A. decreasing the distance from the
deflection plates to the screen
B. increasing the length of the deflection
plates
C. increasing the potential difference
between cathode and anode
D. increasing the separation of the deflection
What is the effect on the trace if the plates
generator’s speed of rotation s doubled ?
101. A student tries to magnetize a short steel
rod.
which of these tests will show that he has
been successful ?
A. both ends of a permanent magnet attracts
the rod
B. one end of a permanent magnet repels
the rod
C. the rod picks up a small piece of paper
D. when freely suspended, the rod points in
99. In which circuit will a lamp glow more brightly any direction
when less light shines on a light-dependent
resistor ? 102. Why can birds stand on an overhead high
voltage transmission line without suffering any
harm ?
A. their bodies have a very high resistance
B. their feet are very good insulators
C. the spaces between their feathers act as
insulators
D. they are not connected to earth.
103. The diagram below shows a cell

connected in series with an ammeter and
there resistors ( 10  , 20  , 30  ). The
circuit can be completed by a moveable
contact M.
100. The diagram shows the design of a

cathode-ray oscilloscope tube.
There is a conatsnt potential difference across
the deflection plates.
When M is connected to X, the ammeter

reads 0.6 A.

What is the ammeter reading when M is In which direction does the coil move?
connected to Y ? A. along the magnetic field
A. 0.1 A C. 0.3A B. from X to Y
B. 0.2 A D. 0.6 A C. out of the paper
D. turns about the axis
104. In the circuit shown , the battery lights up
all four lamps. 108. A magnet is pushed horizontally towards
When one of the lamp filaments melts, the a coil of insulated wire, inducing an e.m.f in
other three lamps stay on. the coil.
Which lamp filament melts ?
In which direction does the induced e.m.f.

make the coil move ?
A. away from the magnet
B. towards the magnet
105. A combined bathroom unit of a heater and C. downwards
a lamp is controlled by one switch. The unit D. upwards
contains a 2 kW heater and a 100 W lamp. In
one week, the lamp uses 1 kWh of electrical 109. A step-up transformer with 100 %
energy. efficiency has an input voltage of 3 V and an
How much electrical energy is used by the input current of 2 A.
heater alone ?
A. 2 kWh C. 10kWh
B. 4 kWh D. 20kWh
106. An electric kettle is plugged in and

switched on. The fuse in the plug blows
immediately.
Which single fault could cause this ? Under these conditions , what output voltage
A. the earth wire is not connected to and output current could be obtained ?
the kettle
B. the live wire and neutral wire
connections in the plug are
swapped around
C. the live wire touches the metal
case of the kettle
D. the wire connected to the plug are
too thin
110. Why is a reed relay used in a switching
107. A coil, carrying a current, is arranged
circuit ?
within a magnetic field. The coil experiences
A. to switch on a small current using a large
forces that can make it move.
current
B. to switch on a small voltage using a large
voltage
C. to switch on a large current using a small
current
D. to switch on a large voltage using a large
current
111. a potential divider consists of an LDR and

a resistor connected to a 6 V battery.

What should be the resistance of the LDR for

the output to be 3 V ? 114. Two insulated and uncharged metal
A. 0 spheres X and Y are touching. While a
B. Between 0 and 10 000  positively charged rod is near X, the spheres
C. 10 000  are moved apart. After this action , X has a
D. More than 10 000  negative charge.
112. A current in a solenoid creates a magnetic

filed.
What will be the charge on Y ?

A. negative and smaller than that on X
B. negative and the smaller size as that on X
C. positive and smaller than that on X
D. positive and the same size as that on X
What is the effect on the magnetic field at the 115. A wire has a resistance of 8  . A second
point P of using a larger current in the wire, made of the same material, has half the
opposite direction ? length and twice the cross-sectional area.
What is the resistance of the second wire ?
A. 1  C. 8 
B. 2  D. 16 
116. Two resistors of 6  and 12  are

arranged in parallel. A p.d. is connected
across the terminals X and Y. the current
through the 6  resistor is 4 A.
113. A metal ring screens a piece of equipment
from magnetic field.
What is the current in the ammeter ?

A. 4 A C. 8 A
B. 6 A D. 12 A
117. Which of the following would cost the

least if operated from the same voltage supply
?
Which metal should be used for the ring, and A. a 5000 W electric cooker used for 1
why ? minute
B. a 1000 W electric fire used for 10 minutes
C. a 500 W electric iron used for 1 hour
D. a 100 W lamp used for 1 day

118. A copper wire is held between the poles

of a magnet.
When the coil is part of a d.c motor, what

must be connected directly to X and Y ?
A. d.c. supply
B. slip rings
C. soft-iron core
D. split-ring commutator
The current in the wire can be reversed. The
poles of the magnet can also be changed 121. Why is electrical energy usually
over. transmitted at high voltage ?
In how many of the four directions shown can A. as little energy as possible is
the force act on the wire ? wasted in the transmission cables
A. 1 C. 3 B. the current in the transmission
B. 2 D. 4 cables is as large as possible
C. the resistance of the transmission
cables is as small as possible
119. A transformer has more turns on the D. the transmission system does not
secondary coil than on the primary. The graph require transformers
shows how the input voltage varies with time.
122. The diagram shows the output waveform
of an a.c. generator as displayed on a
cathode-ray oscilloscope. The horizontal scale
is 5 ms/cm.
Which graph, drawn to the same scale as the

input graph, shows how the output voltage
varies with time ?
What is the time for one complete rotation of

the coil of the generator ?
A. 5 ms C. 20 ms
B. 10 ms D. 30 ms
123. A capacitor can be made to store energy

by connecting it to a d.c. power supply.
Along which paths do electrons flow as the

capacitor starts to charge ?
A. from X to plate 1 only
B. from X to plate 1 and from plate 2 to Y
120. The diagram shows a coil in a magnetic C. from Y to plate 2 and from plate 1 to X
field. D. from Y to plate 2 only

124. The diagram shows a model railway

signal.
What is the potential difference across the

bulb ?
A. 5 V C. 24 V
What does the end P do when the switch is B. 12 V D. 120 V
closed ?
A. it goes down and stays down 129. A student sets up the circuit shown.
B. it goes up and stays up
C. it goes down and then returns to
its original position
D. it goes up and then returns to its
original position.
125. Which part of a vedio tape recording

system does not rely on magnetic material for
its operation ?
A. the drive motor
B. the power lead
C. the transformer
D. the video tape
126. A positively charged insulated metal The currents measured with the ammeters are
sphere is brought close to, but not touching, a shown.
similar uncharged metal sphere. Which equation is correct ?
Which diagram shows the charge distribution

on the spheres ?
130. The following circuit is set up.
127. Under which condition does Ohm’s law

apply ?
A. the current must be constant
B. the power must be constant
C. the temperature must be constant
D. the voltage must be constant What is the reading on ammeter ?
A. 0.33 A C. 0.67 A
128. a battery is used to light a 24 W electric B. 0.50 A D. 1.0 A
lamp. The battery provides a charge of 120 C
in 60 s.

131. Energy is represented by the letter E,

current by I, power by P, charge by Q, p.d. by
V and time by t.
Which pair of equations is correct ?
A. E = It and P = VIt
B. E = VQ/t and P = VI
C. E = VIT and P = VI
D. E =VQ and P = VI/t
132. The case of an electric fan is earthed.

The plug to the fan contains a 5 A fuse. There How does transformer X affect the voltage
is a current of 4 A when the fan works and the current from the power station ?
normally.
The cable to the fan becomes so worn that
the live wire makes electrical contact with the
metal case.
What happens ?
A. the current flows to earth and fuse
is not affected
B. the fuse melts and switches off
the circuit
C. the metal case becomes live and 136. In the circuit shown, all lamps are
dangerous identical and all cells are identical. The
D. the metal case becomes very hot resistance of the coil of the reed switch is
negligible.
133. The diagram shows the a beam of
electrons entering a magnetic filed . The
direction of the field is into the page.
In which direction are the electrons deflected

?
A. Into the page One cell lights one lamp to normal brightness.
B. Out of the page What is the brightness of the lamps when
C. Towards the bottom of the page switch Y is closed ?
D. Towards the top of the page
134. Which single coil motor will have the

largest turning effect ?
135. The diagram shows transformers and

cables used to transmit electrical energy over
log distances.

137. Which diagram best shows the pattern of

field lines around a bar magnet ?
141. A 20  resistor and a 10  resistor are

connected in parallel.
What is their combined resistance ?

A. less than 10 
B. 10 
C. 20 
D. More than 20 
142. The diagram shows an incomplete circuit.
Which component should be connected in the

space to make the lamp light ?
138. Which materials are suitable to make a

permanent magnet and the core of an
electromagnet ?
143. Why are the electric lamps in a house

lighting circuit normally connected in parallel ?
A. the current in every circuit must
be the same
B. the lamps are always switched on
and off at the same time
139. Which two electric quantities are C. the voltage across each lamp
measured in volts ? must be the mains voltage
A. current and e.m.f. D. when one of the lamps blows, all
B. current and resistance the others go out
C. e.m.f. and potential difference
D. potential difference and 144. In the circuit shown , one of the fuses
resistance blows and all the lamps go out.
Which fuse blows ?
140. Which of the following pieces of copper
wire has the greatest electrical resistance ?

148. An alternating potential difference (p.d.) is

applied to the Y-plates of a cathode-ray
oscilloscope.
The time-base is turned off.
Which of the following pattern would appear
145. When electricity is transmitted over long on the screen ?
distances, energy is wasted. How can the
wasted energy be kept as small as possible ?
A. keep the current in the transmission
lines as large as possible
B. keep the power supplied to the
transmission lines as large as possible
C. keep the resistance of the transmission
lines as large as possible
D. keep the voltage supplied to the
transmission lines as large as possible
146. The diagram shows a transformer.

149. A student wishes to use a magnetizing
coil to make a permanent magnet from a
piece of metal.
What is the voltmeter reading ?

A. 1.2 V C. 120V
B. 12 V D. 1200 V
147. The diagram shows part of a circuit used Which metal should she use ?
to switch street lamps on and off A. aluminum
automatically. B. copper
C. iron
D. steel
150. A metal rod XY is placed near a magnet.

End X is attached when it is placed near to
the north pole of the magnet, and also when it
is placed near to the south pole.
What is the effect on the light-dependent

resistor (LDR) when it gets dark ?

Which two ammeters are faulty ?

A. A1 and A2
B. A1 and A4
C. A2 and A3
D. A3 and A4
153. Which electrical component would not

normally be found in a battery-operated torch
How does end Y behave when it is placed, in ( flash light) ?
turn, near to the two poles of the magnet ?
151. When the potential difference (p.d.) 154. A student makes four circuits.
across a piece of resistance wire is changed, In which circuit are both lamps protected by
the current through the wire also changes. the fuse ?
The temperature of the wire is kept the same.
Which graph shows how the p.d. and current
are related ?
152. Two faulty ammeters and two perfect

ammeters are connected in series in the
circuit shown.
155. Four lamps are labeled ’60 W 240V’

In which circuit are the lamps connected so
The readings on the ammeters are that they all work at normal brightness ?
A1 2.9 A
A2 3.1 A
A3 3.1 A
A4 3.3 A

Which of the following would give a zero

reading on the voltmeter ?
A. holding the magnet stationary
inside the solenoid
B. moving the magnet away from the
solenoid
C. moving the magnet towards the
solenoid
D. moving the solenoid towards the
magnet
159. The diagram below shows the screen of a

cathode-ray oscilloscope tube.
156. The diagram shows a transformer with an

alternating voltage of 100 V applied to the
primary coil.
The tube is [laced between a pair of charged

plates.
Which diagram shows the new position of the
spot ?
What is the voltage produced across the

secondary coil ?
A. 50 V C. 200 V
B. 100 V D. 8000 V
157. How can a permanent magnet be

demagnetized ?
A. cool the magnet for a long time
B. hit the magnet repeatedly with a
hammer
C. leave the magnet in a coil which
carries direct current
D. pass a small current through the
magnet
158. The diagram shows a solenoid connected
to a sensitive voltmeter.

160. An electrical component X is placed in

water, as shown.
164. A polythene rod repels an inflated balloon

hanging from a nylon thread.
When the temperature of the water is What charges must the rod and the balloon
increases, the reading on the ammeter carry ?
increases. A. the rod and the balloon carry
What is component X ? opposite charges.
A. capacitor B. The rod and the balloon carry like
B. a light-dependent resistor charges
C. a reed relay C. The rod is charged but the
D. a thermistor balloon is not
D. The balloon is charged but the
161. A student connects two lamps in the rod is not
circuit shown.
165. An electrical component is to be placed in
the circuit at Z, to allow the brightness of the
lamp to be varied from bright to dim.
What should be connected at Z ?

Which switches must he close to light
both lamps ?
A. 1 and 2 C. 1 and 3
B. 1,2 and 3 D. 2 and 3
162. An electromagnet is used to separate

magnetic metals from non-magnetic metals.
Why is steel unsuitable as the core of the
electromagnet ?
A. it is a good conductor of electricity
166. Which electric quantity is measured in
B. it forms a permanent magnet
farad ?
C. it has a high density
A. current
D. it has a high thermal capacity
B. capacitance
C. current and resistance
163. Which circuit shows a voltmeter is
D. potential difference
connected to measure the potential
difference across the cell ?

170. A straight wire carrying a current

167. The circuit shown contains four lamps and produces a magnetic field.
three switches. Which diagram shows the correct shape of
the field ?
Which switches must be closed to light only

lamps 1 and 3 ?
A. switch 1 only
B. switch1 and switch 2 only
C. switch1 and switch 3 only
D. switch2 and switch 3 only
168. The diagram shows a torch containing

two 2 V cells, a switch and a lamp. 171. A student carries out an experiment to
see the effect of a magnetic field on a wire
carrying a current.
The wire moves upwards as shown.
What is the circuit diagram for the torch ?
What should the student do to make the wire

move downwards ?
A. change the direction of the
current
B. move the poles of the magnet
closer together
C. send a smaller current through
the wire
D. use a stronger magnet
172. A beam of cathode rays passes through

169. Which statement is correct ? an electric field between two parallel plates.
A. a fuse is included in a circuit to prevent
the current becoming too high
B. a fuse should be connected to the neutral
wire in plug
C. an electric circuit will only work if it
includes a fuse
D. an earth wire is needed to prevent the
fuse blowing
In which direction is the beam deflected ?
A. into the page

B. out of the page

173. Which material is used for the core of an

electromagnet ?
A. aluminium
B. copper
C. iron
D. steel
174. A brass rod is positioned in an east-west

direction and plotting compass is placed at
each end.
Which diagram shows the positions of the

needles of the plotting compasses ?
177. In the circuit below , X and Y are identical

6 V lamps.
175. How many of the following materials

conduct electricity ?
Aluminium
Silver
Iron
Plastic
A. 1 C. 3
What happens when the switch is closed ?
B. 2 D. 4
A. X lights more brightly than Y
B. Y lights more brightly than X
176. In which circuit does the voltmeter read
C. X and Y light with equal
the potential difference across the lamp ?
brightness
D. Neither X nor Y light
178. The diagram shows a circuit with three

ammeters X, Y and Z.
Which set of readings is possible ?

The fuse has blown and stopped the circuit.

What could have caused this ?
A. the current rating of the fuse was
too high
B. the current was too large
C. the lamp was loose
D. the voltage was too small
181. Which graph shows the output voltage

179. A lamp is to be connected in a circuit so from a simple a.c generator ?
that the p.d. across it can be varied from 0 to
6 V.
Which circuit would be most suitable ?
182. A transformer has 50 turns on its primary

coil and 100 turns on its secondary coil. An
a.c voltage of 25.0 V connected across the
primary coil.
What is the voltage across the secondary coil

?
A. 12.5 V C. 175. V
B. 50.0V D. 200 V
180. A student makes the circuit shown. 183. Two circuits are set up as shown. The
iron rods are placed close together, and are
free to move.

What happens to the size of the graph at X

when switch S is closed ?
A. it decreases 188. When a plastic comb is placed next to a
B. it decreases then increases small piece of aluminium foil hanging from a
C. it increases nylon thread, the foil is repelled by the comb.
D. it does not change Why is this ?
A. the comb is charged and the foil
is uncharged
184. The diagram shows a simple cathode-ray B. the comb is uncharged and the
tube. foil is charged
Which part emits the electrons ? C. the comb and the foil have
charge of opposite signs
D. the comb and the foil have charge
of the same sign
189. Which symbol represents an electrical

component used to store energy ?
185. A student investigates which end of a

magnetic compass needle is attracted to bar
magnet.
What does the investigation show ?
A. both ends of the compass needle are
attracted by the north pole of the
magnet
B. both ends of the compass needle are 190. Four lamps and four switches are
attracted by the south pole of the connected to a power supply as shown in the
magnet circuit diagram.
C. one end of the compass needle are When all the switches are closed, all the
attracted by the north pole and the other lamps are lit.
end by the south pole When one of the switches is opened, only ne
D. the compass needle is not attracted by lamp goes out.
either end of the magnet Which switch is opened ?
186. From which materials are the coil and the

core of an electromagnet made ?
191. Four resistors and an ammeter are

connected to a battery as shown.
187. What are the symbols used for the units The ammeter reads 2 A.
of current and resistance ? Which of the four labeled points in the circuit
is the only one where the current is less than
2 A.

What are suitable numbers of turns for coil X

and for coil Y ?
192. Why is a fuse used in an electrical circuit

in a house ?
A. to increase the circuit resistance
B. to keep the power used to a
minimum value
C. to prevent a short-circuit from
occurring 196. A cathode –ray tube has an anode and an
D. to stop the cables from carrying earthed cathode.
too much current Which line in the table shows the charge and
the temperature of the anode ?
193. An electric power tool is being used
outdoors in a shower of rain.
What is the greatest hazard to the user ?
A. the cable gets hot and causes
burns
B. the circuit-breaker cuts off the
current
C. the current passes through water
and causes a shock
D. the tool rusts 197. Small particles of metal are scattered
near a bar magnet to show the pattern of the
194. A current-carrying coil in a magnetic field magnetic field.
experiences a turning effect. Which metal is suitable ?
A. aluminium
B. brass
C. copper
D. iron
198. A strong electromagnet is used to attract

pins.
How can the turning effect be increased ?

A. increase the number of turns on
the coil
B. reduce the size of the current What happens when the current in the coil is
C. reverse the direction of the halved ?
magnetic field A. no pins are attracted
D. use thinner wire for the coil B. fewer pins are attracted
C. the same number of pins is
195. A transformer is to be used to produce a 6 attracted
V out put from a 24 V input. D. many more pins are attracted

199. Four plotting compasses are placed near A. it has gained electrons
a bar magnet. B. it has gained neutrons
Which plotting compass is shown in the C. it has lost electrons
correct direction ? D. it has lost neutrons
203. The circuit contains a relay.
When switch S is closed, what is the state of

the lamps ?
200. Four wires are made from the same

material.
Which wire has the greatest resistance ?
204. Which diagram shows a circuit that will

allow the lamps to be switched on and off
independently ?
201. Which circuit is a variable potential divider

( potentiometer) ?
205. What is the symbol of fuse ?
206. A cable in a house is carrying too much

current.
202. A plastic rod is rubbed with a dry cloth
What is the greatest danger ?
and becomes positively charged.
A. appliances not working
Why has the rod becomes positively
B. electric shock
charged ?
C. fire
D. low power

207. A coil is rotated steadily between the

poles of a magnet. The coil is connected to an
oscilloscope, which shows a graph of voltage
output against time.
In which direction is the beam deflected ?

A. into the page
B. out of the page
210. A piece of magnetized steel is placed

inside a coil of wire that has a large
Which graph shows the voltage output against alternating current passing through it. The
time ? magnet is slowly moved out of the coil to
position P.
How has the steel changed when it

reaches P ?
A. it has become demagnetized
B. there has been no change
C. it has become a stronger magnet
208. The diagram shows a lamp connected to D. the poles have changed ends
a transformer.
211. In which circuit does the ammeter read
the total current through both resistors ?
What is the potential difference across the

lamp ?
A. 2.4 V C. 60 V
B. 12 V D. 240V
209. A beam of cathode rays passing through

an electric field between two parallel plates.

212. A permanent magnet is placed closer to a At which labeled point should a switch be
bar of soft iron PQ. placed so that lamp 1 remains on all the time
and lamp 2 can be switched on and off ?
216. The device X in this circuit is designed to

cut off the electricity supply automatically if
too much current flows.
What happens ?
A. P becomes a north pole
B. P becomes a south pole
C. PQ does not become magnetized
D. The poles of the magnet are
reversed
213. The table shows the voltage and current

ratings for four light bulbs. What is device X ?
Which bulb has the greatest resistance when A. a fuse
used normally ? B. a relay
C. a resistor
D. an ammeter
217. A class room has four lights, each fitted

with a lamp marked 240V, 100 W.
Which circuit is most suitable for the class
room ?
214. In the following circuits, the resistors have

the same value and the cells are identical.
Which circuit has the smallest resistance ?
215. The diagram shows a circuit, with four

possible positions to place a switch. 218. Charged particles are emitted from the
cathode of an oscilloscope.
What is the name and charge of these
particles ?

219. Which graph shows the output of a simple

a.c. generator ?
Which poles are formed at X and Y ?
222. Diagram 1 shows a potential divider

220. When the electric current in wire XY is in
the direction shown, there is an upward force circuit containing two 100  resistors.
on the wire.
One of the resistors is changed to 90  ,

as shown in diagram 2.
How does the reading on the voltmeter

If the north and south poles of the magnet change when this is done ?
exchange positions, in which direction will the A. it becomes zero
force on the wire act ? B. it dearness a little
A. downwards C. it increases a little
B. upwards D. it stays the same
C. to the left
D. to the right
223. A steel ball on a horizontal wooden table

221. A steel bar is magnetized by stroking it rolls near the north pole of a bar magnet that
several times with the south pole of a magnet, is lying on the table.
as shown. Which diagram shows the most likely path of
the ball, as seen from above the table ?

226. Four students are asked to draw a circuit

showing three lamps working in parallel, a
cell, and a switch that controls all three lamps.
Which student is correct ?
224. A student wants to find the resistance of

resistor R using a voltmeter and an ammeter.
Which circuit should the student use ?
225. Two very light, charged balls P an Q are

hung, one above the other, from nylon
threads. When a negatively charged plastic
sheet is placed alongside them, P is repelled 227. A 3.0  lamp and a 6.0  lamp are
and Q is attracted. connected in series.
What is the total resistance of the
combination ?
A. 0.5  C. 9.0 
B. 2.0  D. 18.0 
228. Why is a circuit breaker or fuse used in a

mains electric circuit ?
A. it allows spare current to be returned to
the mains.
B. It improves the insulation of the wiring
C. It protects the mains wiring from current
overload
D. It saves energy by reducing the current
What are the original charges on P and
on Q ?

A. the resistance of the lamp

229. The diagram shows two ways in which decreases
three lamps may be connected. B. the resistance of the lamp
increases
C. the resistance of the thermistor
decreases
D. the resistance of the thermistor
increases
233. A circuit is set up with a gap between two

terminals X and Y. The four strips of material
shown in the diagram are connected in turn
across the gap.
Which strip completes the circuit so that the
lamp lights ?
Which statement is correct ?

A. if lamp Y breaks in circuit 1 , both the
other lamps will go out.
B. if lamp Y breaks in circuit 2, both the other
lamps will go out.
C. if lamp Y breaks in circuit 1, lamp Z will go
out, but lamp X will remain on
D. if lamp Y breaks in circuit 2, lamp Z will go 234. A pupil measures the potential difference
out, but lamp X will remain on. across a device and the current in it.
Which calculation gives the resistance of the
230. How is electricity transmitted over large device ?
distances and why is it transmitted in this way A. current + potential difference
? B. current  potential difference
C. potential difference  current
D. potential difference  current
235. Which circuit could be used to find the

resistance of resistor R ?
231. In a cathode-ray tube, particles are given

off from a hot cathode by thermo ionic
emission.
Which particles are given off ?
A. atoms
B. electrons
C. ions
D. protons
232. When the thermistor in the circuit below is

heated, the lamp becomes brighter.
Why does this happen ?

236. In a circuit shown, the reading on 240. A mains circuit can safely supply a current
ammeter 1 is 2 A. of 40 A.
A hair-drier takes 2 A. It is connected to the
circuit by a lead which can carry up to 5 A.
Which of these fuses would be best to use in
the plug fitted to the hair-drier lead ?
A. 1 A fuse C. 10 A fuse
B. 3 A fuse D. 50 A fuse
241. The diagram represents a transformer.
What is the reading on ammeter 2 ?

A. 0 A C. 2 A
B. 1 A D. 4 A
237. In which position in the circuit shown Which arrangement could be used to make
should a switch be placed so that both lamps the output voltage higher than the input
can be switched on or off at the same time ? voltage ?
238. In the circuit shown, all the resistors are

identical.
Which circuit has the least resistance ?
242. A student sets up the apparatus shown in
order to make a relay.
239. Why are electric circuits often fitted with

fuses ? Which metal should be used to make the
A. fuses break the circuit if the core ?
current is too high A. aluminium
B. fuses only allow the current B. copper
through in the correct direction C. iron
C. fuses return any excess current to D. steel
earth
D. fuses use up any spare current

243. Which particles are emitted in thermo

ionic emission ?
A. electrons
B. ions
C. neutrons
D. protons
244. How many of the following methods could

be used to demagnetize a piece of steel ?
Heating it until it is red hot
Pulling it from a coil that is carrying an
alternating current
Placing it in an east-west direction and
hammering it
Putting it in a coil which is carrying a direct
current
A. 1 C. 3
B. 2 D. 4
247. The table shows the voltage and current
245. Two rods X and Y look the same. ratings for four electric heaters.
Which heater has the least resistance ?
248. Which component can store energy for

use in time delay circuits ?
The N pole of a magnet is brought close, in A. capacitor
turn, to each end of both rods. The results of B. potentiometer
these four actions are shown in the table. C. resistor
D. thermistor
249. When the circuit shown is connected with

switch S open, the 6 V lamp glows.
Which of the rods is a permanent magnet ?

A. neither of the rods
B. both of the rods
C. rod X only
D. rod Y only
246. Which circuit should be used to find the

resistance of a lamp ? What happens to the brightness of the lamp
when switch S is closed ?
A. it becomes brighter
B. it remains the same
C. it becomes dimmer
D. it goes off

250. Why are the electric lamps in a house

lighting circuit normally connected in parallel ?
A. the current in every circuit must
be the same
B. the lamps are always switched on
and off at the same time
C. the voltage across each lamp
must be the mains voltage
D. when one of the lamps blows, all 253. The diagrams show a straight wire
the others go out carrying a current into the paper.
Which diagram shows the magnetic field
251. In the circuit shown, one of the fuses pattern due to this current ?
blows and all the lamps go out
Which fuse blows ?
252. Which arrangement may be used to step

up a voltage ?
254. A magnet is suspended from a spring so

that it can move freely inside a coil which is
connected to a sensitive centre-zero
ammeter.
What does the ammeter show when the

magnet vibrates slowly up and sown ?
A. a reading constantly changing
from left to right and right to left
B. a steady reading to the left
C. a steady reading to the right
D. a steady zero reading

255. Charged particles are emitted from the

cathode of an oscilloscope.
What is the name and the charge of these
particles ?
The results are as follows.

End Q : attracts end R
Attracts end S
Attracts end T
Repels end U.
256. A student uses three small plotting
Which of the metal rods is a magnet ?
compasses to investigate the magnetic filed
A. rod 1 only
around a bar magnet.
B. rod 1 and rod 2 only
Which diagram shows the directions in which
C. rod 1 and rod 3 only
the compass needles point ?
D. rod 3 only
258. A student wishes to measure the

electromotive force ( e.m.f.) of a battery and
the potential difference (p.d.) across a
resistor.
She has the resistor, the battery and some
connecting wires.
What else does she need ?
A. a voltmeter only
B. an ammeter only
C. an ammeter and a voltmeter
D. a force meter(Newton meter) and
a volt meter
259. Which particle does not experience a

force due to an electric filed ?
A. alpha particle
B. electron
C. neutron
D. proton
260. A student uses a length of wire as a

resistor. He discovers that the resistance of
the wire is too small.
To be certain of making a resistor of higher
value, he should use a piece of wire that is
A. longer and thicker
B. longer and thinner
C. shorter and thicker
D. shorter and thinner
257. The ends of three metal rods are tested 261. Which graph shows how the resistance of
by holding end Q of rod 1 close to the others a thermistor changed with temperature ?
in turn .

264. The graph shows the voltage input to a

step-down transformer.
Which diagram shows the voltage output from

the transformer ?
262. In the circuit below, one of the lamps

breaks, causing all the other lamps to go out.
Which lamp breaks ?
263. Circuit breakers are used with electrical

appliances as safety devices. 265. An electric heater is connected to the
Which description is correct for a circuit- mains using insulated copper wires. The wires
breaker ? become very warm.

What can be done to prevent so much heat What are the charges on Q and on R ?
being produced in the connecting wires ?
A. use thicker copper wires
B. use thinner copper wires
C. use thicker insulation
D. use thinner insulation
266. The diagram shows an electrical device.
269. The circuit shows a current I in a resistor

of resistance R.
Which line gives possible values of I and

of R ?
What is this electrical device ?
A. a d.c. motor
B. an a.c. generator
C. a magnetizing coil
D. a transformer
267. Particles are emitted by a heated cathode

in a cathode-ray tube.
270. The circuit shows in the diagram contains

an unknown component X, hidden in a box.
The voltage-current graph for X is as shown.
What are these particles ?

A. atoms
B. electrons
C. neutrons
D. protons
268. Three charged balls P,Q and R are

suspended by insulated threads. Ball P is
negatively charged.
What is the component X ?

A. a capacitor C. a metallic resistor
B. a closed switch D. an open switch

271. Four lamps are connected in a circuit as D. voltmeter 1, voltmeter 2 and

shown in the diagram. voltmeter 3
Each lamp is designated to operate at 12 V.
274. A householder asks an electrician to
install a mains electrical socket in her
bathroom so that she may use a hairdryer
there. The electrician refuses to do this
because it would be dangerous.
Why would installing the socket be dangerous
?
A. the current drawn by the hairdryer would
cause overheating in the cables
The circuit is now switched on. B. the handling of electrical equipment in
Which statement is correct ? damp conditions could cause an electric
A. each lamp can be switched off shock.
independently C. The hot air produced by the hairdryer
B. if one lamp breaks all the others would cause the fuse to melt
will stay alight. D. The temperature in the bathroom would
C. The current is the same in all the damage the insulation
lamps.
D. The lamps will all light at normal 275. How is electricity transmitted over large
brightness distances and why is it transmitted in this way
?
272. The diagram shows a battery connected
to three identical resistors. Four ammeters A,
B, C and D are connected in the circuit.
Which ammeter shows the smallest reading ?
276. Which parts of an a.c. generator slide

past each other when the generator is working
?
A. brushes and coil
B. coil and magnets
C. magnets and slip rings
273. In the circuit shown, the switch is closed D. split rings and brushes
for a long time, then opened.
277. The diagram shows a cathode-ray tube.
What must be done to deflect the electron

Immediately after the switch is opened, which beam upwards ?
voltmeters will read zero ? A. Make X1 more positive than X2
A. voltmeter 1 only B. Make X2 more positive than X1
B. voltmeter 2 only C. Make Y1 more positive than Y2
C. voltmeter3 only D. Make Y2 more positive than Y1

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