HIGH SCHOOL BUKIT MERTAJAM

Additional Mathematics Project Work Form 5

Year 2017

CONNECTING PROGRESSION TO DAILY LIFE

Name : Vaithesvary a/p Krishinasamy

Class : 5 USM

I/C No : 000728-07-0440

Add Maths Teacher’s Name : Pn. Ong Mei Ching

Group Members : 1) Ravind a/l Vijayandran

2) Lee Yi Yun

3) Anand a/l Gopi

 Acknowledgement

I would like to express my special thanks to my

teacher, Pn.Ong Mei Ching as well as my friends
who guided and helped a lot throughout the
project. This project on the topic Progression,
helped me in doing a lot of research. I honestly
came to know about so many new things and I
truly appreciate it. Secondly, I would also like to
thank my group members who helped me in
finalizing this project within the limited time
frame.
 CONTENT

1 Introduction
2 Assignment 1
3 Assignment 2
4 Assignment 3
5 Assignment 4
6 Conclusion
7 Reflection
8 Reference
 INTRODUCTION

The title that I chose for this assignment is Connecting Progression To

Daily Life. As we all know, most of the thing that we see and phenomena
that we experience are most related to Additional Mathematics.
Progression is the main topic for this assignment. What is Progression?
Progression is a set of number arranged in some particular order.
Progression can be divided into two; Arithmetic Progression and
Geometric Progression.
Arithmetic Progression starts with a first term and a have a common
difference. We denote the first term with the letter a and the common
difference with letter d.
Geometric Progression starts with a first term and have a common ratio.
We denote the first term with the letter a and the common ratio with
letter r.
ASSIGNMENT 1

COMPANY A (ALI)
Starting monthly pay : RM 900.00 a= 900
Monthly increment : RM 50.00 d= 50

COMPANY B (AHMAD)
Starting monthly pay : RM 750.00 a= 750
Monthly increment : RM 60.00 d= 60

A) METHOD 1
T𝑛 = a + (n-1)d

COMPANY A (ALI) COMPANY B (AHMAD)

T𝑛 = 900 + (n-1) 50 T𝑛 = 750 + ( n-1) 60

900 + (n-1) 50 = 750 + ( n-1) 60

900 + 50n -5n = 750 + 60n - 60
850 + 50n = 690 + 60n
850 - 690 = 60n - 50n
160 = 10 n
n = 16

COMPANY A ( ALI) COMPANY B ( AHMAD)

T𝑛 = 900 + (16-1) 50 T𝑛 = 750 + (16-1) 60
= RM1650 = RM 1650

Monthly salary of Ali and Ahmad will be the same at 16th month of working
at which their salaries will be RM 1650

METHOD 2

900 + (50)n = 750 + (60)n

900 + 50n = 750 + 60n
900 - 750 = 60n - 50n
150 = 10n
n = 15

15 is the duration of month where both Ali and Ahmad salary will be the same.
Their first month of salary should also be included. Therefore, Ali and Ahmad
will have the same monthly salary on th 16th month of working.
METHOD 3

Ali's salary Ahmad's salary

Month Monthly salary Month Monthly salary
1 900 1 750
2 950 2 810
3 1000 3 870
4 1050 4 930
5 1100 5 990
6 1150 6 1050
7 1200 7 1110
8 1250 8 1170
9 1300 9 1230
10 1350 10 1290
11 1400 11 1350
12 1450 12 1410
13 1500 13 1470
14 1550 14 1530
15 1600 15 1590
16 1650 16 1650

(B)
Sn Company A > Sn Company B
n
Sn= 2a + n − 1 d
2

n n
2(750) + (𝑛 − 1)(60) > 2 900 + (𝑛 − 1)(50)
2 2
1500 + 60n - 60 > 1800 + 50n - 50
10n > 310
n > 31

On the 32𝑛𝑑 month of working, the total salary of Company B will be more
than Company A. Therefore, the salary scale of Company B is a better deal
compared to Company A for a long term profit by considering that the
worker will not work more than 3 years.
ASSIGNMENT 2

COMPANY C (AZRIN)
Starting monthly pay : RM 500.00 a= 500
Monthly increment : 10% r= 1.1

COMPANY D (AIDIL)
Starting monthly pay : RM 300.00 a= 300
Monthly increment: 15% r= 1.15

A) METHOD 1
Tn = 𝑎𝑟 𝑛−1

COMPANY C (AZRIN) COMPANY D (AIDIL)

Tn = 500 (1.1)𝑛−1 Tn =300 (1.15)𝑛=1

500 (1.10)𝑛−1 < 300 (1.15)𝑛−1

5 1.15𝑛−1
3
< 1.1𝑛−1
5 1.15 𝑛−1
3
< 1.1
5 1.15 𝑛−1
log10 < log10
3 1.1

5
log10
3
n-1 > 1.15
log10 1.1

n - 1 > 11.49
n > 12.49
n = 13
Aidil's salary will be more than Azrin after 13 months of working.
 METHOD 2

Azrin's salary Aidin's Salary

Month Monthly Salary Month Monthly Salary
1 500 1 300
2 550 2 345
3 605 3 396.75
4 665.5 4 456.26
5 732.05 5 524.70
6 805.26 6 603.41
7 885.78 7 693.92
8 974.36 8 798.01
9 1071.79 9 917.71
10 1178.97 10 1055.36
11 1296.87 11 1213.67
12 1426.56 12 1395.72
13 1569.21 13 1605.08

From the table, Aidil's salary will be more than Azrin after 13 months of working

(B) 𝑇𝑛 Aidil > 𝑇𝑛 Azrin

500 (1.1)𝑛−1 > 300(1.15)𝑛−1
5 1.15
log10 > 𝑛 − 1 log10
3 1.1
n - 1 > 11.49
n > 12
n = 13

On the 13th month of working, the total salary of Company D is more than Company C.
Therefore, the salary scale of Company D is a better deal compared to Company C for
a long term profit
ASSIGNMENT 3

(A)

Number of years,n 3 4 5 6 7
Total salary received 28080 39360 51600 64800 78960

T1 = 39360 - 28080 T2 = 51600 - 39360 T3 = 64800 - 51600 T4 = 78960 - 64800

= 11280 = 12240 = 13200 = 14160

d = 12240 - 11280 d = 13200 - 12240 d = 14160 - 13200

= 960 = 960 = 960

The incrementof yearly salary forms an Arithmetic

Progression with d = 960

Number of year Total salary received Yearly salary increment different between
two yearly increment
7 78960 14160 960
6 64800 13200 960
5 51600 12240 960
4 39360 11280 960
3 28080 10320 960
2 17760 9360 960
1 8400

Increment of yearly salary

16000 14160
13200
Yearly salary increment,RM

14000 12240
11280
12000 10320
9360
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Number of years,n

After the ploting of yearly salary increment,RM against number of years,n ,a linear graph is obtained.
The yearly salary increment is RM 9360 in the first year. In the second year,the yearly salary increment
increases gradually by RM960 which is a fixed value. Therefore,the same condition happened in the
following years.Since the difference between two yearly increment is constant, it forms an Arithmethic
Progression.
 (B)

N ( 𝑛𝑡ℎ year ) 3 4 5 6 7
Monthly Salary (RM) 1003.52 1123.94 1258.82 1409.87 1579.06

1123.94 1258.82 1409.87 1579.06

r= r= r= r=
1003.52 1123.94 1258.82 1409.87
= 1.12 = 1.12 = 1.12 = 1.12

The monthly salary forms a Geometric Progression

with r = 1.12

N ( 𝑛𝑡ℎ year ) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Monthly Salary 800 896 1003.52 1123.94 1258.82 1409.87 1579.06
896 1003.52
= 1.12 𝑥2
= 1.12
𝑥2

𝑥2 = 800 𝑥2 = 896

Increment of monthly salary

1800 1579.06
1600 1409.87
1258.82
Monthly Salary (RM)

1400
1123.94
1200 1003.52
896
1000 800
800
600
400
200
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
N (nth year)

From the ploting of monthly salary,RM against nth year, a linear graph is
obtained.The monthly salary for the first month is RM 800 . In the second
year, the mothly salary increases gradually by 12% which is a fixed value.
Therefore, the same conditin happened for the following year. since the
ratio is constant, it forms a Geometric Progression.
ASSIGNMENT 4

(A)
𝑇1 𝑇2 𝑇3 𝑇4 𝑇5 𝑇6 𝑇7 𝑇8 𝑇9
1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34

𝑇10 = 𝑇9 + 𝑇8 𝑇11 = 𝑇10 + 𝑇9 𝑇12 = 𝑇11 + 𝑇10

= 34 + 21 = 55 + 34 = 89 + 55
= 55 = 89 = 144

𝑇13 = 𝑇12 + 𝑇11 𝑇14 = 𝑇13 + 𝑇12 𝑇15 = 𝑇14 + 𝑇13

= 144 + 89 = 233 + 144 = 377 + 233
= 233 = 377 = 610

(B)
𝑇8 21 𝑇9 34
= =
𝑇7 13 𝑇8 21
= 1.615 = 1.619

𝑇8 𝑇9
The value of and forms a decimal with approximate value 1.6. As the
𝑇7 𝑇8
sequence reaches infinity, the value gets nearer to te golden ratio which is 1.618
(C)
𝑇𝑛−1 𝑇𝑛 𝑇𝑛+1
𝑇1 𝑇2 𝑇3 𝑇4 𝑇5 𝑇6 𝑇7
1 1 2 3 5 8 13

𝑇𝑛 𝑇𝑛+1
lim = lim
𝑛→∞ 𝑇𝑛−1 𝑛→∞ 𝑇𝑛

= lim
𝑇𝑛 + 𝑇𝑛−1
𝑛→∞ 𝑇𝑛
𝑇𝑛 𝑇𝑛−1
= lim +
𝑛→∞ 𝑇𝑛 𝑇𝑛

𝑇𝑛−1
= lim 1 +
𝑛→∞ 𝑇𝑛

𝑇𝑛−1
Let D = lim
𝑛→∞ 𝑇𝑛
1
D=1+
𝐷
2
𝐷 -D-1=0
−1 ± 1+4
D=
2
D = 1.618
Type of products
(KitKat)

Width,cm 6.9 5 3.4

Length,cm 14.7 10.1 5.7
𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 2.13 2.14 1.676
𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ
Golden ratio x X x

Type of products
(Fish Tank)

Width,inch 8 21 42
Length,inch 12.4 29.7 59.4
𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 1.55 1.41 1.414
𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ
Golden ratio x X x

Type of products
(Envelope)

Width,cm 11 16.2 129.7

Length,cm 22 11.4 91.7
𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 2 0.704 0.707
𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ
Golden ratio x X x
Type of products
(Gift box)

Width,cm 7.5 13.5 10.8

Length,cm 11.5 21.5 26
𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 1.53 1.592 2.4
𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ
Golden ratio x √ x

Type of products
(Gadgets)

Width,cm 12.38 20 14.9

Length,cm 5.86 13.5 24
𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 0.473 0.675 1.61
𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ
Golden ratio x X √
(E)
(i) 𝑥 𝑥+1
=
1 𝑥
𝑥2 = x + 1
2
𝑥 - x -1 = 0
1± 12 −4(1)(−1)
x= 2(1)

1+ 5 1− 5
x= x=
2 2
= 1.618 = - 0.618

The value of x must be positive. Therefore x = 1.618

x cm
y cm

𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ
ratio =
𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ
1.618
=
1
= 1.618
=Ø

Yes, it is a golden triangle because its ratio is 1.618

(ii)
𝑦 𝑥+𝑦
=
𝑥 𝑦

𝑦 2 = 𝑥 2 +xy
𝑦 2 -𝑥 2 - xy = 0
𝑦2 𝑥2 𝑥𝑦
𝑥 2 - 𝑥2
-
𝑦
=0
𝑦 2 𝑦
-𝑥 -1=0
𝑥

𝑦
Let = α
𝑥

𝛼2 - α - 1 = 0
1+ 12 +4(1)(−1)
α= 2(1)

1+ 5 1− 5
α= α=
2 2
= 1.618 = - 0.618

The value of α must be positive. Therefore, α is 1.618

𝑦
𝑥
= 1.618

Yes, the rectangle is a golden rectangle because

the ratio is 1.618
(E)
(iii) METHOD 1

𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ
ratio =
𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ

𝑥
1.618 =
8
x = 12.94 cm

Hence,the length is 12.94 cm

METHOD 2

8 cm x - 8 cm

8 cm

x cm

𝑥 8
=
8 𝑥 −8
𝑥 2 - 8x - 64 = 0
8± (−8)2 −4()(−64)
𝑥=
2(1)

8± 320
x=
2

8+ 320 8 − 320
x= x=
2 2
= 12.94 = - 4.94

The value of x must be positive. Therefore, x is 12.94 cm

BIGGEST POSSIBLE RECTANGLE

METHOD 1

2x + 2y = 20
x+y = 10
x = 10 - y ------ (1)

Area = xy ------(2)

Substitude (1) into (2)

A = y(10-y)
= 10y -𝑦 2
𝑑𝐴
= 10 - 2y
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝐴
Ath the turning point, =0
𝑑𝑦
10 - 2y = 0
2y = 10
y=5

when y = 5,
x = 10 - 5
=5

Therefore, the value of x is 5 and the value for y is also 5

METHOD 2

x+y cm Length of x, cm Length of y, cm Area, 𝑐𝑚2

10 1 9 9
10 2 8 16
10 3 7 21
10 4 6 24
10 5 5 25

The biggest possible rectangle could be obtained with the largest area. According to the
table, the largest area is 25 𝑐𝑚2 where the value of x and y are the same which is 5.

As we all know, 5 by 5 forms a square but is somehow considered as rectangle. This is

because rectangle is defined as a 4-side flt shape with straight sides where the interior
angles are right angles.
GOLDEN RECTANGLE

METHOD 1

2x + 2y = 20 𝑦
= 1.618
x + y = 10 𝑥
y = 10 - x -----(1) = 1.618x -----(2)

Substitude (1) into (2)

10 - x = 1.618
2.618x = 10
x = 3.82

When x = 3.82 cm,

y = 10 - 3.82
= 6.18

To form a golden triangle, the x should be = 3.82 and the y should be 6.18

METHOD 2

𝑦
, 𝑐𝑚2
x+y cm Length of x, cm Length of y, cm 𝑥
10 1 9 9.00
10 2 8 4.00

10 3 7 2.33
10 4 6 1.50
10 5 5 1.00

𝑦
x+y cm length of x , cm Length of y ,cm , 𝑐𝑚2
𝑥

10 3.00 7.00 2.333

10 3.10 6.90 2.226
10 3.20 6.80 2.125
10 3.30 6.70 2.030
10 3.40 6.60 1.941
10 3.50 6.50 1.857
10 3.60 6.40 1.778
10 3.70 6.30 1.703
10 3.80 6.20 1.632
10 3.90 6.10 1.564
10 4.00 6.00 1.500
 𝑦
, 𝑐𝑚2
x+y cm length of x , cm Length of y ,cm 𝑥
10 3.8 6.2 1.632
10 3.81 6.19 1.625
10 3.82 6.18 1.618
10 3.83 6.17 1.611
10 3.84 6.16 1.604
10 3.85 6.15 1.597
10 3.86 6.14 1.591
10 3.87 6.13 1.584
10 3.88 6.12 1.577
10 3.89 6.11 1.571
10 3.9 6.1 1.564

With the width = 3.28cm and the length = 6.18cm, a golden rectangle can be formed.
 CONCLUSION
I have learnt several things throughout this project. I’m pretty sure
all this would more or less help me in the future. First, I learnt how
to relate things around me with Progression. For instance, before
working on this project, I didn’t knew that the beautiful flowers I see
everyday is actually related to Progression. The different number of
petals can form Fibonacci sequence. Next, since this project required
the students to include the use of ICT, I learnt many new things.
Before this, I was very poor when it comes to handling
computers,but now I have improved a lot. I hope the efforts that
I’ve put on will make this assignment complete.
 REFLECTION
Dear,
Additional Mathematics ,
with your help , its easy for me to speak,
you’re the I always seek
because you’re what all I need.

I hated you once, I was afraid of you

But out of the blue, you made me attracted to you.

I once thought learning you was tough,

But you proved me that you don’t kill people off.

All I want to say is,

You’re too marvelous,
Because you don’t make people feel clueless.

I LOVE ADDITIONAL
MATHEMATICS
 REFERENCES
1 Additional Mathematics Textbook Form
5
2 http://education.malaysia-
students.com/2014/04/add-math-
project-work-answer-perak.html?m=1

3 SPM Super Score ( MBP Publications)