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NOVELLO'S
EDITION
C. 22.
Z’ 4 &e==
T H E O D O RA:
AN OR A TO RIO,
IN VOCAL SCORE,
G. F. H. A N D E L.
–4.
L ON DO N S A C R.E D M U S I C WAREHOUSE
The riddle of public success never appeared more insoluble instances with him, the amazingly brief period of labour
than in the case of Handel's Oratorio of “Theodora.” The
followed a long period of inactivity, and it was succeeded by
merit of the work is great, even when referred to that one yet longer. It is curious to note that Handel's habit
highest standard—the other works of the composer; and was to rest from composition for a period of from eight to
in comparison with the productions of other artists, it stands ten months, during which no traces are to be found of his
very high indeed, if not pre-eminent. Yet it was un having written anything, not the smallest trifles, and then
acknowledged when it was first brought out; it was rarely to set himself to work, and within the average term of a
given during the author's life, and, from being unperformed month or two, to write as many oratorios, which, from the
for more than a century, it has passed into almost entire evidence of the manuscripts, may be believed to have been
forgetfulness, its very name being only preserved in lists of truly extemporized upon the paper, or in other words, called
Handel's compositions, and itself being only represented in into existence without any pre-consideration. The dates of
general knowledge by the airs “Angels, ever bright and fair,” the works just named exemplify this habit, which gives
and “Lord, to Thee each night and day,” and the choruses as great cause for admiration of the master's prodigious
“He saw the lovely youth,” and “Venus, laughing from the rapidity, as for wonder at his long reticence.
skies.” The first of these is in the repertory of every
soprano singer, public and private; the next is less, but not “Theodora” was first performed at Covent Garden
much less known; the two last were not unfrequently heard Theatre, on Friday, March 16, 1750. It was repeated on
at the Ancient Concerts, and “He saw the lovely youth,” the 21st, and again on the 23rd, but not
afterwards until
was given with good effect at the Handel Festival, in 1868, March 5th, 1755. Subsequently to its republication, at the
at the Crystal Palace; but still the popularity of these close of 1860, for the German Handel Society, it was per
excerpts has not as yet induced inquiry into the character formed at Cologne, under the direction of Dr. Ferdinand
and quality of the work whence they are drawn. One would Hiller, with a German version of the text, when it excited
think—for the thought would be dear to all who honoured much interest. It was privately given, in the original lan
genius, and felt that lasting esteem was its just tribute—that guage, at the residence of an amateur lady, Miss Frith, in
the authorship of any one work of art which held universal Wimpole Street, London, May 2, 1865, when it was con
reverence, should secure an interest as universal in whatever ducted by Sir Sterndale Bennett. Other than on these
might issue from the same source, and that to have written occasions, the oratorio seems never to have been performed
the “Messiah.” ought to certify the immediate success and between Handel's time and the present.
enduring popularity of every thing to which the same hand
The work, as often happens with non-successes, was a
gave form, the same spirit gave life. One would think this,
but that the delightful image is shattered by the inexorable great favourite of its composer. It is related that, having
facts cast at it by history, and one is compelled to own that
been asked “If he did not consider the grand chorus in the
the greatest artistic worth, and even the dull world's ad ‘Messiah' (probably the Hallelujah') his best production,”
mission of this, give no indemnity from the disregard ofhe replied that “He thought the Chorus ‘He saw the
He was nettled at its non
kindred excellence wrought by the same power. The moral lovely youth,’ far beyond it.”invitation of a friend to its
attraction, and enforced his
is a sad one, but it has too many illustrations to admit of
well,
dispute, and the long oblivion in which “Theodora.” has performance, by saying that “the music would sound
lain, is one of the most striking. for the theatre was sure to be empty.” In like manner, on
being told that a city gentleman intended to buy up all the
This oratorio was the last work but one that Handel boxes for the third representation, Handel exclaimed, “He
produced, it having been followed, after nearly two years, by is a fool then, for the Jews will not come to it as they did to
“Jephtha,” and preceded in the year before its composition “Judas Maccabaeus,' because it is a Christian story, and the
by “Solomon,” and “Susannah.” According to his custom, ladies will not, because it is a virtuous one.” Much as the
the author dated the beginning and the end of the MS., failure seems to have sharpened his wits, these pleasantries
and these records show that he entered upon his task on the betoken spleen more than good humour, and there is too
28th of June, and completed it on the 31st of July, 1749; much ground to regret the artist's mortification at the mis
this being the middle of his sixty-fifth year. As in other carriage of some of his brightest conceptions.
2
The “Biographia Dramatica,” but no other authority, much as dramatic power is happily brought to bear upon
ascribes the libretto of “Theodora” to Thomas Morell, D.D., the work under consideration, wherein each of the five
Secretary of the Society of Antiquaries, the author of “Judas personages and the two choruses of Heathens and Christians
Maccabaeus,” and of “Jephtha.” In style it resembles those has each a characteristic speciality that separates the music
inflated works, having occasional strong expressions which from that belonging to all the others.
stand out well in the many repetitions that occur in Handel's
settings, having no distinctive personifications, and abounding The title-role of the drama is in several respects the
in the metrical peculiarities which seem to have been the most important, one of which is that more music is as
special aim of its time, but which in previous ages seem signed to it than to either of the others, the character of
always to have separated poets, or writers who would be Theodora having six Airs, besides two Duets with Didimus,
thought so, from ballad writers, and thus to have established and one with her friend and confidant, Irene. She is repre
a different order of literature for book verses from song verses. sented as fervently devout, with implicit faith in the tenets
The preface of the first edition of the book of words (of of the Christians, and in the God of their adoration, and
which Dr. Rimbault possesses one of the extremely rare with perfect resignation to the sufferings drawn upon her
copies) declares it to be founded on a tale entitled “The by her fidelity. Her earthly passion is not evinced in the
Martyrdom of Theodora and Didimus,” by Robert Boyle, course of the action, for even her voluntary immolation in
the philosopher, which was written in his youth, but not order to rescue Didimus, is rather in the spirit of a martyr
printed until 1687, four years before his death; it refers the than of a lover, showing indeed that she cannot hold her
derivation of the libretto also to a French tragedy, the name life at the cost of his, but that she rejoices in death for the
of which, and of its author, however, are not given. truth's sake. Except the widely favourite Air, “Angels, ever
bright and fair,” whose simple beauty as much as its popularity
The argument of the oratorio runs thus:–Valens, the ought to have saved the entire oratorio from its long ob
President of Antioch, proclaims a feast in honour of the scurity, all the music of this part is in minor keys. In
birthday of Diocletian, fixing the period of the action at spite of the current fiction that minority of 3rds and 6ths
somewhere about the year 303, when the Emperor had his bespeaks sadness, melancholy is by no means the chiefly
triumph in Rome. Theodora, a lady descended from King prevalent tone of the music, or of the person. She is
Antiochus, is a pious Christian, and by the President's pensive, she is earnest, she is firm, but she is totally un
mandate is required with her companions in faith to join in tinged by the black sickness that would give a morbid air to
the sacrifice to Venus, refusing which act of profanation, her self devotion, and a sentimentality to her religious feel
she is cast into prison. Didimus, a Roman officer, has been ing. The form, immeasurably tedious in our age, of the
converted by Theodora to the true belief, and is her ardent repetition, Da Capo, of a long Air after its second part,
lover. By connivance of his friend and superior officer, seems to have almost worn itself out when this oratorio was
Septimius, he obtains access to her in her cell, and prevails written; for, not only in the Airs of Theodora but in
on her to change dresses with him, and thus disguised to those too of the other characters, it is, save in a few instances,
escape. Didimus is then condemned to death for this act of abandoned throughout the work, and the music gains vitality,
dereliction, and Theodora in turn offers herself as a victim, and its intensity of expression is far increased by the
in hopes to save him; but the two are steadfast in their effective adoption of the conciser design. Theodora's
creed as faithful to each other, refuse to participate in the first Air, “Fond, flatt'ring world, adieu!” wherein she
rites of the false gods of the Heathens, and are borne away dedicates herselt to the seclusion of conventual life, is a
therefore to execution together. In Butler's “Lives of the particular example of the advantageous departure from the
Saints,” 1756 (seven years after the composition of the old formalism: its powerful declamation would become
oratorio), the narrative is circumstantially related, agreeing cold and lifeless, were the song to be recommenced after
in all points with the above, save that Alexandria, instead of its impressive climax and rehearsed for a second time, and
Antioch, is assigned as the scene of the events, that 304 is its effect of natural impulse would degenerate into artificial
given as their date, and that Eustratius Proculus (not Valens) routine. It is curious to observe in this piece the anticipa
is stated to have been the name of the Prefect; moreover, tion of a principal phrase in one of the Choruses in “Jephtha,”
Didimus is shown to have been a stranger to Theodora, who set to the words, “Whatever is, is right;" but it would be
vanity to assume that either passage bore any reflective
was actuated by respect for her heroic virtue, not by personal
love. The learned writer quotes St. Ambrose as authority allusion, purposed or accidental, to the other. “Angels, ever
for the incidents, but admits that this contemporary refers bright and fair” is too well known to need a comment;
their occurrence to Antioch. Theodora sings it when the decree is announced to her that
she must worship the false sensual goddess, and she pours
This story is of a more domestic or at least personal nature forth in it her deprecation to the purest of beings for protec
than those of other oratorios by Handel, and it gives scope tion from the revolting doom. “O that I on wings could
for the display of different artistic qualities, than could be rise,” is linked by the intervening Recitative, and the in
exercised in those productions. The power of delineating strumental Interlude to the preceding Air, “With darkness
and distinguishing individual characters, which is one of the
deep,” so as to constitute one continuous scene out of the
most important branches of the dramatic art, was possessed
four separate pieces. The first Air pictures horror indeed at
in a very high degree by our composer—witness the living fate and at the shame it involves, but this
personification of Polyphemus as relieved against the shep the impending
horror is softened by pious resignation; the second Air ex
herds and sheperdesses, the strongly opposed expression in not of deliverance from her doom, certainly
the demands of the two mothers who claim the child from presses hope if
of fortitude to bear it; and the strain, which, in her
Solomon, and the marked distinction and gradual develop trance, the victim of erroneous zeal for the expiring re
ment of all the characters in “Jephtha.” The poetical as
ligion supposes to be music of heavenly choirs revealed
3
for her encouragement, is what a waking and sensi of our composer's prospective insight of the pliability of
tive hearer might well believe to be divine. This last design, and hence we trace in him an example which
is a nearer approach, than is often to be found in the music musicians were slow to follow, but by which latest times
of its period, to Mozart's beautiful principle of orchestration have infinitely profited. A coincidence, less fortunate in its
which materially distinguishes the modern from the ancient prototype than those with “Solomon" and in its archetype,
in the tonal art; the absence of all the heavy bass instru than that with “Jephtha" which have been cited, is very
ments from the score, and the employment of the delicate, evident between the charming Air “Sweet rose and lily,”
pure, innocent tone of the then rarely used flute upon notes and one by Giovanni Battista Bononcini (brother of that
of sweetest expression, give to it a sound that realises our Marco Antonio who is famous for having slighted Handel in
conception of what may be seraphic. Theodora's prayer for Berlin and opposed him in London, and for having owned
death, “The pilgrim's home,” is an unelaborated melody a Madrigal which proved to be the composition of Lotti),
of two repeated strains; it is lovely and tender to a “Per la gloria d'adorarvi,” in the opera of “Griselda,” the
marvel even for Handel, whose capability of tenderness is performance of which, at Drury Lane Theatre, the author came
proved again and again. The Duet of Theodora and to London to direct, prior to Handel's first visit to this country.
Didimus, “To thee, thou glorious son of worth,” is ex Such coincidences are worth remark, if only for the con
quisitely persuasive; the musical artist felt the situation more solation of lesser artists than Handel, who may have the
keenly and truthfully than did the literary, and he shows accident to alight upon other men's ideas and suppose them
the wishes rather than the words of the lover to be so irre to be their own, mistaking thus memory for creation.
sistible, that the doomed virgin is compelled to break her Septimius has the most florid music in the oratorio. It is
prison by their passionate behest. The Air, “When sunk the most indifferent too; indifferent, comparatively speak
in anguish,” when she has rejoined her companions, though ing, in merit, but still more so in expression. The Roman
far from meritless, is the least interesting portion of officer is one of those steady-going old believers, who per
Theodora's music. Her Duet with Irene, “Whither, severe in the creed of their fathers, because they will not be
princess, do you fly 2" when she has resolved to surrender at the pains of collating its corruption with the purity of a
herself rather than let her lover pay with life for her new faith. He has no cruelty toward the Christian sect, but
freedom, represents gentle but invincible firmness. Lastly, likes the ease of following established order, and gaily
the Duet “Thither let our hearts,” which is a consequence, obeys commands, even to the execution of believing victims,
if not a continuation, of the sweetly beautiful Air of rather than suffer the inconvenience of disputing them. He
Didimus, “Streams of pleasure ever flowing,” paints the is willing to serve his friend, as shown in his accommodating
happy and loving tranquillity with which martyrs await the him with entrance to Theodora's dungeon; but he takes no
doom that is to translate them out of worldly cares into the steps to save his life or that of the heroine for whom this
joys of heaven. friend is self-sacrificed. It cannot be too much to advance
that the character here set forth is portrayed in the music
The part of Irene, written for a mezzo-soprano, ranging which is fluent, vocal, and effective as a medium for vocal
upwards to F sharp and to B below, is quite unlike in display, but less interesting than that of the other per
character to that of the heroine, being generally cheerful sonages.
and more animated while less intense, and resembling it only
in its quality of beauty. In the Air reviling prosperity, By the laws of nature may not be said, but of nature as
“Bane of virtue,” there is plainly a reminiscence of the conventionally represented in art, basses are either tyrannic
always prominent accompanying phrase in “What though I or venerable, or malevolent, or comic. Valens belongs to
trace,” in the oratorio of the preceding year, “Solomon;” the first of these types; he is a thorough tyrant without a re
and an equal likeness to the same is to be found in the Air of deeming quality, and according to custom if not to pre
Didimus, “Streams of pleasure.” How strangely is a scription, his music is for a bass voice. The librettist did
musician sometimes haunted by a recollection that will— nothing for him that would not repulse more than inspire
there is, indeed, as one must think, a will in such things— the musician, who, with such words as “Racks, gibbets,
inweave itself in his passing thoughts! Lucky he, if the swords, and fire,” for the beginning of an Air, may indeed be
recollection be of his own idea. “As with rosy steps the wondered at and justly be admired, for having escaped the
morn,” is one of the prettiest, simplest, and most win ludicrous, and given a spirit of dignity to the fierce declama
ning songs of its composer. The Air “Lord, to Thee tions of the President of Antioch. The pieces of this part
each night and day” is well known to be lovely; and the are all brief; they are all emphatic, and they have the value
remarkable change of character in the second part, “Though in the general effect of the work of contrasting the music of
the others.
convulsive rocks the ground,” admirably relieves and thus
enhances the devotional spirit of what precedes and follows. The Heathen Choruses are quite individual. They have
not the riotous jollity of those of the Babylonians in “Bel
The music of Didimus has also a character entirely its own. shazzar,” nor the rugged fierceness of those of the Philistines
It is impassioned always, once heroic, and tenderly affectionate in “Samson,” but they have a character of their own which
in every other instance. It is for a female voice ranging is as distinct and as appropriate as that which distinguishes
about a tone lower than that required for Irene. It is in the music of either of their pagan cognates. The citizens of
teresting to observe in the Air sung over the sleeping the Roman empire are presented as pleasure-loving, but as
Theodora in prison, “Sweet rose and lily,” a compromise finding pleasure in grace and gaiety, certainly not in ebriety
between the then antiquated and now obsolete Da Capo or savage violence. The choral continuation of the air of
form and the modern progressive plan which includes an Valens “Go, my faithful soldier,” is a joyous acceptance of
allusion to the opening theme of a song; like signs appear the proclamation of the festival. When the mortal penalty
in other places, such as “Rejoice greatly" in the “Messiah,” is announced of refusal to share in the rites of Venus, the
4
people's exclamation “For ever thus stands fixed the doom,” by the nature of its phraseology, and it is likely to stamp the
in simply melodious and rhythmical phrases, betokens no hearer with an unhappy impression of the oratorio, and even
vengeful lust for the blood of those who refuse compliance of their sufferings who glory to die for the sake of truth. It
with usages that have made them and their fathers happy, cannot but be regretted that Dr. Morell (if it were he that
but a pleasant content with things as they are, and an entire wrote the words) made not this an opportunity for exultation,
unwillingness for anything that may disturb their enjoyment. showing the triumph of heavenly constancy over the passing
“Venus, laughing from the skies,” and the preceding address pangs that earthly tyrants can inflict, and it is still more to
to the same deity, “Queen of Summer,” are what no one be wished that Handel had taken the rule into his own
but Handel ever could have written, and in their clear and hands, and insisted on terminating his great work with a
charming tunefulness, exempt from every kind of elaboration, piece of such brightness as he, more than other musicians,
they prove as much the self-reliance as the poetical concep could have produced, irradiating the crown of martyrdom.
tion and the happy invention of the great master. Anticipating a plan that has become general, if not unex
The Choruses of the Christians are of a totally different ceptional, the Overture to “Theodora” is in the same key,
type. They are grave in expression and comparatively G minor, as the closing Chorus. It would be futile and
complicate in structure; but though the fugal element pedantic to lament, that the effect of tonal consistency and
abounds in them, there is scarcely a set fugue among their consequent internal completeness, thus given to a large work
number, and indeed there are fewer pieces in this form in all composed of many several portions, prevails not in many ot
the oratorio than in any other, except “Athaliah,” by the com the master's finest productions. Any of them may well rest
poser. “Go, pious youth,” addressed to Didimus, when he upon its own merits, but this has the satisfactory excellence
departs in the hope to rescue Theodora, is a particularly of ending where it begins, of returning after wide divergence
favourable specimen, and the termination of this with the to its starting key, and a consequent effect of entirety that is
often repeated words “Glory, peace, and rest”—the reward admirable, in addition to its other beauties. Such is the case
that will be merited by his generous act—has a charm that in operas and masses by Mozart, and reference might easily
may not be described; the voices, at their softest, end upon be made to masterpieces of other musicians, as proving that
the harmony of the dominant, the piece being completed by these men thought the plan desirable. The Overture to this
the fading sound of the instruments, and the effect is as of a oratorio is one of the very finest by its author. The
farewell blessing upon the mission, as much of valour as of Maestoso wherwith it opens is most majestic. An incident in
religious zeal, and of personal love. The most important it of distinguishing beauty, is where an E flat in the bass,
choral piece, as much because it is the longest as because it is bearing an inversion of the suspended ninth of C and its
the most elaborated and the most beautiful, is that which resolution, is followed, not by the chord of D major which
ends the Second Part, “He saw the lovely youth.” The the context tempts one to expect, but by an inversion of that
Christians, uncertain of the fate of Theodora, whose holiness of B flat which has the full beauty of effect that always
they revere, and whose gentleness they love, pass the night accompanies surprise; and it is not unlike in character to a
in praying for her deliverance, addressing their prayers to movement of similar expression and in the same key in the
Him who raised the dead and can protect the living. The Overture to “Ariodante,” and to another in the harpsichord
story of the Widow of Nain illustrates their faith, and Suite, also in G minor, both by Handel, but it surpasses
gives strength to their reliance; and this is recounted them both in merit. The Allegro is a far better wrought
in the Chorus under consideration. The first movement is fugue than the kind of piece the author mostly placed in a
beautifully pathetic, having somewhat the manner of a corresponding position; the subject is answered in the second
funeral march—so much so at least as to suggest to the bar, and is continued through the answer, so as to comprise
mind's eye the procession to the sepulchre, the grief of the as it were a counter-subject within itself. A movement in
mourners, their vain efforts to console the bereft mother, and E flat ensues, of sweetly melodious charm, bearing the
the Saviour's benign contemplation of the sorrow He alone inexplicable definition of “Trio”—inexplicable, because the
could heal. A change of tempo gives most joyous and music is written for the entire band, and it stands not
majestic colour to the words “Rise, youth, he said;” and to between a foregoing portion and the repetition of the same—
the narrated result of the divine behest. The final move and this is described as Larghetto e piano, as if to imply that
ment, “Lowly the matron bowed,” tells of the widow's no modification of tone was to be made during its per
gratitude; it is the completest fugue in the work, the form formance, an implication that Handel can scarcely have
in which Handel loved to invest his loftiest aspirations and meant by the general definition, though he not rarely
grandest expressions of praise, and it closes the eminently employed it. Lastly, there is a Courante, which is as good
dramatic episode with dignity worthy of the theme and of of its kind as the other portions, and this concludes in the
the technical excellence of the foregoing portion of the opening key the excellent Overture.
Chorus. This noble piece will always be a foremost feature Much more might have been written of this fine work,
in the oratorio, and its occasional selection for separate per which should be as attractive as it is unknown; but that to
ormance is quite accountable on the ground of its self talk of music apart from the music itself, cannot convey the
sufficiency, the incident it describes being entirely com faintest notion of the sound or its beauty; and to attempt a
prehended within its limits. The chorus sequent upon description could but be tedious, and could raise no image of
the leading away of the martyrs to execution, “How strange the matter it described. The coming performance of “Theo
their end,” is beautifully plaintive; but that which closes the dora”will enable those who are interested in its beauties to hear
work, “O love divine,” is scarcely appropriate to its position. and to judge them, and the aim will be fulfilled of these
As music, it is by no means equal to many a piece that has scanty comments, if they direct the attention of real m usi
gone before it; its effect is gloomy, which is not a little lovers to the oratorio itself, and urge them to look in it for
induced by the nature of its key of G minor, and not a little a grand specimen of Handel's genius,
THE0D0 R. A.
CHARACTERS.
RECIT.—Theodora. CHORUS.–Christians.
Though hard, my friends, yet wholesome are the All pow'r in Heaven above, or earth beneath
truths Belongs to thee alone, Thou everlasting One,
Taught in affliction's school, whence the pure Mighty to save in peril, storm, and death.
soul
Rises refined and soars above the world. RECIT.—Septimius.
AIR. Oh foolish people, why thus blind to fate,
Doye in private oratories dare
Fond, flattering world, adieu! Rebel against the President's decree, and scorn
Thy gaily smiling power, With native rites to celebrate the day
Empty treasures, fleeting pleasures, Sacred to Caesar and protecting Jove 2
Ne'er shall tempt or charm me more.
Faith inviting, hope delighting, AIR.
Nobler joys we now pursue.
Dread the fruits of Christian folly,
RECIT.—Irene. And this stubborn melancholy,
Fond of life and liberty,
Oh bright example of all goodness, Chains and dungeons ye are wooing,
How easy seems affliction's heavy load, And the storm of death pursuing,
While thus instructed and companioned thus, Rebels to the known decree.
As 'twere with Heaven conversing, we look
down RECIT.—Theodora.
On the vain pomp of proud prosperity.
Deluded mortal, call it not rebellion
AIR. To worship God: it is His dread command,
His whom we cannot, dare not, disobey,
Bane of virtue, nurse of passions,
Soother of vile inclinations, Though death be our reward.
Such is, prosperity, thy name.
True happiness is only found Septimius.
Where grace, and truth, and love abound, Death is not yet thy doom,
And pure religion feeds the flame. But worse than death to such a virtuous mind;
Lady, these guards are ordered to convey you to
CHORUS—Christians. Venus' temple,
To worship her and fulfil her rites.
Come, mighty Father, mighty Lord,
With love our souls inspire; RECIT.—Theodora.
While grace and truth flow from Thy Word,
And feed the holy fire. Oh worse than death indeed!
Lead me, ye guards, lead me or to the rack, or
RECIT.—Messenger. to the flames;
Fly, fly, my brethren, heathen rage pursues us I'll thank your gracious mercy.
swift,
Armed with the terrors of insulting death. AIR.
Irene.
Angels, ever bright and fair,
Take, oh take me to your care
Ah! whither should we fly, or fly from whom 2 Speed to your own courts my flight
The Lord is still the same, to-day, for ever; Clad in robes of virgin white :
And His protection here, and everywhere.
Though gathering round our destin’d heads, RECIT.—Didimus.
The storm now thickens, and looks big with fate:
Still shall Thy servants wait on Thee, oh Lord, Unhappy, wretched crew!—Why stand you thus,
And in Thy saving mercy put their trust. Wild with amazement? Say, where is my love,
My life, my Theodora 2
AIR.
Irene.
As with rosy steps the morn,
Advancing drives the shades of night; Alas! she's gone;
So from virtuous toil well-borne, Too late thou cam'st to save
Raise Thou our hopes of endless light. The fairest, noblest, best of women.
Triumphant Saviour, Lord of day, A Roman soldier led her trembling hence ,
Thou art the life, the light, the way. To the place where Venus keeps her court.
THEODORA, iii.
AIR.—Didimus. SYMPHONY.
Or heart inspire me, Oh thou bright Sun how sweet thy rays
To free the captive fair! To health and liberty but here, alas !
On the wings of the wind will I fly, They swell the agonising thought of shame,
With this princess to live, or this Christian to And pierce my soul with sorrows yet unknown.
die.
AIR.
RECIT.—Irene.
Oh Love, how great thy power! but greater still With darkness deep, as is my woe
When virtue prompts the steady mind, to prove Hide me, ye shades of night!
Its native strength in deeds of highest honour. Your thickest veil around me throw,
Concealed from human sight !
CHORUS. Or come, thou death, thy victim save,
Go, gen’rous, pious youth ! Kindly embosomed in the grave.
May all the powers above
Reward thy virtuous love, SYMPHONY.
Thy constancy and truth
With Theodora's charms, RECIT.—Theodora.
Free from these dire alarms;
But why art thou disquieted, my soul?
Or crown you with the blest Hark! heaven invites thee in sweet rapturous
In glory, peace and rest! strains,
To join the ever-singing, ever-loving choir
3}art H. Of saints and angels in the courts above.
RECIT.— Valens. AIR.
Ye men of Antioch, with solemn pomp Oh that I on wings could rise,
Renew the grateful sacrifice to Jove! Swiftly sailing, through the skies,
And while your songs ascend the vaulted skies, As skims the silver dove .
Pour on the smoking altar floods of wine, That I might rest
In honour of the smiling deities, For ever blest,
Fair Flora, and the Cyprian Queen. With harmony and love.
CHORUS.
RECIT.—Didimus.
Queen of Summer, Queen of Love,
And thou cloud-compelling Jove: Long have I known thy friendly social soul,
Grant a long and happy reign Septimius, oft experienced in the camp
To great Caesar, king of men! And perilous scenes of war when side by side
We fought, and braved the dangers of the field,
AIR.— Valens. Dependent on each other's arm. With freedom
then
Wide spread his name,
And make his glory I will disclose my mind;—I am a Christian
Of endless fame, And she, who by Heaven's influential grace,
The lasting story! With pure religious sentiments inspired
My soul, with virtuous love inflamed my heart;
RECIT.— Valens. Even she, who, shame to all humanity
Is now condemned to worse than death.
Return, Septimius, to the stubborn maid,
And learn her final resolution.
If, ere the sun with prone career has reached Septimius.
The western isles, she makes an offering No more
To the great gods, she shall be free; if not, The shame reflects too much upon thy friend,
The meanest of my guards The mean though duteous instrument of power,
Shall lead her bound to Venus' temple. Knowing her virtues only not thy love.
CHORUS.
AIR.
Venus, laughing from the skies,
Will applaud her votaries, Though the honours that Flora and Venus receive
While now without measure, From the Romans, this Christian refuses to give,
We revel in pleasure, Yet nor Venus nor Flora delight in the woe,
Revenge sweet love supplies! That disfigures their fairest resemblance below.
iv. THEODORA.
I will reward them with a bounteous heart, How? or what? my soul with transport
And you, my friend, with all that heaven can Listens to the request.
give
To the sincerity of prayer. AIR.—Theodora.
RECIT.–Messenger.
Didimus.
Undaunted in the court stands Didimus,
Virtuously proud of rescued innocence. Had your sentence doomed her but to death
But vain to save the generous hero's life I then might have deplored your cruelty,
Are all entreaties, even from Romans vain; And should not have opposed it. .
vi. THEODORA.
Valens. Valens.
PIANo.
•=54.
Tº e
Allegro. • –92.
a.
~
| |
'Tis Di- o-clesian's na-tal day: proclaim throughout the bounds of An-ti- och a
t
PIANo.
and solemn sa - cri-fice to Jovel Who-so dis-dains to join the sa-cred rites
N
N
^-
shall feel our wrath, in chastise-ment or death; and this, Sep-ti-mius, take you in charge.
N->'
2-,
^_^
Pomposo. s = 96.
!
.
--
J’
|:m
g ITI
Go, my faith-ful sol-dier, go,
F
Tº
=
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Handel's “Theodora."—Novello, Ewer and Co.'s Octavo Edition.—(6.)
go, my faith-ful soldier, go,
*-
º * # -
--~ ...
let the
PIANo.
•= 96.
-*—f-i-º- -
--
S -
--"
and draw a bles-sing down on his im- pe rial crown, and draw a
crown, and draw a bles-sing down on his im -pe-rial crown, and draw a blºgg
on his -pe-rial crown, on his im-pe-rial crown who rules the world be -
.22. -
2.
=E**************** i- -
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==S-SE -
NH-----
º-E- I-
E*=====
EE
=t-a- #2= -
who rules the world be - low, who rules the world, who rules the
# -º-º-º-º-
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who rules the world
==E==
be - low,
- EiEz=z-z-z-z-f
who rules the world, who rules the
L
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Ef-7–2–f
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2–E==E=s=ZEZE========E
z-Hº- E== y—t-
world below :
be-low !
world low !
world be - low !
#:
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->
==E====E=E Ecº-Eº-E
- - - -
- -
&#P-
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be - low,
==E
wº m. Tº
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~ . - - - - - -
*E*====E H
–2–E T
2.
PIANO.
mit them to bend the knee to gods they knownot, or, in wanton mood, to ce - lebrate the
day with Roman Art thou a Roman 2 and yet dar'st de-fend
-a-
WALENs.
are not Cae-sar's friends who own not Cae-sar's gods. I'll hear no more 1
\-º ^-"
PIANo.
•=92.
S. WALENs.
against the stubborn knee, against the stub - born, stub - born
jº
shall speak against the stub-born knee, my venge - ful ire . . shall
L.H. L.H.
speak, . . shall speak a - gainst the stub-born knee, w against the stub-born knee,
L.H. L.H. 7 I 7 7 w arº
gush-ing tears, nor ardent pray'rs, shall shake . . . . . the firm de - cree, nor
L.H. L.H. L.H. L.H.
gush - ing tears, nor ar - - dent pray'rs, nor ar.- dent pray'rs, shall shake the firm de -
* - a
Tº"
dal Segno. 8.
PIANo.
J. =60.
TREBLE.
verthus standsfix’d
verthus standsfix’d
TENort (8ve. lower.) -
verthus standsfix’d
verthus standsfix’d
*
---
sweet-erthan the trumpet’s sound, their groans . . and cries . . are heard . . a -
--~
sweet-erthan the trumpet's sound, their groans . . and cries ... are heard . . a -
sweet-er than the trumpet's sound, their groans . . and cries . . are heard a
EN- - -
--- *
wn poco p --
sweet - e the
#4
-º-
Handel's “Theodora.”—Novello, Ewer and Co.'s Octavo Edition.
trum pet's sound, their groans
- `--"
their groans . .
of re-bels to the gods and Rome, while sweeter than the trum 'ssound,
—l-N-
sweet-erthan the trumpet's sound, their groans . . and cries . . are heard . .
--~
sweet-erthan the trumpet's sound, their groans . . and cries . . are heard . .
sweet-er than the trumpet’s sound, their groans . . and cries . . are heard a
--- `--
unpoco p
-
-*-
-
º
- X- -
|
---
of re-bels to the gods and Rome, while sweeter than the 'ssound,
---
their
groans . . and cries . are sweet -er than the trum-pet's sound, their
* . -
sweet-er, sweet-er,
Jſ
*- *-
- round, while sweet - er the trumpet's sound, their groans are heard
- round, theirgroans
- round.
- round.
- round.
-
- round.
- - - g- - ------
Worce.
Most cru-el de-cree! Sure, thy no-ble soul, Sep-ti-mi-us, abhors the dreadful
--~ --~ --~
PIANo.
of per- se - cu-tion. we not to leave the freeborn mind of man still e-ver
2––. 2–,
free? since vain is the at-tempt to force be-lief with the se-ver-est instrument of death?
mf
2.
T = r
--" DIDIMUs.
pe . *
sword, de-fies the sword, the rap tur'd soul de-fies the sword,
PS-2 - -
. . of vir - tue's
t-ſ
The rap
soul de-fies the sword, and trusting Heav'n's un - err - ing word, en -
- joys the circling flame, the cir-cling flame, the circling flame, .
* : * :
| 22nd time. ~
Adagio. S.
S.
Dal Segno. 8.
Handel's “Theodora."-Novello, Ewer and Co.'s Octavo Edition.
JNo. 8. RECITATIVE AND AIR.—“DESCEND, KIND PITY.”
SEPTIMIUs. (TENor.)
Worce.
I know thy virtues, and ask not thy faith; en - joy it as you will, my
2–—º
PIANo.
-clares for acts of mer-cy. But An-ti-och's Pre - si - dent must be o-bey'd; Such
is the Roman dis-ci-pline, while we can on - ly pi-ty those we dare not spare.
Andante. -- 69.
; F -
mf d
\- N
SEPTIMIUS. S.
heav'n - ly guest, de - scend, and fill each hu - man breast, de-scend, and fill . . each
hu_-
_-
man breast with sym-pa - thi - zing
...
ºtſ
Sg.
2. S
* }
Adagio.
Dal Segno S.
Though hard, my friends, yet wholesome are the truths taught in af - flic-tion's
PIANo.
school, whence the pure soul ri-ses re - fin'd, and soars a -bove the world.
argue o: Aa –
Larghetto. = 778.
J’
THEoDoRA.
trea-sures, fleeting pleasures, ne'ershall tempt or charm me more, ne'er shall tempt or charm me
Faithin -vit-ing, hope delighting, noblerjoys we now pur - sue, faithin - vit-ing, hope de
rrn
p
r -
f.
p
–’ f :
Handel's “Theodora."—Novello, Ewer and Co.'s Octavo Edition.
JNo. 10. RECITATIVE AND AIR.—“BANE OF VIRTUE.”
IRENE (ALTo).
Worce.
PIANO.
while thus in - struct-ed, and com - pa-nion'd thus, as 'twere with Heav'n con -
>-
Larghetto. J. 66. As
Bane of vir-tue,
S.
such is thy name, Pros - pe - ri - ty, such is, Pros - pe - ri - ty, thy
Tempo 1m0.
name !
T - 2.
Dal Segno. S.
vir-tue, nurse of
Dal Segno. 8.
Handel's “Theodora."—Novello, Ewer and Co.'s Octavo Edition.
No. 11. Chorus.-4: COME, MIGHTY FATHER.”
Andante. 2-,
-* 2-> 4.
PlaNo.
s = 60.
TREBLE.
- ty Lord,
^-
mighty Lord,
- spire, with love our souls inspire come mighty a-ther, come, migh
-
Lord, with love our souls in-spire, with love our souls in-spire
~~
While and
y Word,
flow,
flow, - - - flow,
Thy Word,
Jºs.
fire, the ho-ly fire, and feed the ho - ly fire, whilegrace andtruth
-º-
—-i-i-
Thy
feed - ly
feed the ho
feed the ho
Fly, fly, my brethren heathen rage pur-sues us swift, arm'd with the ter-rors
N-"
N
PIANo.
whom? the Lordis still the same, to-day, for e-ver; and His pro-tection here and ev'rywhere.
Though gath'ringroundourdestin'd heads, the storm now thickens, and looks big with fate: still shall Thy
ser-vants wait on Thee, oh Lord, and in Thy sav-ing mer - cy put their trust 1
*-*
ro - sy steps the
morn ad - van-cing, drives the shades of night, so from - tuous toil well
-º-
P.
mp
T : * *
night, so from -tuous toil well borne raise . . Thoucurhopesof light, raise . . Thou our hopes . .
borneraise Thou our hopes - - - - .. of end-less light, raise Thou . . our hopes of
y 3—y. +r- * t
day! Thou art the life, the light, the way, Thou art the life, the light, the
f 1 25- T
-L-
TT
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I
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F- t | |
i
#HHHHHHHHHHHHH. * -º- H | | º I ~~ ^-
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sº-º-º: A- I
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-
Dal Segno. 8.
T
3.
Dal Segno. 8.
Handel's “Theodora."—Novello, Ewer and Co.'s Octavo Edition.
No. 14. Chorus.—“ALL POW’R IN HEAVEN ABOVE."
empo ordinario.
TREBLE.
TENOR
(8ve. lower).
BASS.
empo ordinario.
PIANo.
d=69.
- - -
-Tº-TC)
| | i
. Sº Fººth,
All pow'r in heav'n a-bove, or earth beneath, | - longs to Thee, be-longs to Thee a -
~ ---
i ---
:
f
-longs to Thee a - lone, Thou e-ver-last-ing One, Thou e - ver - last -ing One !
- longs to Thee a -lone, Thou e - ver-last-ing One, Thou e - - ver -last-ing One
- longs to a -lone, Thou e-ver-last-ing One, Thou e -ver - last -ing One
- longs to Thee a -lone, Thou e-ver-last -ing One, Thou e - ver - last - ing. One!
2T2 ... . . . . ." 2. a 2 a.
*.
ty
death,
death,
death,
to save in
-/*-ī E--- - --
save,
ty
death, to save in
---
to save in pe-ril, storm, and death,
death,
death,
‘. .N .N
** – f.
Flº
-->=
pe-ril, storm, migh-ty to save, i il, storm, death.
WoLCE.
PIANo.
pri-vate O-ra-tories dare re-bel a-gainst the Pre-sident's de-cree? and scorn with na-tive
~
rites to ce-le - brate the day, sa - cred to Cae-sar and pro-tect-ing Jove?
SEPTIMIUs.
cho - ly, fond of life and li - ber - ty, dread the fruits of Chris-tian
dread the fruits of Christian fol - ly, and this stubborn me - lan -
J’
J’
Fine.
z-N
Fine. p
z
woo - ing, and the storm of death pur - su - ing, re-bels to the known de -
chains and dungeons ye are woo - ing, and the storm of death pur
Da Capo.
Handel's “Theodora."—Novello, Ewer and Co.'s Octavo Edition.
No. 16. RECITATIVE.- “ DELUDED MORTAL.”
THEODoRA.
Voice.
PIANo.
God; it is His dread com-mand, His, whom we can - not, dare not dis - o -
SEPTIMIUs.
- bey, though death be our re - ward. Death is not yet thy doom, but worse than
or-der'd to con-vey you to Ve-nus' tem-ple, to wor-ship her, and ful-fil her rites.
^-
~~" -* ~"
Handel's “Theodora.”-Novello, Ewer and Co.'s Octavo Edition.—(63.)
No. 17. RECIT. AND AIR-" ANGELS, EVER BRIGHT AND FAIR.”
THEodorA.
Worce.
PIANo.
-e- 2.
guards, lead me, or to the rack, or to the flames, I'll thank your gracious mercy!
—eº
N-7
An-gels, e - verbright
'8.
an - gels, e - verbright and fair, take, oh take me, take, oh take me to your
- r
e-ver bright and fair, take, oh take me to your care, take, oh takeme to your
Fine.
/~~
Fine.
Dal Segno. 8.
white, clad in robes of vir - gin white, clad in robes of vir - gin white I Take me,
--~ '8.
Segno. 8.
Handel's “Theodora."—Novello, Ewer and Co.'s Octavo Edition.
No. 18. RECIT. AND AIR.—“KIND HEAVEN, IF VIRTUE BE THY CARE.”
DIDIMUs.
Worce.
N->
N-Z
gone; toolate thou cam'st to save the fairest, noblest, best of women. A Roman soldier
led her trembling hence, to the place where We - nus keeps her court.
^_^ N
Adagio. DIDIMUs.
with cou- rage fire me, or art in-spireme, to free the cap-tive
ſº-f
f : f
i
Adagio. s = 50.
Andante. ** 108.
d d.
S-7
J. t 2
- spire me, to free the cap tive fair, to free . . the cap - tive
2.
—sº
vir - tue
#2.
Adagio.
Oh love, how great thy pow'r I but great -er still when vir-tue
-
--~
PIANO.
prompts the steady mind, to prove its na-tive strength in deeds of high-est ho-nour!
2- ~->
PIANO.
d=72.
- ra's charms, with The-o do-ra's charms, free from these dire a
with The-o-'do-ra's charms, with - do - ra's charms, free from these dire a
with - do-ra's charms, with do - ra's charms, free from these dire a
with The-o-'do-ra's charms, with The-o - do - ra's charms, free from these dire a
F---
—i-44–4–3—
====E=====E
Handel's “Theodora."—Novello, Ewer and Co.'s Octavo Edition. F
o - do - ra's charms, free . . from these
- larms, with The -o- free from a -larms, free from these
---
free from these dire a -larms; or crown you with the blest,
free from these dire a -larms; orcrown you with the blest,
*.
*- `- -
2.
blest, with the blest, in glo-ry, peace and rest, and rest,
blest, with the blest, in glo-ry, peace rest, and rest, peace and
orcrown you with the blest, in glo-ry, peace and rest, and rest, peace and
~-
2.
Voice.
Ye men of An-ti-och, with so- lemn pomp re - new the grateful sacrifice to
PIANo.
Jovel and while your songs ascend the vaulted skies, pour on the smoking al-tar floods of wine, in
hon - our of the Smi-ling de - i-ties, fair Flo-ra, and the Cyprian queen.
† =ETP-r L. LI
ºn i
T
i
l
I
I
L
I
L
-
I
I-ii-I
i i
I
l
L
I
-
i
- - #||
-
Queen of Summer, Queen of Love, ... and thou cloud - com-pelling Jove,
r). -
TENOR
(8ve. lower). -I
- i
*-i-H- -
f- E-E
Queen of Summer, Queen of Lºve: ... and thou cloud -com - pell-ing Jove,
- l
- I I- º T. T
-
BAss
-
tº:-
-
H-62
-
EE-
2 |-I
I I I
I
-
1–1
I-I-I
– -
ºn-i
PIANo. 2 -
•= 100. |
Handel's “Theodora."—Novello, Ewer and Co.'s Octavo Edition.—(77.)
I i I
:IE t -
| 1st. |
2nd.
PIANo.
= 104.
WALENs.
wide spread his name, . . and make his glo-ry of end - less fame . . .
.N tr
1.N
4. jº
# ,
Worce.
Sep - ti-mi-us, to the stubborn maid, and learn her fi-mal re - so -
PIANO.
- lu - tion. ere the sun with prone ca-reer has reach'd the west-ern
isles, she makes an of-fer-ing to the great gods, she shall be free;
not, the meanest of my guards shall lead her bound to Ve-nus' tem-ple.
^_^ N
PLANo.
= 76.
##
- ingfrom the
--~
-
-º- -->
Handel's “Theodora.”—Novello, Ewer and Co.'s Octavo Edition.
vel in plea-sure, re - venge.
„—~
. .. . . . re - venge, . . . sweet
-
.TE.
Ped. * • _^>.
-+-
5-- -
- -
- -©- -©-
Handel's ** Theodora."—Novello, Ewer and Co.'s octavo edition.
... re - venge, . sweet love, . . sweet love sup-plies!
- ing from
-->-
mf
-e-
|
Voice.
PIANo.
to health and li-ber-ty! But here, a -las ! they swell the a - go - ni-zing thought of
- :* *:
Handel's “Theodora."—Novello, Ewer and Co.'s Octavo Edition.—(86.)
S7
- TE
With darknessdeep as is my
a - round me throw,
Death, thy vic - tim save, or come, thou Death, thy vic -
Adagio.
PIANo.
-- 76.
-> J - ritard.
WOICE.
But why art thou
PIANO.
Hark! Heav'n in-vites thee in sweet rapt’rous strains to join e - ver - sing-ing,
*N.
e -ver - lov -ing choir of saints and an - gels in the courts a -bove.
--~
- d.
- -
e-ver blest with har-mo-ny and love, that I might rest, for e-ver blest with
~P.
N
* -º- - -
VoICE.
Long have I so - cial soul,
PIANo.
- ti-mi-us, oft ex-perienc'd in the camp and perilous scenes side by side we
~-
fought, and brav'd the dangers of the field, de-pendent on each other's arm. With free-dom
~-> _-
^- N
grace with pure re - li - gious sen - ti - ments in - spir'd my soul, with vir-tuous .
love inflam'd my heart; ev'n she, who, shame to all hu - ma-ni-ty! is now con -
SEPTIMIUs.
- demn'd to worse than death. No more! the shame reflects too much up-on thy friend, the
mean, though duteous instrument of pow'r, knowing her virtues on-ly, not thy love.
~
^_^
N
2-,
dimin.
con Ped.
SEPTIMIUS.
Though the honours that Flo-ra and Venus re-ceive from the Romans, this
2- 2- ~, 2- 2 - 2-, 2-T ... ." 2- 2
Chris-tian re - fu
We -nus nor Flo - ra de-light in . . the woe, that dis - fi-gures their fair - est re
JTF
yet nor We - nus nor Flo - ra de - light in the woe, that dis -
yet InOl' We-nus nor Flo-ra de - light in the wee, that dis
Venus nor Flo -ra de -light in the woe,that dis-fi-gures their fair
We-nus nor Flo-ra de - light in the woe, that dis-figures their fair -
Adagio.
- sem - blance, that dis - fi - gures their fair - est re - sem - blance be -
J. Tempo Imo.
PIANO.
SEPTIMIUs.
Jº
^_^
DIDIMUs.
second yourin-tent, and plea-sure me. I will re-ward them with a bounteous
_- -->
friend,with all that Heav'n can give to the sin - ce-ri-ty of pray’r.
DIDIMUs.
mer-cy woo-ing: ~ ~ _who the call can - bey, who the callcandis- o -
2- 2- ~
- bey? pi-ty su - ing, mer - cy woo- : who the call can dis – o – bey, .
S.
- -, *.*
wooing, pi-ty su-ing, rºſer-cy wooing: who the call can dis -o- bey?pi-ty suing, mer-cy
Adagio.
wooing: who the call can dis- o – bey, who call can dis -o- bey, who the
-
,--> - - -
Fine. 2:S
r.
tress, virtuous beauty in dis-tress, earth will praise and Heav'n re-pay, earth will praise.
S. Dal Segno.
~ -
Voice.
The clouds be-gin to veil the hemisphere, and hea - vi-ly bring on the
PIANO.
; the last per-haps to us— oh! that it were the last to The -o -
- - do - ra, ere she fall a prey to un- ex-ampled shame and cru-el - ty.
|
'8. IRENE.
P.
,‘S’
C.
- - - - - - de - fend her,
º
pº
P. f. r
keep her from rude as - saults se - cure, keep her from rude
~
~ ~ ~
H. J.
- saults se - cure,
Adagio.
r ºf ºf **
Dal Segno. 8.
Haudel's “Theodora."—Novello, Ewer aud Co.'s Octavo Edition.
No. 34. RECIT. AND AIR.—“SWEET ROSE AND LILY.”
DIDIMUs.
Worce.
Or lull'd with grief, or rapt her soul to heaven, in innocence of thought,entranc'd shelies.
N
N-"
Andante.
NL
ndante. g. = 80. ~ -
flow”-ry form! take me, your faith-ful guard, to shield you from bleak
li - ly,
- P
smile be . . . my re - ward;
a smile be my re
---
PLANo.
as one this placemight give you cause to dread, but your de-li-ve-rer and that dear
N-- Y
or-na-ment to The -o- do - ra, her an-gel - pu-ri - ty. If you vouchsafe your ha-bit
vir-tue, and thy love This be-comes not The-o-'do-ra, but the blind e-ne-mies of
2- ~->
truth, Oh no, it must not be 1 Yet Di-di-mus can give a boon, will make me
DIDIMUs.
Voice.
The
PIANo.
Jº. 88.
's home, the sick man's health, the cap-tive's ran - som, poor man's wealth, from
thou - sand trea-sures more, that gen - the death has now in store, thy
2.
| 1st. | | 2nd. |
Voice.
PIANO.
my guil -ty hand, and give her death, who taught me first to live 2
| --~
^_^ `-- ~~
Worce.
>
PIANo. ^_^
purchase with his own 1 Fear not for me! the Pow'r that led me hi-ther will guard me
THEODORA.
hence; if not, His will be done ! Yes, kind de-li-verer, I will trust that Pow'rl Fare -
DIDIMUs.
thou gen’rous youth ! Fare-well, thou mir-ror of the vir - gin state l
~!
---
r 2.
* * * *
* +:
:
Handel's “Theodora."—Novello, Ewer and Co.'s Octavo Edition.
116
- ºf
I hope a - gain to
~
2.
butsureshallmeet in heav'n, .
sureshallmeet in heav'n'
". . .
2.
but sure shall meet, - - - but sure shall meet in heav'n, but sureshall
WoLCE.
'Tis night; but night's sweet blessingis denied to grieflike ours. Be pray’r our refuge,
PIANO.
-"
º
TZ
D ta *
ºw y
pray’r to Him, who rais'd, and still can raise, the dead to life and joy!
an
TZT - I i tº
i L- i l | |||
I L. I l
I I
-e-
" ; S-7
©E -
1.
i H f H
—1
IT in
–- FE
#2; -º-
i
o
Ea- PEEE
Yº-"
ALTo.
TENor.
(8ve. lower) He saw the lovely
BAss.
Accomp.
JN-72.
*-*
He saw the lovely youth,death's ear - ly He saw the lovely youth, death's
--- `-- -
ear-ly prey, A -las, a-las, a-las, too ear-lysnatch'da-way, . . snatch'd away!
r r" º
He saw the love-ly youth, death's ear - ly, ear-ly prey, A-las!
- 2
too ear-ly snatch'd a - way, A-las! alas! a - las! too ear-ly snatch'd a -
too ear-ly snatch'd a - way, a - way! a-las! too ear-ly snatch'd a - way
| 2–
--N
Jº.
A tempo ordinario.
-- -
8ves. . . 8ves.
youth, he said,
2.
-" -- 108.
rh L- - *
HE-HHG - H - H - H--- =
I
Fº - A. A.
LT
- —I a i - -- -
§ in-i- - º
Low-ly the matron bow’d, and bore away the prize, and
- l
I-n- L-L-L I T
- I º * I - I
T º–E
ſ! -
Low-ly the ma-tron
- H
bow'd,
- H
I i I
I I
! - I - I
I
I - I I I I ITT
I - ITI I _l t
i *-i- l -
- I T-I l
: Tº F.I.F. (===rſ
I -I- º -I - L
- I TTL- - T
I - I I - in
i I I- dº
~" `--"
ma-tron bow'd,
~ -
ma-tron bow’d,
ma-tron bow’d,
e ma-tron bow"
-"
the prize,
1
---
| -- |- I
Handel'ſ Theodora.—Novello, Ewer and Co.'s Octavo Edition.
8ves.
124
-—
a - — ---, +---
----- +-------- ---
ºr-
v - way, and bore, and
******
bore .
=========
- a-way
-
-
- the
º 1- -
- - i i _
– - e— H : ==EEEEEEE
– 2–2–EH-3EF===
prize, . . . Low - - - ly the ma-tron bow'd, and bore a --
~ ~->
Rºº-º-º:
V P T-I
E–EE
|
---
*E*****—EE —
| — EE EE E —a
-
l–
H F-
- FE
Fº
—
`--"
bore . . a - wav the prize.
ma-tron prize.
ma-tron prize.
d -º-
i ~
PIANO.
= 72.
IRENE.
Lord, to Thee,each
:g#
3
night and day, strong in hope we sing and pray, strong in hope we
f3
3
sing. and pray, each night and day we sing and pray, to Thee we
:
ſf f f
pray, Lord, to Thee in hope we sing and pray, to Thee, each night and
^-
J’ ; r.
Yº
and day, strong in hope sing . . and pray, we sing and
- >-
strong in hope . . we sing . and prayſ
2. -
-*-*
)
VoICE.
But see, the good, the vir-tuous Di - di-mus! he comes to join with us in
pray'r for The-o-'do-ra. No, Heav'n has heard your pray'rs for The-o-'do-ra— be-hold her safe!—Oh,
| 2-,
N
2
that as free and safe were Di-di-mus, my kind de - li-ve-rer | But let this hab-it speak the rest.
Larghetto. ~
PIANo. mf
J-30. + ºr
Jº 22
THEODoRA.
f mf
f
J-.
When sunk in anguish and despair, to Heav'n I cried: Heav'n heard my pray’r, and bade a
p
cres. mf
The gen’rous youth o - bey'd and came, all wraptin love's di - vin - est
.-
flame, 39– save a wretch - ed vir-gin's fame, and turn her grief to joy,
---
!
the gen'rous youth employ. Thegen'rous youth obey'dandcame, all wraptin love's di-vinest
^-1.
—ll-T
and turn her grief. . to
r F.I.
Adagio.
2- a
vºw
Handel's “Theodora.”—Novello, Ewer and Co.'s Octavo Edition.
No. 44. CHORUs.—“BLEST BE THE HAND.”
Tempo ordinario.
TEEBLE.
ALTo.
- s:: - -
Tempo ordinario.
Jſ
blest be the
#:
: i:
hand, and blest the pow'r, and blest the pow'r, . - ... and blest the
iº : * + ºr 's
&#E E=E===E====E====E===#
**E====E=====FE*===
º - - - - l - E
-> that in this dark and dang'rous hour sav'd . . thee from cru- él strife; best be the
–2– * I _ I I -T
-" -
_in_dº - lTI _- -
TººlI
II i
L-
i -
I - - * I T
--
º D I T ==
-
- --- * + ---
º
that in this dark and dang'rous hour sav'd theefrom cru - elstrife; blestbethe
–2–7– --> i - i I - H º -
fºº-º-º-º:
- -
H I
HE
I
- H-H
i -- -
Cºl. L I
hand, and blest the pow'r, that in this dark and dang'
hand, and blest the pow'r, that in this dark and dang'rous hour sav'd thee from
hand, and blest the pow'r, that in this dark and dang'rous hour sav'd
--- 2.
_* THEodora.
thee from cru - el strife! Lord, - vour still the kind in-tent, and
el strife!
- -º-
Chorus.
Lord, fa - vour still the kind in tent, and bless Thy gra-cious instrument with
#: 2. |-
mf
and
still the kind in - tent, and bless Thy gra-cious instrument with li-ber-ty and life, . . .
* * *:
li-ber-ty and life, and bless Thy gra-cious in - strument with li-ber - ty and life!
and life, and bless Thy gra-cious in - t with li-ber -ty and life!
li-ber-ty and life, and bless Thy gra-cious in-strument with li-ber - ty and life
_-
i
li-ber-ty and life, and bless Thy gra-cious in - strument li-ber-ty and life
f f
- strument
still the kind in - tent, and bless Thy gracious instrument with li-ber-ty and
---
and
. . with li-ber-ty and life! Blest be the hand, and blest the
- stru - ment
thee from cru-el strife, from cru-el strife, sav'd thee from cru
thee from cru - el-strife, from cru-el strife, sav'd thee from cru -
thee from cru-el strife, cru-el strife, sav'd thee cru - el, cru-el
strife Lord, fa-vour still . . the kind in-tent, and bless Thy gracious
** *-
:
ty . . and
3
... and bless Thy gra - cious instrument with li-ber
:
- tent, and bless, and bless Thy gracious twith li - ber - ty and
3
li-ber-ty and life, and bless Thy gracious li-ber-ty, with li-ber-ty and
- ber -
3º
and bless Thy gra-cious a in -stru-ment with li. - ber
l
% -
-
- -e-
Tex
Handel's “Theodora.”–Novello, Ewer and Co.'s Octavo Edition.
No. 45. RECITATIVE.-4: UNDAUNTED IN THE COURT.”
MEssexGER.
Worce.
PIANO.
vain to save the gen'rous hero's life are all en-treaties, ev'n from Romans, vain; and high en -
- rag'd, the Pre-si-dent pro- tests, should he re-gain the fu - gi-tive, no more to try her
2->
with the fear of in - fa-my, but with the ter-rors of a cru-el death.
2- _-
^_^ ^-
IRENE.
Ah, The-o-'do-ra ! whence this sudden change from grief's pale looks to looksofredd'ningjoy!
--~ ~
Oh, my I - re-ne, Heav'n is kind, and Valens, too, is kind, to givene pow'r to execute in
= pa
turn my gra - ti-tude, while safe my honour. Stay me not, dear friend!on-ly as: -
3.
sist me with a pro-per dress, that I may ran- som the too gen’-rous youth.
t PIANO.
J = 66.
IRENE.
oh stay !
2 2- 2
~
- =T
d. -
Worce.
PIANO.
hon - our this frail life can give. De -vo-tion bids as - pire to no-bler things,
to bound-less love and joysin - ef-fa - ble: and such her ex-pec-ta-tion from kind Heav'n.
-a-
\->
,-
-
--- -
sor-row, while sorrow fleetsa - way, while sorrow, while sor-row fleets a -
T. S.
: -
- N
.
- N
while sorrow fleets away:
- rious day,
like mists be-fore the ri-sing sun, that gives a glo - riousday, that
.N
Adagio.
º3: :
~.
Worce.
I
PIANo.
el/ #3.- N-" -ę- —a
o
l
(GHT
Nº-ºn
HI E.
L-E-
HEE
Fº-l
I
º — I º I V- L
I I I I I
_-
=-ºl
I I.
"Tº
I v=-
I
Le-
I
--
I F
VIZ º Tº TI Tº Le: 25 T
el/ X- TOT S. …, TCT -a-
I
2N - i I I T d I T
U-TET. I I I - Tº Iºl t
N-> - ºl ,- - I wº- T I
ºtº- I TT I TI TI I
T *- I
WALENs.
doom! you may in-flict it here with le-gal jus-tice; there 'tis cru-el-ty.
there such virtuous courage in the sex? preserve them, oh ye gods, preserve them both !
PIANo. mf
•= 84. #.
º, º
'8. SEPTIMIUs.
From vir-tue
-
springs each gen - 'rous deed, that
,-->
Xp
grate-ful pray'r,
pray'r, that claims our grate - ful, grateful . . pray'r, from vir-tue springs each ..
~
~ --~
ful, grate-fulpray'r,
-
un poco f . -
Dal Segno. 8.
Handel's “Theodora."–Novello, Ever and Co.'s Octavo Edition.
No. 50. AIR.—“CEASE, YE SLAVES, YOUR FRUITLESS PRAYER.”
Furioso.
PIANo.
•= 56.
WALENs.
—g-
y
:
:
i
Cease, ye slaves,your fruit-less
:3fài:= The pow'rs be - low no pi - ty know for the brave, . . ... or for the
%
% Handel's “Theodora."–Novello, Ewer and Co's Octavo Edition.
s:
Mo. 51. Recrtative—"TIS KIND, MY FRIENDS."
DIDIMUs.
Voice.
'Tiskind, myfriends; but kinder still, if for this daughterofAn -ti-ochus, inmindas
PLANo.
(to Theodora.)
no-ble asher birth, your pray'rs prevail, that Didimus a-loneshall die. Had I asma-my
THEODoRA.
lives as virtuesthou, free-ly for thee I would resign them all. Oppose not, Didimus,
my just de-sires; for know, that 'twas dis - hon - our I de- clin'd, not death: most
ALTO.
TENOR
(8ve. lower).
=
BASs.
Larghetto,
|
Piaso.
s = 80.
:
:
:
strange their ends, and yet how
-S-S
-E-º-º- e e He -
- tends to fall vic - to vic - to- rious, where each contends, where each
-k
Ilandel's “Theodora.”–Novello, Ewer and Co.'s Octavo Edition.
157
=
How strange their ends, and yet how glorious!
How
:ă
how strange
:
How strange their ends, and yet how glo-rious!
f: strange their ends, and yet how glo-rious, and yet how glo-rious, where each con -
.
and yet . . how glo-rious! where each contends,
T
:º where each contends, where each contends to fall vic - to - rious, where each contends,
-tends to rious!
_-_
for the 'd the gladvic-tor dies, where vir-tue its - e-mies,
for the vanquish'd the gladvic-tor dies, vir-tue its own in-nocence de-nies,
the vanquish'd the gladvic-tor dies, where tue its own in-nocence de-nies, andfor
for the vanquish'dthegladvic-tor dies, where vir-tue its own in-nocence de-mies,
:
º Handel's “Theodora."—Novello, Ewer and Co.'s Octavo Edition.
No. 53. RECITATIVE.—“ON ME YOUR FROWNS.”
DIDIMUs (to Valens).
WoLCE.
PIANO.
THEoDoRA.
WALENs.
Are ye then judg-es for yourselves? not so our laws are to be tri-fled with:— if
both plead guil - ty, 'tis but e - qui-ty that both should suf - fer.
Ye min-is-ters of jus-tice, lead them hence, I can-not, will not bear such in - solence 1
_-> …-->
* Instead of these last four bars, the following Aria may be sung, at discretion.
PIANo.
J–st.
WALENs.
Ye min-is-ters of
and as our gods they honour or des - pise, fall they their
2–,
-AP
ho-nour or des - pise, fall they their sup - plicants, fall they their
Adagio.
S8 - - cri - fice.
Adagio. Tempo lmo.
DIDIMUS. SEPTIMIUs.
Voics.
PIANO.
DIDIMUS.
friend, nor rash; for life we nei- ther hate scorn: but think it a cheap
pur-chase for the prize re-serv'd in heav'n for pu- ri - ty and faith.
PIANo.
Jº 80.
DIDIMUs.
—º-
- bro-sial e-vergrowing, golden thrones, starry crowns, are the triumphs of the blest,
`--
tri- umphs of the blest, — are the tri - umphs of the blest;
streams of pleasure e - verflowing, fruitsam- bro - sial e-ver growing, golden thrones, starry
- -
S- 1 :-
s crowns, are the tri-umphs of the blest, are the tri-umphs of the blest,
i -"
In
V # l
H=
Adagio.
SENES
=
m
E
Tºſ
f blest, are the tri-umphs of the blest:
Tempo 1m0.5
_->
;:
when from life's dull la-bour free, clad with immor-ta - li - ty, they en-joy a last-ing
:
rest, they en -joy . . . a last-ing rest, when from life's dull la - bour
free, clad with immor-ta -li - ty, they en-joy, they en - joy a last - ing
º
Handel's “Theodora."—Novello, Ewer and Co.'s Octavo Edition.
166
THEoDoRA.
pleas-ing, wake the song and tune, wake the song and tune the
,-,
::
pleasing, wake the song . . tune, . . and tune the lyre of the blissful, ho-ly
:
Handel's “Theodora."—Novello, Ewer and Co.'s Octavo Edition.
:
T
- - I
*======="---S-E —E
choir, . . of the bliss-ful, ho - ly choirſ
- ==ES HE à-s=N===
choir, . . of the bliss - ful, ho - ly choirſ thi - ther let our hearts as -
º I
*AL -> - R====E=====H t T - - ---
—ll sº
Adagio.
tune, wake . . the song and tune . . the lyre of the - ful, ho
song, wake the song and tune the "lyre of the bliss-ful,
Adagio.
ho - ly choirſ
- ly choir!
IRENE.
: WoLCE.
Ere this their doom is past, and they are gone to prove that love is stronger farthan death.
PIANO.
;:
: No. 58. CHORUs.—“OH LOVE DIVINE.”
Larghetto.
TREBLE.
ALTo.
TENOR
(8ve. lower).
BASS.
Larghetto.
Faso.
s = 72.
-
|-- _ -
º: :
#== #EEEEEEEEE===
Zs-E*==== =E -
Oh
f*-** = -
- - -
r
... of
R - I
-/
EE-Eº T T
SE
-
º 9-h - I
Oh love di
-
- vine, .
I-A-
, thousource of fame,
====#e===
. -
TTF-1
thou source of
-
HI E-º-º-º-º:TEH
L -- - I I HZ-2–
I F i
--
- L- - | - H *#=-º-º-º: *—T I Lº I E
I I "I L- *- I - Iz - "Lºl I - d
I T-T- I I F l I º
ºº
% Handel's “Theodora."—Novello, Ewer and Co.'s Octavo Edition.—(169.)
170
oh love di - vine,
our soulsin-flame,
*-
-
^-
`-
^-
: -
qual
~-
zeal employ,
===N=====E=-
let e-qual fire of souls in-flame,
ed. ×
-*
*== - - -
-
T --- - -
====E========
—”—*—E--—E-– I
==H
E--->
|- H -
i
ITI
-
*_
H- --
i
I
-
I
f
--i-º-
I-I
I
- -
*——s
i i
i-I
i •
-
2 -
------
-—t—- - - + * . * * L
-
#EEEEEZHZEEEa
H- H i I ITI
E
I
###H#H#H
=#:==#EEE -
J– H---------
l
------> f -- H=:
wº-Fi-e-
|<======HE={
- -
-
-
--"
-
—-
--
--————
–––––
•----|--|--
L- ºn - - -
-
Handel's “Theodora."—Novello, Ewer and Co.'s Octavo Edition.
whose streams ap - pear'd so bright. . - low,
-"
-
_ } NI- H- I I I-º-º-
5–-
2-- -
_l
-
–2–
H----
i
H
i-
EEEEE
I-I-I-
E-EEEE-E-EE. EEE
- peard so bright- - - - - so bright be - low, that we the
:-- - l I T EE- - H EE
º --L--Rſ L- i −a. + | == Fº H P--
-2'- .########## * I
-" --~~
2
~ *-
so bright be - low !
so bright be - low !
so bright be - low !
so bright be - low !
THE END.
~~
: AIR
. CHORUs
. RECIT.
AIR
. RECIT.
(Heathens)
Didimus -
Didimus -
Septimius
-
-
For ever thus stands fixed the doom
Most cruel decree
AIR Theodora -
Fond, flatt'ring world, adieu ! 36
AIR Irene -
Bane of virtue - - - 39
59
. RECIT. Septimius O foolish people ! - -