Environmental Compliance Guide for Mining Industries

FINAL REPORT
DECEMBER 2005
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
ITEM CHAPTER
NUMBER
1 INTRODUCTION ----- 1
1.1 Background ----- 1
1.2 Gist Of Environmental Acts, Rules And Notifications ----- 2
2 LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ----- 3
2.1 Fundamental Rights And Duties Of A Citizen ----- 3
2.2 State Policy ----- 3
2.3 Legislative Authority ----- 3
2.4 Relevant Legislations ----- 4
2.4.1 The Mines Act, 1952 ----- 4
2.4.2 The Mines Rule, 1955 ----- 4
2.4.3 The Mines And Minerals (Development And Regulation) ----- 5
Act, 1957
2.4.4 Mineral Concessions Rules, 1960 And Mineral ----- 5
Conservation And Development Rules 1988.
2.4.5 Environment Protection Act 1986. ----- 5
2.4.6 The Water (Prevention And Control Of Pollution) Act, 1974 ----- 5
And Rules
2.4.7 The Water (Prevention And Control Of Pollution) Cess Act, ----- 6
1977 And Rules
2.4.8 The Air (Prevention And Control Of Pollution) Act, 1981 ----- 6
And Rules
2.4.9 The Environment Impact Assessment Notification 1994 & ----- 6
1997
2.4.10 The Noise Pollution (Regulation And Control) Rules, 2000 ----- 7
2.4.11 The Municipal Solid Waste (Management & Handling ----- 7
Rules), 2000
2.4.12 Forest Conservation Act 1980. ----- 7
2.4.12 The Biological Diversity Act 2003. ----- 7
2.5 Relevant Policies ----- 8
2.5.1 The National Mineral Policy ----- 8
2.5.2 The National Forest Policy ----- 10
2.5.3 The National Environmental Policy ----- 11
2.5.4 The National Industrial Policy ----- 13
2.5.5 Draft National Rehabilitation & Resettlement Policy ----- 13
2.6 Relevant Institutions ----- 14
2.6.1 Department Of Mines And Geology, Government Of ----- 14
Karnataka
2.6.2 Indian Bureau Of Mines, Department Of Mines, ----- 14
Government Of India
2.6.3 Ministry Of Environment And Forest, Government Of India ----- 16
2.6.4 Department Of Ecology And Environment, Government Of ----- 17
Karnataka
2.6.5 Karnataka State Pollution Control Board ----- 17
3 RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE MINING AUTHORITIES IN ----- 20
CONTEXT WITH MINING OPERATIONS
3.1 Approvals ----- 20
3.2 Responsibilities ----- 20
4 WATER AND AIR (PREVENTION & CONTROL OF ----- 22
POLLUTION) ACTS
PAGE
ITEM CHAPTER
NUMBER
4.1 Consent Procedure ----- 22
5 WATER (PREVENTION & CONTROL OF POLLUTION) CESS ----- 23
ACT
6 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT NOTIFICATION ----- 24
6.1 Requirements And Procedure For Seeking Site Clearance ----- 24
For Prospecting And Exploration Projects
6.2 Requirements And Procedure For Seeking Environmental ----- 24
Clearance Of Projects
7 ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT PROCEDURES ----- 27
7.1 Contents Of Environmental Statement ----- 27
8 ENVIRONMENTAL AUDITING ----- 28
8.1 Features Of A Good Environmental Audit ----- 28
8.2 Audit Procedure ----- 29
9 ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE VERIFICATION EXERCISE ----- 30
Appendix I ---- 31
Appendix II ---- 33
Appendix III ---- 35
Appendix IV ---- 37
Appendix V ---- 41
Annexure Maintaining Log Books ---- 55
Verification Guidelines ---- 60
Standard Operating Procedure for Mining Industries
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
The mining industry in Karnataka is one of the major revenue
generating sectors of the state. Also, the industry can be equally disastrous to
the environment if proper care in not taken while mining. Some of the
environmental hazards include:
The tailings from mining can produce an acidic leachate when exposed to moisture and
air, a phenomenon known as acid mine drainage. Acid mine drainage may affect water
quality and aquatic life.
Noise levels during the mining process are usually very high which are a threat to
humans and animals.
Dust levels are also very high especially during the blasting in open cast mines and
while transporting the ores
Though the mine owners, regulators and auditors have been addressing the issues of
environmental safeguards, it has been noticed that most to times they have to grope through
various acts, rules, documents to understand the various details of environmental
compliances. Thus, it was felt necessary to bring out a booklet which gives all the relevant
information for the mining sector.
Presently, as per Rule 14 of the Environment Protection Rules, 1986, it is mandatory for
persons carrying out an industry or operation or process which require consent under Water
Act, 1974 or Air Act, 1981 or authorization under the Hazardous Waste Rules, 1989, to
submit every year an Environmental Statement to the concerned State Pollution Control
Board. However, the existing mechanism does not provide for rigorous analysis of
Environmental Statement by the industries. Hence, it was felt that an effective institutional
arrangement for implementing the Environmental Audit is necessary.
This document is a reference guide which provides for guidelines to mining operators,
regulators and auditors to standard procedures for environmental clearances, procedures for
taking appropriate consents for establishing and operation of industries, the compliance
standards set for the mining sector ensuring the consent conditions for discharges of effluent
are met, best practices for cleaner production, etc.
This document also puts forth the linkages between the Environmental Impact Assessment
document which is prepared at the initialisation of the project and the Environmental
Statement to be provided by the project proponent. Also the document defines the
responsibilities of the project proponent (internal auditor) and external and regulators, the
precautionary measures to the taken, the method to be followed and records to be maintained
by the project proponent.
1.2 GIST OF ENVIRONMENTAL ACTS, RULES AND NOTIFICATIONS
Mining of various major and minor minerals is regulated by various legislations
related to mining and environment. The actions within the mines are regulated by the
mining legislations while those outside the mines are governed by environmental and other
legislations. The environmental aspects of the mining areas, i.e., work place environment,
are governed by the mining legislation. In the Mining Sector the following Acts, Rules and
Notifications are applicable:
Mining Legislations:
i. The Mines Act, 1952 and The Mines Rules, 1955
ii. The Metalliferous Mines Regulations, 1961
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iii. The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) (MMRD) Act, 1957,
iv. The Mineral Conservation and Development Rules (MCDR), 1988,
v. The Mineral Concession Rules (MCR), 1960.
Environmental Legislations:
1. The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and Rules
2. The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977 and Rules
3. The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 and Rules
4. Relevant provisions under Environmental Protection Act and Rules, 1986
♦ The Environment Impact Assessment Notification 1994 & 1997
♦ The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000
♦ The Municipal Solid Waste (Management & Handling Rules), 2000
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2 LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

To put the whole regulatory framework of India in perspective, a gist of
constitutional provisions that relate to the environment is given below.
2.1 FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF A CITIZEN
1. Under the Indian Constitution, Part III [Fundamental Rights] Article 21
states the fundamental right of protection of life and personal liberty of an
individual, “No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except
according to procedure established by law”. It should be noted that though
this Article does not explicitly mention the term ‘environment’, it is a fundamental
norm recognized by the court that every person enjoys the right to a wholesome
environment, which is a facet of right to life under the above-mentioned Article.
2. Part IV – A [Fundamental Duties] Article 51 – A (g) states that “It shall be the duty of
every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests,
lakes, rivers and wildlife and to have compassion for living creatures”. This Article
was inserted by the Constitutional (42nd Amendment) Act, 1976
2.2 STATE POLICY
The State’s responsibility has been laid down in the Part IV – ‘Directive Principle of State
Policy’ of the Constitution. The Article 48 –A concerns the Environmental responsibility of
the State and was inserted by the Constitutional (42nd Amendment) Act, 1976. The Article
states that “The State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safe
guard the forests and wild life of the country”.
2.3 LEGISLATIVE AUTHORITY
The Part XI of Constitution states the relationship between the Union and the States
for sharing the legislative and administrative powers. Under this Part, the Article 245 of the
Constitution gives the extent of the laws made by the Parliament and the State Legislatures.
The Parliament has the power to legislate for the whole country while the State legislatures
are empowered to make laws for their respective states. The Article 246 of the Part XI of
Constitution divides the areas of legislation (subject wise) between the Union [List 1 or
Union List in 7th Schedule, 97 subjects], State Legislatures [List II or State List in 7th
Schedule, 66 subjects] and both Parliament and State Legislatures [List III or Concurrent
List in 7th Schedule, 52 subjects]. The subjects related to environment in the 7th Schedule
under the three lists are summarized below:
LIST NAME SUBJECT SUBJECT

NO. NO. IN LIST
I Union 52 Industries
List 53 Regulation and development of
oil fields and mineral oil
resources
54 Regulation of mines and mineral
development
55 Regulation and development of
Inter-State rivers and river
valleys
56 Fishing and fisheries beyond
territorial waters
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LIST NAME SUBJECT SUBJECT

NO. NO. IN LIST
II State 6 Public health and sanitation
List 14 Agriculture, protection against
pest and prevention of plant
diseases
18 Land, colonization, etc.
21 Fisheries
23 Regulation of mines and mineral
development subject to the
provision of List –I
24 Industries subject to the
provision of List – I
III Concurrent 17 A Forests
List 17 B Protection of wild animals and
birds
20 Economic and social planning
20 A Population control and family
planning
♦ The Parliament has powers to legislate on subjects not covered by the three Lists
[Article 248].
♦ The Parliament is also empowered to legislate in the ‘national interest’ on matters
enumerated in the State List [Article 249].
♦ In event of a conflict between the Central law and State law on a concurrent subject the
former prevails [Article 254 (1)].
♦ In case of a State law passed subsequent to the Central law, the State law shall prevail in
that State only if it has received Presidential Assent under Article 254 (2) of Part XI of
Constitution.
From an environmental standpoint, the allocation of legislative authority is an
important one as some environmental problems such as sanitation and waste disposal are
best tackled at local level, while others like water pollution and wildlife protection are better
regulated by uniform national laws.
2.4 RELEVANT LEGISLATIONS
As stated earlier, the working environment within the mines are regulated by the mining
legislations while the environment (air & water emissions, noise, waste) outside the mines
are governed by environmental legislations.
2.4.1 The Mines Act, 1952
As per the Act the owner, agents and managers should provide
wholesome drinking water and latrines and urinals in clean sanitary
conditions for all the workers
2.4.2 The Mines Rule, 1955
Rule 30 specifies the quantity of drinking water while Rule 31 outlines the storage of
drinking water. Rule 33 and 37 making provisions for latrines on surface and underground,
respectively and Rule 38 provides for maintaining sanitation in the mines. Rule 39 defines
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the obligations of work persons in not misusing or damages latrines provided and polluting
the underground workings of mine with excreta.
2.4.3 The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957
The Act regulates the development of minerals in the country and was amended in 1986,
1994 and 1999 to incorporate the provisions of environmental protection and management in
the mines and to bring about the concept scientific mining.
Section 4 A(1) and 4 A(2) provide for termination of PL/ML by the Central
Government and under sub-para 2 of para 4A by the State Governments, if in their opinion it
is expedient in the interest of preservation of natural environment, prevention of pollution,
conservation of mineral resources, safety in mines, and other reasons given in the Act.
Sub-section 2 of Section 13 lists the matters that are covered by rules framed by the
Central Government. These matters include the manner in which rehabilitation of flora and
other vegetation shall be made in the same area or in any other area selected by the Central
Government. Section 15(1)A(i) includes the manner in which the rehabilitation of flora and
other vegetation shall be made in the same area or in any other area selected by the State
Government.
Section 18(1) delegates the powers to the Central Government to frame rules for
major minerals for conservation and systematic development of minerals and for the
protection of environment by preventing or controlling any pollution which may be caused
by prospecting and mining operations. Section 18(2) states that the rules may provide for all
or any of the matters including the disposal or discharge of waste slime or tailing arising
from any mining or metallurgical operation carried out in a mine, and the manner in which
and the authority by which directions may be issued to the owners of any mine to do or
refrain from doing certain things in the interest of conservation or systematic development of
minerals or for the protection of environment by preventing or controlling pollution which
may be caused by prospecting or mining operations.
2.4.4 Mineral Concessions Rules, 1960 and Mineral Conservation and Development
Rules 1988.
These Rules and guidelines have been framed under MMDR Acts 1957 and provides
guidelines with regard to pollution control and environment protection for mining of major
minerals. The GCDR 1999 lays down the guidelines with respect to pollution control for
quarrying of granites on systematic and scientific way as well as environment protection. In
the rules the standards and permissible limits of discharge and emissions are not indicated
and state that the concerned regulatory authority will stipulate the necessary standards.
2.4.5 Environment Protection Act 1986.
The Environment protection Act 1986 section 3 provides for fixing
standards for emission or discharge of environmental pollutants. The standards
of emissions or discharge of environmental pollutants from the industries,
operations or processes shall be as specified in (schedules 1 to IV). Since the
KSPCB is not insisting on any of the provisions while issuing the consent only
the EIA needs to be done to get the licenses.
2.4.6 The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and Rules
As per this Act the occupier or the operator of a mining activity has to fulfil the
following obligations and duties to protect the environment and to prevent any
environmental damage or pollution.
Section 25 The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) dealing with Trade
effluent (Domestic sewage only) and it is expected that there is no generation of trade
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effluent in the mining activity due to digging, over burden or any other such processing.
However in case of slurry or pelletisation of mine ore there is a possibility of trade effluent
generation which is to be discharged as per the water Act applicable.
Act makes it mandatory the occupier to discharge any trade effluent to the land or
water body by treating it to the level of the standards prescribed by the Regulatory authority.
(the standards are given in the chapter xxx). Any violation of this section attracts legal
action under the section 41 to of the Water Act.
Section 28 The Water (Prevention and control of pollution) dealing with Trade effluent
treatment and discharge regulations.
2.4.7 The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977 and Rules
The purpose of Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Cess Act is levy and collect cess
on water consumed by 16 categories of industries specified in the act and also by local
bodies with a view to augment the resources of the Central and State Pollution Control
Boards. Water cess is levied based on the water consumed for domestic and specified
industry.
2.4.8 The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 and Rules
The objective of this Act is to provide for the prevention, control and abatement of
air pollution, for the establishment, with a view to carrying out the afore said purposes, of
boards, for conferring on and assigning to such boards powers and functions relating thereto
and for matters connected therewith. Decisions were taken at the United Nations
Conference on the Human Environment held in Stockholm in June 1972, in which India
participated, to take appropriate steps for the preservation of the natural resources of the
earth which among other things, includes the preservation of the quality of air and control of
air pollution.
The Central and State Pollution Control Boards are entrusted to perform the
functions under the Act. As per the Act, Air Pollution is defined means the presence in the
atmosphere of any air pollutant. Air pollutant means any solid, liquid or gaseous substance
(including noise) present in the atmosphere in such concentration as may be or tend to be
injurious to human beings or other living creatures or plants or property or environment.
The primary responsibility of controlling air pollution is on the Board. The very first
measure to be adopted in this respect is the declaration of any area or areas within the State
as air pollution control area. In respect the Sate government has declared entire State as air
pollution control area. The air pollution from industrial plants is controlled through consent
mechanism by stipulating standards in respect of air pollutants. In case of non compliance,
the act has made provisions for issuing directions to any person, officer or authority, and
such person, officer or authority shall bound to comply with such directions. Power to issue
direction includes the power to direct:
♦ Closure, prohibition or regulation of any industry, operation or process or
♦ The stoppage or regulation of supply of electricity, water or any other service
In addition to this, Provisions exist to make application to courts for restring persons from
causing air pollution and punish the offender with imprisonment and fine.
2.4.9 The Environment Impact Assessment Notification 1994 & 1997
The Mining Industry requires environmental clearance from the Central Government.
The Central and/or the State Government, with the following objectives for environment
clearance of polluting or degrading development activities:
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- Optimal utilization of finite natural resources through use of better technologies and
management packages.
- Incorporating suitable remedial measures at the project formulation stage.
2.4.10 The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000

The State Government shall categorize the area into industrial,
commercial, residential or silence area/zones for the purpose of
implementation of noise, standards for different area. The ambient air
quality standards in respect of noise for different areas/zones shall be such as
specified in the Schedule annexed to these rules.
The noise levels in any area/zone shall not exceed the ambient air
quality standards in respect of noise as specified in the Schedule.
The authority shall be responsible for the enforcement of noise
pollution control measures and the due compliance of the ambient air quality
standards in respect of noise.
2.4.11 The Municipal Solid Waste (Management & Handling
Rules), 2000
These rules shall; apply to every municipal authority responsible for collection,
segregation, storage, transportation, processing and disposal of municipal solid
wastes.
The municipal authority or an operator of a facility shall make an application
in Form I, for grant of authorization for setting up waste processing and disposal
facility including landfills from the State Board or the Committee in order to comply with
the implementation programme laid down in Schedule I.
The municipal authority shall comply with these rules as per the implementation
schedule laid down in Schedule I.
The State Board or the Committee shall monitor the compliance of the standards
regarding groundwater, ambient air, leachate quality and the compost quality including
incineration standards as specified under Schedules II, III and IV.
2.4.12 Forest Conservation Act 1980.
The Forest Conservation Act prohibits diversion any forestland to the
non-forestry activities including mining. However with the permission of
the Government of India the diversion is permitted only if the area approved for the mining
does not contain any bio-diversity and do not harm the ecosystem. According to this Act all
the mining projects existing or old sanctioned before the enactment of the Act are to be
reviewed before renewing the lease. However the forest areas having rich mineral wealth
and do not have high bio-diversity are diverted for the mining lease. The old mining lease
like Kuduremukh still having rich bio-diversity are still allowed to mine with strict
environmental safeguards.
2.4.13 The Biological Diversity Act, 2003
The Biological Diversity Act, 2003, aims to promote conservation, sustainable use
and equitable sharing of benefits of India’s biodiversity resources. With this in view it
provides for the establishment of a National Biodiversity Authority, State Biodiversity
Boards and Biodiversity Management Committees at the level of Panchayats and
Municipalities.
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The overall objectives of the act are to devise strategies, plans and programmes for
conservation, sustainable use and equitable sharing of benefits of India’s biodiversity
resources (including preservation of habitats, conservation of land races, folk varieties and
cultivars, domesticated stocks and breeds of animals and micro-organisms) at a whole
hierarchy of levels; namely, national, state, and local bodies (Municipalities and City
Corporations, Zilla, Taluk and Gram Panchayats). For this purpose promotion at all levels
of good documentation of biological diversity, its uses and associated knowledge is
envisaged.
2.5 RELEVANT POLICIES

The following list of the policies related to environment
and mining have been formed since 1894:
1. Forest Policy, 1894
2. Industrial Policy Resolution, 1948
3. National Forest Policy, 1952
4. Industrial Policy, 1956
5. National Forest Policy, 1988
6. The Industrial Policy, 1991
7. The Policy Statement for Abatement of Pollution, 1992
8. The National Mineral Policy, 1993
9. The Export-Import Policy, 1997
It is evident that the Policies being pursued presently have been evolved with
experience and with the considerations of various national and international developments
and the country's requirements for development. The Policies outline the guiding principles
for the various developmental and industrial activities. In addition to the National Policies
some of the mining companies have formulated their own policies. The National Policies
directly related with the mining sector and some of the Environmental Policies of the
mineral industry are outlined below in brief.
2.5.1 The National Mineral Policy
Minerals are non-renewable natural resources and are exploited at the place of their
existence. Therefore, the guidelines for the exploitation of the minerals and the fossil fuels
take into account the overall development strategies of the country. The National Mineral
Policy presently embodies these and directs the mineral mining industry accordingly.
The National Mineral Policy was first announced in 1990 through which 13 minerals
of basic and strategic importance, namely, iron ore, manganese, chrome ore, sulfur, gold,
diamond, copper, lead, zinc, molybdenum, tungsten, nickel, and platinum, were reserved
exclusively for state exploitation. With the adaptation of the new Industrial Policy in 1991
radical changes were brought about in the fiscal regime with deregulation of the industry,
liberalization of trade system, privatization of public sector and globalization of the
economy to achieve economic liberalization, rapid industrial growth, promotion of foreign
investment/technology, reduction in compulsory licensing, etc.
Keeping in view the requirement of the minerals for the growth of the nation in the
wake of liberalization as a result of the Industrial Policy of 1991 a new look Industrial Policy
was framed and adapted in 1993 incorporating the following major features making a radical
departure from the earlier Mineral Policy:
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Thirteen minerals which were exclusively reserved for exploitation by the Public Sector
were opened to the national and international private sector.
Foreign equity in the non-captive mines was allowed up to 50% and the enhanced equity
holding was allowed to be considered on case to case basis.
The Policy intended to promote small scale mining and mining of the isolated deposits
with due regard to safety, conservation and environmental management.
The Policy emphasized export of value added minerals and recycling of the metallic
scrap and mineral wastes.
The Policy recognized the environmental concern and laid down that mining shall not
be taken up in the identified ecological fragile areas and the areas having rich bio-
diversity. This is in confirmation with the guidelines contained in the National Forest
and Environment Policies.
With the above salient features, some of the environmental objectives of the National
Mineral Policy, 1993 are as follows:
To minimize adverse effects of mineral development/exploitation on forests,
environment and ecology through appropriate protective measures.
To ensure that the mining operations are carried out with due regard to safety and
health of all concerned.
The National Mineral Policy also focuses on promotion of research and developmental
activities on the minerals and establishing appropriate educational and training facilities for
human resource development.
For achieving the above objectives the Policy outlines the following aspects as
strategy, which can also be considered the directives for the development of mining and
mineral industry in the country.
1. The guiding principle in the strategy for the development of any mineral or
mineral deposit at any location shall ordinarily be the economic cost. The State may,
however, undertake the development of any mineral or mineral deposit in public interest to
ensure unhindered availability of the mineral as raw material for the realization of the
national goal.
2. There shall be adequate and effective legal and institutional framework and
commitment to prevent sub-optimum and unscientific mining.
3. Conditions of mining lease regarding tenure, size, disposition with reference to
geological boundaries and other mining conditions shall be such as to favourably predispose
the leased areas to systematic and complete extraction of the minerals.
4. Efforts will be made to promote small-scale mining in a scientific and efficient
manner while safeguarding vital environmental and ecological imperatives.
5. It is necessary to take comprehensive view to facilitate the choice or order of land
uses keeping in view the needs of the development as well as the needs of protecting forests,
environment and ecology. Both aspects have to be properly co-ordinated to facilitate and
ensure sustainable development of the mineral resources in harmony with the environment.
6. Prevention and mitigation of adverse environmental effects of mining and
processing of the minerals and repairing and revegetation of the affected forest areas and
land covered with trees in accordance with the prescribed norms and established forestry
practices shall form integral part of mine development strategy in every instance.
7. Mining operations shall ordinarily not be taken up in identified ecologically fragile
and biologically rich areas. Strip (opencast) mining in forest should as far as possible be
9
avoided and it should be permitted only when accompanied with comprehensive time bound
reclamation program.
8. No mining lease would be granted to any party, private or public, without a proper
mining plan including the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) approved and enforced
by statutory authorities. As far as possible reclamation and afforestation will proceed,
concurrently, with the mineral extraction.
9. Efforts would be made to convert old used mining sites into forests and other
appropriate forms of land use.
10. Whenever mine closure becomes necessary, it would be orderly and systematic
and so planned as to help the workers and dependent community to rehabilitate themselves
without undue hardship.
11. Research and development thrust shall be directed specially in the areas of rock
mechanics, ground control, mine design, engineering, equipment deployment and
maintenance, energy conservation, environmental protection, safety of human operations and
human engineering.
It is evident from the above that the National Mineral Policy 1993 adequately
addresses the issue of environmental protection and management in the mining areas besides
directing attention on the protection of the ecologically fragile and biologically rich areas.
The various guiding principles and objectives of the Policy are reflected in the various
legislation being enforced in the mining complexes not only from the standpoint of mining
but also from the concern of environmental management.
The Policy also addresses the issue of old mines and directs that such sites should be
converted into forest areas and for appropriate forms of land use. In addition the Policy
directs that mine closure should be an integral part of mine plan.
2.5.2 The National Forest Policy
The concern for the conservation and management of the forest
wealth in the country is almost 150 years old and the first effort on
this account was made in the year 1855 with the issuance of the 'Charter
of Indian Forestry' and then the first Forest Policy in 1894. The first Forest Policy of the
independent country was formulated as the National Forest Policy, 1952. The National
Forest Policy, 1988 was formulated and issued on 7th December 1988. This Policy laid
stress on the following.
1. Maintenance of environmental stability through preservation and, if necessary,
restoration of ecological balance that had been adversely affected by serious depletion of the
forests in the country.
2. Conserving the natural heritage of the country by preserving the remaining natural
forests having a vast variety of flora and fauna, which represent the remarkable biological
diversity and genetic resources of the country.
3. Checking soil erosion and denudation in the catchment areas of rivers, lakes,
reservoirs, etc. in the interest of soil and water conservation, for mitigating floods and
draughts, and for the retardation of siltation of the reservoirs.
4. Checking the extension of sand dunes in the desert areas of Rajasthan and along
coastal tracts.
5. Increasing substantially the forest/tree cover in the country through massive
afforestation and social forestry programs, especially on all denuded, degraded and
unproductive land areas (including the mining areas).
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6. Meeting the requirements of fuel wood, fodder, minor forest produce and small
timber of the rural and tribal population.
7. Increasing the productivity of the forests to meet the essential national needs.
8. Encouraging efficient utilization of forest produce and maximizing substitution of
wood.
9. Creating a massive people's movement with the involvement of women for
achieving the above objectives and to minimize pressure on the existing forests.
It is noted from the outlines of the National Forest Policy 1988 that there is now a
greater emphasis on the expansion, conservation and preservation of the forests and ecology.
Since a sizable portion of coal and minerals deposits in the country are in the forest land the
directives of the Policy are applicable to mining also. Although there is no direct mention of
mining in the Policy, there is a need to maintain a balance between mining and the
protection of the forests. The Forest Wing of MoEF debated the issue of mining in forest
areas through a High Level Committee and the first step in this connection suggested was
the preparation of the forest maps overlain by the locations of the mineral land coal deposits.
The Ministry in 2000 issued guidelines for mining in sedimentary deposits.
2.5.3 The National Environmental Policy
Although since long there was a concern for the environmental management in the
country as evident from the various Policies and Legislation the lead was given in the Sixth
Plan when a Chapter on 'Environment and Development' was included in the Plan document.
The Chapter laying emphasis on the problems of environmental degradation provided
guidelines to the administrators for formulating and implementing the development
programs incorporating environmental concerns and laying down the institutional
arrangements for environmental management, administration and protection. The Eighth
Plan on the basis of the overview of the environmental and forest scenario identified the
eight major tasks to meet the challenge of environmental degradation.
To complement the Constitutional sanctions, outlines earlier, MoEF in 1992 brought
out a Policy Statement for Abatement of Pollution and the National Conservation Strategy
and Policy Statement on Environment and Development which provides instruments in the
form of legislation and regulation, fiscal incentives, voluntary agreements, educational
programs and information campaigns for preventing, controlling and reducing environmental
pollution. The overall objective of the Policy was to integrate environmental considerations
into decision making at all levels and to achieve this, the following specific steps were
identified.
1. Prevent pollution at source.
2. Encourage, develop and apply the best available practical solutions.
3. Ensure that polluter pays for the pollution control arrangements.
4. Focus protection on heavily polluted areas and river stretches.
5. Involve public in decision making.
6. Increase the safety of industrial operations.
The salient features for environmental protection and management in mining projects
were as given below.
1. Mining operations will not ordinarily be taken up in ecologically fragile areas.
2. A Mining Plan shall accompany every mining project.
3. The Mining Plan shall include an Environmental Management Plan,
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4. The Mining Plan shall also include a time bound reclamation program for controlling
the environmental damages and for restoration of mined out areas.
The MoEF issued the Environmental Action Program in 1993 with the objective of
integrating the environmental concerns into the process of development. The various issues
addressed were reducing pollution at source, assistance for adaptation of the best available
and practicable technologies, mass based standards, fiscal measures, environmental audit,
environmental statistics, and public participation.
The National Conservation Strategy and Policy Statement on Environment and
Development, 1992 formulated with a view to reinforcing traditional ethos and to building
up a conservation society living in harmony with nature and making efficient use of the
resources guided by the best available scientific and technical knowledge aimed at the
following.
1. Ensuring sustainable and equitable use of the resources for meeting the basic needs
of the present and future generations without causing damage to the environment.
2. Preventing and controlling the future deterioration of the life support systems.
3. Taking steps for restoration of ecologically degraded areas and for environmental
improvement in the rural and urban settlements.
4. Ensuring that the developmental projects are correctly cited with least adverse
environmental consequences.
5. Conserving and protecting the coastal areas and marine eco-systems.
6. Protecting the scenic landscapes, areas of geomorphological significance, unique and
representative bio-mass and eco-systems and wild life habitats, heritage
sites/structures and areas of cultural heritage/importance.
For achieving the above the following actions were envisaged in the Policy.
1. Environmental impact assessment of all the developmental projects right from the
planning stage and integrating it with their cost-benefit considerations.
2. Compulsory prior environmental clearance of all projects above a certain size and for
those proposed to be constructed in ecologically sensitive and fragile areas.
3. Incorporation of environmental safeguards and protection measures in policies,
planning, site selection, choice of technology and implementation of the
developmental projects, i.e., industries, mining and mineral processing, forestry and
human settlements.
4. Encouraging research and developmental activities, adaptation of environmentally
compatible technologies, and to promote application of the modern tools of science
and technology for conservation, bridging of large gaps in supply and demand as well
as controlling and monitoring of the natural resources.
5. Encouraging public participation in environmental improvement programs and
integrating the environmental concerns in planning and implementation of the
developmental programs.
6. Creating environmental consciousness through education and mass awareness
programs.
7. Aiming at the modernization of the process of demand unleashed by the development
process itself by taking measures to recycle waste materials and natural resources,
conserving energy and the use of the natural resources in the industrial products by
measures like wood substitution and generally trying to reach moderation in life style
consistent with the sustainable development and the human dignity.
12
8. Developing appropriate organizational structure and a pool of professional manpower

to serve as the cadre for environmental management services.
9. Efficiently implementing the various environmental laws and regulations for
environmental protection through creation or strengthening of requisite enforcement
machinery.
It is evident that the Policy directives mean effective protection and management of
environment in all the developmental and industrial activities while keeping the goal of
sustainable development in view. Since mining of minerals and fossil fuels is an important
industrial activity essential for the development of the society and invariably mining is
considered to be an environmentally unfriendly activity the directives of the Policy are to be
taken into consideration not only in planning the mining and associated activities but also
during and after the completion of the mining activities.
2.5.4 The National Industrial Policy
The New Industrial Policy, 1991 was formulated to provide an impetus to the pace of
industrialization in the country. This resulted in abolition of all industrial licensing for all
the industries except some specified industrial sectors. The Policy addresses the
environmental concerns along with objectives of sustainable development and states:
“The major objectives of the new industrial policy package will be to build on the
gains already made, correct the distortions or weaknesses that my have crept in, maintain
sustained growth in productivity and gainful employment and attain international
competitiveness. The pursuit of these objectives will be tempered by the need to preserve the
environment and ensure the efficient use of available resources.”
The New Industrial Policy lays stress on the following for the sustained development
and growth of the industry in the country.
1. Substantial reduction in the scope of industrial licensing.
2. Simplification of procedures, rules and regulations.
3. Reforms in the Monopoly and Restrictive Trade Practices Act.
4. Reduction of the areas reserved exclusively for the public sector.
5. Disinvestment of selected public sector enterprises.
6. Enhancing limits of foreign equity participation in domestic industrial undertakings.
7. Liberalization of trade and exchange rate policies.
8. Rationalization and reduction of customs and excise duties.
9. Extension of the scope of modified value added tax (MODVAT).
2.5.5 Draft National Rehabilitation & Resettlement Policy
The Government of India is in the process of developing a rehabilitation and
resettlement policy and for this a draft has been prepared. Majority of
our mineral resources, including coal, and iron ore reserves are
located in remote and backward regions, mostly inhabited by tribal. It
is expected that there will be large-scale requirement for land for
setting up developmental projects in these regions. When a project is
set-up in any area, due to acquisition of land, not only those who hold
land in their possession and have dwelling houses are displaced, but
the displacement extends equally to the co-dependents including
tenants, share croppers, landless labourers, and those carrying on any trade, occupation,
calling or working for any gain within such area. Thus, the extent of displacement covers an
entire system, which is much wider than the loss of land, reflected through the process of
acquisition.
13
The developmental projects raise questions of equity, fairness, justice and equality
before the law in the matter of distribution of benefits and burdens. Today the project
affected people (PAPs) are no longer in a mood to suffer displacement along with its
concomitant attributes like occupational degeneration, social disorientation, pauperization,
loss in dignity and often getting cheated of the compensation amount which serve to make
the experience a trauma. This has given rise to protest movements marked by a growing
militancy. Therefore, to ensure equitable development of all the communities it is necessary
to have an uniform rehabilitation and resettlement policy for the entire nation. It is thus
imperative that a comprehensive national policy, on rehabilitation of persons, displaced as a
consequence of acquisition of land, is evolved.
The policy of rehabilitation should be governed by the principle of "Total
Rehabilitation". The rehabilitation should be synchronized with the project implementation.
Rehabilitation should not only extend to financial compensation or providing means of
livelihood but it should be multidimensional. It should also include social, economic,
educational, environmental, physical, occupational and cultural aspects. The total project
cost must include the cost of rehabilitation.
Resettlement must provide for an improved resource base so that those displaced in
their new place can have access to not only shelter but also food and income generating
systems, communication and social infrastructure, not inferior to that of their original habitat
within a reasonable period of time, say not more than 3 years.
2.6 RELEVANT INSTITUTIONS
Five departments are directly involved in the protection of environment due to

mining and quarrying activity in the state, including the Department of Mines and Geology,
Govt. of Karnataka; Indian Bureau of Mines, Department of Mines, Govt. of India; Ministry
of Environment and Forest, Govt. of India; The Department of Forests, Ecology and
Environment, Govt. of Karnataka; and Karnataka State Pollution Control Board
2.6.1 Department of Mines and Geology, Government of Karnataka
The primary activities of Department of Mines and Geology (DMG) in Mineral
Exploration and Administration are: (a) Survey & investigation and exploratory mining, (b)
Administration of Major Minerals (Granting mining leases and administering mining
activity), (c) Administration of Minor Minerals (Sanction of quarry leases for building
materials and other minerals), (d) collection of royalty and dead rents for both major and
minor minerals, (e) Laboratory investigation of minerals and (f) Publication of Mineral
investigation, maps and library services. The administrative and regulatory functions include
inspection of mining and quarrying operations, control of illegal movement of minerals and
levying of penalty. The governing Act and Rules are: Mines and Minerals (Development
and Regulations) Act -1957 (MMDR-1957) and Mineral Concession Rules -1960 (MCR-
1960) & Karnataka Minor Mineral Concession Rules -1994 (KMMCR-1994).
The application for site clearances for prospecting and exploration of major minerals in areas
above 500 hectares from the Central Government in the Ministry of Environment and
Forests should be routed through Department of Mines and Geology for consideration.
2.6.2 Indian Bureau of Mines, Department of Mines, Government of India
The primary activities of IBM are (a) approval of mine plan with Environment
Management Program (EMP) and review of mine scheme (b) inspection of mines towards
protection of environment and control of pollution while undertaking prospecting, mining
14
and related operations in the area, (c) enforcement of guidelines provided in the mine plan
and EMP and (d) provide consultancy services towards systematic and scientific
development of mines including protection of environment. The governing Acts and rules
are: Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act 1957, Mineral Conservation and
Development Rules 1988 (MCDR-1988), relevant provisions of the Mineral Concession
Rules 1960 (MCR-1960) and Environmental Protection Act 1986.
The Indian Bureau of Mines (IBM) is responsible for enforcement of provisions with
respect to environment protection as per MCDR, 1988. The IBM is provides approvals for
the mine plan with Environment Management Program (EMP) and reviews the mine
scheme. Inspection of the mines towards the protection of the environment and control of
pollution while undertaking prospecting, mining and related operations in the area is also
done by IBM. The environment management program has the following guidelines for
removal and utilization of top soil, storage of over burden waste rock, reclamation and
rehabilitation of land, precaution against ground vibration, control of ground subsidence,
abatement measures against air and water pollution control measures, restoration of flora,
etc.
31 Protection of environment. Every holder of a prospecting license or a mining lease shall
take all possible precautions for the protection of the environment and control of pollution
while conducting prospecting, mining beneficiation or metallurgical operations in the area.
32 Removal and utilization of top soil.
1. Every holder of a prospecting license or a mining lease shall wherever top soil exists
and is to be excavated for the prospecting or mining operations remove it separately.
2. The top soil so removed shall be utilized for restoration or rehabilitation of the land
which no longer required for prospecting or mining operations or for stabilizing or
landscaping the external dumps.
3. Wherever the top soil cannot be utilized concurrently it shall be stored separately for
future use.
33 Storage of overburden, waste, rock, etc.
i. Every holder of a prospecting license or a mining lease shall take steps so that the
overburden waste rock rejects and fines generated during prospecting and mining
operations or tailings. Slimes and fines produced during sizing sorting and
benefactions or metallurgical operations shall be stored in separate dumps.
ii. The dumps shall be properly secured to prevent escape of material there from in
harmful quantities which may cause degradation of environment and to prevent
causation floods.
iii. The site for dumps tailings or slimes shall be selected as far as possible on impervious
ground to ensure minimum leaching effects due to precipitations.
iv. Wherever possible the waste rock overburden etc shall be backfilled into the mine
excavations with a view to restoring the land to its original use as far as possible.
v. Wherever backfilling of waste rock in the area excavated during mining operations is
not feasible, the waste dumps shall be suitably terraced and stabilised through
vegetation or otherwise.
vi. The fines rejects or tailings from mine beneficiations or metallurgical plants shall be
deposited in a specially prepared tailings disposal area such that they are not allowed
to flow away and cause land degradation or damage to agricultural field pollution of
surface water bodies and ground water or cause floods.
15
34 Reclamation and rehabilitation of lands. Every holder of prospecting license or mining

lease shall undertake the phased restoration reclamation and rehabilitation of lands affected
by prospecting or mining operations and shall complete this work before the conclusion of
such operations and abandonment of prospect or mine.
35 Precaution against ground vibrations. Whenever any damage to public buildings or
monuments is apprehended due to their proximity to the mining lease so as to keep the
ground vibrations caused by blasting operations within safe limit.
36 Control of surface subsidence. Stoping in underground mines shall be so carried out as
to keep surface subsidence under control.
37 Precaution against air pollution. Air pollution due to fines dust smoke or gaseous
emissions during prospecting mining beneficiations or metallurgical operations and related
activities shall be controlled and kept within permissible limits specified under various
environmental laws of the country including the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution
Act) 1981 (14 of 1981) and the Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986 (29 of 1986) by the
holder of prospecting license or a mining lease.
38 Discharge of toxic liquid. Every holder of prospecting license or a mining lease shall
take all possible precaution to prevent or reduce the discharge of toxic and objectionable
liquid effluents from mine workshops beneficiations or metallurgical plants tailings ponds
into surface water bodies, ground water aquifer and useable lands to a minimum. These
effluents shall be suitably treated if required to conform to the standards laid down in this
regard.
39 Precaution against noise. Noise arising out of prospecting mining beneficiations or
metallurgical operations shall be abated or controlled by the holder of prospecting licence or
a mining lease at the source so as to keep it within the permissible limit.
40 Permissible limits and standards. The standards and permissible limits of all pollutants
toxins and noise referred in rules 37, 38 and 9 shall be those notified by the concerned
authorities under the provisions of the relevant statutes from time to time.
41 Restoration of flora.
1. Every holder of prospecting licence or a mining lease shall carry out prospecting or
mining operations as the case may be in such a manner so as to cause least damage to
the flora of the area held under prospecting licence or mining lease and the nearby
areas.
2. Every holder of prospecting licence or a mining lease shall
a) take immediate measures for planting in the same area or any other area selected
by the controller General or the authorized officer not less than twice the number
of trees destroyed by reason of any prospecting or mining operations.
b) Look after them during the subsistence of the licence /lease after which these shall
be handed over to the state Forest department or any other authority as may be
nominated by the Controller General or the authorized officer and
c) restore to the extent possible other flora destroyed by prospecting or mining
operations.
2.6.3 Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of India
Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF) is the nodal agency at national level, in
the administrative structure for environmental protection and forest conservation. MoEF is
assisted by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), a statutory authority at the central
level in executing responsibilities of prevention and control of pollution. Implementation of
16
relevant Acts and Rules and policy issues at the State level is overseen by the State Pollution
Control Boards (SPCB) and the State Department of Environment and Forest (DOEF). The
governing Acts and Rules are: Environment Protection Act-1986, Forest Conservation Act-
1980 and rules there under. The MoEF gives Environmental Clearances for mining
activities.
2.6.4 Department of Ecology and Environment, Government of Karnataka
Department of Ecology and Environment (DEE) is the state nodal regulating agency
responsible for environmental management of the state and can exercise promotional and
regulatory functions in mining sector under the Air, Water and Environment Protection and
Forest Conservation Acts. The department also houses the State Environmental Clearance
Committee (SECC) which gives clearances to mining projects (major minerals) with lease
area less than 5 ha and mining projects (minor minerals) above 0.5 ha. The applications
seeking environmental clearances as per the EIA notifications are routed through DEE.
2.6.5 Karnataka State Pollution Control Board
KSPCB has regulatory and enforcement responsibilities with respect to air, water
pollution control and hazardous waste management in mines under the Water (Prevention &
Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, the Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 and
rules there under, the Environment Impact Assessment Notification, 1994 & 1997 and
Hazardous Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 1989 & amendments rules 2000.
KSPCB is responsible for conducting public hearing under Environmental Impact
Assessment (EIA) notification for any developmental or new projects, including the mining
sector.
At present the Karnataka State Pollution Control Board is issuing consent to the
mining industries with only the stipulations for treating domestic wastewaters, as there is no
generation of any trade effluent from any mining activity. However, in case where
purification and beneficiation of the ore is to be taken up at the mining area, prior consent
from the KSPCB should be taken and in such cases consent conditions for the disposal of
trade effluents will be specified by the Board. Under The Air (Prevention and Pollution
Control) Act, at present no compliance provision are indicated in the consent letter.
However the following Acts that are still valid and applicable are discussed here as they are
relevant to the sector. The Standards of Service of Karnataka State Pollution Control Board
are given in Annexure I.
2.6.5.1 Condition prescribed in the Consent to Establish and Operate by the KSPCB
2.6.5.1.1 General
♦ Shall obtain prior approval of the mining plan from the Indian Bureau of Mines.
♦ Shall obtain the valid mining lease from Department of Mines & Geology, Government
of Karnataka.
♦ Shall obtain the forest clearance if the mining activity coming under the forest area
under the Forest Conservation Act, 1980. If the mining area is coming under Revenue
Land, prior permission and Land Conversion from the Revenue Department shall be
obtained prior to the Notification
♦ Shall obtain the Environmental Clearance Certificate as per Environmental Impact
Assessment Notification 1994, Amended 1997, from the Ministry of Environment &
Forests, if the mining area exceed more than 5 Hectares. If it is below 5 Hectares, State
Government clearance shall be obtained.
17
♦ Shall obtain the prior approval from the Board for establishment of ore crushers and
shall take adequate measures viz., cover the crusher and rotary screen completely with
semi-circular sheets and to adopt continuously water sprinkling measures to suppress
the dust.
♦ Shall obtain the prior consent of the Board if intends to carryout purification and
beneficiation of the ore in the mining area and the disposal of effluent is in accordance
with the standards imposed under the provisions of the Water (Prevention and Control
of Pollution) Act. 1974.
♦ Shall obtain the prior approval from the competent authorities for carrying out blasting
activity in the mining area.
2.6.5.1.2 Protection of soil and its conservation measures
♦ Bunds of sufficient height and length shall be constructed to stop the storm water
flowing through the sloppy hills from the mining areas. This will prevent the rush of
storm water carrying the loose soil down below either to the reservoir or to the fields.
♦ Shall construct sufficient check dams. Gully plugs, retaining wall and contour trenches
to control soil erosion from the top of the hills to the valley wherever it is necessary
shall be provided.
♦ Shall construct trenches to prevent the speedy rush of water as well as the disturbance
on the settled earth wherever it is-necessary shall-be provided.
♦ Shall adopt continuous water sprinkling system to suppress the dust particles in the
mining area and also while transporting the Iron Ore through trucks.
♦ Shall carryout the mining activity in accordance with the mining plan approved by the
Indian Bureau of Mines.
♦ Shall carryout the transportation of Iron ore is strictly as per Transit Rules.
♦ Shall dump the overburden/tailings in the designated area as in the approved mining
plan. The dumps shall be properly stabilized for taking afforestation measures.
♦ Shall carryout reclamation of the mines area and shall take intensive afforestation
measures
2.6.5.1.3 Afforestation Measures
♦ Shall take up tree plantation continuously year after year during rainy seasons either
under compensatory afforestation scheme or on their own to preserve the
environment and natures status quo in the mining area
♦ Shall take up intensive afforestation measures after stabilization of the dumps
to prevent soil erosion.
♦ Shall carryout soil and water conservation measures as suggested by the Department of
Ecology & Environment, Government of Karnataka the Karnataka State Pollution
Control Board and the Department of Mines and Geology
♦ Shall protect the environment and natural growth in the area proposed for lease.
♦ The lessees shall have no right to up-root the trees and plants except with expressed
permission from the competent authorities.
2.6.5.1.4 Stormwater Management and Erosion Prevention
♦ The mining authorities shall protect the seasonal nallas is flowing in the mine lease
areas by providing adequate number of check dams and gulley plugs. There shall not be
any disturbances in the follow of seasonal nalla in valleys
18
♦ The mining company should carryout soil and water conservation measures as suggested
by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, the Karnataka State
Pollution Control Board and the Department of Mines and Geology. Also, water
harvesting and groundwater recharge facilities shall be provided in the mining area as
enumerated in the industry letter dated 19th June 2003 and all other control measures
shall be implemented.
♦ The mining authorities shall ensure that the top soil from the mining operation shall
carefully be removed with causing soil erosion and siltation in the area/valleys.
♦ The mining authorities shall dump the over burden in designated area as per the
approval from IBM. The dump shall be periodically stabilised to take up plantation.
Adequate numbers of retaining wall shall be provided to arrest run-off. Continuous
water sprinkling system shall be adopted to suppress dust nuisance.
♦ The mining authorities shall not dump the overburden near the seasonal nalla or valleys.
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3 RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE MINING AUTHORITIES IN CONTEXT WITH

MINING OPERATIONS
3.1 APPROVALS
Approval for setting up Mining Industries include:
1. Should obtain prior approval of the mining plan from the Indian Bureau of Mines
2. Should obtain the valid mining lease from Department of Mines & Geology,
Government of Karnataka
3. Should obtain the forest clearance if the mining activity coming under the forest area
under the Forest Conservation Act, 1980. If the mining area is coming under revenue
land, prior permission and land conversion from the Revenue Department should be
obtained prior to the notification
4. Should obtain the Environmental Clearance Certificate as per Environmental Impact
Assessment Notification, 1994 and its amendments from the Ministry of
Environment and Forests, GoI, if mining area exceeds 5 hectares. The application
seeking environmental clearance (Schedule II of EIA Notification) should be routed
through Department of Forest, Ecology and Environment for consideration after
mandatory public hearing. However, mining projects (major minerals) where the
lease area is less that 25 hectares are exempt from public hearing. Environmental
Clearance should be obtained for mining projects (major minerals) with lease area
less than 5 hectares and mining projects (minor minerals) with lease area above 0.5
hectares from the State Environmental Clearance Committee (SECC).
5. Should obtain Site Clearance for prospecting and exploration of major minerals in
areas above 500 hectares from the Central Government in the Ministry of
Environment and Forests while initiating any investigation and surveys. However,
no prior site clearance is required for projects involving prospecting and exploration
of major minerals in areas above 500 hectares provided it is for test drilling on a
scale not exceeding 5 boreholes / 100 Km2. The application seeking site clearance
should be routed through Department of Mines and Geology for consideration.
Public hearing is not required for obtaining site clearance.
6. Should obtain the prior approval from the State Pollution Control Board for
establishment of ore crushers and shall take adequate preventive measures
7. Should obtain the prior approval from the State Pollution Control Board if it intends
to carryout purification and beneficiation of the ore in the mining area and the
disposal of effluent in accordance with the standards imposed under the Water
(Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
8. Should obtain prior approval from the competent authorities for carrying out blasting
activity in the mining area.
3.2 RESPONSIBILITIES
Should comply with the consent conditions laid down by State Pollution Control
Board
Should maintain relevant log books for daily water consumption, raw material used
and products manufactured, energy use and consumption, hazardous and solid waste
generated, waste water generated, air emissions, etc.
20
Should submit yearly “Environmental Statement” to the concerned State Pollution

Control Board
Should submit yearly “Water Cess Returns” to the concerned State Pollution Control
Board
Should provide for all the conditions laid down by the Indian Bureau of Mines like
maintaining green cover, water sprinkling units, soil conservation measures, etc.
Should provide for waste water treatment facility, air pollution control devices and
noise pollution abatement measures.
Should provide for safe drinking water and proper sanitation amenities for the
workers and also take into considerations the health and safety of the workers
21
4 WATER AND AIR (PREVENTION & CONTROL OF POLLUTION) ACTS

The Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act is an act to provide for
prevention of control of water pollution and maintaining or restoring of wholesomeness of
water while, the Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act provides for the prevention,
control and abatement of air pollution. Under these two acts any new industry prior to
commissioning should obtain consent of the concerned State Pollution Control Board to
establish and to operate.
4.1 CONSENT PROCEDURE
All new establishments like industries, water and wastewater treatment systems, sewage
treatment systems are required to obtain “Consent for Establishment” and subsequently
obtain “Consent for Operation” under the Air and Water Acts. All the consent applications
received will be subject to technical evaluation and conditions imposed to protect the
environment. Application Form I and Form XIII under the Air and Water Act, respectively,
to be filled by the applicant along with the consent fee and relevant documents. Pass Book
system has been introduced for renewal of consents.
Depending upon the industries varying in pollution potential (red, orange, and green) and
capital investment (small scale, medium scale, and large scale) the consent fees varies.
♦ The industries under large scale and medium scale RED category are required to
obtain consent every year.
♦ Medium scale ORANGE and GREEN category industries are required to obtain
consent every year with an option for once in two years by paying two years fee.
♦ Small scale RED ORANGE and GREEN category have to obtain consent every year
with an option of once in three years by paying three year fee.
Tiny industries have to renew consent once in ten years by paying one year consent
fee. See Annexure II for Consent fee, frequency of consent application and the periodicity
of monitoring based on the classification of industries
22
5 WATER (PREVENTION & CONTROL OF POLLUTION)

CESS ACT
The purpose of Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Cess Act is levy and
collect cess on water consumed by 16 categories of industries specified in the schedule I of
the act and also by local bodies with a view to augment the resources of the Central and
State Pollution Control Boards. Water cess is levied based on the water consumed for
domestic and specified industry. Cess is calculated on rate specified in Schedule II of the
Act for different water users. As per section 4 of the act the concerned industries are
required to install standard water meters at such places as may be required by the concerned
authority for measuring and recording the quantity of water consumed by the industry. The
industry consuming water shall furnish the cess returns in the prescribed form on or before
5th of every month to the Member Secretary of the State Pollution Control Board. The
returns filed are assessed by the authority after due verification and amount payable is
intimated to the user, which should be paid by demand draft by the user.
If the industry complies with the regulation by providing effluent treatment plant which
meets the standards prescribed in terms of quantity and quality, it is entitled to a rebate of
25%.
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6 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT NOTIFICATION

Under the Environmental Impact Assessment Notification of 27/1/1994 and
subsequent amendments made on 04/05/1994, 10/04/1997, 27/1/2000, 13/12/2000,
01/08/2001 and 21/11/2001, powers are conferred on the Central Government by sub-section
(1) and clause (v) of sub-section (2) of section 3 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
(29 of 1986) read with clause (d) of sub-rule (3) of rule 5 of the Environment (Protection)
Rules, 1986. Any expansion or modernization of any activity (if pollution load is to exceed
the existing one), or new project listed in Schedule I to this notification, should be accorded
environmental clearance by the Central Government in accordance with the procedure
specified in this notification. All Mining projects *(major minerals)* with leases more than
5 hectares require environmental clearance from the central government
6.1 REQUIREMENTS AND PROCEDURE FOR SEEKING SITE CLEARANCE FOR PROSPECTING
AND EXPLORATION PROJECTS
Submit an application (proforma specified in Schedule-II) to the Secretary, Ministry
of Environment and Forests, New Delhi through the Department of Mines and Geology,
GoK for prospecting and exploration of major minerals in areas above 500 hectares while
initiating any investigation and surveys. However, no prior site clearance is required for
projects involving prospecting and exploration of major minerals in areas above 500 hectares
provided it is for test drilling on a scale not exceeding 5 boreholes /100 Km2. Public hearing
is not required for obtaining site clearance.
6.2 REQUIREMENTS AND PROCEDURE FOR SEEKING ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE OF
PROJECTS
Submit an application (proforma specified in Schedule-II) to the Secretary, Ministry
of Environment and Forests, New Delhi through the Department of Ecology and
Environment, GoK. The application should be accompanied by a project report which
should include an Environmental Impact Assessment Report, an Environment Management
Plan and details of public hearing. Public Hearing is not required in respect of mining
projects (major minerals) with lease area up to 25 hectares. Public hearing guidelines are
specified in Schedule-IV of the EIA Notification.
The project authorities will intimate the location of the project site to the Central
Government in the Ministry of Environment and Forests while initiating any investigation
and surveys. The Central Government in the Ministry of Environment and Forests will
convey a decision regarding suitability or otherwise of the proposed site within a maximum
period of thirty days. The said site clearance shall be granted for a sanctioned capacity and
shall be valid for a period of five years for commencing the construction, operation or
mining.
The reports submitted with the application shall be evaluated and assessed by the
Impact Assessment Agency (IAA). If deemed necessary, the IAA shall consult a committee
of Experts, having a composition as specified in Schedule-III of this Notification. The said
Committee of Experts shall have full right of entry and inspection of the site or, as the case
may be, factory premises at any time prior to, during or after the commencement of the
operations relating to the project. The Impact Assessment Agency shall prepare a set of
recommendations based on technical assessment of documents and data, furnished by the
project authorities, supplemented by data collected during visits to sites or factories if
undertaken, and details of public hearing. The assessment shall be completed within a
period of ninety days from receipt of the requisite documents and data from the project
24
authorities and completion of public hearing and decision conveyed within thirty days
thereafter. The clearance granted shall be valid for a period of five years for commencement
of the construction or operation of the project. No construction work, preliminary or
otherwise, relating to the setting up of the project may be undertaken till the environmental
and site clearance is obtained. In order to enable the Impact Assessment Agency to monitor
effectively the implementation of the recommendations and conditions subject to which the
environmental clearance has been given, the project authorities concerned shall submit a half
yearly report to the Impact Assessment Agency. Subject to the public interest, the Impact
Assessment Agency shall make compliance reports publicly available. If no comments from
the Impact Assessment Agency are received within the time limit, the project would be
deemed to have been approved as proposed by project authorities.
For Mining projects (major minerals) with leases more than 5 hectares, nothing
contained in this Notification shall apply to, if it is to be located or proposed to be located in
the areas covered by the Notifications S.O. No.102 (E) dated 1st February, 1989, S.O. 114
(E) dated 20th February, 1991; *S.O. No. 416 (E) dated 20th June, 1991* and S.O. No.319
(E) dated 7th May, 1992.
Concealing factual data or submission of false, misleading data/reports, decisions or
recommendations would lead to the project being rejected. Approval, if granted earlier on
the basis of false data, would also be revoked. Misleading and wrong information will cover
the following: ·false information, false data, engineered reports, concealing of factual data,
false recommendations or decisions.
25
Obtaining Environmental Clearance
Investor Scoping by investor
Submits Project questionnaire to

concerned SPCB Submission of the project to the Min. of Env. &. Forests
along with all documents listed at Part I of the handbook
Review by SPCB
Initial scrutiny by staff of
Min. of Env.&.Forests Is the project
Is the Environmental site acceptable
Management Plan satisfactory Yes
No
Review by
Environmental Appraisal EAC Members
Committee of the Min. of undertake site
No Env. &. Forests visits
Can Issues be resolved Reject
Is site
Is the information
Apply also acceptable
provided adequate
Yes to CCF in No
case of Yes
forest land is Investors advised
SPCB issues to look for
NOC involved. Is there a
public outcry alternate site
against the
project Prepare comprehensive
Does the Project
fall under schedule- EIA or any specific
No study suggested by the
I of EIA Yes
notification committee
Yes
Apply to Union
Apply to state Min. of Env. & Public hearing
DOEn for Forests in arranged
Environmental prescribed
Clearance questionnaire
No
No Is the project
Can Issues be
resolved? acceptable
Yes Recommended
by EAC
Reject
Environmental Clearance issued

by Min. of Env. &. Forests along
with Stipulations
26
7 ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT PROCEDURES
Environmental Management in industries hitherto based on and off pipe waste

treatment, is now based on the emerging philosophy of waste prevention and reduction. In
order to prevent or reduce waste generation, one needs to examine the production processes,
to identify the origins of wastes, the operational problems associated with the process and
the areas requiring improvement. As per the notification issued by the Ministry of
Environment & Forest, Government of India on 13th March, 1992 (amended vide notification
no. GSR 386 (E) dtd. 22.04.1993) under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, all those
carrying on an industry, operation or process requiring consent to operate under section 25
of the Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and / or under section 21 of the
Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 and/ or authorization issued under the
Hazardous Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 1989 and the Environment (Protection)
Act, 1986 are required to submit the environmental statement for every financial year ending
31st March in the prescribed form [Form V] to the concerned State Pollution Control Boards
on or before 30th day of September every year beginning 1993. Non-compliance with this
mandatory requirement amounts to violation of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
7.1 CONTENTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT
A statement prepared by the industry shall include the following;
i. A description of the company’s activities at site considered
ii. An assessment of all the significant environmental issues relevant to there activities
iii. A summary of the figures on energy consumption, water consumption, raw materials
consumption, pollutant emissions, waste generation and other significant
environmental aspects.
iv. The industry’s environmental policy objectives and targets
v. Details of the programme to be followed and the environmental management system.
Environmental Statement helps industry to take a comprehensive role at their
industrial operations and facilities, understanding of material flows and focus on areas where
waste reduction and consequently saving input costs, if possible. Environmental Statement
is to be prepared by every industry by filling up one “Environmental Statement Form V
(enclosed vide Annexure) supplied by Pollution Control Board.
For the preparation of Environmental Statement, log book need to be maintained by the
mining authorities in their premises which would make the statement summarising easier.
The log book list is provide below
1. Water log book
2. Raw Material log book
3. Energy log book
4. Pollutant log book
5. Hazardous log book
The day to day summary from the log book can be summarised on monthly basis. A sample
log book is provided in Annexure ……….
27
8 ENVIRONMENTAL AUDITING
Environmental Audit has become a step to comply with the requirement to furnish
the Environmental Statement, though the importance of Environmental audit lies in
achieving increased productivity and reduced waste generation. ‘Auditing’ in general is a
methodical examination involving analysis, tests and confirmation of local procedures and
practices whose goal is verify whether they comply with legal requirements, internal polices
and accepted practices. Auditing differs from assessment in that it requires collection and
documentation of competent and sufficient evidence rather than an opinion based primarily
on professional judgement.
“Environmental Audit” is a technique being introduced for integrating the interest of
the industry and the environment so that there could be mutually supportive. This technique
is basically a part of industry’s internal procedures to meet their responsibilities towards
better environment. Environment Auditing is a management tool comprising a systematic
documented periodic and objective evaluation of how well the management systems are
performing with the aim of:
• Waste preventive and reduction
• Assessing compliance with regulatory requirements
• Facilitating control of environmental practices by a company’s management, and
• Placing environmental information in the public domain.
Environmental Audit in India is different from that in developed countries and the
definition of International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) is accepted. ICC defines
Environmental Audit is “It is a management tool comprising a systematic, documented,
periodic and objective evaluation of how well environmental organization, management and
equipment are performing with the aim of helping to safe guard the environment by:
♦ Facilitating management control of environmental practices.
♦ Assessing compliance with company policies, which would include meeting,
regulatory requirement.
♦ ‘Environmental Statement’ which is a part of the Environmental Audit.
“Environment Policy” means a statement of a company’s overall aims and principles
of action with respect to the environment.
8.1 FEATURES OF A GOOD ENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT
A good Environmental Audit
♦ defines sources, quantities & types of waste generation
♦ Collates information on unit operations, raw materials, products, water usage and
wastes and increases knowledge of the process.
♦ Highlights process and poor management
♦ Helps to set targets for waste reduction
♦ Permits the development of effective waste management strategies.
♦ Rises awareness in the workforce regarding the benefits of waste reduction
♦ Helps to improve process efficiency
♦ Enables legislative compliance & avoids litigation.
8.2 AUDIT PROCEDURE
28
A step-by-step methodology for Environmental Audit as recommended by the United

Nations Environment Programme and the United Nations Industrial Development
Organisation (UNIDO) is illustrated in figure 1.
Phase 1: Pre-Assessment AUDIT PREPARATION

Step 1 Prepare and organise audit team and resources.
Step 2 Divide Process into unit operation
Step 3 Construct process flow diagram linking unit
operation
Phase 2: Material Balance

PROCESS INPUTS PROCESS OUTPUTS
Step 4 Determine inputs Step 7 quantify products / by-products
Step 5 Record water usage Step 8 Account for waste water
Step 6 Measure current levels of Step 9 Account for gaseous emissions
waste reuse/recycling
Step 10 Account for offsite wastes
DESERVE A MATERIAL BALANCE

Step 11 Assemble input and output Information
Step 12 Derive a preliminary material balance
Step 13 and 14 evaluate and refine material balance
IDENTIFY WASTE REDUCTION OPTIONS

Step 15 Identify obvious waste reduction measures
Step 16 target and characterize problem wastes
Step 17 Investigate the possibility of waste segregation
Step 18 Identify the long term waste reduction measures
EVALUATE WASTE REDUCTION OPTIONS

Step 19 Undertake environmental and economic
evaluations of waste reduction options, list viable options
Phase 3: Synthesis
WASTE REDUCTION ACTION PLAN
Step 20 Design and implement a waste reduction
action plan to achieve improved process efficiency
Quick Reference Audit Guide
29
9 ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE
VERIFICATION EXERCISE
The mining authority is required to seek Environmental Clearance from the Ministry of
Environment and Forest, GoI, for a new or proposed expansion / modernisation and submit
Environmental Impact Assessment report while applying for Environmental Clearance. The
authorities are also required to submit yearly ‘Water Cess Returns’ and ‘Environmental
Statement’ to the concerned State Pollution Control Boards. As of now, though the
‘Environmental Impact Assessment report’ is submitted through the State Pollution Control
Board, there is no provision to link the EIA report with the ‘Environmental Statement’
which is submitted yearly. However, this is an important step which would not only give the
yearly compliance but also the status of the environment over a period of time.
In this chapter we are suggesting the following activities that would provide a rigorous
analysis of environmental statement submitted by the mining authorities and develop an
effective institutional arrangement for implementing Environmental Audit in the state.
1. Verification of Environmental Audit by the Mining Authorities
2. Verification of Environmental Audit by the Regulatory Authorities
3. Verification of Environmental Audit by the Third Party
For the verification process the following steps are suggested:
Step 1: Verification of maintenance of Log Books
Step 2: Verification of maintenance of Yearly Resource Auditing Books
Step 3: Verification of compliance of Mining Plan and Consent Aspects
Step 4: Verification of Environmental Aspects
Step 5: Verification of Environmental Statement in line with the data provided with the data
submitted with Environmental Impact Assessment report.
30
Appendix I: Continued . . .
Appendix I: Standards of Service of Karnataka State Pollution Control Board
The Karnataka State Pollution Control Board deals with Government, individuals, community groups, NGOs, local bodies, industries and
businesses. The Board has set its standards for various services
SR. IMPLEMENTING OBJECTIVE OF ACTS OR KSPCB’S

NAME OF ACT OR RULES KSPCB’S STANDARDS
NO AGENCIES RULES SERVICE
A written response within 7
working days of receiving letter
or e-mail including the
Responding to information sought will be sent.
1 General request for In cases which need more time to
Information respond correspondence will be
dispatched immediately followed
by the information within 2
calendar months
An immediate response where
Responding to possible. A written response
complaints within 15 working days of receipt
of complaint
Provides for the control and Decisions will be made within 21
abatement of air pollution. Responding to an days of receiving a filled-in
Air (Prevention and Control Board issues consent to application application and supporting
1 KSPCB, CPCB
of Pollution) Act, 1981 industry which emit air submitted by the information. (Form No I ). In
pollutants with emission stakeholder case of refusal of consent the
limits reasons will be intimated
Establishes an institutional
Decisions will be made within 21
structure for preventing and
Responding to an days of receiving a filled-in
Water (Prevention and abating water pollution.
application application and supporting
2 Control of Pollution) Act, KSPCB, CPCB Board issues consent to
submitted by the information. (Form No XIII ). In
1974 and Rules industry and local bodies
stakeholoder case of refusal of consent the
which discharge effluent
reasons will be intimated
with effluent limits
Provides for the levy and Scrutinising the
Water (Prevention and
collection of cess on water returns submitted
3 Control of Pollution) Cess KSPCB, CPCB Decision
consuming industries and and to issue
Act, 1977 and Rules
local bodies. Collection of assessment order
31
Appendix I: Continued . . .
SR. IMPLEMENTING OBJECTIVE OF ACTS OR KSPCB’S
NAME OF ACT OR RULES KSPCB’S STANDARDS
NO AGENCIES RULES SERVICE
cess enhances the funds of to enable
the Board for effective stakeholders to
implementation of file cess returns
environmental legislation
The Noise Pollution
9 (Regulation and Control KSPCB, CPCB
Rules), 2000
Environmental Protection
10 KSPCB, CPCB
Act, 1986
32
Appendix II: Continued . . .
Appendix II: Consent Fee to be paid by the Industries based on the capital investment, frequency of consent application and the periodicity of monitoring
based on the classification of industries
Sr. Classificationi Category Capital Investment by Consent Fee Consent Applicationiv Periodicity of
No. Industries in Rupeesii in Rupeesiii Monitoring
1 Redv Large > 1000 Crores 2,00,000 Every Year Once in a month
>500 < 1000 Crores 1,50,000
>250 < 500 Crores 1,00,000
>50 < 250 Crores 75,000
>25 < 50 Crores 50,000
>10 < 25 Crores 30,000
>5 < 10 Crores 20,000
Medium >1 < 5 Crores 15,000 Every Year Once in two months
Small >50 lakhs < 1 Crore 6,000 Every Year (option of Once in 3-4 months
>25 lakhs < 50 lakhs < 3,000 once in 3 years by
>10 lakhs < 25 lakhs 2,000 paying 3 years fee)
>5 lakhs < 10 lakhs 1,500
>1 lakh < 5 lakhs 500
< 1 lakh 200
2 Orangevi Large > 1000 Crores 1,75,000 Every Year Once in two months
>500 < 1000 Crores 1,25,000
>250 < 500 Crores 90,000
>50 < 250 Crores 60,000
>25 < 50 Crores 40,000
>10 < 25 Crores 25,000
>5 < 10 Crores 17,500
Medium >1 < 5 Crores 12,500 Every Year (option of once in 2 Once in 3 months
years by paying 2 years fee)
Small >50 lakhs < 1 Crore 5,000 Every Year (option of Once in 4-6
>25 lakhs < 50 lakhs < 2,500 once in 3 years by months
33
Appendix II: Continued . . .
i iv
Sr. Classification Category Capital Investment by Consent Fee Consent Application Periodicity of
No. Industries in Rupeesii in Rupeesiii Monitoring
< 1 lakh 150
3 Greenvii Large > 1000 Crores 1,50,000 Every Year Once in 3 months
>500 < 1000 Crores 1,00,000
>250 < 500 Crores 75,000
>50 < 250 Crores 50,000
>25 < 50 Crores 30,000
>10 < 25 Crores 20,000
>5 < 10 Crores 15,000
Medium >1 < 5 Crores 10,000 Every Year (option of once in 2 Once in 6 months
years by paying 2 years fee)
Small >50 lakhs < 1 Crore 4,000 Every Year (option of Once in 12 months
>25 lakhs < 50 lakhs < 2,000 once in 3 years by
< 1 lakh 100
i
Categories of industries is as per GOI, MoEF, Official Memorandum No J20011 / 15/ IA/ dated 27th Sept 1988 read with amendment issued time to time
ii
Capital investment on land, building, staff quarters, plant and machinery including all movable and immovable assets as detailed in the project report for new industry or
audited report for existing industry or twenty times the annual lease value in case where land and/or buildings are taken on lease
iii
Notification No FEE 115 ENV 95 (P) dated 19th February 1998, published in Karnataka Gazette dated 2nd April 1998. Fees shall be paid by Bank Draft in favour of
KSPCB, Bangalore encashable at Bangalore. Fees are the same for ‘Consent for Establishment’ and Consent for Operation
iv
Form I and Form XIII under the Air Act (1981) and Water Act (1974), respectively. Tiny industries have to renew consent once in ten year by paying one year consent fee.
v
Consent for establishment and operation to be obtained from Head Office for large and medium category. However Consent for operation can be obtained either from
Divisional or Regional Office for investments < Rs. 1.00 Crores.
vi
Consent for establishment and operation to be obtained from Head Office. However Consent for operation can be obtained either from Divisional (investment Rs. 1.00 to
20.00 Crores) or Regional Office (investment < Rs. 1.00 Crores)
vii
Consent for establishment and operation to be obtained from Head Office (investment > 20.00 Crores), Divisional (investment Rs. 1.00 to 20.00 Crores) or Regional Office
(investment < Rs. 1.00 Crores)
34
Appendix III:
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT NOTIFICATION, 1994

SCHEDULE-II: APPLICATION FORM
1. (a) Name and Address of the project (a)Water balance at site:

proposed: (b)Lean season water availability;
(b) Location of the project: Water Requirement:
Name of the Place: (c)Source to be tapped with
District, Tehsil: competing users (River, Lake, Ground,
Latitude/Longitude: Public supply):
Nearest Airport/Railway (d)Water quality:
Station: (e)Changes observed in quality and
(c) Alternate sites examined and the quantity of groundwater in the last years
reasons for selecting the proposed site: and present charging and extraction
(d) Does the site conform to details:
stipulated land use as per local land use (f) (i) Quantum of waste water to be
plan? released with treatment details:
2. Objectives of the project: (ii)Quantum of quality of water
3. (a) Land Requirement: in the receiving body before and after
Agriculture Land: disposal of solid wastes:
Forest land and Density of (iii)Quantum of waste water to
vegetation. be released on land and type of land:
Other (specify): (g) (i) Details of reservoir water
(b) (i) Land use in the Catchment quality with necessary Catchment
within 10 km radius of the proposed site: Treatment Plan:
(ii)Topography of the area (ii) Command Area
indicating gradient, aspects and altitude: Development Plan:
(iii) Erodibility classification of 6. Solid wastes:
the proposed land: (a)Nature and quantity of solid wastes
(c) Pollution sources existing in 10 generated
km radius and their impact on quality of (b)Solid waste disposal method:
air, water and land: 7. Noise and Vibrations:
(d) Distance of the nearest National (a)Sources of Noise and Vibrations:
Park /Sanctuary/ Biosphere Reserve/ (b)Ambient noise level:
Monuments/ heritage site/ Reserve (c)Noise and Vibration control measures
Forest: proposed:
(e) Rehabilitation plan for (d)Subsidence problem, if any, with
quarries/borrow areas: control measures:
(f) Green belt plan: 8. Power requirement indicating source
(g) Compensatory afforestation plan: of supply: Complete environmental
4. Climate and Air Quality: details to be furnished separately, if
(a)Windrose at site: captive power unit proposed:
(b)Max/Min/Mean annual temperature: 9. Peak labour force to be deployed
(c)Frequency of inversion: giving details of:
(d)Frequency of cyclones/ tornadoes/ -Endemic health problems in the area
cloud burst: due to waste water/air/soil borne
(e)Ambient air quality data: diseases:
(f)Nature & concentration of emission of -Health care system existing and
SPM, Gas (CO, CO2, NOx, CHn etc.) proposed:
from the project: 10. (a) Number of villages and
5. Water balance: population to be displaced:
35
Appendix III: Continued . . .
(c)Rehabilitation Master Plan: 12. (a) Environmental Impact

11. Risk Assessment Report and Assessment
Disaster Management Plan: (b)Environment Management Plan:
Report prepared as per guidelines issued (c)Detailed Feasibility Report:
by the Central Government in the (d)Duly filled in questionnaire
MOEF from time to time: 13. Details of Environmental
Management Cell:
I hereby give an undertaking that the data and information given above are due to the
best of my knowledge and belief and I am aware that if any part of the
data/information submitted is found to be false or misleading at any stage, the project
be rejected and the clearance given, if any, to the project is likely to be revoked at our
risk and cost.
Signature of the applicant
With name and full address Given
under the seal of
Date: Organisation on behalf
Place: Whom the applicant is
signing.
36
Appendix IV:
GENERAL STANDARDS FOR DISCHARGE OF EFFLUENTS

(Extracts From Environment Protection Rules, 1986)
STANDARDS
SL . INLAND MARINE
PARAMETER PUBLIC LAND FOR METHOD
NO SURFACE COASTAL
SEWERS IRRIGATION
WATER AREAS
I Colour and Odour See Note I See Note I See Note I No.2120 Visual comparison Method
--- Spectrophotometeric Method
No. 2150 Threshold odour test
2 Suspended Solids mg/l, 100 600 200 (a) For process No. 2130 Nephlometric Method
Max. wastewater 100
(b) For cooling
water effluent,
10% above total
suspended matter
of influent
3 Particular size of Shall pass 850 (a) Floatable
Suspended Solids micron IS solids max. 3
Sieve mm
(b) Settleable
solids, max 850
microns
4 pH value 5.5 to 9.0 5.5 to 9.0 5.5 to 9.0 5.5 to 9.0 No. 4500- H+
Electrometric Method
5 Temperature Shall not Shall not exceed No. 2550 Laboratory and field methods
exceed 50C 50C above the
above the receiving water
--- ---
receiving temperature
water
temperature
6 Oil and Grease mg/l, Max 10 20 10 20 No.5520 Partition Gravimetric method
Extraction method for sludge samples
7 Total Residual Chlorine 1.0 - - 1.0 No. 4500-Cl Iodometric method- Amperotric titration
mg/l, Max. method
37
Appendix IV: Continued . . .
STANDARDS
SL . INLAND MARINE
NO SURFACE COASTAL
SEWERS IRRIGATION
WATER AREAS
8 Ammonical Nitrogen (as 50 50 - 50 No4500- NH3 Primary distillation steps Titrimetric
N), mg/l, Max. method Phenate method
9 Total Kjeldhal Nitrogen 100 - - 100 No. 4500 N-org Macro kjeldhal Method
(as NH3), mg/l, Max. Semimicro Kjeldhal Method
10 Free Ammonia (as NH3), 5.0 - - 5.0
mg/l), Max.
Chemical Oxygen No. 5220 Titrimetric method, Colorimetric method
12 250 - - 250
Demand, mg/l, Max.
Arsenic (as As), mg/l, No. 3500- As Atomic absorption spectrometric method
13 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Max.
Mercury (as Hg), mg/l, No. 3500- Hg, Cold Vapour Atomic absorption Method,
14 0.01 0.01 - 0.01 .
Max. Dithizone Method
15 Lead (as Pb), mg/l, Max. 0.1 1.0 - 2.0 No. 3550-Pb AAS Method, Dithizone Method
Cadmium (as Cd), mg/l, No. 3550-Pb AAS Method, Dithizone Method
16 2.0 1.0 - 2.0
Max.
Hexavalent Chromium (as
17 0.1 2.0 - 1.0
Cr+6), mg/l, Max.
Total Chromium (as Cr), No. 3550-Cr, AAS Method, Colorimetric method, Ion
18 2.0 2.0 - 2.0
mg/l, Max. Chromatographic method
Copper (as Cu), mg/l, No. 3550-Cu, AAS Method, Neo cuproine Method
19 3.0 3.0 - 3.0
Max.
No. 3550-Zn, AAS Method, Inductively coupled plasma
20 Zinc (as Zn), mg/l, Max. 5.0 15 - 15
method, Dithizone Method, Zincon method
Selenium (as Se), mg/l, No. 3500- Se, Colorimetric method, Fluorometric method
21 0.05 0.05 - 0.05
Max.
No. 3550-Zn, AAS Method,
22 Nickel (as Ni), mg/l, Max. 3.0 3.0 - 5.0
Inductively coupled plasma method
Cyanide (as CN), mg/l, No. 4500, Titrimetric method, Cyanide- Selective
23 0.2 2.0 0.2 0.2
Max. Electrode Method, Colorimetric method
Fluoride (as F), mg/l, 4500- F-, Ion- selective electrode method
24 2.0 15 - 15
Max. Ion Chromatographic method
38
STANDARDS
SL . INLAND MARINE
NO SURFACE COASTAL
SEWERS IRRIGATION
WATER AREAS
No. 4500- P Vandomolybdo phosphori acid
Dissolved Phosphates (as Colorimetric method
25 5.0 - - -
P), mg/l, Max. . Stannous chloride method
Ascorbic acid method
Sulphide (as S), mg/l, No. 4500- S2 Methylene blue method
26 2.0 - - 5.0
Max. Iodometric method, Ion selective electrode method
No. 6420 Liquid –Liquid extraction gas Chromatographic
Phenolic Compounds (as
27 1.0 5.0 - 5.0 method
C6H5OH), mg/l, Max.
Mass Spectrometric method
Radioactive materials: No. 7110 Evaporation method for grass alpha, beta
(a) Alpha emitter Micro 10-7 10-7 10-8 10-7
28 curie/ml
(b) Beta emitter Micro
10-6 10-6 10-7 10-6
curie/ml
90% survival
90% survival 90% survival 90% survival of
of fish after
of fish after 96 of fish after 96 fish after 96
29 Bio-assay test 96 hours in
hours in 100% hours in 100% hours in 100%
100%
effluent effluent effluent
effluent
No. 3500- Mn AAS Method
30 Manganese (as Mn) 2 mg/l 2 mg/l - 2 mg/l Inductively coupled plasma method
Persulphate Method
No. 3550-Fe AAS Method
31 Iron (as Fe) 3 mg/l 3 mg/l - 3 mg/l Inductively coupled plasma method
Phenanthroline method
No. 3550-V AAS Method
32 Vanadium (as V) 0.2 mg/l 0.2 mg/l - 0.2 mg/l Inductively coupled plasma method
Gallic acid method
4500- NO2- Ion Chromatographic method
33 Nitrate Nitrogen 10 mg/l - - 20 mg/l
Colorimetric Method
34 Dissolved Solids 2100 2100 2100 -
39
STANDARDS
SL . INLAND MARINE
NO SURFACE COASTAL
SEWERS IRRIGATION
WATER AREAS
(Inorganic), mg/l, Max.
Sulphate (as SO.), mg/l, 4500- NO2- Ion Chromatographic method Gravimetric
35 1000 1000 1000 -
Max. method with ignition of residues Turbidimetric method
NOTE:
1. All efforts should be made to remove colour and unpleasant odour as far as practicable.
2. Parameters at Sl.No.34 & 35 are retained by the State Board, exercising Rule 3(2) of Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986.
3. Hydraulic loading of effluent for application on land for different soils are as under:
Sl.No. Soil Texture Loading Rate in

m3/Ha/Day
1 Sandy 225 to 280
2 Sandy Loam 170 to 225
3 Loam 110 to 170.
4 Clay loam 055 to 110
5 Clayey 035 to 055
40
Appendix IV:
ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT
(TO BE SUBMITTED AS PER ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION ACT, 1986)
FORM V
Environmental Statement for the financial year ending the 31st March ………………..
PART A
(i) Name and address of the owner/ occupier of the industry, operation or
process.
(ii) Industry category primary.- (STC Code) Secondary.- (SIC Code)
(iii) Production Capacity.- Units.-
(iv) Year of establishment
(v) Date of the last environmental statement submitted
PART B
WATER AND RAW MATERIAL CONSUMPTION:
(i) Water consumption m3/d
Process
Cooling
Domestic
Name of products Process water consumption per unit of
product output
During the previous During the current
financial year financial year
(1) (2)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(ii) Raw material consumption
Name of raw Name of products Consumption of raw material per unit of

materials output
during the previous during the current
* Industry may use codes if disclosing details of raw material would violate
contractual obligations, otherwise all industries have to name the raw
materials used.
PART C
POLLUTION DISCHARGED TO ENVIRONMENT/ UNIT OF OUTPUT
(Parameter as specified in the consent issued)
Pollutants Quantity of Concentrations of Percentage of
pollutants pollutants in variation from
discharged discharges (mass/ prescribed
(mass/day) volume) standards with
reasons
41
Appendix V: Continued . . .
(a) Water
(b) Air
PART D
HAZARDOUS WASTES
(as specified under the Hazardous Wastes/ Management and Handling Rules, 1989)
Hazardous wastes Total quantity (kg.)
(a) From process
(b) From Pollution control facilities
PART E
SOLID WASTES
Total quantity
(a) From process
(b) From pollution control facilities
(c) (1) Quantity recycled or
reutilized within the units
(2) Solid
(3) Disposed
PART F
Please specify the characterizations (in terms of composition and quantum) of
hazardous as well as solid wastes and indicate disposal practice adopted for both these
categories of wastes.
PART G
Impact of the pollution abatement measures taken on conservation of natural

resources and on the cost of production.
PART H
Additional measures/ investment proposal for environmental protection

including abatement of pollution, prevention of pollution.
PART I
Any other particulars for improving the quality of the environment.
42
ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION RULES, 1986
(Rule 3 (2))
Rule 3 of the Environment Protection Rules, 1986 provides for the Standard for
emission or discharge of environmental pollutants. The standards are specified in
Schedules I to IV for various emissions or discharges of environmental pollutants
from the industries, operations or processes. Those pertaining to the mining industry
have been complied below
Schedule I: Sl No 11
Sl.No. Industry Parameter Standards

11 Stone-crushing Suspended The suspended particulate matter measured
unit particulate between 3 metres and 10 metres from any
matter process equipment of a stone-crushing unit
shall not exceed 600 micro-grammes per cubic
metre.
Environmental Standards for Coal Washeries
1. Fugitive emission standards
The difference in the value of suspended particulate matter, delta (A),
measured between 25 and 30 metres from the enclosure of coal crushing plant
in the downward and leeward wind direction shall not exceed 150 microgram
per cubic metre. Method of measurement shall be High Volume sampling and
Average flow rate, not less than 1.1 m3 per minute, using upwind downwind
method of measurement.
2. Effluent discharge standards:
The coal washeries shall maintain the close circuit operation with zero effluent
discharge.
If in case due to some genuine problems like periodical cleaning of the system,
heavy rainfall, etc., it becomes necessary to discharge the effluent to
sewer/land/stream then the effluent shall conform to the following standards at
the final outlet of the coal washery:
Sl.No. Parameter Limits

1 pH 5.5-9.0
2 Total suspended solids 100 mg/l
3 Oil and Grease 10 mg/l
4 BOD (3 days at 27OC) 30 mg/l
5 COD 250 mg/l
6 Phenolics 1.0 mg/l
3. Noise level standards:

-Operational/working zone-not to exceed 85 dB (A) Leq for 8 hours exposure
-The ambient air quality standards in respect of noise as notified under the
Environmental (protection) Rules, 1986, shall be followed at the boundary line
of the coal washery.
43
4. Code of practice for Coal Washery.
-Water or water mixed chemical shall be sprayed at all strategic coal transfer
points such as conveyors, loading/ unloading points, etc. As far as practically
possible conveyors, transfer points, etc., shall be provided with enclosures.
-The crushers/pulverisers of the coal washeries shall be provided with
enclosures, fitted with suitable air pollution control measures and finally
emitted through a stack of minimum height of 30 m, conforming particulate
matter emission standard of 150 mg/Nm' or provided with adequate water
sprinkling arrangement.
-Water sprinkling by using fine atomizer nozzles arrangement shall be
provided on the coal heaps arid on around the crushers/pulverisers.
-Area, in and around the coal washery shall be pucca either asphalted or
concreted.
-Water consumption in the coal washery shall not exceed 1.5 cubic meters per
tonne of coal.
-The efficiency of the settling ponds of the wastewater treatment system of
the coal washery shall not be less than 90 per cent.
-Storage bunkers, hoppers, rubber decks in chutes and centrifugal chutes shall
be provided with proper rubber linings.
-Green belt shall be developed along the roadside, coal handling plants,
residential complex, office building and all around the boundary line of the
coal washery.
-Vehicle movement in the coal washery area shall be regulated effectively to
avoid traffic congestion. High pressure horn shall be prohibited. Smokes
emission from heavy duty vehicle operating in the coal washeries should
conform the standards prescribed under the Motor Vehicle Rules, 1989.
Standards for coal mines
1. Air Quality Standards
The Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM), Respirable Particulate Matter (RPM),
Sulphur dioxide (SO2) and Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX) concentration in downwind
direction considering predominant wind direction, at a distance of 500 metres from
the following dust generating source shall not exceed the standards specified in the
Tables I, II and III. In case any residential or commercial or industrial place falls
within 500 metres of any dust generating sources, the National Ambient Air Quality
Standards notified under Schedule VII shall be applicable.
Dust Generating Sources
Loading or unloading, Haul road, coal transportation road, Coal handling plant (CHP),
Railway sliding, Blasting, Drilling, Overburden dumps, or any other dust generating
external sources like coke ovens (hard as well as soft), briquette industry, nearby road,
etc.
2. Frequency of Sampling
-Air quality monitoring at a frequency of once in a fortnight at the dust
generating sources given in clause 1 shall be carried out.
44
-As a result monthly monitoring, if it is found that the value of the pollutant is
less than 50% of the specified standards for three consecutive months, then the
sampling frequency may be shifted to two days in a quarter year (3 months).
-In case, the value has exceeded the specified standards, the air quality
sampling shall be done twice a week. If the results of four consecutive weeks
indicate that the concentration of pollutants is within the specified standards,
then fortnight monitoring may be reverted to.
3. Effluent standards
The standards for effluent discharge into sewer or stream or land, are given below:
pH 5.5 to 9.0
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 250 mg/l
Total Suspended Solids (TSS) 100 mg/l
200 mg/l (Land for irrigation)
Oil & Grease (0 & G) 10 mg/l
(Monitoring frequency of these parameters shall be once in a fortnight)
Optional parameters: All other parameters indicated in the
general standards for discharge of
environment pollutants under Schedule
VI, shall be in addition to the effluent
standards specified under clause 3.
(Monitoring frequency shall be once in a
year for the optional parameters)
4. Noise Level Standards
Noise Level 6.00 AM - 10.00 PM 10.00 PM - 6.00 AM

Leq 75 dB (A) Leq 70 dB (A)
(Monitoring frequency for noise level shall be once in fortnight)
Occupational exposure limit of noise specified by Director General of Mines
Safety (DGMS) shall be complied with by the coal mines.
Noise Limit for Generator Sets run with Petrol or Kerosene
1. Noise limit
Noise limit for new generator sets run with petrol or kerosene shall be as given
below:
Noise Limit from

September 1, 2001 September 1, 2002
Sound Power 90 dBA 86 dBA
Level Lwa
2. Applicability
These rules shall apply to all new generator sets using petrol or kerosene as fuel,
manufactured in or imported into India:
Provided that these rules shall not apply to:
(a) Any genset manufactured or imported for the purpose of exports outside India, or
(b) The genset is intended for the purpose of sample only and not for sale in India.
45
3. Requirement of certification
Every manufacturer or importer (hereinafter referred to as “supplier”) of genset
(hereinafter referred to as “product”) to which these rules apply must have a valid
certificate of type approval for all the product models being manufactured or imported
after the specified dates.
4. Verification of conformity of production (COP)
Every supplier shall subject its products to the verification for conformity of
production, by certification body specified in clause 8, every year.
5. Sale of generator sets not complying with. these rules
The sale of a product model, not having valid type approval certificate, or not
complying with the noise limits, as determined by the verification for conformity of
production, shall be prohibited, in India.
6. Requirement of conformance labeling
6. (1) The supplier of the ‘product’ must affix a conformance label on the product
meeting the following requirements:
a. The label shall be durable and legible,
b. The label shall be affixed on a part necessary for normal operation of the
‘product’ and not normally requiring replacement during the ‘product’
life.
6. (2) The conformance label must contain the following information:
a. Name and address of the supplier (if the address is described in the
owners manual, it may not be included in the label)
b. Statement that “this product conforms to the Environment (Protection)
Rules, 1986.
c. Type approval certificate number and time phase (i.e. September 2001 or
September 2002).
7. Nodal agency
1. The Central Pollution Control Board shall be the nodal agency for
implementation of these rules.
2. In case of any dispute or difficulty in implementation of these rules the
matter shall be referred to the nodal agency.
3. The nodal agency shall constitute a Standing Committee to advise it on all
matters; including the disputed matters, related to the implementation of
these rules.
8. Certification body
The following agencies are authorized for type approval and for verification of
conformity of production.
Automotive Research Association of India, Pune;
National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi;
Naval Science & Technology Laboratory, Visakhapatnam;
Fluid Control Research Institute, Palghat; and
National Aerospace Laboratory, Bangalore.
9. Compliance and testing procedure
The compliance and testing procedure shall be prepared and published by Central
Pollution Control Board, with the help of the certification agencies.
46
Noise Limit for Generator Sets Run with Diesel

1. Noise limit for diesel generator sets (upto 1000 KVA) manufactured on or
after the 1st July, 2003.
The maximum permissible sound pressure level for new diesel generator
(DG) sets with rated capacity up to 1000 KVA, manufactured on or after
the 1st July, 2003 shall be 75 dB(A) at 1 metre from the enclosure surface.
The diesel generator sets should be provided with integral acoustic
enclosure at the manufacturing stage itself.
The implementation of noise limit for these diesel generator sets shall be
regulated as given in paragraph 3 below.
2. Noise limit for DG sets not covered by paragraph 1.
Noise limits for diesel generator sets not covered by paragraph 1, shall be as
follows:
2.1 Noise from DG set shall be controlled by providing an acoustic enclosure or by
treating the room acoustically, at the users end.
2.2 The acoustic enclosure or acoustic treatment of the room shall be designed for
minimum 25 dB(A) insertion loss or for meeting the ambient noise standards,
whichever is on the higher side (if the actual ambient noise is on the higher
side, it may not be possible to check the performance of the acoustic
enclosure/acoustic treatment. Under such circumstances the performance may
be checked for noise, reduction up to actual ambient noise level, preferably, in
the night time). The measurement for Insertion Loss may be done at different
points at 0.5m from the acoustic enclosure/room, and then averaged.
2.3 The DG set shall be provided with proper exhaust muffler with insertion loss of
minimum 25 dB(A).
2.4 These limits shall be regulated by the State Pollution Control Boards and the
State Pollution Control Committees.
2.5 Guidelines for the manufacturers/users of Diesel Generator sets shall be as
under:
01. The manufacturer shall offer to the user a standard acoustic enclosure
of 25 dB (A) insertion loss and also a suitable exhaust muffler with
insertion loss of 25 dB (A).
02. The user shall make efforts to bring down the noise levels due to the
DG set, outside his premises, within the ambient noise requirements by
proper siting and control measures.
03. Installation of a DG set must be strictly in compliance with the
recommendations of the DG set manufacturer.
04. A proper routine and preventive maintenance procedure for the DG set
should be set and followed in consultation with the DG set
manufacturer which would help prevent noise levels of the DG set
from deteriorating with use.
3. Limits of Noise for DG sets (upto 1000 KVA) manufactured on or after the 1st
July, 2003.
3.1. Applicability
01. These rules apply to DG sets upto 1000 KVA rated output,
manufactured or imported in India, on or after 1st July, 2003.
02. These rules shall not apply to
a. DG sets manufactured or imported for the purpose of exports
47
outside India; and
b. DG sets intended for the purpose of sample and not for sale in
India.
3.2. Requirement of Certification
Every manufacturer or importer (hereinafter referred to as "supplier") of DG
set (hereinafter referred to as "product") to which these regulations apply must
have valid certificates of Type Approval and also valid certificates of
Conformity of Production for each year, for all the product models being
manufactured or imported from 1st July, 2003 with the noise limit specified in
paragraph 1.
3.3. Sale, import or use of DG sets not complying with the rules prohibited
No person shall sell, import or use of a product model, which is not having a
valid Type Approval certificate and Conformity of Production certificate.
3.4. Requirement of Conformance Labelling
i. The supplier' of the 'product' must affix a conformance label on the product
meeting the following requirements:
a. The label shall be durable and legible.
b. The label shall be affixed on a part necessary for normal operation of
the 'product' and not normally requiring replacement during the
'product' life.
ii. The conformance label must contain the following information:
a. Name and address of the supplier (if the address is described in the
owner's manual, it may not be included in the label)
b. Statement “This product conforms to the Environment (Protection)
Rules, 1986".
c. Noise limit viz. 75 dB (A) at 1m
d. Type approval certificate number.
e. Date of manufacture of the product.
3.5. Nodal Agency
i. The Central Pollution Board shall be the nodal agency for implementation of
these regulations.
ii. In case of any dispute or difficulty in implementation of these regulations,
the matter shall be referred to the nodal agency.
iii. The nodal agency shall constitute a Committee to advise it on all matters;
including the disputed matters, related to the implementation of these
regulations.
3.6. Authorized agencies for certification
The following agencies are authorized to carry out such tests as they deem
necessary for giving certificates for Type Approval and Conformity of
Production testings of DG sets and to give such certificates:
i. Automotive Research Association of India, Pune
ii. National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi
iii. Naval Science & Technology Laboratory, Visakhapatnam
iv. Fluid Control Research Institute, Palghat
v. National Aerospace Laboratory, Bangalore
3.7. Compliance and Testing Procedure
The compliance and testing procedure shall be prepared and published by the
Central Pollution Control Board, with the help of the certification agencies.
48
SCHEDULE III
(See rule 3)
Ambient Air Quality Standards in Respect of Noise
Area Code Category of Area Limits in dB (A) Leg.

Day Time Night Time
A Industrial area 75 70
B Commercial area 65 55
C Residential area 55 45
D Silence Zone 50 40
Note- 1 Day time is reckoned in between 6 a.m. and 9 p.m.

Note- 2 Night time is reckoned in between 9 p.m. and 6 a.m.
Note- 3 Silence zone is defined as areas upto 100 metres around such premises
as hospitals, educational institutions and courts. The Silence zones are
to be declared by the Competent Authority.
Use of vehicular horns, loudspeakers and bursting of crackers shall be
banned in these zones.
Note- 4 Mixed categories of areas should be declared as one of the four above-
mentioned categories by the Competent Authority and the
corresponding standards shall apply.]
49
FORM XIII
APPLICATION FOR CONSENT FOR ESTABLISHING OR TAKING ANY STEPS FOR
ESTABLISHMENT OF INDUSTRY OPERATION PROCESS OR ANY TREATMENT
DISPOSAL SYSTEM FOR DISCHARGE, CONTINUATION OF DISCHARGE UNDER
SECTION 25 OR SECTION 26 OF THE WATER (PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF
POLLUTION) ACT, 1974
(See Rule 32)
From
Date……………………….
……………………………
……………………………
To
The Member Secretary,
Central Pollution Control Board.
Sir,
I/We hereby apply for Consent/Renewal of Consent under section 25 or
section 26 of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 (6 of 1974)
for establishing or taking any steps for establishment of Industry/ operation/ process/
or any treatment/ disposal system to bring into use any new/ altered outlet for
discharge of *sewage/ trade effluent*/ to continue to discharge *sewage/ trade
effluent* from land/premises owned by..
The other relevant details are as below:
1. Full name of the applicant..
2. Nationality of the applicant.
3. Status of the applicant:
a. Individual
b. Proprietary concern
c. Partnership firm
(Whether registered or unregistered)
d. Joint family concern
e. Private Limited Company
f. Public Limited Company
g. Government Company
1. State Government
2. Central Government
3. Union Territory
h. Foreign Company
(If a foreign company, the details of registration, incorporation, etc.).
i. Any other Association or Body:
4. Name, Address and Telephone Nos. of the Applicant.
(The full list of individuals, partners, persons, Chairman (full-time or part-
time), Managing Directors, Managing Partners, Directors (full time or part-time),
other kinds of office-bearers are to be furnished with their period of tenure in the
respective office with telephone Nos. and address).
5. Address of the Industry
(Survey No., Khasra No., location as per the revenue records, Village Firka,
50
Tehsil, District, Police Station or SHQ, jurisdiction of the First Class Magistrate).
6. Details of commissioning, etc.:
a. Approximate date of the proposed commissioning of work.
b. Expected date of production:
7. Total number of employees expected to be employed.
8. Details of license, if any obtained under the provisions of Industrial
Development (Regulation) Act, 1951:
9. Name of the person authorized to sign this form (the original authorization
except in the case of individual/proprietary concern is to be enclosed).
10. (a) Attach the list of all raw materials and chemicals used per month.
(b) Licensed Annual Capacity of the Factory/Industry.
11. State daily quantity of water in kilolitres utilized and its source (domestic/
industrial/ process/ boiler / cooling/ others).
12. (a) State the daily maximum quantity of effluents and mode of disposal
(sewer or drains or river).
Also attach analysis report of the effluents. Type of effluent quantity in
kilolitres, mode of disposal.
i. Domestic
ii. Industrial
(b) Quality of effluent currently being discharged or expected to be
discharged.
(c) What monitoring arrangement is currently there or proposed.
13. State whether you have any treatment plant for industrial, domestic or
combined effluents.
Yes/No
If yes, attach a description of the process of treatment in brief. Attach
information on the quality of treated effluent vis-à-vis the standards.
14. State details of sold wastes generated in the process or during waste
treatment.
Description Quantity Method of collection
Method of disposal
I/We further declare that the information furnished above is correct to the best of
my/our knowledge.
I/We hereby submit that in case of change either of the point of discharge or the
quantity of discharge or its quality, a fresh application for CONSENT shall be made
and until such CONSENT is granted no change shall be made.
I/We hereby agree to submit to the Central Board an application for renewal of
consent one month in advance of the date of expiry of the consented period for outlet/
discharge if to be continued thereafter.
I/We undertake to furnish any other information within one month of its being called
by the Central Board.
I/We enclose herewith cash receipt No./bank draft No………………………. dated
…………………... for Rs…………...…..
(Rupees…………………………………………………………………......) in favour
of the Central Pollution Control Board, New Delhi, as fees payable under section 25
of the Act.
Yours faithfully,
Signature of the applicant.
[Note: *Strike out which is not relevant.]
51
[SCHEDULE VII]
[See rule 3(3B)]
NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS
Pollutant Time Concentration in ambient air (in ug/m3 Method of measurement

Weighted for all pollutants except carbon
average monoxide which is in mg/m3)
Industrial Residential Sensitive
Area Rural & Area
Other areas
Sulphur Annual 80 60 15 1. Improved West and
(SO2) Average* Gaeke Dioxide method.
24 Hours** 120 80 30 2. Ultraviolet fluorescence
Oxides of Annual 80 60 15 Jacob & Hochheiser
Nitrogen Average* Modified (Na-Arsenite)
as NO2 method.
24 Hours** 120 80 30 Gas Phase
Chemiluminescence.
Suspended Annual 360 140 70 (Average flow rate not less
Particulate Average* than 1.1 m3/minute)
Matter
24 Hours** 500 200 100
Respirable Annual 120 60 50
Particulate Average*
matter
(size less 24 Hours** 150 100 75
than 10µm)
Lead (Pb) Annual 1.0 0.75 0.50 AAS Method after
Average* sampling using EPM 2000
24 Hours** 1.5 1.00 0.75 or equivalent filter paper.
Carbon 8 hours** 5.0 2.0 1.0 Non-dispersive infrared

Monoxide Spectroscopy.
(CO) 8 hours** 5.0 2.0 1.0
* Annual Arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken twice

a week 24 hourly at uniform interval.
** 24 hourly/S hourly values should be met 9S% of the time in a year. However,
2% of the time, it may exceed but not on two consecutive days.
Note.
1. National Ambient Air Quality Standard: The levels of an air quality necessary
with an adequate margin of safety, to protect the public health, vegetation and
property.
2. Whenever and wherever two consecutive values exceed the limit specified
above for the respective category, it shall be considered adequate, reason to
institute regular/continuous monitoring and further investigations.].
52
FORM I
(See rule 4 of Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1974
RETURN REGARDING WATER CONSUMED DURING THE MONTH OF..........
Name and Purpose for which Reading at the Reading at the

Address of the water consumed beginning of the end of the last day
consumer first day of calendar of calendar month
month under report under report
1 2 3 4
Quantity of water If the meter was out Quantity of water Remarks*
consumed in of order the qualifying for rebate
kilolitres monthly average according to the
consumption of assessee
water for the
previous 3 months
of the working
period
5 6 7 8
1. Industrial cooling spraying in mine i. from Municipal water supply mains
pits or boiler feed. ii. from well/ tube-well
iii. from canal
iv. from river
v. from any other source
2. Domestic purpose. i. from Municipal water supply mains
ii. from well/ tube-well
iii. from canal
iv. from river
3. Processing whereby water gets i. from Municipal water supply mains
polluted and the pollutants are easily ii. from well/ tube-well
bio-degradable. iii. from canal
iv. from river
4. Processing whereby water gets i. from Municipal water supply mains
polluted and the pollutants are not ii. from well/ tube-well
easily bio-degradable and are toxic. iii. from canal
iv. from river
Signature of the consumer.............................

Name………………………………………..
Address……………………………………..
* For claiming rebate under column 7 the assessee shall indicate in this column
the analytical and other reports annexed to this return in support of this claim.
53
ANNEXURE TO FORM I
Report of Analysis of treated effluent showing performance of the treatment plant for
the month of....................................................................
Sample collected on………………………...
Sample tested on…………………………….
By the Laboratories…………………………
SI. Polluting parameters Maximum Concentra- Date on which
No. as mentioned in the permissible tion of range There was On which
conditions imposed limits or ranges of break under
under consent granted allowed as per parameters down or perfor-
under sections 25/26 consent as per report failure of mance
of the Water (Preven- condition the plant noticed
tion and Control of
Pollution) Act, 1974
1 2 3 4 5 6
End. : Original Analysis report of Laboratory.

Signature……………………
Date…………………………
Name………………………..
Address……………………...
54
C HECK L IST –I
(F OR I NTERNAL AND E XTERNAL A UDITORS )
Format 1 (VG1): Verification Guidelines on Mining and Consent Aspects
Sr. List of Questions YES NO
No
Mining Plan
1 Is the excavation within the approved mining plan?
2 Is the method of excavation as per the mining norms?
3 Have the mining authorities brought about any change or
altered in raw material or manufacturing process resulting in
change in quality and/or quantity of emissions?
4 Has prior approval been taken from the State Pollution
Control Board?
5 Are the mining authorities operating as per the terms and
conditions stipulated by the Mining Department, GoK / IBM
approved plan / Ministry of Environment and Forest, GoI?
Consent Conditions
6 Is there any generation of trade effluent from any activity of
mining process?
7 If yes, are the consent condition being complied?
8 Are the mining authorities using water for sprinkling system
to suppress dust generation?
9 Is domestic wastewater from the mining area treated with
septic tank with soak pits?
10 Are the septic tank and soak pit designed are per IS 2470 Part
I & II?
11 Have the mining authorities brought about any change or
altered either the quality and quantity or rate of emission or
install/replaced/altered air pollution control equipments?
12 Has prior approval been taken from the State Pollution
Control Board?
13 Has an ambient air monitoring station been set-up?
14 If yes, has it been located in consultation with the State
Pollution Control Board?
15 Has the consent conditions of a period of 8 hours monitoring
so as to cover the cycle of 24 hours altleast once a week being
adhered to?
16 Have the mining authorities been maintaining a register for the
data collected?
17 Has the monthly extract of data collected being sent to the
State Pollution Control Board?
18 Has the mining authorities disposing off all solid waste
generated from the process and from the effluent treatment
plant in such amanner that the groundwater and surface water
is not polluted, directly or indirectly?
19 Is the mode of disposal and the area selected for the same got
approval from the Board?
20 Is the overburden disposed according to that approved in
Mining Plan?
55
21 Have water meters been installed as per the Water (Prevention

and Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977?
22 Are the mining authorities filing water cess returns in Form – I
and other provisions of the Water (Prevention and Control of
Pollution) Cess Act, 1977 and 2003?
23 Are the mining authorities furnishing detailed programme of
work in form of pert chart of implementation of water and air
Pollution control works to the Karnataka State Pollution
Control Board?
24 Are the mining authorities maintaining greenbelt around the
mining area as per the approved Mining Plan?
25 Are the mining authorities maintaining sufficient buffer zone
around the mining area as per the Mining Plan?
26 Are the mining authorities maintaining good roads around the
mining area as a social obligation and to mitigate dust
pollution?
27 Are the mining authorities maintaining preventive measures
like water sprinklers, etc., in the mining area and in immediate
neighbourhood?
28 Have the mining authorities provided adequate check dams
and gulley plugs to protect seasonal nallahs in the mine lease
area from getting contaminated?
29 Are the mining authorities carrying out adequate soil and
water conservation measures as suggested by the Ministry of
Environment and Forest, GoI; Department of Mines and
Geology, GoK; and the Karnataka State Pollution Control
Board?
30 Have adequate water harvesting and groundwater recharge
facilities been provided in the mining area?
31 Has the authorities ensured that the top soil from the mining
operation being carefully removed without causing soil
erosion and siltation in the area/valley?
32 Has the overburden dump periodically stabilised to take up
plantation?
33 Have adequate number of retaining wall been provided to
arrest run off?
34 Is the overburden being dumped in the nearby seasonal nallah
or valleys?
56
Format 2 (VG2): Verification Guidelines on Environment aspects

Sr. List of Questions YES NO
No
Protection of environment.
1 Does the mine operator hold a prospecting license or a mining
lease?
2 Are all possible precautions for the protection of the
environment being taken?
3 Are all steps for control of pollution while conducting
prospecting, mining beneficiation or metallurgical operations
in the area being taken?
Removal and utilization of top soil.
4 Does any top soil exists which is to be excavated for the
prospecting or mining operations?
5 If yes is the top soil removed separately?
6 If the top soils is not removed separately, then why?
7 Is the top soil so removed utilized for restoration or
rehabilitation of the land which no longer required for
prospecting or mining operations or for stabilizing or
landscaping the external dumps?
8 If the top soil cannot be utilized, is it stored separately for
future use?
Storage of overburden waste rock etc.
9 Are the overburden waste rock rejects and fines generated
during prospecting and mining operations or tailings, slimes
and fines produced during sizing sorting and benefactions or
metallurgical operations being stored in separate dumps?
10 Are the dumps properly secured to prevent escape of material
stored in harmful quantities which may cause degradation of
environment and to prevent causation floods?
11 Is the site for dumps tailings or slimes selected on impervious
ground to ensure minimum leaching effects due to
precipitations?
12 Is there a possiblity that the waste rock, overburden, etc., be
backfilled into the mine excavations?
13 If yes, what steps are being taken with a view to restoring the
land to its original use as far as possible?
14 If backfilling of waste rock in the area excavated during
mining operations is not feasible, are the waste dumps being
suitably terraced and stabalised through vegetation or
otherwise?
15 Are the fines rejects or tailings from mine beneficiations or
metallurgical plants deposited in a specially prepared tailings
disposal area so that they are not allowed to flow away and
cause land degradation or damage to agricultural field
pollution of surface water bodies and ground water or cause
floods?
Reclamation and rehabilitation of lands.
16 Has the holder of prospecting license or mining lease
undertaken phased restoration reclamation and rehabilitation
of lands affected by prospecting or mining operations?
57
17 Has the holder ensured that the restoration is complete before

the conclusion of such operations and abandonment of
prospect or mine?
Precaution against ground vibrations.
18 Are the ground vibrations caused by blasting operations within
safe limit to prevent damage to public buildings or
monuments?
Control of surface subsidence.
19 Is stoping in underground mines being carried out as to keep
surface subsidence under control?
Precaution against Air pollution.
20 Is the air pollution control equipments in place and functional?
21 Is the air pollution due to fines dust smoke or gaseous
emissions during prospecting mining beneficiations or
metallurgical operations and related activities being controlled
and kept within permissible limits specified under various
environmental laws of the country including the air
(prevention and control Act) 1981 (14 of 1981). And the
Environmental (protection) Act. 1986 (29 of 1986) and the
consent conditions given by the Pollution Control Board?
22 Discharge of toxic liquid.
23 Are precautions to prevent or reduce the discharge of toxic and
objectionable liquid effluents from mine workshops
beneficiations or metallurgical plants tailings ponds into
surface water bodies ground water aquifer and useable lands
being taken?
24 Are these effluents being suitably treated to conform to the
standards laid down in this regard?
Precaution against noise.
25 Is the noise arising out of prospecting mining benefications or
metallurgical operations controlled at the source so as to keep
it within the permissible limit?
Restoration of flora.
26 Is the prospecting or mining operations carried in a manner to
cause least damage to the flora of the area held under
prospecting licence or mining lease and the nearby areas?
27 Are immediate measures for planting (not less than twice the
number of trees destroyed) in the same area or any other area
selected by the Controller General or the authorized officer
being taken?
28 Is the mine operator look after them during the subsistence of
the licence /lease after which these shall be handed over to the
state Forest department or any other authority as may be
nominated by the Controller General or the authorized officer?
29 Is the mine operator restoring to the extent possible other flora
destroyed by prospecting or mning operations?
Environment clearance of the mining projects.
30 Has the mine operator obtained environmental clearance under
the Environment protection Act and Rules?
31 Has the mine operator obtained site clearance from the central
Government in the MOEF?
32 Are the recommendations of the Impact Assessment agency
58
adhered to?
33 Are the project authorities concerned submitting a half yearly
report to the concerned agency in order to enable the Impact
assessment agency concerned to monitor the effective
implementation of the recommendation and conditions subject
to which the environmental clearances has been given?
Forest Conservation Act 1980.
34 Is forest land being diverted for mining?
35 Has the permission/approval of the Government of India for
the diversion taken?
59
C HECK L IST –II

(F OR I NTERNAL AND E XTERNAL A UDITORS )
Format 3 (VG3): Verification Guidelines on Resource Auditing Aspects
A. Monthly Water Balance Sheet
WATER INTAKE WATER CONSUMPTION

[a] [b]
Mode of Abstraction of Volume Mode of Use of Water Volume
Water (m3) (m3)
Tanker Process
Surface Water Cooling
Ground Water Domestic
Piped Water Water Sprinkling systems
Rain Water (harvested)
Total Total
Note: a = b + waste water generated + loss due to evaporation
B. Monthly Raw material consumption
RAW MATERIAL INTAKE PRODUCT PRODUCED

[i] [ii]
Type of Raw material Weight Type of Product Weight
used (Kg) produced (Kg)
Total Total
Note:i = ii + waste products + fugitive losses through air and water
C. Monthly Energy Balance Sheet
ENERGY INTAKE ENERGY CONSUMPTION

[a] [b]
Source of Energy Kilowatts Mode of Use of Energy Kilowatt
Grid Process
Diesel Generator Set Cooling
Solar Energy Air Pollution Control
Devices
Any other Water Pollution Control
Devices
Water Sprinkling systems
Total Total
Note: a = b + loss due to heat
60
A NNEXURE ……. M AINTAINING L OG B OOKS

Log Book 1: Log Book for Daily Water Balance Sheet (Volume m3)
Mode of Abstraction WATER INTAKE
of Water 1/2/04 2/2/04 3/2/04 4/2/04 5/2/04 6/2/04 7/2/04 … …
Tanker
Surface Water
Ground Water
Piped Water
Rain Water (harvested)
Total
Mode of Use of Water WATER CONSUMPTION

of Water 1/2/04 2/2/04 3/2/04 4/2/04 5/2/04 6/2/04 7/2/04 … …
Process
Cooling
Domestic
Water Sprinkling
systems
Total
60
Log Book 2: Log Book for Daily Resources Balance Sheet (Weight Kg)
Type of Raw material RAW MATERIAL INTAKE DATES
used 1/2/04 2/2/04 3/2/04 4/2/04 5/2/04 6/2/04 7/2/04 … …
Total
Type of Products PRODUCTION DATES

manufactured 1/2/04 2/2/04 3/2/04 4/2/04 5/2/04 6/2/04 7/2/0 … …
4
Total
Note:For only mining projects the products includes the ore which is transported
61
Log Book 3: Log Book for Daily Energy Balance Sheet (Kilowatts)
Source of Energy ENERGY INTAKE DATES
1/2/04 2/2/04 3/2/04 4/2/04 5/2/04 6/2/04 7/2/04 … …
Grid
Diesel Generator Set
Solar Energy
Any other
Total
Energy Consumption ENERGY CONSUMPTION DATES

1/2/04 2/2/04 3/2/04 4/2/04 5/2/04 6/2/04 7/2/04 … …
Process
Cooling
Air Pollution Control
Devices
Water Pollution Control
Devices
Water Sprinkling systems
Total
62
Environmental Management And Policy Research Institute
Urban-Eco Park, 100 feet Road,
Peenya Industrial area, 3rd Phase,
Peenya, Bangalore-560 058

Environmental Compliance Guide for Mining Industries

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Environmental Compliance Guide for Mining Industries

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FINAL REPORT

2 LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

LIST NAME SUBJECT SUBJECT

LIST NAME SUBJECT SUBJECT

2.4.10 The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000

2.5 RELEVANT POLICIES

8. Developing appropriate organizational structure and a pool of professional manpower

2.6 RELEVANT INSTITUTIONS

Five departments are directly involved in the protection of environment due to

34 Reclamation and rehabilitation of lands. Every holder of prospecting license or mining

3 RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE MINING AUTHORITIES IN CONTEXT WITH

Should submit yearly “Environmental Statement” to the concerned State Pollution

4 WATER AND AIR (PREVENTION & CONTROL OF POLLUTION) ACTS

5 WATER (PREVENTION & CONTROL OF POLLUTION)

6 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT NOTIFICATION

Obtaining Environmental Clearance

Investor Scoping by investor

Submits Project questionnaire to

Environmental Clearance issued

7 ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT PROCEDURES

Environmental Management in industries hitherto based on and off pipe waste

8.2 AUDIT PROCEDURE

A step-by-step methodology for Environmental Audit as recommended by the United

Phase 1: Pre-Assessment AUDIT PREPARATION

Phase 2: Material Balance

DESERVE A MATERIAL BALANCE

IDENTIFY WASTE REDUCTION OPTIONS

EVALUATE WASTE REDUCTION OPTIONS

Quick Reference Audit Guide

SR. IMPLEMENTING OBJECTIVE OF ACTS OR KSPCB’S

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT NOTIFICATION, 1994

1. (a) Name and Address of the project (a)Water balance at site:

(c)Rehabilitation Master Plan: 12. (a) Environmental Impact

GENERAL STANDARDS FOR DISCHARGE OF EFFLUENTS

Sl.No. Soil Texture Loading Rate in

(ii) Raw material consumption

Name of raw Name of products Consumption of raw material per unit of

Impact of the pollution abatement measures taken on conservation of natural

Additional measures/ investment proposal for environmental protection

Any other particulars for improving the quality of the environment.

Sl.No. Industry Parameter Standards

Sl.No. Parameter Limits

3. Noise level standards:

Noise Level 6.00 AM - 10.00 PM 10.00 PM - 6.00 AM

Noise Limit from

Noise Limit for Generator Sets Run with Diesel

Area Code Category of Area Limits in dB (A) Leg.

Note- 1 Day time is reckoned in between 6 a.m. and 9 p.m.

Pollutant Time Concentration in ambient air (in ug/m3 Method of measurement

Carbon 8 hours** 5.0 2.0 1.0 Non-dispersive infrared

* Annual Arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken twice

Name and Purpose for which Reading at the Reading at the

Signature of the consumer.............................

End. : Original Analysis report of Laboratory.

21 Have water meters been installed as per the Water (Prevention

Format 2 (VG2): Verification Guidelines on Environment aspects

17 Has the holder ensured that the restoration is complete before

C HECK L IST –II

WATER INTAKE WATER CONSUMPTION

B. Monthly Raw material consumption

RAW MATERIAL INTAKE PRODUCT PRODUCED

C. Monthly Energy Balance Sheet