106

rank
out of 144 countries

Malaysia
0.666
score
0.00 = imparity
1.00 = parity

SCORE AT A GLANCE KEY INDICATORS

GDP (US$ billions) 296.22

Ed

GDP per capita (constant '11 intl. $, PPP) 25,308

y
om

uc
on

at
io
Ec

Total population (thousands) 30,331.01

n

Population growth rate (%) 1.30

Population sex ratio (female/male) 1.02
Human capital optimization (%) 74.26

2016 2006
rank score rank score

Global Gender Gap Index 106 0.666 72 0.651

Po

lth
ea
lit
ic

H
s

Economic participation and opportunity 80 0.658 68 0.592

Educational attainment 89 0.985 63 0.985
Health and survival 109 0.969 80 0.970
Malaysia score
Political empowerment 134 0.051 90 0.056
sample average
rank out of 144 115

COUNTRY SCORE CARD

f/m distance to parity
rank score avg female male ratio 0.00 1 .00 2.00

Economic participation and opportunity 80 0.658 0.586 0.66

Labour force participation 104 0.650 0.665 52 81 0.65
Wage equality for similar work (survey) 10 0.791 0.622 — — 0.79
Estimated earned income (US$, PPP) 48 0.652 0.502 20,105 30,828 0.65
Legislators, senior officials, and managers 95 0.285 0.358 22 78 0.29
Professional and technical workers 90 0.797 0.862 44 56 0.80

rank score avg female male distance to parity

Educational attainment 89 0.985 0.955 0.99

Literacy rate 88 0.968 0.897 93 96 0.97
Enrolment in primary education — — 0.980 — — —
Enrolment in secondary education 1 1.000 0.970 50 50 1.07
Enrolment in tertiary education — — 0.930 — — —

rank score avg female male distance to parity

Health and survival 109 0.969 0.957 0.97

Sex ratio at birth 125 0.935 0.918 — — 0.94
Healthy life expectancy 75 1.048 1.043 66 63 1.05

rank score avg female male distance to parity

Political empowerment 134 0.051 0.233 0.05

Women in parliament 118 0.116 0.269 10 90 0.12
Women in ministerial positions 130 0.061 0.238 6 94 0.06
Years with female head of state (last 50) 68 0.000 0.204 0 50 0.00
0.00 0.40 distribution of countries by score 1.00

MYS AVG

0.666 / 106 MYS

SELECTED CONTEXTUAL DATA

Workforce participation female male value Family female male value

Law mandates non-discrimination in hiring women no Average length of single life (years) 26 28 0.92
Youth not in employment or education 1 1 1.56 Proportion married by age 25 33 24 1.36
Unemployed adults 2 2 0.97 Mean age of women at birth of their first child 31
Discouraged job seekers 45 55 0.81 Average number of children per woman 2
Workers in informal employment — — — Women with unmet demand for family planning 9
Labour force participation among those with Potential support ratio 12
advanced degrees 65 73 0.90 Total dependency ratio 44
*
Workers employed part-time 8 4 2.11 Parity of parental rights in marriage 0.50
*
Contributing family workers 8 2 3.80 Parity of parental rights after divorce 0.50
Own-account workers 17 18 0.96
Work, minutes per day — — —
Proportion of unpaid work per day — — — Care female male value

Length of parental leave (days) —

Length of maternity / paternity leave (days) 60 / —
Economic leadership female male value Wages paid during maternity / paternity leave 100 / —
Law mandates equal pay no Provider of parental leave benefits —
*
Ability of women to rise to positions of leadership 0.78 Provider of maternity / paternity leave benefits empl / —
Boards of publicly traded companies — — — Government supports or provides childcare yes
Firms whose ownership includes women 25.40 Government provides child allowance to parents no
Firms whose top management includes women 26.30
R&D personnel 38 62 0.62
Education and skills female male value

Out-of-school children of primary school age — — —

Access to assets female male value Primary education attainment in adults 88 94 0.93
Individuals with an account at a financial institution 78 83 0.94 Out-of-school youth of upper secondary school age — — —
*
Women's access to financial services 1.00 Secondary education attainment in adults 50 52 0.96
*
Inheritance rights for daughters 0.00 Tertiary education attainment in adults 7 10 0.73
*
Women's access to land use, control and ownership 0.50 PhD graduates — — —
Women's access to non-land assets use, control STEM graduates 25 45 0.56
* ×
and ownership 0.50 Skill diversity 0.179 0.203 0.88

Access to technology female male value Health female male value

Individuals using the internet 69 73 0.95 Malnutrition of children under age 5 — — —

#
Individuals using a mobile phone — — — Cardiovascular disease 269 325 0.83
#
Cancer 93 104 0.90
#
Diabetes 27 23 1.15
Political leadership female male value
Chronic respiratory disease 36 72 #
0.50
Year women received right to vote 1957 #
HIV/AIDS 2 34 0.06
Years since any women received voting rights 59 #
Suicide 2 5 0.32
Number of female heads of state to date — †
Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 births) 40 [32-53]
Quota for women on candidate lists in national elections —
Existence of legislation on domestic violence yes
Quota for women on candidate lists in local elections —
Prevalence of gender violence in lifetime —
Voluntary political party quotas —
Law permits abortion to preserve a woman's
Seats held in upper house — — —
physical health yes
Births attended by skilled health personnel 99
Antenatal care coverage, at least four visits —

Unless otherwise indicated by a superscripted note, "female" and "male" refers to percentage rates for the corresponding indicator; "value" refers to the female-over-male ratio.
Percentage rates have been rounded for reporting purposes. Exact values have been used for calculating ratios and scores. The following exceptions apply: * Data on a 0-to-1 scale (0
= worst score, 1 = best score) × Data on a normalized 0.111- to 1.000-scale (0.111 = most diverse, 1.000 = most concentrated) # Age-standardized death rates per 100,000 population
† Bracketed numbers show the range between the uncertainties, estimated to contain the true maternal mortality ratio with a 95% probability