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Death Star
A number of fictional mobile space stations and galactic superweapons
called Death Star featured in the Star Wars science-fiction franchise. The
Death Star
first Death Star was stated to be more than 100 km to 160 km in diameter, First appearance Star Wars: From
depending on source. It was crewed by an estimated 1.7 million military the Adventures
personnel and 400,000 droids.[1][2] Its superweapon delivered enough of Luke
energies on a scale equivalent to all the energy released by the Sun in an Skywalker
entire week. The second Death Star was significantly larger, between 200 km (novel, 1976)
to 400 km in diameter depending on source, and technologically more Affiliation Galactic Empire
advanced than its predecessor. Both versions of these dwarf planet-sized
fortresses were designed for massive power projection capabilities,
capable of destroying an entire planet with one blast from their
superlasers.[3]
Contents
Origin and design
Special effects
Depiction
Death Star-class
Similar super weapons of mass destruction
Death Stars in Star Wars Legends
Cultural influence
Science
Merchandise
White House petition
References
External links
Origin and design
Although details, such as the superlaser's location, shifted between
different concept models during production of Star Wars, the notion of
The original and second Death Stars.
the Death Star being a large, spherical space station over 100 kilometers
in diameter was consistent in all of them.[4] George Lucas gave the
original task of designing a "Death Star" to concept artist and spaceship modeler Colin Cantwell,[5] who had collaborated
with Stanley Kubrick on the 1968 film 2001: A Space Odyssey.[6] In a 2016 interview, Cantwell related that "I didn't
originally plan for the Death Star to have a trench, but when I was working with the mold, I noticed the two halves had
shrunk at the point where they met across the middle." As it "would have taken a week of work just to fill and sand and
refill this depression," Cantwell suggested a trench to Lucas to save the labor. Lucas liked the idea,[5][6] and the Death
Star model was created by John Stears.[7][8] The buzzing sound counting down to the Death Star firing its superlaser
comes from the Flash Gordon serials.[9] Portraying an incomplete yet powerful space station posed a problem for
Industrial Light & Magic's modelmakers for Return of the Jedi.[10] Only the front side of the 137-centimeter model was
completed, and the image was flipped horizontally for the final film.[10] Both Death Stars were depicted by a
combination of complete and sectional models and matte paintings.[4][10]
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Special effects
The Death Star explosions featured in the special edition of A New Hope and in
Return of the Jedi are rendered with a Praxis effect, wherein a flat ring of matter
erupts from the explosion.
The grid plan animations shown during the Rebel briefing for the attack on the
Death Star late in A New Hope were an actual computer graphics simulation
from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory made by Larry Cuba and Gary Imhoff as
The explosion special effect.
part of a CalArts project, and had been included during filming.[11]
Depiction
These are depictions of the Death Star and other similar weapons of mass
destruction within the Star Wars canon.
Death Star-class
The Clone Wars Legacy story reel from the unfinished Crystal Crisis on Utapau episodes revealed that the reason
General Grievous was on Utapau in Revenge of the Sith was to acquire enormous kyber crystals, which were required to
power the Death Star's superlaser.[13]
The first Death Star's schematics are visible in the scenes on Geonosis in Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones
showcasing the early development of the Death Star prototype, the Death Star plans were designed by Geonosians led by
Archduke Poggle the Lesser, a member of the Confederacy of Independent Systems, and is shown early in construction
at the end of Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith. The Death Star plans are a central plot-point in the 2016 film
Rogue One and the original 1977 film Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope.
A hologram from the original Death Star is briefly visible in a scene at the Resistance base in Star Wars: Episode VII
The Force Awakens and used as a means of comparison with one from the First Order's own superweapon, Starkiller
Base.
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In the animated series Star Wars Rebels, the two-part episode "Ghost of Geonosis" hinted that the Geonosians were
nearly wiped out to extinction out of the Empire's need for secrecy. Saw Gerrera, having been sent to Geonosis to
investigate, deduced the Empire possesses a superweapon and resolved to discover the Death Star as depicted in the
final season two-parter "In the Name of the Rebellion." Though it was a dead end, finding only scientists being abducted
by the Empire, Saw learned the weapon is powered by kyber crystals taken from the Jedha system.
The anthology film Rogue One focuses on a band of Rebels stealing the plans for the first Death Star prior to the events
of A New Hope. The Death Star project was overseen by Orson Krennic, the Director of Advanced Weapons Research for
the Imperial Military. Under Krennic's supervision, the project was beset by constant delays, and he forcibly recruited
weapons designer Galen Erso (the father of Jyn Erso, the movie's main protagonist) to complete the design;
nevertheless, it was another fifteen years before the Death Star was operational. The Death Star's primary laser was
powered by kyber crystals mined from the desert moon of Jedha, and is first used to destroy Jedha City both as a
response to a violent insurgency on the planet, and as a display of the Death Star's operational status to restore the
Empire's confidence in the project. Grand Moff Tarkin assumes control over the Death Star while Krennic investigates
security breaches in the design project. It is subsequently revealed that Galen discreetly sabotaged the design by
building a vulnerability into the reactor. This is the same vulnerability that Luke Skywalker takes advantage of during
the events of A New Hope. After the Death Star plans are stolen from the Scarif vault, Tarkin fires the Death Star laser
on the base killing Krennic, as well as Jyn Erso and Cassian Andor.
The canonical population of the first Death Star was 1.7 million military personnel, 400,000 maintenance droids, and
250,000 civilians/independent contractors.[1][2]
The 2014 book Star Wars: Tarkin detailed the life of Grand Moff Tarkin, and prominently featured the first Death Star.
The theme of the construction of the Death Star is continued in the 2016 book, Catalyst: A Rogue One Novel, which tells
the story of the development of the Death Star's superweapon by the scientist, Galen Erso and Krennic's deception of
him. It also reveals how Poggle worked with Krennic on the Project but then turned on him.[14]
In the film Rogue One, it is revealed that the Death Star's superlaser is powered by multiple reactors, allowing it to vary
its destructive power depending on the target. Skeptical of the station's power, Tarkin ordered that it first be tested on
Jedha City using a single reactor. Subsequently, a second single-reactor test would destroy their installation on Scarif,
along with the Rebel strike force who had successfully stolen the station's plans. The destruction of the planet Alderaan
would be the first time the Death Star was tested with all reactors employed.
The Death Star II is featured in the cover of the book Star Wars: Aftermath (2015), which also features many flashbacks
to the destruction of the Death Star II, as well as the events directly after its destruction. One of the main characters in
the story personally escaped the explosion of the Death Star. The destruction of the second Death Star was also shown in
holograms in the book. The 2015 comic book Star Wars: Shattered Empire also explores the days following the
destruction of the Death Star II from the perspective of Poe Dameron's parents, who were pilots during the event. The
video game Star Wars: Uprising also takes place during the aftermath of the second Death Star's destruction, and
features a hologram of its description on multiple occasions in and out of cutscenes.
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Similar super weapons of mass destruction
The first Death Star's construction is the subject of Michael Reaves and Steve Perry's novel Death Star. In LucasArts's
Star Wars: Battlefront II, the player participates in a mission to secure crystals used in the Death Star's superlaser. The
first Death Star under construction acts as the final stage in the video game, The Force Unleashed. Kevin J. Anderson's
Jedi Academy trilogy introduces the Maw Cluster of black holes that protect a laboratory where the Death Star
prototype was built (consisting of the super structure, power core, and superlaser).
National Public Radio's A New Hope adaptation portrays Leia (Ann Sachs) and Bail Organa's (Stephen Elliott) discovery
of the Death Star's existence and Leia's mission to steal the space station's schematics. The first level of LucasArts' Dark
Forces gives the player a supporting role in Leia's mission, while a mission in Battlefront II tasks the player with acting
as a stormtrooper or Darth Vader in an attempt to recover the plans and capture Leia. Steve Perry's novel Shadows of
the Empire describes a mission that leads to the Rebels learning of the second Death Star's existence, and that mission
is playable in LucasArts' XWing Alliance combat flight simulator. Numerous LucasArts titles recreate the movies'
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attacks on the Death Stars, and the Death Star itself is a controllable weapon for the Empire in the Rebellion and
Empire at War strategy game. A Death Star variation appears in Kevin J. Anderson's novel Darksaber (1995), and a
prototype version of the Death Star can be found in his novel Jedi Search (1994).
The first Death Star is depicted in various sources of having a crew of 265,675, as well as 52,276 gunners, 607,360
troops, 30,984 stormtroopers, 42,782 ship support staff, and 180,216 pilots and support crew.[19] Its hangars contain
assault shuttles, blastboats, Strike cruisers, land vehicles, support ships, and 7,293 TIE fighters.[20] It is also protected
by 10,000 turbolaser batteries, 2,600 ion cannons, and at least 768 tractor beam projectors.[20] Various sources state the
first Death Star has a diameter of between 140 and 160 kilometers.[19][21][22] There is a broader range of figures for the
second Death Star's diameter, ranging from 160 to 900 kilometers.[23][24]
George Lucas himself confirmed that the plans featured in Attack of the Clones and the under-construction facility in
Revenge of the Sith was indeed the original Death Star. The Star Wars: The New Essential Chronology retconned the
DSX prototype into being built alongside the main Death Star.
Cultural influence
The Death Star placed ninth in a 2008 20th Century Fox poll of the most popular movie weapons.[26] It is also referred
to outside of the Star Wars context.
KTCK (SportsRadio 1310 The Ticket) in Dallas were the first to use the term "Death Star" to describe the new mammoth
Cowboys Stadium, now AT&T Stadium, in Arlington, Texas. The term has since spread to local media and is generally
accepted as a proper nickname for the stadium.[27]
The Death Star strategy was the name Enron gave to one of their fraudulent business practices for manipulating
California's energy market.[28]
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AT&T Corporation's logo introduced in 1982 is informally referred to as the "Death Star".[29] Ars Technica referred to
"the AT&T Death Star" in an article criticizing a company data policy.[30] Competitor T-Mobile mocked AT&T's "Death
Star" logo and "Empire-like reputation" in a press release.[31]
Science
In 1981, following the Voyager spacecraft's flight past Saturn, scientists noticed a
resemblance between one of the planet's moons, Mimas, and the Death Star.[32]
Additionally, a few astronomers sometimes use the term "Death Star" to describe
Nemesis, a hypothetical star postulated in 1984 to be responsible for gravitationally
forcing comets and asteroids from the Oort cloud toward Earth.[33]
Merchandise
Kenner and AMT created a playset and a model, respectively, of the first Death
Star.[34][35] In 2005 and 2008, Lego released models of Death Star II and Death Star The Saturnian moon
I, respectively.[36][37] In 1979, Palitoy created a heavy card version of the Death Star Mimas, photographed by
as a playset for the vintage range of action figures in the UK, Australia and Canada. the Cassini probe in 2005.
The large crater in the
Both Death Stars are part of different Micro Machines three-packs.[38][39] The Death
upper right (Herschel) gives
Stars and locations in them are cards in Decipher, Inc.'s and Wizards of the Coast's it a resemblance to the
Star Wars Customizable Card Game and Star Wars Trading Card Game, Death Star.
respectively.[40] Hasbro released a Death Star model that transforms into a Darth
Vader mech.[41] Estes Industries released a flying model rocket version.[42]
A Death Star trinket box was also released by Royal Selangor in 2015, in conjunction with the upcoming December
screening of Star Wars: The Force Awakens.[43] In 2016, Plox released the official levitating Death Star Speaker[44] in
anticipation of the upcoming screening of Rogue One: A Star Wars Story.
References
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p://www.popularmechanics.com/culture/movies/g1638/death-star-physics-how-much-energy-does-it-take-to-blow-u
p-a-planet/). PopularMechanics.com. Retrieved November 23, 2016.
4. "Death Star (Behind the Scenes)" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110629041406/http://www.starwars.com/databan
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5. Fashingbauer Cooper, Gael (September 29, 2016), Star Wars Death Star's famed feature was a complete accident
(https://www.cnet.com/news/star-wars-death-star-colin-cantwell-reddit-ama/), CNET, retrieved January 14, 2017
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6. Pereira, Alyssa (September 27, 2016), 'Star Wars' star ships designer reveals inspiration behind Death Star, X-
Wing, and TIE fighter (http://www.sfgate.com/entertainment/article/Star-Wars-star-ships-designer-reveals-9306807.
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m-effects-wizard.html). New York Times. Retrieved January 28, 2013
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External links
Death Star (http://www.starwars.com/databank/death-star/) in the StarWars.com Databank
Death Star (http://www.wikia.com/wiki/c:starwars:Death_Star) on Wookieepedia, a Star Wars wiki
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NASA Engineer Says It Would Be Easier To Build A Death Star On Asteroid (http://stgist.com/2015/12/nasa-engine
er-says-its-easier-to-build-a-death-star-on-asteroid-6052)
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