STD.BSI BS EN ISO 3452-4-ENGL 1999 ..1624669 0754684 938 ..

BRITISH STANDARD BSENISO

3452-4:1999

Non-destructive
testing -
Penetrant testing-
Part 4: Equipment

The European Standard EN ISO 3452-4:1998 has the status of a

British Standard

ICS 19.100

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 STD.BSI BS EN ISO 3452-4-ENGL 1999 ..1624669 0754685 874 ..

BS EN ISO 3452-4:1999

National foreword
This British Standard is the English language version of EN ISO 3452-4:1998. It is
identical with ISO 3452-4:1998.
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee
WEE/46, Non-destructive testing, which has the responsibility to:

- aid enquirers to understand the text;

- present to the responsible intemationaJ!European committee any enquiries
on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests
infonned;
- monitor related international and European developments and promulgate
them in the UK

A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to

its secretary.
Cross-references
Attention is drawn to the fact that CEN and CENELEC standards normally include
an annex which lists nonnative references to international publications with their
corresponding European publications. The British Standards which implement these
international or European publications may be found in the BSI Standards
Catalogue under the section entitled "International Standards Correspondence
Index", or by using the "Find" facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue.
A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessacy provisions of a
contract Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer
immunity from legal obligations.

Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page,
pages 2 to 9 and a back cover.

This British Standard, having

been prepared under the Amendments issued since publication
direction of the Engineering
Amd. No. Date Text affected
Sector Conunittee, was published
under the authority of the
Standards Conunittee and comes
into effect on 15 March 1999

© BSI 03-1999

ISBN 0 580 29986 4

 STD-BSI BS EN ISO 3452-4-ENGL 1999 ..1624669 0754686 700 ..

EUROPEAN STANDARD ENISO 3452-4

NORME EUROPEENNE
EUROPAISCHE NORM December 1998

ICS
Descriptors: non-destructive tests, liquid penetrant tests, test equipment

English version

Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing - Part 4: Equipment

(ISO 3452-4:1998)
Essais non destructifs • Examen par ressuage • Partie 4: Ze:-stOrungsfreie PrOfung • EindringprQfung - Teil 4: Geriile
Equipement (ISO 3452-4:1998) (ISO 3452-4:1998)

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 May 1998.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CENICENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning
such national standards may be obtained on application to the CentralSecretariat or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three officialversions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the
official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Iceland. Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMnTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

COMITE EUROPEEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPAISCHES KOMITEE FUR NORMUNG

CentralSecretariat: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels

© 1998 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means Ref. No. EN ISO 3452·4:1998 E
reserved worldwide for CEN national Members.
 STD.BSI BS EN ISO 3452-4-ENGL 1999 II 1624669 0754687 647
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Page2
EN ISO 3452-4:1998

Contents
Page
Foreword 3
Introduction 4
1 Scope 5
2 Nonnative references 5
3 General 5
4 Equipment for in situ inspection 5
5 Equiment for fixed installations 6
Annex ZA (normative} Nonnative references to international publications with their relevant
European publications 9
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Page3
EN ISO 3452-4:1998

Foreword

The text of EN ISO 3452-4:1998 has been prepared by Technical Committee CENITC 138 "Non-destructive
testing", the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 135 "Non-
destructive testing•.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text
or by endorsement, at the latest by June 1999, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
latest by June 1999.
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and
the European Free Trade Association. This European Standard is considered to be a supporting standard to
those application and product standards which in themselves support an essential safety requirement of a New
Approach Directive and which make reference to this European Standard.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland,
France. Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
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Page4
EN ISO 3452-4:1998

Introduction
At the present time, one part of this Standard is published independently on the European and ISO levels, the
others are under the Vienna Agreement and consequently have the ISO number at the European level.
However, the Vienna agreement was applied during the work, so some European Standards have referenced
them under their previous European number. The following table gives the correspondence between these
different numbers.

Title previous number* official number

Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing

Part 1: General principle EN 571·1

Part 2: Testing of penetrant mate- rials prEN 571-2 prEN ISO 3452·2

Part 3: Reference test blocks prEN 571-3 EN ISO 3452-3

Part 4: Equipment prEN 956 EN ISO 3452-4

*number under which this document is referenced in some European Standards

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EN ISO 3452-4:1998

1 Scope
This European standard specifies the characteristics of equipment used in penetrant testing. The characteristics of
equipment required for carrying out penetrant testing depend on the number of tests to be made and on the size of
the components to be tested. Two types of equipment are included in this standard:
a) equipment suitable for carrying out in situ penetrant testing techniques;
b) fixed installations.

2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For
dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any these publications apply to this European Standard
only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication
referred to applies.
EN 571-1
Non destructive testing - Penetrant testing - Part 1: General principles for the examination
prEN ISO 3452-2
Non-destructive testi'lQ- Penetrant testing - Part 2: Testing of penetrant materials
(ISO/DIS 3452-2:1996)
EN ISO 3452-3
Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing - Part 3: Reference blocks (ISO 3452·3:1998)
prEN ISO 3059
Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing and magnetic particle testing - Viewing conditions.

3 General
Equipment used in penetrant testing shall be selected and applied considering the following general aspects:
- equipment should be selected being suitable for the penetrant testing technique;
-all relevant health, safety and environmental requirements shall be complied with;.
- the application shall be in accordance with the requirements of EN 571-1.

4 Equipment for in situ inspection

The equipment used for in situ inspection shall fullfill the requirements of EN 571-1, prEN ISO 3452-2 and
EN ISO 3452-3. Depending on the process being employed the following testing equipment may be used:

- portable spray equipment

- cloth {lint free)
·brushes
- personal protective equipment
• white light source
• UV(A) source.

5 Equipment for fixed installations

5.1 General requirements

All materials of construction used for the manufacture of fixed penetrant inspection installations, e. g. tanks, pipework
and ducting, shall be manufactured from materials which are resistant to attack by the products used throughout the
complete process. In addition, these materials shall not cause any modification to the properties of the penetrant
systems used.

Penetrant installations shall be located in an area where there is no possibility of contamination of the working
solutions from external sources, e. g. leaks from overhead steam pipes. In addition penetrant tanks should be fitted
with lids which should be kept shut when the plant is not in use.

Where plants are fitted with effluent treatment or water recirculating systems, the system shall be designed to ensure
that any water discharged to waste meets local discharge requirements. In addition the recycled water shall be of
a quality suitable for rinsing components.
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EN ISO 3452-4:1998

Where extraction systems are fitted, e. g. with spray application of penetrant, they shall be designed such that the
local health and safety requirements relevant to operational safety and local air emission laws are fully met.

All chemicals used in penetrant testing shall be stored in closed containers and storage shall meet relevant health
and safety requirements.

5.2 Preparation and precleaning area

Suitable equipment shall be used to carry out the preparation and precleaning requirements described in EN 571·1.

Degreasing areas shall be equipped to ensure degreasing of the components in accordance with preparation and
precleaning requirements described in EN 571·1 and if necessary shall include an area for cooling the components
prior to the application of penetrant. The degreasing and cooling facilities shall be of adequate size to handle the
flow of components. Vapour degreasers using halogenated hydrocarbons shall meet relevant air pollution require
ments.

5.3 Penetrant application area

Penetrant application areas shall ha:ve the facilities for applying penetrant by air assisted, airless and/or electrostatic
spraying, spray cans, brushing, flow-on techniques or immersion in a tank of penetrant liquid.

The tanks used for all processed chemicals shall be installed with a proper retaining tray. Where fluorescent
penetrants are applied by manual spraying equipment, a source of UV·A should be provided for checking the surface
to be tested for penetrant coverage. Where spray application is employed, suitable extraction facilities shall be
provided.

5.4 Penetrant drain area

Penetrant drain stations shall consist of a tray having a sloping base, arranged so that the penetrant is collected in
a separate container of the tank containing the penetrant.

5.5 Excess penetrant removal area

5.5.1 Immersion wash tank

Immersion tanks shall comprise means tor agitating the water or moving the components to be tested. The tank may
be equipped with a tank for the overflow of a part of the contaminated water.

The tank shall be equipped with means for controlling the water temperature.

5.5.2 Spray-wash areas

Spray-wash stations shall compnse e•ther manual or automatic spraying equipment.

Manual spraying equipment shall be equipped with a water or air/water spray gun capable of delivering a suitable
spray at a pressure as low as poss1ble and at a temperature not exceeding 50 °C. The pressure shall be measured
as near as practicably possible to the spray nozzle without a valve between the meter and the nozzle. Where
manual spraying equ1pment is employed. a suitable source of illumination shall be provided to control the excess
penetrant removal either white light for colour contrast penetrant or UV-A for fluorescent penetrant.

Automatic spraying equipment shall meet the requirements for manual equipment. In addition the number, design
and location of the nozzles shall be such that all test surfaces of the components are evenly rinsed. A suitable drain
shall be provided where automatiC spray1ng equipment is employed. Water retained in recesses shall be removed
by suitable means.

5.5.3 Emulsifier area

Emulsifier stations shall comprise the equipment given in (a) and (b), as appropriate to the process used.

a) Where a hydrophilic emulsifier is to Le applied by an immersion technique the strttion shall comprise a tanl
suitable to allow components to be immersed completely in the solution for a controlled time.
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EN ISO 3452-4:1998

Hydrophilic emulsifier may also be applied using suitable equipment by foam or flow--on technique.

b) A lipophilic emulsifier shall be applied by immersion only. The station shall comprise a tank which will allow
complete immersion of components in a solution for a controlled time. This shall be followed by drainage.

5.6 Drying area

If entrapped water is to be removed, appropriate equipment shall be used such as a suction system or means of
rotating parts.

To remove surface water appropriate equipment such as a warm air (maximum 80 °C) recirculating oven shall be
used.

To avoid condensation or oxidation of metals and to ensure that components are properly dried, a forced air oven
shall be used to ensure that there is a uniform controlled temperature distribution together with a high air flow.

5.7 Developer application area

Developer stations shall comprise the equipment given in 5.7a) to d) as appropriate to the developer used.

a) Powder developer.
The station shall comprise equipment for applying the developer by one of the following:

1) dust storm cabinet

2) electrostatic spray gun
3) flock gun
4) tumbler
5) insufflator
6) fluidized bed.

The equipment shall be constructed such that an even thin coating of the developer powder is applied to all
surfaces.
Where a cabinet is used, it shall be of sufficient size to accommodate all the work pieces examined, either as
single components or as multiples placed in wire baskets. It shall have a sealed, hinged lid and be fitted with
heaters to prevent contamination of the powder by moisture. Where an electrostatic spray or a flock gun is used,
suitable means of extraction shall be provided.
b) Water suspension developer.
The station shall comprise a tank which shall be fitted with a lid and shall be of such a size that total immersion
of components can be achieved. It shall have facilities for continuous agitation of the developer either by clean
air or by mechanical means, and shall be capable of maintaining the developer at the temperature recommended
by the manufacturer and Include a system for permitting excess developer to drain back freely into the tank.

c) Solvent-based developer.
The station shall comprise equipment for spray application of the developer within a cabinet. This developer may
be applied by air assisted, airless and/or electrostatic spraying. The equipment shall be fitted with suitable
mechanical agitation to maintain the developer in suspension. Where applicable the spray gun shall be actuated
by dry, clean filtered air. This developer may be spray applied from an aerosol container or spray cans. The
cabinet shall be constructed so that unrestricted spraying of the component can take place.

d) Water soluble developer.

The station shall comprise a tank which shall be fitted with a lid and shall be of such a size that total immersion
of components can be achieved. It shall be capable of maintaining the developer at the temperature recom
mended by its manufacturer and include a system for permitting excess developer to drain back freely into the
tank.
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EN ISO 3452-4:1998

5.8 Inspection area

Inspection stations shall be of sufficient size to pennit the free movement of inspection personnel and
components and, if required, to accommodate a work table with a non-reflecting surface.

For fluorescent inspection suitable UV-A lamps shall be provided which meet the requirements of prEN ISO 3059.
Ultraviolet lamps should be provided for background UV·A illumination. The booth shall be constructed such that
the level of ambient visible light shall not exceed 20 lx (see prEN ISO 3059).

For colour contrast penetrant inspection a source of white light shall be available with an illumination level of not
less than 500 lx at the surface of the component being inspected.
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EN ISO 3452-4:1998

Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to International publications with their relevant

European publications

This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For
dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European
Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the
publication referred to applies.

Title CEN number ISO number

Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing

Part 1: General principle EN 571-1 ISO 3452-1

11
Part 2: Testing of penetrant mate- rials prEN ISO 3452-2 ISO/DIS 3452-2

Part 3: Reference test blocks EN ISO 3452-3 ISO 3452-3

Part 4: Equipment EN ISO 3452-4 ISO 3452-4

11
This document is referenced as prEN 571-2 in some European Standards
 STD.BSI BS EN ISO 3452-4-ENGL 1999 ..1624669 0754695 713 ..

BSENISO
3452-4:1999

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