SS 512 : 2005
(ICS 23.040.01) 
 

SINGAPORE STANDARD

Code of practice for the design,

construction and operation of pipeline
service corridors

      Published by 

     

 
 

SS 512 : 2005
(ICS 23.040.01)

SINGAPORE STANDARD
Code of practice for the design, construction and
operation of pipeline service corridors

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this Singapore Standard may be
reproduced or utilised in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
photocopying and microfilming, without permission in writing from SPRING Singapore at the
address below:

Standards
SPRING Singapore
1 Fusionopolis Walk,
#01-02 South Tower, Solaris
Singapore 138628
Email : standards@spring.gov.sg 

ISBN 981-4154-06-7

 
SS 512 : 2005

This Singapore Standard was approved by Chemical Standards Committee on behalf of the
Standards Council of Singapore on 13 April 2005.

First published, 2005.

The Chemical Standards Committee appointed by the Standards Council consists of the following
members:

Name Capacity
Chairman : Dr Peter Chan Ping Kwong Member, Standards Council
Deputy Chairman : Ms Lam Kit Wing Member, Standards Council
Secretary : Ms Ho Phuy Bee SPRING Singapore
Members : Dr Philip Adams Plastics and Rubber Institute of Singapore
Dr Fang Shu Nong Singapore Surface Finishing Society
Mr Terence Koh Singapore Chemical Industry Council
Mr Larry Ng Lye Hock Urban Redevelopment Authority
Ms Ong Kah Kee Singapore Manufacturers’ Federation
Ms Pamela Phua Singapore Paints Manufacturers' Association
Mr Pitt Kuan Wah National Archives of Singapore
Mr Tan Lay Thok Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore
Mr Tan Quee Hong National Environment Agency
Assoc Prof Teo Khay Chuan National Institute of Education
Dr Alastair Trigg Institute of Microelectronics
(Singapore Surface Analysis Interest Group)
Mr Wang Hui Hua Singapore Chemical Industry Council
Co-opted
Members : Mr Lim Eng Kiat Individual Capacity
Mr Seah Khen Hee Individual Capacity

The Working Group appointed by the Chemical Standards Committee to assist in the preparation of
this standard comprises the following experts who contribute in their individual capacity:

Name
Convenors : Prof Ching Chi Bun
Mr David Tan Tin Liung
Secretaries : Ms Ho Phuy Bee
Ms Jesline Lim
Members : Mr Ang Chee Pheng
Mr Aw Chin Leng
Mr Cao Wen
Mr Chua Swu Chun
Mr Charlie Goh
Mr Ismadi Mohamed
Mr S K Joshi
Mr Koh Chwee Tin

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 SS 512 : 2005

Members : Mr Vincent Koh Liang Peng

Mr Kwa Soo Teck
Mr Lim Song Hau
Mr Loh Boon Chye
Mr Kuduva Nagaiar Kuppuraman Ravi
Major Ramanathan Sakhubai
Mr Tony Soh
Mr Singaravelu Sundaravel
Mr Teo Kwan Hai
Mr Tham Heng Mun
Mr Steven Thong
Dr Ti Hwei Chen
Mr Barnabas Wong Wai Kok
Mr Yau Tai Yin
Observers : Mr Devendra Borkar
Mr Cheong Wee Lee
Mr Muhammad Junaid
Mr K K Tan

The experts of the Working Group are nominated/recommended by the following organisations:

Air Products Singapore Pte Ltd

Celanese Singapore Pte Ltd
City Gas Pte Ltd
Economic Development Board
ExxonMobil Asia Pacific Pte Ltd
Invista Singapore Pte Ltd
JTC Corporation
Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore
Ministry of Manpower
National Environment Agency
National University of Singapore
Oiltanking Odfjell Terminal Singapore Pte Ltd
Petrochemical Corporation of Singapore Pte Ltd
PowerGas Ltd
Public Utilities Board (Water Department)
Seraya Chemicals Singapore Pte Ltd
Singapore Civil Defence Force
Singapore Oxygen Air Liquide Pte Ltd
Society of Loss Prevention in Oil, Chemical and Industry Processes, Singapore
SUT Sakra Pte Ltd
Vopak Terminals Singapore Pte Ltd

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SS 512 : 2005

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 SS 512 : 2005

Contents
Page

Foreword 9

CLAUSES

1 Scope 10
2 Purpose 10
3 Normative references 10
4 Definitions 12
5 Conceptual activities 15
5.1 General 15
5.2 Survey and siting permissions 15
5.3 Ownership and operator responsibilities 17
5.4 Planning permission 17
6 Front end engineering design (FEED) 19
6.1 Basis for design 19
6.2 Design standards 19
6.3 Block diagram and piping and instrumentation diagram 21
6.4 Piping specification 23
6.5 Other written documentation 24
7 Detailed engineering design 24
7.1 Quality management plan 24
7.2 Hazard analysis/HAZOPS 26
7.3 Piping design 26
7.4 Pipeline supports design 29
7.5 Pipeline components 30
7.6 Piperack layout 33
7.7 Buried pipelines layout philosophy 35
7.8 Subsea pipeline layout philosophy 40
8 Corrosion protection 40
8.1 General 40
8.2 Internal corrosion 40
8.3 External corrosion of buried pipelines 40
8.4 Cathodic protection 41
8.5 Electrical isolation 41
9 Construction 43
9.1 General 43
9.2 Material quality control 43
9.3 Welding 44

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SS 512 : 2005

Page

9.4 Qualification of welders 44

9.5 Inspection, examination and testing of welds 44
9.6 Bending of pipe 45
9.7 Repair of damaged pipe 46
9.8 Buried pipelines 46
9.9 Crossings 48
9.10 Subsea pipelines 48
9.11 Aboveground pipelines 49
9.12 Inspection control 49
10 Pre-commissioning and testing 50
10.1 General 50
10.2 Cleaning 51
10.3 Safety precautions during pressure testing 51
10.4 Hydraulic test procedure 52
10.5 Pneumatic test procedure 53
10.6 Test data recording 53
11 Handover and commissioning 53
11.1 General 53
11.2 In-service leak test 53
11.3 Commissioning of liquid pipelines 54
11.4 Commissioning of non-flammable permanent gas pipelines 54
11.5 Commissioning of flammable and toxic substances which are gases at ambient
temperature 54
11.6 Deferred commissioning 55
11.7 Communications 55
12 Operations and maintenance 55
12.1 General 55
12.2 Basic requirements for maintenance and operations procedures 56
12.3 Operating instructions 56
12.4 Communication arrangements 56
12.5 Inspection and monitoring 57
12.6 Pipeline surveillance 57
12.7 Inspection surveys 58
12.8 Cathodic protection 58
12.9 Risk categories 59
12.10 Pipeline repairs 60
12.11 Pipeline modifications 61
12.12 Documentation control 61
13 Health, safety and environment (HSE) 62

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 SS 512 : 2005

Page

13.1 General 62
13.2 Conceptual activities 62
13.3 Front end engineering design (FEED) 66
13.4 Detailed design 67
13.5 Construction 67
13.6 Radiography 70
13.7 Pre-commissioning and testing 71
13.8 Handover and commissioning 72
13.9 Operations and maintenance 73
13.10 Operating procedures 77
13.11 Maintenance procedures 77
13.12 Emergency preparedness 78
13.13 Decommissioning and removal 79
13.14 Pollution control 80
13.15 Leak containment 81
14 Documentation control and records 81
14.1 General 81
14.2 Document requirements 81
14.3 Document control 82
14.4 Records 82
14.5 Electronic forms 82
14.6 Drawings 82

ANNEXES

A Examples of hazard register and qualitative risk matrix 84

B Guidelines for Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) study (for installations which
store, transport or use hazardous substances) 86
C Conceptual health, safety and environmental evaluation for pipelines 94
D Construction safety management system – statutory requirements 96
E Code of practice on safety management system for the chemical industry 97
F Preparation of Emergency Response Plans (ERPs) to deal with accidents
involving hazardous chemicals in hazardous installations 98
G Abbreviations 104

TABLES

1 Colour coding 36
2 Inspection control and documentation 50
3 Description of different class locations 57

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Page

4 Maximum inspection intervals (based upon the ‘classes’ API 570) 58

5 Examples of pipeline inspection and monitoring methods 59
6 Records and documentation 83

FIGURES

1 Pipeline interfaces 16
2 Pipeline regulatory approval process 18
3 Typical standards 20
4 Typical block diagram 22
5 Example of piping specification 25
6 Examples of pipe shoes to prevent wear on pipe and corrosion due to water
accumulation on piperack beam 27
7.1 Example of labeling with stickers directly on the pipeline 37
7.2 Example of pipeline labels 38
7.3 Example of label font size_________________________________________________ 39
8 Cathodic protection of buried pipeline using impressed currents __________________ 42
9 Typical configuration of a buried pipeline installation ___________________________ 46
10 Typical phases of a pipeline life cycle _____________ 63
11 Cold work permit and lockout/tagout sequence for pipleline maintenance _ ___________ 75

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 SS 512 : 2005

Foreword

The companies on Jurong Island are and will be linked to one another via a network of pipelines,
which will transverse a dedicated piece of land known as a ‘Pipeline Service Corridor’. These
pipelines serve as a vital artery, supplying feedstock and products from one plant to another.
Companies benefit from over-the-fence selling of products through this linked petroleum and
petrochemical cluster concept. This linked cluster concept is vital for the success of Singapore as a
chemicals hub.

However, in order for these pipelines to operate safely, it is necessary for consistent and appropriate
standards to be set. The Working Group under the guidance of the then Singapore Productivity and
Standards Board (PSB), now known as the Standards, Productivity and Innovation Board (SPRING
Singapore), and comprising Jurong Island companies, National University of Singapore, government
agencies and statutory boards, has developed the TR 6 : 2001 – Pipeline service corridors – Design,
construction and operation of pipeline service corridors in Singapore (the first of its kind Technical
Reference for pipeline service corridors).

The review of TR 6 : 2001 by the original Working Group was undertaken on 30 July 2003
subsequent to a two-year trial (pilot) implementation of the Technical Reference by the Working
Group.

It is the responsibility of this Working Group to review and elevate TR 6 : 2001 to a Singapore
Standard. This Singapore Standard is based on best industry practices and the appropriate existing
internationally accepted codes and standards such as ASME already in use in Singapore. This
Singapore Standard does not replace the need for appropriate experience and engineering
judgement.

This standard represents the collaborative relationship and collective responsibility among the
government agencies, statutory boards, companies, third party logistics companies and pipeline
service corridor owners and operators to maintain and enhance the health, safety and environment on
Jurong Island. The publication of this Singapore Standard is also a strong demonstration of the
commitment by professionals in the chemical and supporting industries to set high standards for the
continuing development of the chemical industry in Singapore.

Annex E specifies the safety management system for the purpose of ensuring the safety, and
protecting the health and welfare of persons employed in the factory.

The list of abbreviations used in this standard are given in Annex G.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this Singapore Standard may be the
subject of patent rights. SPRING Singapore shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all of
such patent rights.

NOTE

1. Singapore Standards are subject to periodic review to keep abreast of technological changes and new
technical developments. The revisions of Singapore Standards are announced through the issue of
either amendment slips or revised editions.

2. Compliance with a Singapore Standard does not exempt users from legal obligations.

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SS 512 : 2005

Code of practice for the design, construction and operation of

pipeline service corridors

1 Scope
This code of practice sets down the engineering and management system requirements in the design,
construction and operation of pipeline service corridors in Singapore. This Code is applicable only for
new piperacks/pipetracks in existing pipeline service corridors or new pipeline service corridors.

2 Purpose
To provide guidelines, building upon and referencing internationally accepted codes, to achieve
consistent performance standards in the design, construction and safe operation of pipeline service
corridors. These corridors will include pipelines for feedstock and finished products as well as utility
services in Singapore.

3 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this standard. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.

API 570 Piping inspection code

Inspection, repair, alteration, and rerating of in-service piping systems
API PUBL 581 Base resource document on risk-based inspection
API RP 1102 Steel pipelines crossing railroads and highways
API RP 2201 Safe hot tapping practices in the petroleum and petrochemical industries
API RP 2220 Improving owner and contractor safety performance
API RP 520 Sizing, selection and installation of pressure-relieving devices in refineries.
Part 1 : Sizing and selection
Part 2 : Installation
API RP 521 Guide for pressure relieving and depressurising systems
API RP 571 Damaged mechanisms affecting fixed equipment in the refining industry
API RP 574 Inspection practices for piping system components
API RP 580 Risk-based inspection
API RP 750 Management of process hazards
API RP STD 526 Flanged steel pressure relief valves
API SPEC 15HR High pressure fiberglass line pipe
API SPEC 15LE Polyethylene line pipe (PE)
API SPEC 15LR Specification for low pressure fiberglass line pipe
API SPEC 5L Specification for line pipe
API SPEC 6A Specification for wellhead and Christmas tree equipment
API SPEC 6D Specification for pipeline valves

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