Introduction of Telemac-Mascaret

TELEMAC-MASCARET
System
An integrated tool
for environmental
CFD
Riadh ATA, Ing., Ph.D.
Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique &

Environnement
Laboratoire d’Hydraulique de Saint-
Venant
1 April 2nd , 2013

The Telemac system
Main characteristics O
N
•  Developed since 1987 at EDF R&D / LNHE

•  World distributed (first commercial with 200
licences, now freeware and open source)
•  FORTRAN 90/95, Perl, Python, MPI
•  Based on unstructured grids
•  Documentation and validation
Key features
•  FE or FV, Implicit schemes
•  Parallelism with domain decomposition
•  Dry zones
•  Open (user subroutines)
Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

A co-development strategy
A consortium of core members:
•  Electricité de France
•  Cetmef (Ministry of Equipment, France)
•  BundesAnstallt für WasserBau (Germany)
•  ARTELIA (ex Sogreah-France)
•  Hydraulic Research Wallingford (UK)
•  Daresbury Laboratory (UK)
And many others:
•  Deltares (ex Delft Hydraulics, Holland)

•  HydroQuebec, Centre Hydraulique Canadien,
•  S.H.O.M. (French Navy), IMFT, INRIA
•  Hannover, Stuttgart, Karlsruhe,… Universities (Ger)
•  Manchester, Bristol, Bangor,… Universities (UK)

COMPLETE OPEN SOURCE HYDROINFORMATIC SYSTEM
www.opentelemac.org
3,440 downloads (Feb. 2013)
BIEF FUDAA – PREPRO/ MATISSE/JANET/BLUE

Finite Elements Library RUBENS KENUE
BLUE KENUE/TECPLOT Mesh generator
PARAVIEW
Pre- and post-processors
I- Hydrodynamics modelling

A large range of studies: The protection of nuclear power
plants against inundation risk
2D model
Ø  Prescribed Scenario : Propagation of dam break
wave (Vouglans dam) on 100 year return flood
Ø  Global model of the Rhône valley (360 km)
Ø  Complex hydraulic with « chaining » of 1D / 2D

(Mascaret/Télémac) models
1D model
Local 1D model
Simulation features with storage areas
•  Large simulation domain 1D model with

•  Multi-dimensionnal coupling storage areas and
composed channel
•  Extreme flow - uncertainties
Local 1D model
with storage areas
6
MASCARET: 1D modeling system
Complete set of tools dedicated to the handle 1D – 1D ½ free surface flows in rivers
" Based on Shallow-water equations

" Finite differences kernels for transcritical steady flows and
unsteady subcritical flows
" Finite volumes kernel oriented mainly to dam break flows
" New developments :
Upgrading the FD kernel
"
Non hydrostatic terms

"
Kinetic schemes
"
" Tracer transport

" Finite volume scheme – Muscl
" Suspended cohesive sediment transport
" Graphic user interface GUI
« Fudaa-Mascaret »

Hydrodynamics TELEMAC-2D
What is it ?
•  Shallow water equations (Saint-Venant)
•  Boussinesq equations
•  Meshes of triangles
•  FV and FE kernels
•  Dry zones
•  Turbulence models
•  Tracers (temperature, pollutants, etc.)
•  Oil Spill
•  Weirs
•  Culverts
•  Bridges
•  Sources and sinks
•  Open boundary conditions
Hydrodynamics TELEMAC-2D(cont’d)
Tidal prediction
and storm surge
simulation
Main objectives
•  Navigation safety
•  Harbour design and coastal defence
•  Flooding in estuaries and coasts
•  Designing marine current turbines
•  Pollutant advection
•  etc.

Example:
M2 wave in
the Channel

Storm surge: definition
The storm surge is the difference
between measured and predicted
(tidal) water level. It is due to :
•  Wind friction on water surface
•  Variations in atmospheric pressure
… and can reach easily 1 to 3 m.
Validation are made from data

Observed
predicted provided by the French Navy
Tsunami simulation
Lisbon Tsunami

Flooding in Gironde estuary
Context
On December 27th 1999, an extreme
storm occurred in France, with wind
peaks reaching 160 km/h. The Gironde
Dordogne estuary was subject to intensive surges
Garonne and waves, flooding a large area
Elevation at
Blayais
power plant
Elevation at
estuary mouth

Would be flooding at Saint-Malo
Finite element mesh

(56000 elements)

© SOGREAH
2D Flow modelling in the vicinity of Cruas nuclear power
plant
Area considered Mean size of the mesh (m) Mean size of the mesh (m)
Fine mesh Medium-sized mesh
In the intake channel and near
channel entrance and exit 2 4
In Rhône river close to the NPP 5 10

In the remaining part of Rhône river 20 40
medium-sized mesh
Medium-
Fine mesh
sized mesh
Nodes 150 000 40 000
Meshes 300 000 78 000

Velocity near the channel entrance
velocity (m/s)
Recirculation area,
low currents
Observations similar to
those of the measurement
campaign
Downstream
current
(south-
southwest)
10bis
Strong incoming
current
Accumulation area
caused by the
strong currents
Rhône flow rate : 2900 m3/s

Modelling marine turbines
F h
S
A
Copyright MCT
Head loss for submerged structures: FStructures = −

τ
=−
S
CD U U
ρh 2hA

Real life test in Paimpol-Bréhat: a set of 4 turbines
Numerical model with

a coefficient 95 tide (Telemac-2D)
Dam break and river
flood modelling
Main objectives
•  Conception of dams and river
waterworks
•  Forecasting for population safety
•  Protection of industrial areas
•  Damage estimation
•  River basin management
•  etc.

Malpasset dam break
Malpasset dam, 48 million m3, broke on 2

December 1959, there was 433 casualties.
Dam for irrigation, not EDF property

Malpasset dam break

Flood in river Loire near Dampierre
Animation

Vouglans dam
Context
The Bugey nuclear power plant,
located on the Rhône, is protected
against severe floods combined
Animation with a possible failure of the
Vouglans dam on the Ain river.

Dyke break on river Rhône (study by Compagnie Nationale du Rhône)

Telemac-3D
•  Navier-Stokes equations
•  Meshes of prisms (superimposed 2D meshes)
•  Hydrostatic and Non hydrostatic
•  Free surface
•  Dry zones, turbulence models
•  Tracers (temperature, pollutants, sediment)
•  Active and passive tracers
•  MPI-based parallelism

Specific Items for 3D
Easy + free
"   2D model (Saint-Venant ) 3D (Navier-Stokes)
"   2D mesh extruded in the vertical direction

"   Different ways for mesh extrusion (key word : MESH

TRANSFRMATION)
"   = 1 : σ, equi-distant planes
"   = 2 : σ, user-defined repartition

of planes (routine CONDIM.f)
"   = 3 : σ, with some fixed planes,

(routine CONDIM.f

Example: lock exchange

Thermal plume in an estuary
Methodology:
a 3D model inside a 2D one
2D model
tide
Schematic view
Free surface of an outlet
Discharge of rivers
Layer i+1
Layer i
Prescribed discharge
and temperature
bottom

3D simulation of tidal currents in Fundy Bay in Canada
(Canadian Hydraulic Center)

Thermal plume in an estuary
3D view of Blayais thermal plume
Increase of temperature at the free surface

(mean neap tide) at Flamanville with EPR
Respect des contraintes fixées

-  maximum
par la heating at 50 m of intake and coast: 0.3°C
réglementation
-  maximum heating at intake and coast < 1°C
3 Tranches
Evolution of salinity in the Berre lagoon
* Influence of releases of Saint Chamas power Salinity in Caronte canal between 17

plant salinity and discharges in the Caronte canal November and 2 December 2005
* Designing scenarii for releases

Marine and river

pollution
Main objectives
•  Heat transfer in oceans and rivers
•  Pollutant advection and diffusion for water quality
•  Oil spill pollution
•  Behaviour of algae and micro-organisms
•  etc.

Pollutant dilution in Bouznika bay
Goal of the study © SOGREAH

To estimate the caracteristic
time scale (i.e. number of
tidal cycles) required for a
natural evacuation of a
pollutant in a coastal basin.
Dirty water
Clean water

II- Offshore and near-shore wave
modelling

Offshore and near-shore wave
Modelling (cont’d)
Main objectives
•  Wave forecasting for coastal design
•  Extreme wave prediction for navigation and
people safety
•  Conception of offshore platforms and wind
turbines
•  etc.

Wave modelling ARTEMIS

Wave modelling TOMAWAC
Generation by wind Spectral approach
Energy density of waves: E(fr,θ,x,y,t)

Action density: N(fr,θ,x,y,t) = E / 2πρgfr
Waves in the Atlantic ocean
Hs
Hs
Tm
θm
Simulation of
the last weeks Hs
of 1999
Tm
+ + Observed
---- Simulation
θm
Penly nuclear power plant water intake
Coupling of Tomawac (wave generation by wind)

and Artemis (Berkhoff equation) to get wave height
in the intake channel

III-Sediment transport and morphodynamics

Sediment transport and morphodynamics
Main objectives
•  Sand transport in oceans, coastal erosion,
shoreline behaviour
•  Turbidity in rivers and estuaries for water quality
studies
•  High mud transport rates during floods
•  Morphodynamics of rivers, river meandering
•  etc.

Dumping of dredged sediment
Sediments removed in harbours must be released offshore with a

minimum environmental impact
Clap19: t = 6s
Frame 001 ⏐ 10 Sep 2002 ⏐ first try 1
0.2 Clap18: t = 4s 0 Con

0.5 m/s
0.1
-0.1
-0.2
Z (m)
Concentration (g/l)
-0.3 40.5
36.0556
Z (m)
31.6111
-0.4
27.1667 -0.5
22.7222
-0.5 18.2778
13.8333
-0.6 9.38889
4.94444
-0.7 0.5
-0.8
-0.9
-1
-0.5 -0.25 0 0.25 0.5 -1
X (m) -2 -1 0 1 2
X (m)

Telemac-2D and Sisyphe coupled
Morphodynamics in Gironde estuary

IV-Groundwater flows
Advection and diffusion of
pollutants

« Artist view » of waste disposal field for graphite-gaz reactors (UNGG)
Groundwater flows modelling ESTEL2D/3D (cont’d)
ü  Stockage
Of radioactive waste
[FAVL/HAVL]
Subsurface Stockage
Stockage HAVL (Architecture ANDRA)
Risk assessment
Transfert within
vadose zones
(upper layer of the
ground ~ 1 to 6m)
Bugey nuclear powerplant

o  Richards equations and Darcy low

o  Saturated or unsaturated ground
o  2D unstructured or 3D tetrahedra unstructured meshes
o  Specific homemade pre and postprocessing tools
o  Complex geomtries

Coupling TELEMAC2D-ESTEL3D:
o  Ongoing developments with Bristol university
o  Transient unsaturated flows
o  For real applications with transfert river-ground
o  coupling hydrology-free surface flow-groundwater flows
Applications :
o  Floods influenced by groundwater
o  Ecology of complex hydraulic systems
o  Geochemestry (in case of pollution)

q  HYDROGEOLOGY
FE Discretizations [P0/P1/P1-DISC]
q  TRANSPORT
SUPG (FEM) / CVFE (FE on dual mesh)
Lagrangian Methods (RWPT)

Stocking of Weakly active Waste coming from Uranium/Graphite reactors
30m
15m Couvercle
Stockage
40m
Roche
Particle Distribution
after 5000 years
10m Aquifère

V- Lagrangian and particle-based
modelling

Lagrangian Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics
SPH
For complex problems out of
reach of mesh based CFD
•  complex free surface flows
•  multi-phase flows
•  fluid-structure interactions
Aims:
•  Dimensioning dykes
•  Designing spillways

Particle based lagrangian method (SPARTACUS) (cont’d)
Schematic dam break

3 D model
2 D model
Experiment

Particle based lagrangian method (SPARTACUS) (cont’d)
Comparison with measurements

Fish pass
Modelling turbulence and flows in a fish pass
85000 particles, 150000 iterations 6-7 days of CPU time

VI- Parallelism (LNHE/IBM/SINETICS)
q  MPI based
q Scalability [1;∞] CPU

q  Multi-platform Implémentation (Personal
PC, clusters , BlueGene)
q Specific implementation for Lagrangian
methods
q  e.g. : Modelisation M27 – 107particles –
2048 CPU (BlueGene/L) x

Website and documentation
www.opentelemac.org
Documents
q  User manual
q  Reference manual
q  Validation manual
q  Principle manual

www.opentelemac.org
Documents
q  User manual

Published in March 2007
Wiley & sons

http://eu.wiley.com
377 pages

6
www.opentelemac.org
Documents
q  User manual

Thank you for your time

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TELEMAC-MASCARET

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique &

1 April 2nd , 2013

• Developed since 1987 at EDF R&D / LNHE

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

And many others:

• Deltares (ex Delft Hydraulics, Holland)

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

BIEF FUDAA – PREPRO/ MATISSE/JANET/BLUE

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

Ø Global model of the Rhône valley (360 km)

Ø Complex hydraulic with « chaining » of 1D / 2D

• Large simulation domain 1D model with

" Based on Shallow-water equations

Non hydrostatic terms

" Tracer transport

" Graphic user interface GUI

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

Validation are made from data

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

Finite element mesh

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

In Rhône river close to the NPP 5 10

Nodes 150 000 40 000

Meshes 300 000 78 000

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

Rhône flow rate : 2900 m3/s

Head loss for submerged structures: FStructures = −

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

Numerical model with

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

Malpasset dam, 48 million m3, broke on 2

Dam for irrigation, not EDF property

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

" Different ways for mesh extrusion (key word : MESH

" = 1 : σ, equi-distant planes

" = 2 : σ, user-defined repartition

" = 3 : σ, with some fixed planes,

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

3D view of Blayais thermal plume

Increase of temperature at the free surface

Respect des contraintes fixées

* Influence of releases of Saint Chamas power Salinity in Caronte canal between 17

* Designing scenarii for releases

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

Marine and river

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

Goal of the study © SOGREAH

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement

Energy density of waves: E(fr,θ,x,y,t)

•  Developed since 1987 at EDF R&D / LNHE

•  Deltares (ex Delft Hydraulics, Holland)

Ø  Global model of the Rhône valley (360 km)

Ø  Complex hydraulic with « chaining » of 1D / 2D

•  Large simulation domain 1D model with

"   Different ways for mesh extrusion (key word : MESH

"   = 1 : σ, equi-distant planes

"   = 2 : σ, user-defined repartition

"   = 3 : σ, with some fixed planes,

o  Richards equations and Darcy low

q Scalability [1;∞] CPU