Chapter-24-Integrals Important Points Indefinite Integr If fre )=/(e), then F(z) is called an antiderivative or # primitive of f(x). If F(e) is an ie antiderivative of f(x) and C is any constant then /(x)~C is called an indefinite integral of ‘J(c) with respect to x. It is denoted by J f(x)dr- f(x) is called the integral and C the constant of integration. Propertie: Dv JU)+ eb )ide= | pdae~ | ebeldr 2) far (ekex=K] f(<\deqwttione b is a real constant. Some basic integrals: 6) 1D 8) 9) [mcerancic free narotanere Jcosectxdx=—cotx+C fscextanxax=seex +10) fosecxcotxdx=—cosece+C 11) framxax-togsecx|+C 12) f cotxax=logsina| + 19) fseexae=togsece-+tamxj+¢ = toga E a] 14) feosecxax=lodeoseex —cotx| +cIntegration by substitution: 1. To evaluate integrals of the form f ‘slax+0\txc where a+0, put ax+b=u. Then we get tte dua and so f flax+ syie=2 J s(jiu. Therefore flor ayrar=t stl” 5c if wet fsinlax+ 6)tx=— coax 6)+C nel a and go on 2. Integrals of the form f r(g(x))g'(x)te can be simplified by the substitution (x)=. Then du= ae ai(xjex and f ple(e))e'(x)er=[ rlulau. Therefore a [ibe log f(x] +€ ) [OCS reju- Le at Gfn#-1) 3. Integrals of the form te ) J — a p : lemme Put /pesq=r 9 [4 ) (ox? +ox+c\ipx+g Put /pxtg-r a a@ ae (taal inte (p,a40). Put prt gat