9

INDUSTRIAL ARTS:
ELECTRONICS
(ASSEMBLE AND DISASSEMBLE
CONSUMER ELECTRONIC
PRODUCT AND SYSTEM)
Learner’s Material

This instructional material was collaboratively

developed and reviewed by educators from public and
private schools, colleges, and/or universities. We
encourage teachers and other education stakeholders
to email their feedback, comments, and
recommendations to the Department of Education at
action@deped.gov.ph.

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education
Republic of the Philippines
Technology & Livelihood Education – Grade 9
Industrial Arts: Electronics - (Assemble and Disassemble
Consumer Electronic Product and System)
Learner’s Material
First Edition, 2014

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
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Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
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ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Br. Armin A. Luistro FSC

Undersecretary: Dina S. Ocampo, Ph.D.

Development Team of the Learner’s Material

Consultants: Rosendo R. Rafael, Howard Mark N. Plete and Clodualdo V. Paiton
Authors: Cris F. Diñozo Marvin A. Mendoza

Editor: Lando T. Guzman

Reviewers: Dr. Orlando E. Manuel, Dr. Fely L. Manuel, Dr. Romeo R. Vicmudo,
Merham N. Abelardo, Arnel C. Anonical, Joel G. Castillo,
Marvin A. Mendoza, and Lino A. Olit
Illustrator:
Subject Specialists: Albert B. Erni, James Julius M. Liquigan,
Owen M. Milambiling
Management Team: Jocelyn DR Andaya, Bella O. Mariñas
and Jose D. Tuguinayo Jr.

Department of Education-Instructional Materials Council Secretariat

(DepEd-IMCS)
Office Address: 5th Floor Mabini Building, DepEd Complex
Meralco Avenue, Pasig City
Philippines 1600
Telefax: (02) 634-1054 or 634-1072
E-mail Address: imcsetd@yahoo.com
 Table of Contents

ASSEMBLE AND DISASSEMBLE CONSUMER

ELECTRONIC PRODUCT AND SYSTEM

Introduction .......................................................................................................................1
Pre/Diagnostic Assessment ..........................................................................................1
Information Sheet 1.1 .....................................................................................................2
Self-Check 1.1 ...................................................................................................................4
Information Sheet 1.2 .....................................................................................................5
Self-Check 1.2...................................................................................................................9
Information Sheet 1.3 ...................................................................................................10
Self-Check 1.3.................................................................................................................12
Activity Sheet 1.1 ...........................................................................................................13
Self-Check 1.1 .................................................................................................................15
Activity Sheet 1.2 ...........................................................................................................16
Self-Check 1.2.................................................................................................................18
Activity Sheet 1.3 ...........................................................................................................19
Self-Check 1.3.................................................................................................................20
Pre/Diagnostic Assessment .......................................................................................21
Information Sheet 2.1...................................................................................................22
Self-Check 2.1.................................................................................................................23
Activity Sheet 2.1 ...........................................................................................................24
Self-Check 2.1.................................................................................................................26
Summative Assessment ................................................................................................27
 ASSEMBLE AND DISASSEMBLE CONSUMER
ELECTRONIC PRODUCT AND SYSTEM

Content Standard Performance Standard

The learner demonstrates The learner independently assembles
understanding of principles in AC/DC power supply in accordance
assembling AC/DC power supply. with manufacturer’s specification.

INTRODUCTION:

This lesson contains information and learning activities in preparing

materials, tools, equipment, workplace and parts needed for assembling a power
supply. Additionally, for a clear understanding in assembling electronic product,
this lesson also contains information and learning activities in designing and
etching of printed circuit board (PCB), proper mounting and soldering of
components on PCB and auxiliary parts, and circuit tracing for interconnection of
all parts of the circuit.

Learning activities in the inspection and testing of finished ac/dc power

supply are included to comply with the standard operating procedure. There are
forms to accomplish for proper documentation.

PREPARE TOOLS AND MATERIALS FOR ASSEMBLY

 Check required tools, equipment and materials

 Prepare tools and materials according to job requirements

PRE/DIAGNOSTIC ASSESSMENT

Directions: Read each statement carefully and select the letter of the correct
answer. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. It refers to a hand tool that is used in holding, gripping, and cutting of soft
and fine wires in assembling electronic circuit?
A. Pliers B. Scissor C. Tweezers D. Vise grip

2. In a bridge-type rectifier circuit, there are four terminal joints. Select the one
that could give a DC+ output.
A. Anode-Cathode B. Infinite
C. Two Anode D. Two Cathode

3. In a bridge-type rectifier circuit, there are four terminal joints. Select the
one that could give a DC - output.
A. Anode-Cathode B. Infinite
C. Two Anode D. Two Cathode

4. In a bridge-type rectifier circuit, there are four terminal joints. Select the one
that is connected to one of the AC output of transformer.
A. Anode-Cathode B. None
C. Two Anode D. Two Cathode

1
5. It is the positive electrode of a device and the “P” material of a diode.
A. Anode B. Bridge-type Rectifier
C. Cathode D. Full wave rectifier circuit

6. It refers to a circuit using four diodes that provides full wave

rectification.
A. Anode B. Bridge-type Rectifier
C. Cathode D. Full-wave rectifier circuit

7. It is the copper clad designed, etched and bored to which components are
inserted into the hole and soldered to form its circuit connection.
A. Breadboard B. Printed Circuit Board
C. Strip board D. Terminal

8. It is a process where the unnecessary copper is removed to leave the

individual tracks or connections of the circuit.
A. Boring B. Desoldering
C. PCB etching D. Soldering

9. It is a chemical solution that liquefies the uncovered surfaces of the designed

copper clad board that creates a PCB.
A. Alcohol B. Ferric Chloride
C. Gasoline D. Lacquer thinner

10. What is the stage of the power supply that reduces the amount of ripple
voltage and smoothen the pulsating DC output voltage of rectifier circuit?
A. Bleeder B. Filter circuit
C. Rectifier circuit D. Step-down transformer

INFORMATION SHEET 1.1

TOOLS AND MATERIALS IN ASSEMBLING POWER SUPPLY

In every electronic work, it is a must to prepare the necessary tools,

materials, and equipment needed as well as the information. The following list
of tools, materials, and equipment are needed in assembling AC/DC power
supply:

Name Actual Picture

Soldering tools:
Soldering iron
Soldering lead
Desoldering tool
Soldering stand

2
Screwdriver
1. Flat head
2. Philip
1. 2.
1.
Pliers 2.
1. Diagonal
cutting pliers
2. Long nose
pliers
1. 2.
1. Wire stripper
2. Utility knife

Boring tools
Mini drill with
power supply
Drill bit (in
proportion
with terminals of
component)

Multitester/ Volt-
Ohm-Milliammeter
(VOM)
Analog

Copper clad
Sand paper
Pencil and paper
Ruler
Masking tape
Cleaning brush
Cleaning agent
Permanent marker

AD/DC power supply

kit must include the
following
components:
1 pc Step-down
transformer
(750mA, multi-
secondary:
3v, 4.5v, 6v, 9v,
12v)
4 pcs Rectifier
diode

3
 (IN4001)
1 pc Capacitor
(1,000uF/16v)
1 pc Resistor (
1KΩ 1/4w))
Wires
(1 m #22 solid/
1 m #18 stranded)
1 pc Rotary switch
(2 poles 5
positions)
2 pcs Alligator clip
(1 red & 1 black)
AC cord w/plug
Rubber grommet
Fuse with holder
(.5 A)
Chassis/
compartment

Personal Protective
Equipment
EDS wrist strap
Mask
Apron

Schematic Diagram
of AC/DC multi-
secondary
unregulated power
supply

SELF-CHECK 1.1
Tools and Materials in Assembling Power Supply

II. Familiarization: Identify the tools, materials and equipment in assembling

power supply as numbered. Write your answers on separate sheet.

1 2 3 4 5

4
 6 7 8 9 10

11 12 13 14 15

INFORMATION SHEET 1.2

AC-DC POWER SUPPLY

A power supply is the heart of all electronic

equipment. It converts AC input power from grid
line to DC output voltage (AC-DC). It supplies the
desired voltage and current in a circuit. Without
these, all electronic equipment will not function at
all.

A basic power supply consists of three basic stages: the power transformer
stage, rectifier stage, and filter stage. If there is a need to regulate the output
voltage, a regulator circuit is added.

Transformer Rectifier Filter

Stage Stage Stage

Block Diagram of AC-DC Power Supply

Transformer Rectifier Filter Regulato

Stage Stage Stage r
Stage

Block Diagram of AC-DC Regulated Power Supply

Transformer stage

In order to reduce the 220 volts/60 Hz power supply at our home, there is a
need for a step-down transformer. Most electronic circuits require a low-voltage
power supply in Direct Current (DC) form. The primary and secondary voltage,
current and power rating of a transformer is important thing to consider.

5
 Note that secondary voltage indicates the rated voltage. When the secondary
winding of a transformer has no load, the measured voltage must be 10% higher
than its rated voltage. This is the allowance for the voltage drop when loaded.
Types of Rectifier Circuit
There are two types of rectifier, Half-wave Rectifier and the Full-wave
Rectifier. Under a Full-wave rectifier, there are two types, the Center-tapped and
the Bridge Rectifier.
1. Half-wave Rectifier Circuit
One rectifier diode D1 and one load resistor RL are needed to
conduct one alteration in every cycle of small AC input.
Note: Compare the difference of the three circuits in your lecture:
a. Half-wave
b. Full-wave
b.1 Center-tapped
b.2 Bridge

Schematic Diagram of a Half-Wave Rectifier

2. Full-Wave Center-Tapped Rectifier Circuit

This type of circuit requires a center-tapped transformer, two rectifier

diodes, and a load resistor (RL). Each of the diode supplies one-half the DC
load current.

Schematic Diagram of a Full-Wave Center-Tapped Rectifier circuit

6
 3. Full-Wave Bridge Type Rectifier Circuit

Schematic Diagram of a Full-Wave Bridge Type Power Supply

The full-wave bridge type rectifier circuit uses four rectifier diodes D1, D2,
D3, D4 and a load resistor (RL). A center-tapped transformer is not necessary in
this circuit. This circuit can deliver a higher current range to the load because all
of the cycles are consumed by the four diodes.
The operation of this rectifier circuit is different from the Half-wave and Full-
wave center-tapped. The conduction of AC voltage starts from Line-A going to
Line-B.

Conduction of Diode in Full-Wave Bridge Type Rectifier Circuit

First Conduction

The negative half-cycle will be conducted to the cathode of diode D1, and
then thru the RL it will conduct to the cathode of diode D4 goes to Line-B. In this
case D1 and D4 are conducting.

First Conduction in a Full-wave Bridge Type Rectifier Circuit

Second Conduction
The positive half-cycle will be conducted to the anode of diode D2 and then
thru the RL, it will conduct to the anode of diode D3 goes to Line-B. In this case D2
and D3 are conducting.

Second Conduction in a Full Wave Bridge Type Rectifier Circuit

7
Characteristics of a Full-Wave Bridge Type Power Supply
a. Expensive
b. Needs a lower value of capacitance
c. Needs four rectifier diodes

Filter Stage

This stage of the power supply smoothen the pulsating DC output voltage of
rectifier circuit by reducing the amount of ripple voltage. It also provides the charge
voltage for the load while the rectifier diode is not conducting.
(+) +
Rectifier Filter
Stage Stage
(-) -

Ripple-Voltage is an AC component present in the DC output voltage of

rectifier circuit.

Basic Methods of Filtering

1. Simple Capacitor in Parallel

You can connect as many electrolytic capacitors in parallel as you want in

order to increase the amount of capacitance causing good filtering effects to DC
output. This is used for high current applications. The only disadvantage is
that it will occupy a bigger space.

Placing additional
capacitor in the output.

Filter Circuit

2. Filter with RC Circuit

This circuit is actually a resistor in series with the positive line together with
two bypass capacitors C1 and C2. It is good in lowering the DC voltage output.

Placing a resistor
in series with the
positive line can
cause voltage
drop.

Filter with RC Circuit

3. Filter with Inductor

This circuit has a good filtering effect to the pulsating DC output of the
rectifier. It uses minimal value of capacitance and it is good in low current

8
 and high current applications. The only disadvantage is that the inductor in
series with the positive line takes up big space in mounting it in the PCB.

The swing of inductance

causes the pulsating DC to
be filtered into its purest
DC form

Filter with Inductor

SELF-CHECK 1.2
AC-DC POWER SUPPLY

I. DIRECTIONS: Answer the following questions and write your answers on

separate sheets of paper.

1. How many stages do basic power supplies have?

2. What component do we need to use in a simple basic filtering stage?
3. Why is a bridge type rectifier the most expensive type of rectifier stage?
4. What stage of the power supply reduces the high AC input voltage to a lower
AC output voltage?
5. What stage of the power supply converts small AC voltage to pulsating DC
voltage?
6. How many basic methods of filtering do the filtering stages have?
7. How many types of rectifier circuits do basic power supplies have?
8. What stage of the power supply smoothens the pulsating DC into pure DC
output voltages?
9. How many diodes do full-wave center-tapped power supplies have?
10. Why is a half-wave rectifier the cheapest type of rectifier stage?

II. Directions: Draw the schematic diagram of bridge type rectifier circuit:
(for five points)

Criteria Points
Complete components/ correct connection/ with label/ correct symbols 5

Complete components/ correct connection/ no label/ correct symbols 4

Complete components/ correct connection/ no label/incorrect symbol 3

Complete components/ incorrect connection/ no label/incorrect 2

symbols
Complete components/ incorrect connection/ no label/incorrect 1
symbols

9
 INFORMATION SHEET 1.3
PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD OF AC-DC POWER SUPPLY

A Printed Circuit Board (PCB) is a copper clad designed (derived from

components connection on schematic diagram), etched and bored to which
components are inserted into the hole (substrate side) and soldered (copper side) to
form its circuit connection. Its main purpose is to reduce the space and to
troubleshoot easily when problem arises.

The copper clad has conductors that are thin strips of copper, usually bonded to
a baseboard called substrate. The two very common substrate materials used in
printed circuit are the phenolic and epoxy plastic.

Copper

Substrate

Copper Clad

PCB Etching is a process where unnecessary copper is removed to leave the

individual tracks or connections of the circuit. Buckets, bubble tanks, and spray
machines are tools used for various ways of etching. However, most firms currently
use high pressure conveyors spray equipment. Spray etching in fast. For example
Ammoniacal etching solutions can etch 55 microns of copper a minute and less
than 40 seconds to etch a standard 1 oz, 35 micron circuit board.

Copper side of manufactured PCB

Many different chemical solutions can be used to etch circuit boards ranging
from slow controlled speed etches used for surface preparation to the faster etches
used for etching the tracks. Some are best used in horizontal spray process
equipment while others are best used in tanks. Enchants for PTH work have to be
selective and be non-aggressive to tin / tin lead plating, which is used as the etch
resists. Copper etching, normally exothermic, requires high speed etching to carry
out solution cooling. This is normally done by placing titanium water cooling coils
into enchant.

Almost all etching solutions liberate toxic corrosive fumes. Extraction is

highly recommended. All enchants are corrosive and toxic mainly due to the high
metal content. Personal Protective Equipment (P.P.E.) must always be used. Used
solutions should always be disposed properly so that it won’t pollute local sewage
works and rivers.

10
Manufacturing Printed Circuit Board

In PCB designing, the focus should be on the types, kinds, and

characteristics of the component rather than the size of the pathways. Here are the
other design factors needed:

1. PCB size and shape. The PCB must be big enough for the entire
component to be mounted on a specific area.

2. Position of the Terminal. Input, output, and supply voltage should be

placed near the border to facilitate possible troubleshooting or minor
repair.

3. High Temperature Dissipation. Too much heat is the number one problem
of all components. Bigger space is needed so that heat sink (absorb heat
from the active component) can be provided to the component. This will
protect the component from burning up.

4. Accessibility of Components. Those components that are adjustable or

variable (example: potentiometer, trimmer resistor or capacitor) should be
placed near the border to facilitate possible troubleshooting or minor
repair.

5. Space for Bolt and Nut. The designer should place a good space for
mounting the PCB with bolt and nut in securing the entire board to the
chassis.

Different Types of Circuit Should be Grouped according to its Application. This

will enhance the circuit operation and will prevent it from distortion generated by
other circuits. This is the reason why the circuit of the power supply is far from the
audio circuit.

Printed circuit board etching

It is the removal of unnecessary portion or layer of conductive material (that

is copper) bonded to an insulating base called substrate. Ferric Chloride solution
liquefies the uncovered surfaces of the designed copper clad board that creates a
PCB through chemical reaction.

Designed Copper Clad Before Etching

Cover Surface
Copper Conductor
Substrate

Designed Copper Clad After Etching (PCB)

Cover Surface

Copper/Conductor
Substrate

11
Tools and Materials Needed In PCB Etching

1. Designed copper clad

2. Ferric Chloride- The quantity of ferric chloride solution will depend upon the
area of the PCB.
3. Plastic basin- It is where the ferric chloride filled during etching process.
4. Popsicle sticks (2 pieces)- It is used for hauling the designed PCB during the
etching process.
5. Old newspaper- It is placed under the plastic basin for the prevention of
accidental spill of chemical over the table.
6. Apron
7. Piece of Cloth
8. Plastic Varnish 1 bottle
9. Lacquer Thinner
10. Surgical Gloves
11. Knife or Cutter

SELF-CHECK 1.3
PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD OF AC-DC POWER SUPPLY

Directions: Read each statement and write the term being described in each
number on your answer sheet.

1. It is a board to which the electronic components is mounted and soldered.

2. It is the baseboard of a copper clad where the thin strip of copper are bonded.
3. It is a thin copper layer which is firmly bonded to an insulating base material
where the component’s terminals are soldered
4 -5. There are two types of substrate materials used in printed circuit.
6. It is one of the factors in designing a PCB to which the size of the entire
components are considered.
7. For easy troubleshooting, the place to put the source, input, and output
terminals in your PCB design.
8. It protects the component from burning up by absorbing the heat of active
components and must be provided enough space in designing process.
9. It is included in the design process in order to secure the PCB to the
chassis and space must be provided.
10. To enhance the circuit operation and prevent distortion, what should be done
in designing circuit?

Note: If you got all the answers right, that is an excellent mark. If you missed one or
more item/s, go back to information sheet 1.3, review the questions, and study them
more closely. Before you proceed to the next lesson you must get all the answers
right.

12
 ACTIVITY SHEET 1.1
DESIGNING AND PREPARING PCB OF AC-DC POWER SUPPLY

Directions: Given the resources needed, the students will design and prepare a
PCB of AC-DC Power Supply individually by following the procedures given. After
the activity, the students output will be graded through the given Performance
Check.

Resources:

Electronic hand tools Materials

Soldering Iron Cleaning brush

Desoldering tool Soldering lead

Screwdriver (Flat/and Philip) Cleaning agent

Wire stripper/Utility knife Wires (Stranded/Solid )

Mini drill (with drill bit ) with adaptor Pre-design Printed Circuit Boards
(+12VDC supply) (PCB)-copper clad
Plier (Diagonal cutter/Long nose) Sand paper

Electronic equipment/instrument Metal polish and eraser

High grade magnifying glass with AC-DC power supply kit (1.5 – 12
lamp volts variable power supply)
Drawing instrument Pencil and paper
Analog multi tester (voltmeter/VOM) Permanent marker and ruler

Masking tape and cutter

These are the list of tools, equipment, and materials necessary in designing
and preparing a PCB of AC-DC power supply using permanent marker or masking
tape:
Procedures in Preparing the Layout Diagram in the PCB
1. Prepare the schematic diagram of the circuit.

Schematic Diagram of AC/DC Power Supply

Note: The circuit with dotted lines is subject for PCB design.

13
2. Prepare a first draft for the arrangement of components considering the
given size of copper clad( 1”x2”).

Note: Actual size of the component should be adapted for component arrangement
and mounting. (Illustrations below are just a sample; you can make your own
layout of components.)

3. Interconnect each component based on the schematic diagram given.

Components Placement Guide

Note: Observe correct connections/ polarity in doing this.

3.1. Double-check the connection.

4. Finalize the arrangement/ orientation of

components. Interconnect the components for
the final design.

5. Trace the reverse side of the designed PCB

by using a carbon paper and mark it on the
copper side of the clad board.

6. Use a high point permanent marker for

marking. Do the marking three times.

14
7. Using masking tape, cover the entire copper
side and transfer the design on it. Cut the
design and leave the transferred design.

Note: Be careful not to shorten each line marking.

Characteristics of Good PCB Design – 4C’s

1. Clean. It should be clean so that the representation of the schematic

diagram is easy to mark and easy to troubleshoot.
2. Compressed. Reducing the size for space saving in chassis.
3. Creative in Design. There is a pattern or image when it is created.
4. Consistency in Component. The components should be well arranged in
group.

SELF- CHECK 1.1

Designing and Preparing PCB of AC-DC Power Supply

Directions: Read the criteria in the box and check the box if you performed the
item. A check is equivalent to one point.

Criteria Performed

1. A schematic diagram of the circuit is shown/prepared.

2. The components are arranged accordingly.

3. Each component is interconnected based on the schematic
diagram.
4. Traced/Transferred the design using permanent marker or
masking tape.
5. PCB design with the 4 C’s (clean, compressed, creative and
consistent) on the component side was produced?

5 Yes Remarks Excellent

4 Yes Remarks Very Satisfactory
3Yes Remarks Satisfactory
2 Yes Remarks Needs
1 Yes Remarks Improvement

Student’s Signature______________________ Date ______________

Teacher’s Signature______________________ Date ________________

15
 ACTIVITY SHEET 1.2
PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD ETCHING

Directions: Given the resources needed, perform the procedure in PCB Etching to
produce a PCB of AC-DC power supply (rectifier circuit). The students will
perform individually. They will be guided by the procedure/steps given in PCB
etching. Observe safety at all times. Students will be rated through
Assessment Checklist 1.1.2. Each student will be given 20 minutes. Etching
could be done simultaneously.

Resources:
Before proceeding, the students should prepare the following:

Pre-design Printed Circuit Board (PCB) Piece of Cloth

Ferric Chloride Plastic Varnish
Plastic basin Lacquer Thinner
Popsicle sticks (2 pieces) Surgical Gloves
Old newspaper Knife or Cutter
Apron Goggles
Mask

Steps in PCB Etching

1. Prepare the necessary tools and materials needed in PCB etching.

2. Wear your apron, surgical gloves, goggles and mask in order to prevent
accidental splash of the solution on your clothes, eyes or on your skin. Make sure
the area is well ventilated because the chemicals will produce hazardous fumes.
3. Pour the ferric chloride in the plastic basin.

Ferric Chloride

Chloride
Plastic
Basin

4. Etch the PCB by immersing it in a basin filled with ferric chloride until
the uncovered part of the copper clad is totally etched.
PCB

5. After 10 - 15 minutes, check the PCB if all the parts needed to be removed
are totally etched (using the two popsicle sticks in hauling). If there are still
unnecessary copper, return it into the plastic basin filled with ferric chloride

16
 and check it again after 3 – 5 minutes.
6. Haul the PCB from the plastic basin and wash with running water to remove
the remaining etching solution and other residues.
7. Dry PCB with a clean piece of cloth.
8. Pour a little amount of lacquer thinner on a clean dry piece of cloth and wipe
the markings of the permanent marker in the copper clad.
(Note: In doing this, you should still wear surgical gloves.)
9. Aided by bright light, inspect the PCB for possible hairline break or short. If
there is a hairline path between the copper conductors, cut it by a knife or
cutter. If there is a break between the copper conductors, solder it.

10. Apply plastic varnish to the newly etched PCB to prevent corrosion or rust,
and let it dry for a couple of minutes.

Techniques in correcting PCB Hairline Break or Short

A. Hairline Break. It is an open copper foil in the Printed Circuit Board.
Most of the time, this is due to improper PCB designing or etching. To
eliminate the hairline break, just place a hook up wire and solder it.

B. Hairline Short in the PCB Conductor arises if the Printed Circuit Board
designing or etching is done improperly. To eliminate the hairline short, cut it
with a knife.

17
 SELF-CHECK 1.2
PCB ETCHING

Directions: Rate yourself on how competently you have applied the skill in PCB
Etching using the criteria below by checking on the appropriate box (points 1
to 5, 5 being the highest). Compute for the rating by dividing each item by 5,
multiply by 100. Average the rating of the six criteria to get the final rating.

Points
Criteria Rating
5 4 3 2 1
Workmanship
Use of Tools
Use of Personal Protective Equipment
SPEED
House Keeping
Finished Design
Total

Criteria Description
Followed the steps accordingly/ Less 1 point for every
Workmanship missed procedure.
Used tools/ materials in right task/ Less 1 point for
Use of Tools every misused.

Use of Personal Used PPE during the whole activity/ Less 1 point for
Protective Equipment every forgotten instances

Finished within the time/ Less 1 point for every five

SPEED minutes delay
The workplace is clean before, during and after the
House Keeping activity/ Less 1 point for every dirt observed
Neat and presentable output and / Less 1 point for
Finished Design every unusual marks at the output

Rating System for Self- Check 1.2

Score Descriptive Grade

96-100 Excellent
86-95 Very good
81-85 Good
75-80 Fair
70-74 Poor

Student’s Signature______________________ Date ______________

Teacher’s Signature______________________ Date ________________

18
 ACTIVITY SHEET 1.3
BORING ETCHED PCB OF AC/DC POWER SUPPLY

Directions: Given the resources needed, perform the operation/procedure in

boring the designed PCB of AC-DC power supply. Follow the procedure and
observe safety precautions at all times. The students will be graded according
to the output (finished product) using rubrics.

Resources:

 Tools and Materials

- Mini Drill
- PCB (designed and etched PCB of AC/DC power supply)
- Piece of wood
- Mini Drill with power supply and bit(in proportion with
components terminal)
- Varnish

Procedure in Boring Etched PCB of AC/DC Power Supply

1. Mini Drill Setup

1.1 Loosen the chuck by using a precision screwdriver and change
the drill bit. This is done in a counter clockwise movement.

1.2 Insert the drill bit 1mm diameter in size and attach it to the chuck
of the unit.
1.3 Turn the precision screwdriver clockwise to tighten the jaw of the
unit. Be sure that the drill bit is well secured on the chuck.
1.4 Before inserting the 12 volts adaptor, you should turn off the unit.
1.5 Test the rotation of the unit if it is well aligned. If not, align it
following steps no. 1 and 2.

2. How to Use a Mini Drill

To control the unit, hold the mini drill at the lower part and firmly
position your arm. Then with the mini drill held perpendicularly to your
work surface, lightly press downward to the holes to be drilled in the PCB

19
 but be sure that the PCB has a piece of wood under it to avoid damaging the
table. With practice, you will be able to get the procedure correctly.

3. Boring Procedure

1. Mark where the holes are to be drilled. This is to ensure proper

location of holes for the components terminal. Carefully mark the
holes to be drilled with a pointed object.

2. Using mini drill bore hole perpendicularly to the surface of the PCB
with arrow marking.
3. Clean the surface of the PCB and look for open line or short circuit.
4. Apply varnish on the clad surface to prevent it from corrosion.

SELF-CHECK 1.3
BORING ETCHED PCB OF AC/DC POWER SUPPLY

Directions: Rate yourself on how competent you have applied the skill in Boring
etched PCB using the criteria below by checking on the appropriate box
(points 1 to 5, 5 being the highest). Compute for the rating by dividing each
item by 5, multiply by 100. Average the rating of the six criteria to get the final
rating.
Points
Criteria Rating
5 4 3 2 1
Workmanship
Use of Tools
Use of Personal Protective Equipment
SPEED

20
 House Keeping
Finished Design
Total

Criteria Description
Followed the steps accordingly/ Less 1 point for every
Workmanship
missed procedure.
Used tools/ materials in right task/ Less 1 point for every
Use of Tools
misused.
Use of Personal Used PPE during the whole activity/ Less 1 point for every
Protective Equipment forgotten instances
Finished within the time/ Less 1 point for every five
SPEED
minutes delay
The workplace is clean before, during and after the activity/
House Keeping
Less 1 point for every dirt observed
Neat and presentable output and / Less 1 point for every
Finished Design
unusual marks at the output

Rating System for Self-Check 1.3

Score Descriptive Grade

96-100 Excellent
86-95 Very good
81-85 Good
75-80 Fair
70-74 Poor

Student’s Signature______________________ Date ______________

Teacher’s Signature______________________ Date ________________

SOLDER/ DESOLDER COMPONENTS TO THE BOARD

 Perform soldering and desoldering processes

 Check soldered products in accordance with quality standards.

PRE/DIAGNOSTIC ASSESSMENT

I. DIRECTIONS: Enumerate the materials and components being asked in each

number.

1. Electronic components in the PCB of unregulated power supply.(3pts)

2. Parts of unregulated power supply mounted in the chassis.(7pts)

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 INFORMATION SHEET 2.1
AUXILIARY AND ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS OF POWER SUPPLY

Internal Parts of AC/DC Multi-Secondary Unregulated Bridge-type

Power Supply

The internal parts of the power supply are shown in the figure below.

1. Transformer is a component that consists of two or more coils which are

coupled together by magnetic induction.
2. Fuse Holder & Fuse is used to protect the unit from any sudden short
circuit from the load or too much fluctuation of power from the line
source.
3. Bolt and nut is used to fix the PCB and other parts inside the chassis.
4. Rectifier Diode is an electronic device which only allows current to flow
in one Directions.
5. Printed Circuit Board (PCB) is a conductive pattern formed on one or
both sides of an insulating base by etching, plating or stamping. This
contain the components that comprises the bridge-type power supply
(diode, capacitor, resistor, and LED).
6. Electrolytic Capacitor is an electronic component that acts as a filter. It
removes ripples from the output of the rectifier circuit.
7. Resistor is a component that restricts the flow of current (eg. to limit the
current passing through the LED). It is used with a capacitor in a timing
circuit.
8. Rotary Switch is a switch that is operated by a rotating shaft and used to
select an output voltage available.

Auxiliary Components/ Parts of Power Supply

1. On-Off switch is used to turn on and off the circuit.

2. Fuse Holder & Fuse
3. AC Plug with Cord is used for connecting the 220V input voltage of the
power supply.
4. Rubber grommet is used to protect the output wire of the alligator clip.
5. Selector Knob is a plastic holder of the selector switch.
6. Neon Lamp is for 220V AC monitoring lamp.

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 7. LED Power Indicator is used to indicate that the power supply in “ON”
position.
8. Alligator Clips are used to connect the two-line output to the load.

SELF-CHECK 2.1
AUXILIARY AND ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS OF
POWER SUPPLY

I. Directions: Identify the parts of AC-DC Power Supply as numbered (1-10). Write
the answer on your answer sheet.

23
 ACTIVITY SHEET 2.1
MOUNTING AND SOLDERING COMPONENTS OF AC-DC POWER
SUPPLY

Directions: Using the given tools, supplies and materials, mount the
electronic components to the finished PCB and perform soldering
techniques to assemble rectifier circuit of an AC-DC power supply.
Read some information and follow the instruction/ procedures given.
Assessment checklist will be used to rate the performance.

Resources:
o Supplies and Materials
- Designed PCB
- Soldering Lead, 60/40
- 4 pcs. Rectifier diode- 1N4001
- Electrolytic capacitor – 3,300 uF/25V
- Jumbo LED with holder
- Resistor- 1KΩ, 5 watts
- Schematic diagram of AC/DC Bridge-type power supply
- Design of AC/DC Bridge-type power supply (copper side
and component placement guide)

o Tools and Equipment

- Soldering tools
- Pliers
AC/DC Unregulated Multi-secondary Power Supply

In all the basic electronic theories, power supply assembling is

the most common application. One of the reasons is that power
supply is always present or required in every electronics circuits. In
this activity, you are expected to apply all the knowledge and skills in
soldering techniques that have been learned.

Procedures:

1. Prepare all the materials/resources needed.

2. Clean the terminals of the components to be soldered and the copper side of
PCB.

24
3. Mount/ insert the terminals of the components in the PCB. Observe proper
connection and polarity in mounting and double check with the design
made.
4. With the proper mounting of components, solder the components
accordingly.
Note: Active components must be mounted last. Utmost care must also be
observed.
5. Cut the excess terminals of the components.
6. Check the solder and spaces between solder joints and lines for possible
short circuit.
7. Test the circuit using the multi-tester.
8. Observe proper mounting of components according to standard.

Working area set with tools, instrument and materials needed in mounting and
soldering components of ac-dc power supply.

Mounting of components

25
 SELF-CHECK 2.1
Mounting and Soldering Components of AC-DC Power Supply Project

Directions: Rate yourself on how competently you have applied the skill in PCB
Etching using the criteria below by checking on the appropriate box (points 1
to 5, 5 being the highest). Compute for the rating by dividing each item by 5,
multiply by 100. Average the rating of the six criteria to get the final rating.

Points
Criteria Rating
5 4 3 2 1
Workmanship
Use of Tools
Use of Personal Protective Equipment
SPEED
House Keeping
Finished Design
Total

Criteria Description
Followed the steps accordingly/ Less 1 point for every
Workmanship
missed procedure.
Used tools/ materials in right task/ Less 1 point for
Use of Tools
every misused.
Use of Personal Used PPE during the whole activity/ Less 1 point for
Protective Equipment every forgotten instances
Finished within the time/ Less 1 point for every five
SPEED
minutes delay
The workplace is clean before, during and after the
House Keeping
activity/ Less 1 point for every dirt observed
Neat and presentable output and / Less 1 point for
Finished Design
every unusual marks at the output

Rating System for Self-Check 2.1

Score Descriptive Grade

96-100 Excellent
86-95 Very good
81-85 Good
75-80 Fair
70-74 Poor

Student’s Signature______________________ Date ______________

Teacher’s Signature______________________ Date ______________

26
SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT
Directions: Read each statement carefully and write only the letter of the best
answer.

1. A tool used to join two or more metal parts by melting lead.

A. Screw Driver C. Long Nose Pliers
B. Soldering Iron D. Multi tester

2. A device used to measure voltage, current and resistance.

A. Ammeter C. Multi tester
B. Long nose pliers D. Screwdriver

3. A type of rectifier circuit which uses four diodes.

A. Half-Wave C. Full-Wave Center Tapped
B. Full-Wave D. Full-Wave Bridged

4. In PCB designing bigger space is required so that heat sink can be installed,
what design factor is being considered?
A. PCB size and shape.
B. Position of the terminal.
C. High Temperature Dissipation
D. Accessibility of Components.
E. Space for Bolt and Nut.

5. The removal of unnecessary portion or layer of conductive material of

PCB.
A. Boring/Drilling C. Soldering
B. Etching D. Tracing

6-10. Draw the block diagram of a regulated power supply.

Suggested Scoring Rubrics

CRITERIA SCORE
Complete blocks and symbol with labels. 5
With only one block or symbol or label missing 4
With two blocks or two symbols or two labels or any two 3
combinations missing.
With three blocks or three symbols or three labels or any three 2
combinations missing.
With four blocks or four symbols or four labels or any four 1
combinations missing.
No drawing. 0

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11-20. Explain the procedures in soldering and desoldering.
Suggested Scoring Rubrics

CRITERIA 5 3 2 1
Sequence and Some ideas Some signs
No idea or
transition of and sequence of and/or
ORGANIZATION unclear flow
ideas was may be change of
of ideas.
effective. improved. ideas.
Contained
some
Convincingly Inappropriate
DETAILS appropriate Too general.
interpreted. /off topic
details or
examples.

21-30. Performance Test. Perform Soldering and Desoldering.

CRITERIA 5 3 1
All solders are One to three solders For or more solders
smooth, shiny are not are not
Quality
and no sharp smooth/shiny and smooth/shiny and
edges. have sharp edges. have sharp edges.
Finished the task Finished the task
Unable to finish the
Speed on or before the beyond the given
task.
given time time.

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