Professional Documents
Culture Documents
PLANNING REPORT
KASUR
January 2008
Chapter II
Profile of Kasur
2.1 General 6
2.2 Location 6
2.3 Area/Demography 6
Chapter III
Institutional Analysis of TMA Kasur
3.1 Capacity Building at TMA Kasur 8
3.2 Hands on Trainings for Complaint Resolution 8
3.3 Performance Management System 9
3.4 Management Analysis 11
Chapter IV
Urban Planning
4.1 TO(P) Office 12
4.2 Mapping 12
4.3 Land use Characteristics 12
4.4 City Zones 13
4.5 Housing Typologies 13
4.6 Growth Directions 14
Chapter V
Status of Municipal Infrastructure & Recommendations
5.1 Road Network 15
5.2 Water Supply 15
5.3 Sewerage 21
5.4 Street Lights 25
5.5 Solid Waste Management 25
5.6 Fire Fighting 29
5.7 Parks 31
5.8 Slaughter House 31
Chapter VI
Workshop on Prioritization of Infrastructure Sub-Projects
6.1 Pre-Workshop Consultations 34
6.2 Workshop Proceedings 34
6.3 Prioritized List of Sub-Projects 35
Annexes
Annex-A Water Supply Data
1.1 Background
Planning is now a part of Punjab’s local government system with the planning
responsibilities of TMAs, clearly set out in PLGO. Under the devolved system,
the newly created office of TO(P) has the following functions to perform; (i)
develop plans; (ii) develop and apply building controls; (iii) manage CCBs; (iv)
implement commercialization rules; (v) operate Punjab housing development
schemes; (vi) develop site development schemes. In addition, The PLGO
identifies the preparation of spatial plans (Article 54 a), development plans
(Article 54 c) and budget plans, long term and annual municipal development
programs (Article 54 j) as key functions of the TMAs. Unfortunately, in
majority of TMAs TO(P) office has not been able to perform as envisioned in
the PLGO. Some of the reasons are inadequately skilled staff and lack of up-
to-date maps, necessary equipment and management/ regulation/ and
enforcement mechanisms. As a result, development works are taking place in
a piecemeal manner and lack integrated and coordinated approach.
The most catching feature of the planning exercise is the involvement of the
stakeholders. The objective behind their involvement was to endorse of the
prioritized list by the ones for whom it was prepared.
The Planning Report for Kasur has been prepared by active participation of all
stakeholders including elected representatives, UC Nazim, Naib Nazim,
councilors, and TMA officials through meetings, discussions, formal & informal
interviews and workshop.
Apart from consultations with the stakeholders, data relating to urban planning
and infrastructure (both secondary and primary) was also collected for
analysis and preparation of technical list of sub-projects. The available
information through secondary sources was collected through various
documents and publications of the Government, TMA records, and other
development partners. . In addition, GIS map of Kasur was procured by
PMDFC and data layers were developed. This proved to be a powerful tool for
spatial analysis, identification of deficiencies in different sectors, and
identification of projects.
PLANNING PROCESS
Institutional arrangements
Visioning by Nazim
Formation of
Working Groups
Landuse Surveys
Development of Database
in GIS
Data Analysis
Identification of
Infrastructure Projects
Prioritization of
Projects in Workshop
The prioritized list of projects would facilitate the TMA to make investment
decisions. This list was developed through a comprehensive exercise of data
collection and analysis, the results of which were then presented before the
stakeholders in the form of a list of infrastructure sub-projects to prioritize.
Sources of Data
In general, there were two sources for data collection:
Primary source
Secondary sources
Primary Source
The methodology for the collection of data was to verify the available
information with the TMA and PMDFC in the field surveys. However, much of
the information was added by actually taking the observations in the field. For
example for solid waste management data for secondary collection points was
collected.
Secondary Sources
The secondary sources for data collection were TMA record, District Census
Report, information from PHED, Housing and Physical Planning department,
PMDFC Field Appraisal Report (FAR), Feasibilities produced by PMDFC etc.
Visioning
The whole planning process stems from Nazim’s vision for identification of
development projects. Therefore, a preliminary meeting was held by PMDFC
with the Tehsil Nazim in order to shape his vision statement which was then
communicated to all of the stakeholders in the planning process. (What was
that vision statement?) PMDFC discussed the prospects of the planning
process with the Nazim and translated his vision in concrete and tangible
targets.
At the end of the planning process, another meeting was conducted with the
Nazim in which whole planning process was reviewed in the light of actual
field experiences, ground realities and all those issues that were not
visualized at the start of the planning process.
Prioritization Workshop
The list that was developed based on technical recommendation by PMDFC
was then presented before the stake holders including Nazim, UC Nazim,
Naib Nazim, councilors, etc, as they were the best to determine their priorities.
This exercise was done in a workshop, arranged by PMDFC, where the
service delivery needs in the existing system, together with costs,
advantages, disadvantages of the development projects were presented and
discussed with the stake holders.
Incremental Population
Population
1998 1998-2007 2007-2012 2012-2017 2017-2022 2022-2027
2.1 General
TMA Kasur is one of the three TMAs of District Kasur. Kasur is the main town
of the TMA. There are 55 Union Councils in the Tehsil out of which 17 fall in
urban
areas/CO units The Tehsil is predominantly rural with only 17 urban Union
Councils out of a total number of 55 U.Cs. According to 1998 Population and
Housing Census, total population and urban population of the Tehsil is
1,157,072 and 366,444 respectively. The TMA has following 05 CO units:
1) Kasur headquarter
2) Khudian
3) Mustafa Abad
4) Raja Jang
5) Kot Radha Kishan
2.2 Location
The city of Kasur is the district headquarters of the District Government, Kasur
and is situated about 55 Km South East of Lahore near the border with India.
The town is connected with Lahore by road as well as by rail. The town is
located in semi-arid sub-tropical climate zone where intense summer heat and
cold weather are experienced.
2.3 Area/Demography
As per census-1998, the growth rate of Kasur was 2.72%. This growth of
urban settlements in the city of Kasur is also disturbing natural ecological
process. The impact of this rapid growth has overstressed the already deficit
infrastructure including water supply and its distribution to the consumers.
With this growth rate the present population of the city (year 2005) is expected
to be 296000. It will rise to 387140 in the year 2015 and 506310 in the year
2025. However the trend of growth rate is decreasing in entire country and a
reasonable assumption is that this city will grow at under mentioned growth
rate in future.
To start with, the Planning office of TMA Kasur is confronted with the problem
of under staffing. Following Table compares the available posts and filled
posts.
1. TMA staff was never offered much needed computer training and
necessary hardware essential for creating an automated office
environment.
2. Information flow within the TMA and with its stakeholders was quite
rudimentary and means of communication adopted were notice board
and word of mouth.
3. The complaint center, a mandatory requirement of PLGO 2001, was
not formally established. All complaint resolution was arbitrary and no
record was kept of the same.
PMSIP Interventions
As PMDFC is geared towards improving the skills of TMA staff and considers
improvement in service delivery inconceivable without a strong human
resource base, it introduced human resource development initiatives
unprecedented at TMA level under the umbrella of PMSIP. Since, PMSIP
aims to improve performance and service delivery of TMAs - office automation
is identified as the first step towards achieving these goals.
The Tehsil Nazim and the TMO were involved in setting up a complaint cell at
the TMA office. The complaint cell was established under the supervision of
the TMO Mr. Zahid Naseer Butt and Mr. M. Ashraf, Tax Clerk was nominated
by the TMO to record complaints at the complaint cell. A standard design of
complaint register was developed by PMDFC and the register was handed
over to the TMA. A 1 day hands-on training was given to the officials in
PMDFC hopes that its ground breaking interventions will go a long way in the
human resource development of TMA Kasur and its staff once equipped with
right skills set can be expected to provide timely, cost effective and reliable
services to the citizens of Kasur.
Total
4
PMDFC has arranged several workshops, meetings and visits for awareness
and consensus building among the TMA staff.
Sr. Date
Duration Workshop Title Participants
# From To
Workshop on “Performance Tehsil Nazim,
1 10.8.05 10.8.05 One day
Management System” TMO, All four TOs
Workshop on “Improving
Two
2 29.8.05 30.8.05 Service Delivery Through TMO, All four TOs
days
Strengthening TMAs”
Transportation facility:
There two vehicles available with TMA. TMO and TO(I&S) have jeeps. There
is one other vehicle which is not in working condition.
Work space:
With the construction of new office for TO I &S more working space will be
created while TO P office is an congested one. TO F and TO R have
independent offices with adequate working space.
3.4.3 Computers:
All TOs including TMO and Tehsil Nazim had computers with them PMDFC
equipped TO P office with the latest computer with a printer.
URBAN PLANNING
From the above table it’s evident that important posts of sub-engineer and
draftsman are vacant, affecting the efficiency of planning department. TO(P)
is a sub-engineer from PHED. Field staff can’t cover the entire areas of their
jurisdiction. Property records are not maintained in an orderly manner and no
analysis is made from the existing data. Building inspectors daily visit the city
to ascertain the changes in land uses and if a change is found a notice is
issued. Demolition is mostly done for dangerous buildings after approval from
authorities.
4.2 Mapping
A comprehensive mapping exercise under Geographic Information System
has been undertaken in Kasur by PMDFC. The maps developed through GIS
are base map for roads, land use map, UC boundary map, Map with Mohallah
Names and maps for all service like water supply, sewerage, solid waste
management and street lights.
The exercise would enable TMA staff to use state of art GIS technology and
get first hand experience with techniques of data collection and data analysis.
There are six grave yards in the different parts of the town. Two are in the
northern part, one in the central and one in the southern and the qther two are
in the south western part of the town.
Drain of the city, i.e Rohi nallah passes through the town from Kashir chowk
to south western part of the town.
Railway station is also in the south western part of the town.
The following information in tables was collected from District Census report,
Kasur, prepared in 1998.
Total 33577
The number of housing units in Fateh jang is 33577. The type of structures
that are pacca comprise 88.92% of the total housing structures, where semi
pacca are .45% and 7.61% are katcha.
The condition of roads in Kasur is satisfactory. Most of the roads are in good
condition and need minor repairs. Due to non-existence of metalled / paved
shoulders and footpaths, some shopkeepers have encroached on the
shoulders of the roads in busy areas. The existing length, road width, right of
way, and existing condition of metalled TMA roads is given in Annex A.
The ground water in the area is sweet; recharge from the river and rain water
is the main cause for sweet water. In upper layers, fine sand and clay occurs
whereas for lower portions and up to about 80 feet, the strata comprise fine to
medium sand with traces of clay. The lower strata are combinations of sand,
both fine and coarse and some locations of clay.
In the past, several water supply schemes have been executed in the city in
three phases of the project as under:
Another project under the name ‘Basti Chiragh has been completed in 1994
served a population of 44,000 persons. The total served population with piped
The capacity of tube wells is 1.5 - 2 cusecs. The tube wells operate
intermittently and usual timings of operation are presented in Table-
Water Quality
The aquifer under the city of Kasur is comparable with that of Lahore and
therefore, quality underground water is available for drinking purposes.
However, due to the presence of tanneries in the city and Rohi Nullah passing
through the city center, there were reports of presence of heavy metals in the
upper sub soil water. This could be true for shallow waters where there is
every possibility of traveling of heavy metals in the sub soil water but their
presence in the deep waters is not possible due to presence of impervious
strata of clay. Frequent analysis of water by the PHED/ TMA has confirmed
absence of heavy metals particularly chromium in the deep wells. However,
due to faulty distribution system and intermittent water supply in the city,
presence of such metals in the distribution system can not be ruled out.
However, measures are urgently required to protect the distribution system
from the heavy probability of pollution of potable water by waste water
entering into the system through leakages, faulty service connections and
others.
The quality of drinking water supply in the city has been determined by
Participatory Development Resource Cell (PDRC) Lab. Tokyo Institute of
Technology, Japan during August-2001. The sampling points and their quality
in terms of chromium contents are presented in Exhibit-4.10 & Exhibit-4.11.
It is evident from the above analysis that the sampled water carries higher
concentration of chromium than the permissible limit of 0.05 mg/l (WHO
Drinking Water Standards). The situation is critical for samples taken from
water taps of private turbines / hand pumps which implies that chromium
along with other heavy metals travels into / through the strata and finds its
way into shallow waters. The situation is quite grave and requires very serious
considerations for making available to the consumers water from deep well
turbines which are sanitary-protected and are deep enough to eliminate the
chance of its pollution by chromium or other heavy metal. Moreover, the water
distribution system and provision of service connection require more attention
to make the system water tight and eliminate the possibility of entry of polluted
water (with chromium as well) into the system when it is not pressurized.
The water distribution network had been executed along with the water source
development. The pipe size varies from 3 inches to 16 inches diameter. The
pipe material used comprises; galvanized, mild steel pipes, asbestos cement,
and uPVC pipes. At locations, the pipe has reached to serviceable life / span
particularly galvanized iron pipes which are reported to be heavily corroded
and rusted. Also even incapacitated due to increase in water demands which
has exceeded their limited capacity. The distribution of water in the recently
developed low income areas, is either not available or their inadequacy is
reported.
Water Storage
There is no underground storage of water for the city, and this is not the
requirement when sufficient ground water aquifer is available which could be
pumped either directly to the distribution system or through the overhead
reservoirs.
Presently the use of the Over head tanks has been stopped for no obvious
reasons. The officials report that due to inadequate water supply form the
tube wells, the storage has been suspended. This argument is not based on
the ground realities. With a little additional pumping, overhead reservoirs
could be filled at night for supply in the morning when demand builds-up.
For a tube well capacity of 1.5 cusecs capacity, 12-hours per day operation,
total number of tube wells required to meet the average water production
would be as under:
Sr.
Description Unit Quantity
Nr.
3 Distribution Network
The existing water tariff has been studied and new tariff is proposed which is
proposed to be levied by the Year-2008. The proposed tariff is as under:
Domestic
Low Income Rs. 50 per household
Middle Income Rs. 100 per household
High Income Rs.200 per household
Commercial
Flat Rate Rs. 750 per connection
Industrial
Flat Rate Rs. 2,000 per connection
The proposed connection fee (against Rs.1,000 existing for all type of
connections) is as under:
Domestic
All income Groups Rs.1,500 per household
Industrial
Flat Rate Rs. 3,000 per connection
Amount
Nr. Description
(Rs)
Tubewell
1 43,083,755
Overhead Reservoir
2 11,039,408
Water Distribution Network
3 63,943,349
Service Connections
4 14,786,880
Miscellaneous
5 1,735,000
Sub-Total
134,588,392
6 Contingencies, 5%
6,729,420
Total
141,317,812
The estimates include provision of bulk water meters for existing and new
tube wells and service connections for 10,000 house holds as well;
PMDFC collected sewerage data for existing connection through TMA staff
with the following results. Sewerage is partially flowing in two UCs. There are
610 sewerage connections.
No. of
Union Connection
Sr. No Locality
Council through Pipe
Line
1 Gulberg Colony 3 200
2 Munir Shaheed Colony 3 385
3 Paris Roads 4 25
Total 610
This Nullah is presently functioning as an open sewer and almost the entire
sewage and wastewater from the industries / tanneries other than four clusters
now connected with the Common Effluent Pre-treatment Plant (CEPTP) is
discharging to it for its ultimate disposal to Pandoki Seepage Drain. This Nullah
over the period has become a public health hazard / nuisance which required
attention of the people at the helm of the affairs long ago, but unfortunately was
not addressed in the past. Due to its irregular section, deposits of solids, and
other obstructions, the velocity of flow is significantly reduced and as such
production of foul smells in addition to creating havoc during rainy season are
the usual problems associated with it. As such, improvement in the section of
the Nullah by way of its lining will help reducing the intensity of the miseries, but
this is not considered the ultimate solution of the problem, particularly when this
nullah is to function as a primary channel for city sewerage.
Locality No. of
Total
Number Street
Sr. No. of
of Lights
No. Mohallah UC Street
Streets not
Lights
Working
1 44 20 200 1 60
2 300 16 200 2 55
3 15 12 281 3 70
4 30 9 195 4 62
5 48 13 200 5 60
6 67 12 227 6 70
7 60 4 250 7 51
8 24 1 213 8 65
9 41 9 230 9 58
10 39 9 350 10 48
11 43 8 212 11 60
Total 2558 659
Percent of Street Lights not working 26%
Detail of street lights in 11 UCs of Kasur are shown in above table. From the
table it is evident that street lights are evenly spread over Kasur. Street lights
not working are 26 %.
Needs
Presently with available collection equipment and mechanism only tons are
being collected. Generation rates in future are expected as shown in table
below. But rates of generation may exceed these limits as living standards are
rising in this town.
TMA won’t be able to collect these generations of waste amounts with present
resources. There are no designated secondary collection points. A proper
secondary collection system should be introduced. The 40 skips placed in the
town didn’t worked and were abandoned. TMA only had 4 tractor trolleys and
were insufficient for Kasur town. It has recently rented 8 tractor trolleys for
collection purposes. Now, each UC has one tractor trolley at its disposal to
collect solid wastes. It has significantly increased collection of solid wastes.
TMA is dumping almost all waste with the town thus creating in-sanitary &
unhygienic conditions, degrading the environment of the town, emitting
obnoxious smells and providing breeding grounds for mosquitoes and flies.
Main dumping sites are all in the town. There is no TMA land to dispose of
solid waste. Therefore, there is an immediate need of procuring land for
landfill site. As the town is a large one and is expanding in various direction 4-
5 sites could be procured to save operation costs.
The Establishment
Hand Carts
Hand carts, 200 numbers, are presently collecting solid wastes; major
proportion, about 175 numbers are in poor working condition.
Collection Frequency
According to an estimate about 150 tons /day of solid wastes are collected for
disposal to the waste land in the vicinity; hydraulically operated carriers, 2-
Nrs. are available for the purpose.
Present Situation
The present facilities for collection and disposal of solid wastes have
completely failed and situation with respect to solid wastes collection and
disposal is deplorable.
The equipment and vehicles available with TMA are described as under:-
Fire Engines
TMA has two fire engine – 1984 Bedford model. One has recently been
repaired.
Fire Equipment
The under mentioned fire equipment is available with TMA at present:-
TMA would be receiving more equipment with the repaired fire engine soon. It
has spent Rs 700,000 for the repair and purchase of new equipment.
Fire Hydrants
S. No Location
1 Stadium – connected with a separate motor
2 Near Fire Station – connected with OHR
Source: TMA record
Table 22: Detail of Fire Incidences in Last Three Years in Jhelum District
Revised estimated for TMA Kasur fire brigade expenditure were Rs. 1,
605,400, whereas, estimates for year 2007-08 are Rs. 2,747,960.
5.7 Park
TMA is maintaining one park in the town. It
s located near Shabaz Khan Road. It is
not maintained properly. There is a open
nallah flowing on one side of the park
resulting in foul smell all across te park.
There are trees in the park but are not
properly looked after. Benches and
pathways are in poor condition. There are
no wash rooms for visitors. In short, park
is depicting a deserted look. It is located in Exhibit:
a prime location surrounded by citizens.
Proper care can improve the park and render it
useful for citizens who visit it.
Drainage System
Effluent disposal is not connected to sewerage system and is discharged into
open channel that connects with a large drainage channel that is 200 feet
from the site. Although contaminates are
not toxic in natures, but they can introduce
bacterial contamination and increase
nitrates, phosphates and sulfates
concentration in water, leading to health
problems.
Solid Waste
Solid waste is being dumped across the
road from slaughter house and is Exhibit:
disposed of occasionally by TMA SWM staff. As a result, there is slaughter
house solid waste present in front of the site. No treatment is being done on
the solid waste generated. Soil is also being contaminated where solid waste
is being dumped.
Existing Establishment
The veterinary doctor is on honorarium of Rs. 800/- per month which is
extremely low. Due to this reason he is not available during slaughtering and
he has deputed a dispenser to check the health of animals.
PROJECT PRIORITIZATION
PMDFC briefed how the workshop would proceed, including details about
formation of groups, inter-sector prioritization (i.e. roads vs water supply vs
sewerage etc.), followed by intra-sector prioritization, e.g. in case of roads
sector, individual road projects for the whole town were prioritized.
Workshop Participants
The number of participants was 21. The stake holders were mainly the
representatives of the Tehsil Council and Union naib nazims, from urban UCs
of TMA Kasur
The Session
The workshop was formally started with a presentation was given by PMDFC
on, the existing situation of the town and proposed list of sub projects. During
the presentation, the participants took a keen interest, and asked a number of
questions about the working of, and already projects under taken by PMDFC.
They further updated the information about the existing situation, e.g. the
stakeholders had serious reservations about the fire fighting system, as it was
considered inefficient.
In the first round, inter-sector prioritization was done. Each group was given a
list of sectors i.e. roads, water supply, sewerage etc. They were first to label
their priority before each sector e.g. if they thought drains was the most
important problem of the town they were to assign 1 before drains, etc.
The results of the Inter sector prioritization were entered into a ‘priority matrix’.
In this matrix, the group-wise sector priorities were entered as assigned by the
group members. Based on the frequency of responses, the inter-sector
prioritization was finalized.
Slaughter house 9
Total
duration
Sr.No Tube well name in hours Remarks (if any)
1 Engineering Branch 313.3
2 Kalma Chowk 315
3 Lady Park near DHO office 315
4 Near darbar khwaja sahib 312
5 Near darbar khwaja sahib 11 255.3 Repair of Turbine
6 Basti barat shah 300
7 Basti baba ghalab shah 330
8 Baba sher shah 333.45
9 Kot Haleem Khan 318
10 Kot Ali Garh 323
11 Near Disposal Works 323
12 Baser Pura 305
13 Basti Sabri 321
14 Basti Rukan Pura 321
15 Basti Charag Shah No I 324
Rewinding of Elec.
16 Basti Charag Shah No II 277 Motor
17 Baba Kamal Shah 322.3
18 Haji Shah Sharif 325
19 Tehsil Dar Chowk 325
20 Santok Sir Nafees Colony 325
21 Khadim Abad 325
22 General Bus Stand 310
23 Eide Shah 217.3
24 Ghulbarg Colony 328
25 Saeed Abad Colony 314
26 Steel Garden 330
27 Dhor Kot 323
28 College Ground 300
29 Munir Shaheed Colony 330
30 Shehbaz Khan Road 309.45
31 Haji Gagan 0 Not Complete
Total Hours (B) 9370.10
Average Hours water supplied per day
(B/31/31) 9.75
Source: PMS, PMDFC