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Let´s learn about

ECOSYSTEMS

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MAIN LANGUAGE
ecosystem Desert falcon change Coniferous border
forest
soil Grassland goose between hectares soil
rocks Forest swan coast acres grove
water Rainforest trout beetle To regrow population
air Savannah elk buttefly To migrate cheetah
pond frozen marmot arachnids hibernation finch
biome North grasshopper ticks beaver pigeon
microorganism South To grow lizard oxen To recycle
wet Pole To need toad goose To plant
dry West ostrich toucans reindeer renewable
food chain East antelope sloth raccoon energy
To group To locate hyena jaguar porcupine To protect
To die hare red foxes huge skunk To use
Tundra elephant seal bison Taiga To scatter To light

1. ECOSYSTEMS
Living things and non-living things form an
ecosystem.
An ecosystem is a set of living things and non-
living things existing together in one place. In an
ecosystem, there are living things like plants and animals.
There are also non-living things like soil, rocks, water and
air.
An ecosystem can be as large as the Sahara Desert,
or as small as a pond. When an ecosystem is really large we
can call it a biome.
A biome is a large area with similar flora, fauna,
and microorganisms.

An ecosystem is a place where

living and non-living things exist.

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1.1. Animals and plants

There are different plants and animals in each
ecosystem, and they depend on each other. Many animals
and other organisms live in groups.
Different plants and animals need different
Bears live in cold
habitats. Some of them need wet areas and others dry
and wet places
areas. Some plants need a lot of water and they grow in
wet places. Others, like cactus, only need a little water and
grow in dry places. This is the same for animals. For
example, bears live in cold and wet places while camels live
Camels live in dry in dry ones.
places

1.2. Food
In ecosystems:
• Plants make their own food.
• Herbivorous animals eat plants.
• Carnivorous animals eat other animals.
• Omnivorous animals eat both plants and
other animals.
All these living things need each other to live and
they depend on each other for food. The food chain
is the way food passes from one organism to
another in an ecosystem.
The food chain starts with a plant. Next, a
herbivore eats the plant. Finally, a carnivore eats the
herbivore.
The food chain in a
forest

The food chain: Deer eat plants, wolves eat deer.

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• An ecosystem is a set of living things and non-living things existing

together in one place.
• Different plants and animals need different habitats to live.
• A biome is a large area with similar flora, fauna, and microorganisms.
• The food chain is the way food passes from one organism to another in an
ecosystem.

ACTIVITIES
1. Write and complete. Use these words.
non-living things
Living things and ___________________
the food chain
compose an __________________ . An
wet
ecosystem is a set of living things and non-
living things existing together in one _______ . food
When an ecosystem is really large, it is called a
ecosystem
__________ . Some living things need
dry
_______ areas and others need ______ areas.
Living things depend on each other for place
________ . When food passes from one
biome
organism to another, it is called ___________ .

2. Match and number the three steps of the food chain.

□ lion
□ zebra
□ grass
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3. Complete the food chains.

______ALGAE____ ________________
FISH BEAR

___PLANTS______ ____MICE________ _____SNAKES____ EAGLES

WORMS BIRDS CATS

1 Fish eat algae, brown bears eat fish

2 ________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________ .

3
________________________________________________________ .

2. BIOMES
Scientists group ecosystems into categories called biomes. A biome is a
large area with similar flora, fauna, and microorganisms. In these biomes are
living things typical to each habitat. Most of these living things would die in other
ecosystems or biomes.
The most commonly accepted biomes that exist on Earth are:
1. Tundra
2. Desert
3. Grassland
4. Tropical Rain Forest
5. Forest
6. Savannah

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TUNDRA DESERT GRASSLAND

RAINFOREST FOREST SAVANNAH

2.1. Tundra
There are cold and even frozen ecosystems near the North and South Poles.
These locations are called Tundra by scientists. It is the coldest biome. There are
two types of Tundra: Arctic Tundra and Alpine Tundra.
• Climate: It is very cold and temperatures are usually below 0ºC. It
snows a lot there.
• Location: Arctic Tundras are located in Alaska, Canada, Northern Europe,
Russia, and the Earth’s poles. Alpine tundras are located high in the
mountains.
• Living things: Some animals of the arctic tundra include: Mammals:arctic
foxes , polar bears, squirrels, wolves and elephant seals. Birds – penguins,
snowy owls. Fish – salmon.

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2.2. Desert
The desert is a dry place with very little rain and very high temperatures.
There are many deserts all over the world.
• Climate: all deserts are dry and they have large variations in
temperatures. Temperatures are high during the day. Some deserts are
very hot during the day but very cold during the night.

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• Location: There are many deserts all over the world, such as The Sahara in
North Africa.
• Living things: in dry deserts like the Sahara, cactus plants can grow
because they need little water. Animals such as camels, snakes and lizards
live in the desert.

2.3. Grassland
A grassland is a sea of grass. Grassland biomes exist throughout the world.
In these biomes there are extensive grasses, as well as a variety of small and
large animals. About one-fourth of the Earth's land area is grassland. In many
areas, grasslands separate forests from deserts.
• Climate: The summers are hot and the winters are cold.
• Location: Grasslands are located in North America, South America, Africa,
Australia, and New Zealand.
• Living things: There are few trees and large extensions of grasses.
Animals depend on the region. For example, in Africa we find zebras, lions,
tigers, hippopotamus, rhinos, hyenas, snakes, etc. In Australia: kangaroos,
goat, donkeys, horses, rabbits, and sheep. In North America: bison, coyote,
deer, eagles, red foxes….

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A type of grassland in
Australia

• A biome is a large area with similar flora, fauna, and microorganisms.

• The main types of biomes are: tundra, desert, grassland, rainforest, forest
and savanna.
• A tundra is a frozen and cold ecosystem near the North and South Poles.
• A desert is a dry place with very little rain and very high temperatures.
• A grassland is a sea of grass with a variety of small and large animals.

ACTIVITIES
4. What’s the wrong word? Circle the wrong word.

Hot Cold Warm Grass

Alaska Russia Spain Canada

Tundra Market Desert Savanna

Horse Penguin Goat Sheep

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5. Match and choose the correct answer.

Tundra, desert, grassland, rainforest,
What´s a tundra? forest and savanna.

The summers are hot and the

Where are grasslands located? winters are cold.

It´s dry and very hot during the day.

What are the main six biomes?

It depends on the region.

Where’s the Sahara desert?
A biome is a large area with similar
flora, fauna, and microorganisms.
What´s the weather like in a desert?
North America, South America,
Africa, Australia and New Zealand.
What´s the weather like in a grassland?

It is a frozen and cold ecosystem

near the North and South Poles.
What animals can you find in a grassland?

It is in North Africa.
What´s a biome?

6. Wordsearch. Find the main six biomes.

Y Q G Q W P P W W M D Y I A R
N D Q F Q K A O T U J Y Y S A
Z D R G K H D C P Z I O I Y E
X W H A H H D T R T U N D R A
L J D K M A D J G E U C A P C
U K I E J N F Y F I P K G Y M
J P A R X N B J J B V H Z Y V
V P U D N A L S S A R G H J J
U W P H W V Y X A N X B O C B
A B T W I A J W H P V L E E P
N K B G I S S B C C V Z X B G
P J B C W J I N X H M U L C U
G C Y T R E S E D R L D Y L W
W Z D R A I N F O R E S T P N
B D M T T S E R O F Q Z D W X

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2.4. Rainforest
Rainforests are very dense, warm and wet forests. There are millions of
plants and animals. Rainforests are extremely important in the ecology of the
Earth. The plants of the rainforest generate much of the Earth's oxygen.
• Climate: It is almost always raining in a rainforest. The temperature in a
rainforest never freezes and never gets very hot. The range of temperature
in a tropical rainforest is usually between 24-27° C. It is very warm.
• Location: There are two types of rainforest biomes: temperate and tropical
rainforests. Temperate rainforests are found along coasts in temperate
regions. Tropical rainforests can be found around the world.
• Living things: There are a great variety of trees, bushes and grasses.
Rainforests are tremendously rich in animal life. Rainforests are populated
with insects (like butterflies and beetles), arachnids (like spiders and ticks),
worms, reptiles (like snakes and lizards), amphibians (like frogs and toads),
birds (like parrots and toucans) and mammals (like sloths and jaguars).

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2.5. Forest
Forests are huge extension of land with many trees and different animals.
We can distinguish two types of forests:
1.- A taiga, also called a coniferous forest, is a cold forest.
2.- Temperate (deciduous) forests are forests in cool, rainy areas. They
have trees that lose their leaves in Fall and regrow them in Spring.
TAIGA
• Climate: It is very cold.
• Location: Northern part of North America, Europe and Asia. Taigas are
generally located south of tundras.
• Living things: There are not many animals in a taiga. Some taiga animals
live all the year in a cold winter environment, but many migrate south to warmer
climates during the winter, and others go into hibernation. Ants, arctic foxes,
wolves, eagles, beavers, oxen, huskies (dogs), brown bears, geese, reindeer…
TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS FORESTS
• Climate: The average temperature in temperate deciduous forests is
about 24°C. It is usually warm but on the top of mountains it is colder.
• Location: these forests are found in North America, Europe, and Asia.
There are smaller areas of these forests in South America, Africa, and Australia.
• Living things: There are a lot of plants, above all, trees and different
animals such as brown bears, deer, foxes, frogs, ducks, raccoons, rabbits,
porcupines, skunks, squirrels and different types of birds…

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2.6. Savannah
A savannah is a hot and dry grassland with few scattered trees. This
environment is in between a grassland and a forest. They are located in the dry
tropics and the subtropics, often bordering a rainforest. Savannahs can result
from climate changes, soil conditions, animal behaviour, or agricultural practices.
• Climate: An important aspect of a savanna is its climate. The climate is
usually warm.
• Location: Savannahs are located in Africa, Madagascar (an island off the
east coast of Africa), Australia, South America, and India.
• Living things: Savannahs are dominated by grass. Occasionally, you can
find individual trees or small groves of trees. Many animals live in savannas from
invertebrates (like grasshoppers, termites, and beetles) to large mammals (like
lions and leopards). The different savannahs of the world support different
populations of animals.
- Africa: African elephant, antelopes, buffalo, cheetah, giraffe,
hippopotamus, hyena, jackal, leopard, lion, rhinos, zebras..
- Australia: kangaroo, pigeon, dove, parrot, finch....
- India: Asiatic buffalo, Asian elephant, Indian rhinoceros, tiger…

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• Rainforests are very dense, warm, and wet forests. There are millions of
plants and animals.
• Forests are huge extension of land with many trees and different animals.
We can differentiate two types: Taiga (or Coniferous Forest) and
Temperate Deciduous Forests.
• A savannah is a hot and dry grassland with few scattered trees.

ACTIVITIES
7. Read and answer.
11 Hi! I´m Jackson, I´m 31. I live in a
3 Hi! I´m Abdur Rabb, I´m older
place in North America where it is than my friends, I´m 67. I live in
really cold. I live in the mountains Africa, in a place where it is really
and I have a huskie dog that help hot during the day and cold in the
me in my work. Where I live there night. Where I live there are not
are other animals such as brown many animals or plants.
bears, arctic foxes and wolves.

Good morning, My name´s

Hello, my name is Itkkianore, I´m
2 22 years old. I live in a cold and
frozen place near the North Pole.
Here, temperatures are below 0ºC
and I usually eat fish, salmon, and
trout.
Onhaira, I´m 27 years old. I live in
4 a place where there are many
animals; some of them are
dangerous such as lions and tigers.
The climate is usually warm.

1 What´s his name? _______________________ How old is he? _______

What´s the weather like there? ____________________ Where does he live?
______________What types of animals are there? _____________________

2 What´s his name? _______________________ How old is he? _______

What´s the weather like there? ____________________ What is the
temperature? _____________ What does he usually eat? _________________

3 What´s his name? ___________________ How old is he? ____________

Where does he live? ____________________ What´s the weather like there?
___________________ .Are there many plants and animals? ______________
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4 What´s her name? _______________________ . How old is she? ______

What´s the weather like there? ____________________ What types of animals
are there? _______________________________________________________

8. Where do you think they live? Match.

TUNDRA

TAIGA

DESERT

SAVANNA

9. Classify these animals in their biomes. Colour them.

gorilla

polar
bear sheep eagle sloth

Tundra ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________

reindeer brown scorpion
bear

penguin elk

____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________

horse arctic wolf donkey

lizard rhino

____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________

lion

swan camel cow squirrel

____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________

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10. Circle the correct living thing.

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11. Complete this table.

TUNDRA DESERT GRASSLAND RAINFOREST FOREST SAVANNA

WEATHER

LIVING
THINGS

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12. Solve this crossword.

1

4 5

7 8 9 10

11

12

13

14

EclipseCrossword.com

Across
3. a hot and dry grassland with few scattered trees
6. an animal in the rainforest that lives in trees
8. a set of living things and non-living things existing together in one place
11. plants of the rainforest generate much of this
12. a plant that you can find in the desert
13. a place that is generally located south of a tundra
14. a sea of grass

Down
1. a desert in North Africa
2. animals that eat other animals
4. a way to help our planet
5. a large area with similar flora, fauna, and microorganisms
7. a mammal that lives in the tundra
9. a cold and frozen ecosystem
10. Alpine tundras are located

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13. Classify these sentences.
What can we do to protect our
Planet?
Planet?
Harm animals and plants.
Camp in campsites.
Take your rubbish home.
Use public transportation.
Cut down trees.
Take a bath, not a shower.
Light fires in the country
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
Recycle paper, glass and metal.
Play loud music.
Don´t pollute water and air.
Use renewable energy.
Plant trees, bushes and grasses.
Protect living things.
Save water.
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
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14. Sing and complete this song.

babies trees people colours love think days world

wonderful learn friends do see clouds I

I see ________ of green, red roses too,

I ________ them bloom for me and you.
And I __________ to myself
What a wonderful __________.

I see skies of blue and _________of white

Bright blessed ________, dark sacred nights.
And ____ think to myself
What a __________ world,

The ___________ of the rainbow so pretty in

the sky
Are also on the faces of__________ going by.
I see _________ shaking hands saying “how
______ you do?”
They’re really saying “ I __________ you.”

I hear _____________ cry. I watch them grow

They’ll _________ much more than I’ll ever
know.

And I think to myself what a wonderful world!

Yes, I think to myself what a wonderful world!

song by Louis Armstrong

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15. Draw.

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16. Watch the video and answer.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xwFr2hWjo5s
ECOSYSTEM

BIOTIC COMPONENTS: ……………………………………………………………………………………….

ABIOTIC COMPONENTS: ……………………………………………………………………………………..

17. Make a project.

1. Choose an ecosystem and draw it on a big card or stick a picture, photo,
etc..
2. Write about: weather, living things, location...........
3. Decorate it.
4. Talk to your partners in the class.

A savanna is a hot and dry grassland with few scattered

trees.
• Climate: An important aspect of a
savanna is its climate. The climate is usually warm.
• Location: Savannas are located in Africa, Madagascar
(an island off the
east coast of Africa), Australia, South America, and India.
• Living things: savannas are dominated by grass.
Occasionally, you can find individual trees or small groves of trees.
Many animals live in savannas, from invertebrates (like
grasshoppers, termites, and beetles) to large mammals (like lions
and leopards). The different savannas of the world support different
populations of animals.
Africa: African elephant, antelopes, buffalo, cheetah, gerenuk,
giraffe, hippopotamus, hyena, jackal, leopard, lion, rhinos, zebras..
Australia: kangaroo, wallaby, pigeon, dove, parrot, finch,
wombat…India: Asiatic buffalo, Asian elephant, Indian rhinoceros,
tiger…

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18. What can you do? Cross .

Hello, my friends!! Read

and write a cross.

Do you recognize words and expressions related to the

different ecosystems in the World?
¿Reconoces palabras y expresiones relacionadas con los
diferentes aparatos del ser humano?
Can you read information about the different ecosystems
and understand the most important information?
¿Puedes leer información sobre los diferentes ecosistemas y
comprender la información más importante?
Can you speak about the different ecosystems and how
to protect our planet?
¿ Puedes hablar sobre los diferentes ecosistemas y de cómo
proteger nuestro planeta?
Do you talk to your classmates about the different
ecosystems?
¿Hablas con tus compañeros/as acerca de los diferentes
ecosistemas?
Can you write and make projects about the main
ecosystems and how to take care of them?
¿Puedes escribir y realizar proyectos sobre los principales
ecosistemas y cómo cuidarlos?

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ecosystem goose Taiga To protect

soil swan Coniferous forest To use

rocks trout hectares To light

water elk acres

air marmot To regrow

pond grasshopper To migrate

biome To grow hibernation

microorganism To need beaver

wet ostrich oxen

dry antelope goose

food chain hyena reindeer

To group red foxes raccoon

To die bison porcupine

Tundra change skunk

Grassland between To scatter

Forest coast border

Rainforest beetle soil

frozen buttefly grove

North arachnids population

South ticks cheetah

Pole lizard finch

West toad pigeon

East toucans To recycle

To locate sloth To plant

hare jaguar renewable

elephant seal huge energy

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