1

Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

Situation Analysis

Torque, moment, or moment of force is the tendency of a force to rotate an object

around an axis, fulcrum, or pivot. Just as a force is a push or a pull, a torque can be thought

of as a twist to an object. Mathematically, torque is defined as the cross product of the

vector by which the force's application point is offset relative to the fixed suspension point

(distance vector) and the force vector, which tends to produce rotational motion.(Serway

and Jewett, 2003)

Loosely speaking, torque is a measure of the turning force on an object such as a

bolt or a flywheel. For example, pushing or pulling the handle of a wrench connected to a

nut or bolt produces a torque (turning force) that loosens or tightens the nut or bolt. The

magnitude of torque depends on three quantities: the force applied, the length of the lever

arm connecting the axis to the point of force application, and the angle between the force

vector and the lever arm. (Tipler, 2004)

In the United Kingdom and in United States of America mechanical engineering,

this is called moment of force, usually shortened to moment. In United State of America

physics and United Kingdom physics terminology these terms are interchangeable, unlike

in United States of America mechanical engineering, where the term torque is used for the

closely related "resultant moment of a couple". (Subramony and Chinappi, 2007)

 2

Torque is the rate of change of angular momentum of an object. The torque states

that one or both of the angular velocity or the moment of inertia of an object are changing.

Moment is the general term used for the tendency of one or more applied forces to rotate

an object about an axis, but not necessarily to change the angular momentum of the object

(the concept which is called torque in physics). For example, a rotational force applied to

a shaft causing acceleration, such as a drill bit accelerating from rest, results in a moment

called a torque. By contrast, a lateral force on a beam produces a moment (called a bending

moment), but since the angular momentum of the beam is not changing, this bending

moment is not called a torque. Similarly, with any force couple on an object that has no

change to its angular momentum, such moment is also not called a torque. (Kane and

Levinson, 1985)

Basic measurement is important part of man’s technology. Dimensional metrology

designates the process for finding linear and angular measurements. These measurements

are expressed in standard units such as the inch and degree. Dimensional measurements

are utilized in industry to design, manufacture and control all material products. A study of

measurement is an integral part of career education. Materials have been developed to

emphasize the concepts involved in the principles of measurement. (Thomson and Larmor,

2002)

The primacy of measurement is recognized as the common element which governs

all manufacture and science. It is truly a universal language that allows us to transform an

idea to reality.

The three (3) levels of measurements training as stated by Brodhead-Garrette

(1975) and the accompanying material products provide the necessary information for
 3

students to find, interpret, record and relate measurements from a wide variety of precision

instrument. (Brodhead-Garrett, 1975)

A force applied at a right angle to a lever multiplied by its distance from the lever's

fulcrum (the length of the lever arm) is its torque. A force of three newtons applied two

meters from the fulcrum, for example, exerts the same torque as a force of one newton

applied six meters from the fulcrum. The direction of the torque can be determined by using

the right hand grip rule: if the fingers of the right hand are curled from the direction of the

lever arm to the direction of the force, then the thumb points in the direction of the torque.(

http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/tord.html Retrieved 2007-09-08)

Torque is part of the basic specification of an engine: the power output of an engine

is expressed as its torque multiplied by its rotational speed of the axis. Internal-combustion

engines produce useful torque only over a limited range of rotational speeds (typically from

around 1,000–6,000 rpm for a small car). The varying torque output over that range can be

measured with a dynamometer, and shown as a torque curve. (Halliday and Resnick, 1970)

Steam engines and electric motors tend to produce maximum torque close to zero

rpm, with the torque diminishing as rotational speed rises (due to increasing friction and

other constraints). Reciprocating steam engines can start heavy loads from zero RPM

without a clutch. (Kleppner and Kolenkow, 1973)

The focus of the study will be a torch wrench with indicator light. Torque wrench

is an accurate drive flexible beam precision tool of engine tightening specifications as

characterized by 0-100 ft.lb capacity, 0-150 ft.lb capacity, 0-100 ft.16 capacity, and 0-150

ft.16 capacity. (William, 2013)

 4

A torque wrench is a tool used to apply precisely a specific torque to

a fastener such as a nut or bolt. It is usually in the form of a socket wrench with special

internal mechanisms. It was invented by Conrad Bahr in 1918 while working for the New

York City Water Department. It was designed to prevent overtightening bolts on water

main and steam pipe repairs underground. (Groover, 2010)

There are three basic types of torques wrenches, plus "torque sticks", that are used

in the automotive industry. 1) Beam-type: A pointer beam is attached to the wrench head.

As the wrench itself is "twisted" (that's what torque means, a twisting force), the beam

stays in place, and the scale beneath the pointer moves to indicate the amount of twist, or

torque, being applied. It is important that the handle, which "floats" is never locked against

the sides of the wrench. It should always be floating when held, for an accurate torque

reading, 2) Dial Indicator: A simplified beam-type, with a dial attached to the case of the

wrench, to indicate the amount of twisting the wrench handle is going through, 3) Clicker-

type: This unit has a spring-loaded lever, which can be adjusted by twisting the handle to

a desired torque reading. When the amount of twist is achieved, the spring-loaded lever

breaks free, creating a clicking sound, and 4) Torque Sticks (or Torque Limiters): These

are small torsion bars, inserted between (usually) an air wrench (the type used for tire

replacement) or hand air wrenches. and a socket. Each torsion bar has its own twist setting,

and when used, will "bounce-back" the socket, instead of tightening (torqueing) it any

further. It is also important to note that the use of an extension bar, on a torque wrench,

will alter the torque reading. Using a 1-inch, 3-inch, or 6-inch extension will cause

additional twisting to the extension itself, resulting in a torque reading greater than the
 5

actual amount of torque, it was something like 5 foot/pounds extra per inch extension.

(https://www.quora.com/How-does-a-torque-wrench-work)

A torque wrench is used where the tightness of screws and bolts is crucial. It allows

the operator to measure the torque applied to the fastener so it can be matched to the

specifications for a particular application. This permits proper tension and loading of all

parts. A torque wrench measures torque as a proxy for bolt tension. The technique suffers

from inaccuracy due to inconsistent or uncalibrated friction between the fastener and its

mating hole. Measuring bolt tension (indirectly via bolt stretch) is actually what is desired,

but often torque is the only practical measurement which can be made. (Duffy, 1988)

It is an easy-to-use precision tool used to measure the accurate torque on a bolt, nut

or other fastener. In other words, it is used to measure the amount of force applied on

fasteners to meet the criteria set by the manufacturer. It helps the user to be efficient in

tightening or loosening nuts, bolts, and screws while avoiding under-tightening and over-

tightening them. (Smith, 1990)

When we apply a force to the nuts and bolts during the assembly of automobile

parts, we actually apply torque for clamping the parts together. For safety measures and

for the longevity of fasteners, we need proper fastening tools; tools that will precisely

tighten to an exact specification. (http://besttorquewrenches.com/)

A torque wrench is a precision tool and measures the applied force/load/tension on

the threaded fasteners during assembly. It helps to achieve the specific fastening torque

quickly and correctly, yet operates smoothly with minimal human effort. A properly

torqued fastener remains tight during the rigors of operation and vibrations that occur and

can save the vehicle from any serious damages. Inadequate tightening or poorly torque
 6

fasteners can fail suddenly during operation due to high vibrations or strain and may cause

premature failures. To avoid these problems, there is a need for proper torque tools. With

these problems in mind, engineers have designed torque wrenches to apply the specific

amount of torque to joining the parts. (Colvin and Stanley, 1914)

Mostly modern torque wrenches are equipped with a ratchet mechanism. It allows

the user to keep the torque wrench on the fastener once it has reached the end of travel in

the work space. The user simply turns the wrench in the opposite direction from its intended

travel. The ratcheting mechanism uses a gear inside the torque wrench head to let the handle

slip backward while the fastener remains still. It allows faster operation in a tight work

space. (Huth, 2003)

Torque wrenches are used in Automotive, heavy engineering, Aeronautic,

Watercraft, Fertilizers and Defense Organizations, etc. In the retail market, there are

different types of torque wrenches available from several different brands. Every brand’s

torque wrench has the same operating principle, but accuracy, durability and prices are

different. They are available in different sizes and lengths, and are sold in retail shops and

online stores like Amazon. Before selecting or buying a torque wrench, we need to

understand their features and select the best suitable tool according to our needs.

(http://besttorquewrenches.com/)

When purchasing any torque wrench, there are a lot of questions of how to select

the best torque wrench among the numerous sizes and brands available in the market. While

requirements vary from person to person, some important things should be kept in mind

before making a final decision to purchase so that we select the best suitable tool according

to our needs (Oberg, et.al., 2000)

 7

There are different kinds of torque wrenches, from the simplest to the most

sophisticated, all of which are designed to measure the torque value: the amount of force

applied while fastening a nut or bolt. They're all tools designed to both fasten properly and

to prevent over-tightening or under-tightening a bolt. Over-tightening can cause damage to

the fastener, and under-tightening can result in making the item you are attaching or

assembling structurally weak and potentially unsafe for use. This is true for car parts and

for assembling stationary items, as well. Some torque wrenches require constant reading

of the torque indicator, so that you know when to stop twisting the bolt. Some have a dial

to set the required torque, but the indicator doesn't stop applying force automatically when

torque is reached. They may have a visual signal such as a digital reading or an audible

beep or click. Some torque wrenches are difficult to use in tight places where reading a

gauge or indicator may not be possible, as in automotive applications. A click torque

wrench can be preset to a specific torque level. The wrench has a clutch mechanism that

makes a clicking noise and slips when the maximum level is reached to prevent exceeding

the preset torque level. (http://home.howstuffworks.com/torque-wrench-stop-when-

reaches-torque.htm)

These studies show support to the current study that it is feasible to design and

develop a torque wrench with light indicator that can be used for easy reading the tightening

of the bolts.

Therefore, as students who are major in Automotive Technology, the researchers

learned the different skills on how to identify the torque of the material being tightened. It

is the purpose of this study to construct this kind of tool for easy to read and identify the
 8

value of torque of the bolt being tightened that the researchers deemed to conduct this

study, which is the design and development of torque wrench with indicator light.

Statement of Objectives

This study will be aimed to innovate a Torque Wrench with Light Indicator.

Specifically, it will be aimed to:

1. Design a Torque Wrench with Light Indicator;

2. Construct and assemble a Torque Wrench with Light Indicator; and

3. Evaluate the Torque Wrench with Light Indicator in terms of:

3.1. Level of technical soundness

3.2. Level of technical performance;

3.3. Level of social acceptability; and

3.4. Level of economic viability.

Time and Place of the Study

The design and development of Torque Wrench with Light Indicator will be

conducted by the researchers from February 2017 to May 2017. The construction, assembly

and finishing of the project will be conducted during weekends and holidays at Pagdalagan,

San Fernando City, La Union.

 9

Definition of Terms

Acceptability is an act of being accepted or received with approbation. (Geddes

and Grosset, 2002)

Adaptability is a process or condition being adapted that are something produced

by modification, evaluation, revision and testing. (Geddes and Grosset, 2002)

Bolts are any of several types of strong fastening rods, pins, or screws, usually

threaded to receive a nut. (http://www.dictionary.com/browse/bolt?s=t)

Durability is a good or product made to withstand repeated use over a relatively

long period, usually several years or more. (http://www.thefreedictionary.com/durability)

Functionality is the ability to perform a task or function that set of functions that

something is able or equipped to perform.

(http://www.definitions.net/definition/functionality(Noun)The%20ability%20to%20perfo

rm%20a%20task%20or%20function%20that%20set%20of%20functions%20that%20som

ething%20is%20able%20or%20equipped%20to%20perform)

Grip is a mechanical device that grasps and holds.

(http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Grip)

Nuts is a block, usually of metal and generally square or hexagonal, perforated with

a threaded hole so that it can be screwed down on a bolt to hold together objects through

which the bolt passes. (http://www.dictionary.com/browse/nuts?s=t)

Technical Performance is the way in which a machine or other thing performs or

functions. (http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Performance)
 10

Torque is something that produces or tends to produce torsion or rotation; the

moment of a force or system of forces tending to cause rotation.

(http://www.dictionary.com/browse/torque)

Torque wrench is a type of wrench with a gauge attached to indicate the torque

applied to the workpiece. (http://www.dictionary.com/browse/torque-wrench?s=t)

Safety is a device designed to prevent injury or accidents.

(http://www.thefreedictionary.com/safety)

Wrench is a tool for gripping and turning or twisting the head of a bolt, a nut, a

pipe, or the like, commonly consisting of a bar of metal with fixed or adjustable jaws.

(http://www.dictionary.com/browse/wrench?s=t)
 11

Chapter 2

METHODOLOGY

Research Design

This study will be employ the development research design since the study

underwent many stages or phases of developing a Torque Wrench with Light Indicator

particularly, designing, developing, testing and revising, and evaluating. This study will

also be a descriptive evaluative research since it employs the evaluation of the Torque

Wrench with Indicator Light by a panel of experts to determine the level of technical

soundness, level of technical performance, level of social acceptability, and level of

economic viability

Materials and Procedures

In the construction of the Torque Wrench with Light Indicator, the following

supplies and materials will be used as shown in Table 1. These supplies and materials will

be purchased from the local market. As indicated in Table 1, the total cost of supplies and

material used for the development of the Torque Wrench with Light Indicator amounting

to Php1,335.00

Table 1. Bill of Materials

 12

Quantity Item Unit Cost Total

1 piece Torque Wrench Php1500.00 Php1500.00

2 pieces Led Bulb Php30.00 Php60.00

1 piece 9V Battery Php55.00 Php55.00

1 piece Handle Php150.00 Php150.00

1 meter Electric Wire Php40.00 Php40.00

1⁄ Flat Sheet Php60.00 Php60.00

4

Total Php.1865

The table shows that the total cost of the supplies and materials yielded to the

amount of Php1,865.00. Aside from these materials, the following tools will also use in the

construction and development of torque wrench with light indicator: electric drill, pliers,

soldering iron, screw drivers, and multi-tester. The equipment used will be electric drill,

soldering iron, and multi-tester.

The procedures involved in this study began with the design of the torque wrench

with light indicator. The researchers had the design approved by the adviser. They then

proceeded in the gathering of supplies and materials and in preparing the tools and

equipment needed for the construction and development of the torque wrench with

indicator light. The procedures in the construction and development of torque wrench with

light indicator proceeded as follows:

 13

1. Prepare all the materials, supplies and equipment to be used in the project.

2. Bore hole in the portion gauge of torque wrench using electric drill

After the torque wrench with light indicator will be constructed, it will be subjected

to testing and revising. Under the supervision of the adviser and the panel of experts, the

torque wrench with indicator light will be tested to determine if it is operational and

functional. Revisions will be made on the toll upon the suggestions of the adviser and

experts so as refine the tool. After the testing and revising, torque wrench with light

indicator will be again presented to the panel of experts and this time with end users to

evaluate the tool according to the indicators stated via questionnaire to determine its level

of technical performance, functionality, and acceptability.

Data to be gathered

The main data gathering instrument used for the evaluative descriptive phase of the

study will be a questionnaire with indicators pertaining to the technical performance,

functionality and acceptability of the Torque Wrench with Light Indicator. The

questionnaire will be validated by the experts along the field of automotive technology.

The indicators will be a five (5) point Likert Scale with the following descriptive

equivalents:
 14

Point Value Descriptive Equivalent

5 = 4.20 - 5.00--------- Excellent/Very Highly Functional or Acceptable

4 = 3.40 - 4.19--------- Very Good/Highly Functional or Acceptable

3 = 2.60 – 3.39--------- Moderate/Moderately Functional or Acceptable

2 = 1.80 – 2.59--------- Fair/Slightly Functional or Acceptable

1 = 1.00 – 1.79--------- Poor/ Not Functional or Acceptable

The data gathered will be the ratings of the respondents as indicated in the answered

questionnaires. The data gathered will be tabulated and subjected for data analysis.

Analysis of Data

After the collection of the accomplished questionnaire, data will be tallied,

tabulated, and presented in table form and subsequently subjected for appropriate statistical

treatment. Frequency counts, mean, and percentage will be used to treat descriptively the

level of technical soundness, technical performance, acceptability, and viability.

 15

Level of technical performance

No Of Trial Tightness DE

1 20 psi Good

2 20 psi Good

3 20 psi Good

4 20 psi Good

5 20 psi Good

6 20 psi Good

7 20 psi Good

8 20 psi Good

9 20 psi Good

10 20 psi Good

Mean 20 psi Good

 16

Chapter 3

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Construction of Torque Wrench with Light Indicator Tool

Development of Torque Wrench with Light Indicator

The project study was based on the idea of an auto-mechanic tool that may

apply to many sizes in easiest way of removing knots and bolts of a vehicle. The

researchers and their adviser conceived the idea of making a special tool for auto-

mechanics to enable them to measure the tightness of the knots or bolts of the vehicle. This

idea was brought about when the researchers considered the need of a tool that is capable

of indicating the right tightness of the knot/bolts of the vehicles. Then they decided to

produce a “Torque Wrench with Light Indicator”.

Design of the Torque Wrench with Light Indicator

The Torque Wrench with Light Indicator was designed for Indicating the

right tightness of knots/bolts of the vehicles. Originally, the tool was constructed only to

be used when the knots/bolts of a vehicle doesn`t have the right tightness.
 17

Fabrication, Assembly and Construction

The fabrication of Torque Wrench with Light Indicator was conducted at

auto-shop with the adviser Mr. Merlito Flores inside DMMMSU MLUC located at

Catbangen, City of San Fernando, La Union. Through trial and error, the design of the

special tool was finalized and fabricated. The Parts of the Torque Wrench with Light

Indicator is shown in figure 1.

After the device was completely assembled and all parts completely installed, the

tool was ready for use. The tool is manually manipulated using hand manpower. In order

to see its function, the tool needs human force to tighten and loosen the knots/bolts of a

vehicles to indicate the right tightness. After the device was set, it was allowed to be used

in order to observe its performance.

 18

Fig. 1. Isometric View of the Torque Wrench with Light Indicator

 19

Fig. 2. Exploded View of the Torque Wrench with Light Indicator

 20

Chapter 4

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATION

SUMMARY

A torque wrench is used where the tightness of screws and bolts is crucial. It allows

the operator to measure the torque applied to the fastener so it can be matched to the

specifications for a particular application. Torque wrenches are used in Automotive, heavy

engineering, Aeronautic, Watercraft, Fertilizers and Defense Organizations, etc. There are

different kinds of torque wrenches, from the simplest to the most sophisticated, all of which

are designed to measure the torque value: the amount of force applied while fastening a nut

or bolt. They're all tools designed to both fasten properly and to prevent over-tightening or

under-tightening a bolt. Over-tightening can cause damage to the fastener, and under-

tightening can result in making the item you are attaching or assembling structurally weak

and potentially unsafe for use. These studies show support to the current study that it is

feasible to design and develop a torque wrench with light indicator that can be used for

easy reading the tightening of the bolts.

Therefore, as students who are major in Automotive Technology, the researchers

learned the different skills on how to identify the torque of the material being tightened. It

is the purpose of this study to construct this kind of tool for easy to read and identify the

value of torque of the bolt being tightened that the researchers deemed to conduct this

study, which is the design and development of torque wrench with light indicator. This

study will be aimed to innovate a Torque Wrench with Light Indicator. Specifically, it will

be aimed to: design a Torque Wrench with Light Indicator; construct and assemble a
 21

Torque Wrench with Light Indicator; and evaluate the Torque Wrench with Light Indicator

in terms of: level of technical soundness; level of technical performance; level of social

acceptability; and level of economic viability.

The design and development of Torque Wrench with Light Indicator will be conducted by

the researchers from February 2017 to May 2017. The construction, assembly and finishing

of the project will be conducted during weekends and holidays at Pagdalagan, San

Fernando City, La Union.

CONCLUSIONS

RECOMMENDATION
 22

LITERATURE CITED

Brodhead-Garrett. (1975). Complete Assembly and Operation of Tools and Instrument. X-

L Experience Company

Colvin, Fred Herbert and Stanley, Frank Arthur (1914), American Machinists' Handbook

and Dictionary of Shop Terms (2nd ed.), McGraw-Hill

Geddes and Grosset (2002). Webster’s Universal Dictionary and Thesaurus. David Dale

House New Landmark: Scotland

Groover, Mikell P. (2010), Fundamentals of Modern Manufacturing: Materials, Processes,

and Systems (4th ed.), John Wiley and Sons, p. 767, ISBN 978-0-470-46700-8

Halliday, David and Resnick, Robert (1970). Fundamentals of Physics. John Wiley & Sons,

Inc. pp. 184–85

Hendricks, Subramony and Van Blerk, Chinappi. (2007). Physics for Engineering.

Subramony and Chinappi Press. page 148, Web link

Huth, Mark W. (2003), Basic Principles for Construction, Cengage Learning, Scotland

Press Co. ISBN 1-4018-3837-5

http://besttorquewrenches.com/

http://home.howstuffworks.com/torque-wrench-stop-when-reaches-torque.htm

http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/tord.html Retrieved 2007-09-08

http://www.definitions.net/definition/functionality(Noun)The%20ability%20to%20perfor

m%20a%20task%20or%20function%20that%20set%20of%20functions%20that%

20something%20is%20able%20or%20equipped%20to%20perform
 23

http://www.dictionary.com/browse/bolt?s=t

http://www.dictionary.com/browse/torque

http://www.dictionary.com/browse/torque-wrench?s=t

http://www.dictionary.com/browse/wrench?s=t

https://www.quora.com/How-does-a-torque-wrench-work

http://www.thefreedictionary.com/durability

http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Grip

http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Performance

http://www.thefreedictionary.com/safety

James E. Duffy. (1988). Technology & Engineering. Goodheart-Willcox Company.

Kleppner, Daniel; Kolenkow, Robert (1973). An Introduction to Mechanics. McGraw-Hill.

pp. 267–68

Oberg, Erik; Jones, Franklin D.; Horton, Holbrook L.; and Ryffel, Henry H. (2000),

Machinery's Handbook (26th ed.), New York: Industrial Press Inc., ISBN 0-8311-

2635-3

Serway, R. A. and Jewett, Jr. J. W. (2003). Physics for Scientists and Engineers. 6th Ed.

Brooks Cole. ISBN 0-534-40842-7

Smith, Carroll. (1990), Carroll Smith's Nuts, Bolts, Fasteners, and Plumbing Handbook,

MotorBooks/MBI Publishing Company, ISBN 0-87938-406-9

Thomson, James; Larmor, Joseph (2002). Collected Papers in Physics and Engineering.

University Press. p. civ., at Google books

Tipler, Paul (2004). Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Mechanics, Oscillations and

Waves, Thermodynamics (5th ed.). W. H. Freeman. ISBN 0-7167-0809-4

 24

T.R. Kane and D.A. Levinson. (1985). Dynamics, Theory and Applications. Kane and

Levinson Press, pp. 90–99: Free download

William Rogers (2013). "Part 1: The Progressive

Machinist".https://books.google.com/books?id=jKUJAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA171&d

q=moncky+monkey-wrench+inauthor: rogers#PPP11,M1Theo. Audel &

Company, New York

 25

APPENDICES
 26

Appendix A

LETTER TO EVALUATORS

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

Sir:

We, the Bachelor of Science in Industrial Technology students are on the process

of validating our questionnaire for the evaluation of our technical research entitled,

“TORQUE WRENCH WITH LIGHT INDICATOR” which required us to evaluate its

level of technical performance, level of functionality and level of acceptability.

In this regard, we would like to request you to validate the attached

questionnaire. Your comments and suggestions are very much considered for the

improvement of the said instrument.

We thank you very much for your kind support to this research study.

Very truly yours,

 27

AJIDO, MARK STEVENSON S.

ANDRADA, CHRISTIAN E.

BALAGOT, SHEENE P.

BUCCAT, ROLDAN CALBONE

CASICA, RESTY M.

CORPUZ, MARK JOSEPH CHAN

DE GUZMAN, MELVIN B.

RULLAN, RYAN JULIUS P.

SELIGER, HANK MARCEL C.

 28

Appendix B

EVALUATION INSTRUMENT

Direction: Below are the indicators to determine the level of technical soundness, level of

technical performance, level of social acceptability, and level of economic viability.

Please put a check (√ ) in the box that corresponds to the descriptive evaluation

rating of your assessment using the rating scale that follows:

5- Excellent 4- Very Good 3- Good 2- moderate 1- low

I. Level of Technical Soundness 5 4 3 2 1

1.1.Durability of Parts

1.2. Simplicity of Mechanism

1.3. Safe to use

1.4. Portability

1.5. Easy to use

1.6. Originality of Design

1.7. Easy maintenance

1.8. Overall appearance of the design

1.9. Functionality

1.9.1. The light indicator lights up when the right

tightness reach
 29

9.1.2. it can easily use under chassis

II. Level of Technical Performance

2.1. Quality of output/ precision of device

2.1.1. The material quality

2.2. Precision of Performance operation

2.2.1. The material were granted to the desire size

2.2.2. Electrical wire is properly assembled

2.2.3. Battery properly attached

2.2.4. L.E.D lights are well installed

2.2.5. The wires are properly tapered

III. Level of Social Acceptability

3.1 The device is easy to manipulate

3.2 Quick to respond

3.3 The device is friendly

IV. Level of Economic Viability

4.1 The device is affordable

4.2 The device’ parts are replaceable

 30

Appendix C

Data Matrix

RESPONDEN TECHNICAL SOUNDNESS MEA

T N
1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1.9. 1.9.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

RESPONDENT TECHNICAL PERFORMANCE MEAN

2.1 2.1.1 2.2 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3 2.2.4 2.2.5 2.2.6
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
 31

RESPONDENT ACCEPTABILITY MEAN

3.1 3.2 3.3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
 32

Appendix D

Plate and Diagrams

Fig. 1. Isometric View of the Torque Wrench with Light Indicator

 33

Fig. 2. Exploded View of the Torque Wrench with Light Indicator

 34

Appendix E

Operational Manual
 35

Appendix F

Frequency Tables
 36

CURRICULUM VITAE

Name: ANDRADA, Christian E.

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Address: San Fernando City, La Union

Gender: Male

CP Number: 09126457086

E-mail Address: AndradaChristian18@yahoo.com

Date of Birth: April 6, 1996

Birth of Place: Baguio City

Civil Status: Single

Citizenship: Filipino

Height: 5′ 6"

Weight: 65kg

Religion: Born Again

Father’s Name: Wifredo Andrada Occupation: OFW

Mother’s Name: Arlene Andrada Occupation: Office

Language or dialect spoken and written: Filipino, English, Iloco

Person to be contacted in case of emergency: Arlene Andrada

Address: Sevilla, City of San Fernando

 37

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

College: Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University

Mid La Union Campus

San Fernando City, La Union

High School: La Union National High School

San Fernando City, La Union

2012-2013

Elementary: Sevilla Community School

San Fernando City, La Union

2007-2008

WORK EXPERIENCE:

OTHERS:

TIN No.: 459-449-021

Passport No.: EB8614022

 38

Name: AJIDO, Mark Stevenson S.

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Address: Aringay, La Union

Gender: Male

CP Number: 09108431653

E-mail Address: Markstevensonajido@yahoo.com

Date of Birth: January 25, 1998

Birth of Place: Nueva Vizcaya

Civil Status: Single

Citizenship: Filipino

Height: 5′ 5"

Weight: 52

Religion: Born Again

Father’s Name: Quintin Ajido III Occupation: Mechanic

Mother’s Name: Amielaida Soriano Occupation: OFW

Language or dialect spoken and written: Tagalog, English and Iloco

Person to be contacted in case of emergency: None

Address: Aringay, La Union

 39

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

College: Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University

Mid La Union Campus

San Fernando City, La Union

High School: Nueva Vizcaya General Comprehensive High School

Elementary: Dubinan Elementary School

WORK EXPERIENCE: None

 40

Name: BALAGOT, Sheene P.

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Address: Quinavite, Bauang, La Union

Gender: Male

CP Number: 09099371232

E-mail Address: SHEENE_BALAGOT@YAHOO.COM

Date of Birth: June 20, 1998

Birth of Place: San Fernando City, La Union

Civil Status: Single

Citizenship: Filipino

Height: 5′ 10"

Weight: 80

Religion: Roman Catholic

Father’s Name: Ric M. Balagot Occupation: Butcher

Mother’s Name: Elizabeth P. Balagot Occupation: Office

Language or dialect spoken and written: Tagalog, English and Ilokano

Person to be contacted in case of emergency: Corazon Eloria

Address: 170 Quinavite, Bauang, La Union

 41

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

College: Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University

Mid La Union Campus

San Fernando City, la Union

High School: Baccuit National High School

Bauang, La Union

Elementary: Saint Peter and Paul Learning Center

Bauang, La Union

WORK EXPERIENCE: None

 42

Name: BUCCAT, Roldan Calbone

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Address: San Fernando City, La Union

Gender: Male

CP Number:

E-mail Address:

Date of Birth: August 4, 1995

Birth of Place: Lacong, San Gabriel, La Union

Civil Status: Single

Citizenship: Filipino

Height: 5`9

Weight: 70 kg

Religion: Iglesia Ni Cristo

Father’s Name: Mariano Buccat Occupation: Construction

Mother’s Name: Carolina Buccat Occupation: Housewife

Language or dialect spoken and written: None

Person to be contacted in case of emergency: None

Address: NPA
 43

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

College: Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University

Mid La Union Campus

San Fernando City, La Union

High School: La Union National High School

San Fernando City, La Union

Elementary: Lacong Elementary School

San Gabriel, La Union

WORK EXPERIENCE:

Goldilocks Service Crew

San Fernando City, La Union

 44

Name: CASICA, Resty M.

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Address: San Simon West, Aringay, La Union

Gender: Male

CP Number: 09488509277

E-mail Address: None

Date of Birth: October 31, 1997

Birth of Place: Aringay, La Union

Civil Status: Single

Citizenship: Filipino

Height: 5′ 6"

Weight: 69

Religion: Iglesia Ni Cristo

Father’s Name: Guillermo Casica Occupation: OFW

Mother’s Name: Flora Casica Occupation: OFW

Language or dialect spoken and written: Tagalog

Person to be contacted in case of emergency: Flora Casica

Address: San Simon West, Aringay, La Union

 45

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

College: Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University

Mid La Union Campus

San Fernando City, La Union

High School: Notre Dame Institute

Aringay, La Union

Elementary: San Simon Elementary School

Aringay, La Union

WORK EXPERIENCE: None

 46

Name: CORPUZ, Mark Joseph Chan

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Address: Payocpoc, Bauang, La Union

Gender: Male

CP Number: 097769697782

E-mail Address: None

Date of Birth: April 6, 1996

Birth of Place:

Civil Status: Single

Citizenship: Filipino

Height: 5′ 5"

Weight: 45

Religion: Roman Catholic

Father’s Name: Joseph Andrada Corpuz Occupation: construction

Mother’s Name: Marry Ann Chan Corpuz Occupation: teacher

Language or dialect spoken and written: Tagalog and English

Person to be contacted in case of emergency: Joseph Andrada Corpuz

Address: Payocpoc, Bauang, La Union

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
 47

College: Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University

Mid La Union Campus

San Fernando City, La Union

High School: Sacred Heart School of La Union

Bauang, La Union

Elementary: Payocpoc Elementary School

Bauang, La Union

WORK EXPERIENCE: None

 48

Name: DE GUZMAN, Melvin B.

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Address: Naguilian, La Union

Gender: Male

CP Number: 09090202026

E-mail Address: None

Date of Birth: January 21, 1998

Birth of Place: San Fernando City, La Union

Civil Status: Single

Citizenship: Filipino

Height: 5′ 4"

Weight: 46

Religion: Atheist

Father’s Name: Jovencio C. De Guzman Occupation: Driver

Mother’s Name: Melani B. De Guzman Occupation: House wife

Language or dialect spoken and written: Tagalog, Iloco, and Pangasinansi

Person to be contacted in case of emergency: Jovencio C. De Guzman

Address: Lioac, Naguilian, La Union

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
 49

College: Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University

Mid La Union Campus

San Fernando City, La Union

High School: La Union Cultural Institute

La Union National High School

San Fernando City, La Union

Elementary: Naguilian Elementary School

Naguilian, La Union

Lingsat Elementary School

San Fernando City, La Union

WORK EXPERIENCE: None

 50

Name: RULLAN, Ryan Julius P.

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Address: Gana, Caba, La Union

Gender: Male

CP Number: 09203887737

E-mail Address: None

Date of Birth: January 14, 1998

Birth of Place: Agoo, La Union

Civil Status: Single

Citizenship: Filipino

Height: 5′ 3"

Weight: 57 kg

Religion: Roman Catholic

Father’s Name: Joel C. Rullan Occupation: Fisherman

Mother’s Name: Jocelyn P. Rullan Occupation: Vendor

Language or dialect spoken and written: Tagalog, Iloco, and English

Person to be contacted in case of emergency: Jocelyn P. Rullan

Address: Gana, Caba, La Union

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
 51

College: Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University

Mid La Union Campus

San Fernando City, La Union

High School: Caba National High School

Caba, La Union

Elementary: San Benito Elementary School

Caba, La Union

WORK EXPERIENCE: None

 52

Name: SELIGER, Hank Marcel C.

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Address: San Juan, La Union

Gender: Male

CP Number: 09777361064

E-mail Address: None

Date of Birth: October 5, 1997

Birth of Place: Lorma, San Fernando City, La Union

Civil Status: Single

Citizenship: Filipino/German

Height: 5′ 8"

Weight: 70

Religion: Roman Catholic

Father’s Name: Sieghard Reirchdddleurt Seliger Occupation: Retired General

Mother’s Name: Dolores Cargo Seliger Occupation: housewife

Language or dialect spoken and written: Tagalog, Iloco, English, and German

Person to be contacted in case of emergency:

Address: San Juan, La Union

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
 53

College: Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University

Mid La Union Campus

San Fernando City, La Union

High School: Saint Louis College

San Fernando City, La Union

Elementary: SPPLC

WORK EXPERIENCE: None