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CHEMISTRY MIDTERM REVIEW QUESTIONS

1. What is Chemistry?
2. Summarize the process of the scientific method.
3. Contrast a scientific theory and law.
4. Contrast quantitative and qualitative data.
5. Contrast dependent and independent variables.
6. What are the SI base units for length? Mass? Temperature? Time?
7. What is the formula and units for density?
8. Convert 15.4 ft to meters
9. Traveling at 63 miles/hour, how many feet can you travel in 58 minutes?
10. Convert 12 ft3 to cm3.
11. How many km/s are in 9.3 mi/hr?
12. Write 8,005,364,004,000 in scientific notation with 3 sig figs.
13. Write 0.0062135435 in scientific notation with 2 sig figs.
14. What is the difference between accuracy and precision?
15. What are the rules to determining if a number is significant or not?
16. How many sig figs: 6890, 58098, 0.0098, 5900, 6.00x107, 0.0098370
17. Perform the operation and round appropriately:
81.4 + 0.10 =
6.47 + 64.8905=
43.678 x 64.1 =
1.678 / 0.42 =

18. What is the formula for percent error?


19. Define matter and mass.
20. Compare physical and chemical properties. Give an example of each.
21. Compare intensive and extensive properties. Give an example of each.
22. What are the three main states of matter? Compare their shape, volume, and movement of
particles.
23. How does a vapor differ from a gas?
24. Compare physical and chemical changes. Give 2 examples of each.
25. What are 4 pieces of evidence of a chemical change?
26. Compare substances and mixtures.
27. What are the two types of mixtures? Compare the two and give 2 examples of each.
28. What are the two types of substances? Compare the two and give 2 examples of each.
29. What is an alloy? Give an example.
30. List and describe the 4 ways to separate a mixture.
31. How are elements named?
32. What do the subscripts in a chemical formula tell us?
33. Draw a diagram showing the relationships between the following terms: Matter, elements,
mixtures, compounds, substances, homogeneous mixtures, heterogeneous mixtures.
34. Draw a picture of what the particles would look like in each: element, mixture, and compound.
35. Know the 6 compounds from the chart (water, glucose, sucrose, carbon dioxide, methane,
ammonia)
36. Know the 40 elements and symbols.
37. What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
38. What is the Law of Definite Proportions?
39. What is the Law of Multiple Proportions?
40. Summarize Dalton’s atomic theory.
41. Compare/Contrast protons, neutrons, and electrons. Know their symbol, where they are found,
their charge, and relative mass.

42. Compare Dalton, Thompson, Rutherford, and Bohr and Schrondinger based on their ideas of
the atom. What did they call their model? Draw a diagram that represents their model. What
is our current model called? How are the electrons distributed in our current model?

43. Define atomic number. How do you determine it? What particle is it based off of?

44. What is mass number? How do you calculate it?

45. What is the different between mass number and atomic mass?

46. “The atomic mass of nitrogen represents the mass of the most common naturally occurring
isotope of nitrogen.” Decide whether this statement is true or false and explain why.

47. Define isotopes.

48. Element L has an average atomic mass of 48.693 amu and is composed of two isotopes. The
first has a mass of 47.965 amu and makes up 47.240% of a standard sample. What is the
mass of the second isotope?
49. Complete the chart:
Isotope Atomic Mass Number of Number of Number of
Notation Number Number p+ n0 e-
S-33

61
29𝐶𝑢

50. Magnesium occurs in nature in three isotopic forms:


O-16 (80.0% abundance)
O - 17 (15.0% abundance)
O - 18 (5.0% abundance)
Calculate the atomic mass of Oxygen. Show all work.

51. What are the three rules we use when completing the electron configurations for various
atoms? Explain each rule.

52. Explain the differences between levels, sublevels, orbitals, and spins.

53. What are the 5 elements that break the Aufbau rule? Why do they break the rule?

54. What are valence electrons? How do we determine them?

55. Complete the electron configuration, orbital notation, electron dot and noble gas shortcut for
Copper (Cu) and Mercury (Hg).

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