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Code: IBC 2003

20 cm

5°
#5 @ 20 cm (cut off)  = 16 kN/m³
 = 30°
1.7 m c = 0 kPa
2.57 m
2.92 m
160 cm (cutoff)  = 15.71 kN/m³
122 cm  = 30°
c = 0 kPa
35 cm
0.2 m

#5 bars @ 10 cm 1.2 m #5 bars @ 20 cm

30 cm

0.5 m 0.8 m
Wall Loads
General 1.5 m Backfill Assumptions
Burial Depth 1.22 m Retained Height 1.7 m Restrained Against Sliding No
Material Slope 5° Neglect Bearing @ Heel Yes
Rebar Fy 413.7 MPa Gamma (weight) 16 kN/m³ Use Vert. Comp. for OT No
Concrete F'c 20.69 MPa Use Equiv. Fluid Pressure (EFP) No Use Vert. Comp. for Sliding No
Unit Weight 23.56 kN/m³ Analysis Type Rankine Use Vert. Comp. for Bearing Yes
Footing Phi (friction angle) 30° Use Surcharge for Sliding & OT Yes
Footing Thickness 35 cm Cohesion 0 kPa Use Surcharge for Bearing Yes
Heel Length 0.8 m Has Water in Backfill No Neglect soil over toe No
Toe Length 0.5 m Passive Pressure @ Toe Neglect Backfill Wt. for Coulomb No
Heel Bar Size #5 Calculation Method Rankine Factor Soil Wt as Dead Yes
Heel Bar Spacing 20 cm Phi (friction angle) 30° Use Passive Force for OT Yes
Hook Heel Bars Downward No Cohesion 0 kPa Assume Pressure to Top Yes
Heel Bar Ld 80 cm Gamma (weight) 15.71 kN/m³
Heel Bar Cover 5.08 cm Apply Only to Key No
Toe Bars Hook Into Stem Yes Overburden Depth To Ignore 0.3 m
Toe Bar Cover 7.62 cm Surcharge (Uniform)
Key Surcharge Type None
Has Key Yes Surcharge (Line/Strip)
Key Depth 0.2 m Type None
Key Width 30 cm Axial Load
Key Position Heel End Apply Axial Load On Stem No
Lateral Load
General Apply Lateral Pressure To Stem No
Stem Type Single / Tapered Seismic Loading
Geotechnical
Bars Developed @ Top No Has Backfill Seismic Load No
Friction Coefficent 0.35
Has Lateral Support (Restrained Wall)
No
Wall Friction Angle 25°
Extension Above Backfill 0m
Geometry
Stem Top Thickness 20 cm
Tapered No
Bar Cover 5.08 cm
Stability Criteria
Reinforcement
Required F.S. for Overturning 1.50
Dowel Bar Size #5
Required F.S. for Sliding 1.50
Dowel Bar Spacing 10 cm
Allowable Bearing Pressure 143.6 kPa
Bars are Centered No
Req'd Bearing Location Middle third
Dowel Bar Embedment Hook into Toe
Has Lapped Bars No
Cutoff Alternate Bars Yes
Length of Cutoff Bars 160 cm

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Code: IBC 2003

Load Combinations Checked

Stem Base Mu: Stem Pos Mu: Stem Base Vu: Heel Mu: Heel Vu: Toe Mu: Toe Vu:
1.4D 0 kN·m/m 0 kN·m/m 0 kN/m 0 kN·m/m 1.42 kN·m/m 0 kN·m/m 0.57 kN·m/m
1.2D + 1.6H 24.33 kN·m/m 0 kN·m/m 28.4 kN/m 19.24 kN·m/m 1.22 kN·m/m 10.37 kN·m/m 0.51 kN·m/m
1.2D 0 kN·m/m 0 kN·m/m 0 kN/m 0 kN·m/m 1.22 kN·m/m 0 kN·m/m 0.49 kN·m/m
0.9D + 1.6H 24.33 kN·m/m 0 kN·m/m 28.4 kN/m 14.43 kN·m/m 0.91 kN·m/m 7.9 kN·m/m 0.39 kN·m/m

Force Calculations
Backfill Pressure

 = 16 kN/m³
 = 30°
c = 0 kPa

2.1 kN/m
24.12 kN/m
24.02 kN/m
1m
16.13 kPa

Ka = cos  [cos  + sqrt (cos² - cos²)]

cos  - sqrt (cos² - cos²)
= cos (5°) [
cos (5°) - sqrt [cos² (5°) - cos² (30°)]
cos (5°) + sqrt [cos² (5°) - cos² (30°)]] = 0.34

a = HKa = (16 kN/m³) (2.99 m) 0.34 = 16.13 kPa

1 1 H 2.99 m
Pa = H = (2.99 m) (16.13 kPa) = 24.12 kN/m Location = = = 1m 5° w/ horizontal
2 a 2 3 3

Passive Pressure @ Toe

 = 15.71 kN/m³
 = 30°
c = 0 kPa
29.31 kN/m0.17 m
52.56 kPa

[
Kp = tan² 45° + ]

2 [
= tan² 45° +
30°
2 ] = 3.00

p =  (db + Hkey) Kp + 2c*sqrt (Kp) = (15.71 kN/m³) (1.12 m + 0.2 m) 3.00 + 2 (0 kPa) *sqrt (3.00) = 52.56 kPa

1( )  = 1 (1.12 m) (52.56 kPa) = 29.31 kN/m Hpress 1.12 m

Pp = H Location = - Hkey = - 0.2 m = 0.17 m
2 press p 2 3 3

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 ingenieros Project Title
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Code: IBC 2003

Force Calculations
Wall Weights
W1 = 1A1 = (23.56 kN/m³) (0.53 m²) = 12.37 kN/m
W2 = 2A2 = (23.56 kN/m³) (0.51 m²) = 12.11 kN/m
W3 = 3A3 = (23.56 kN/m³) (0.06 m²) = 1.41 kN/m
d1 = 0.75 m
W2 d2 = 0.6 m
2
d2 d3 = 1.35 m

1 W1
3 d1 W3
d3

Backfill Weights
W4 = 4A4 = (16 kN/m³) (2.06 m²) = 32.9 kN/m
5 W5 W5 = 5A5 = (16 kN/m³) (0.03 m²) = 0.45 kN/m
d5 W6 = 6A6 = (15.71 kN/m³) (0.44 m²) = 6.83 kN/m
d4 = 1.1 m
d5 = 1.23 m
4 W4 d6 = 0.25 m
d4
6 W6
d6

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Code: IBC 2003

Force Calculations
Bearing Pressure

R 5.39 kPa
L 85.51 kPa
dR
R

R = W1 + W2 + W3 + W4 + W5 + W6 + Pav
= 12.37 kN/m + 12.11 kN/m + 1.41 kN/m + 32.9 kN/m + 0.45 kN/m + 6.83 kN/m + 2.1 kN/m
= 68.18 kN/m (96.9% dead, 0.0% live, 3.1% earth )

H
M = W1d1 + W2d2 + W3d3 + W4d4 + W5d5 + W6d6 + Pavbf - Pah
3
= (0.75 m) (12.37 kN/m) + (0.6 m) (12.11 kN/m) + (1.35 m) (1.41 kN/m) + (1.1 m) (32.9 kN/m) + (1.23 m) (0.45 kN/m) + (0.25 m) (6.83 kN/m)
2.99 m
+ (2.1 kN/m) (1.5 m) - (24.02 kN/m)
3
= 36.11 kN·m/m

M 36.11 kN·m/m
dR = = = 0.53 m
R 68.18 kN/m

L =
R
L [ d
1+3 1-2 R
L ( )] =
68.18 kN/m
1.5 m [
1+3 1-2 (
0.53 m
1.5 m )] = 85.51 kPa

R =
R
L [ ( d
1-3 1-2 R
L )] =
68.18 kN/m
1.5 m [ (
1-3 1-2
0.53 m
1.5 m )] = 5.39 kPa

Friction Force
F = R = (0.35) (66.07 kN/m) = 23.13 kN/m
Note: Bearing resultant used here was decreased by 2.1 kN/m to remove vertical backfill component effect.
(prevent vertical backfill component from contributing to sliding resistance)

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Code: IBC 2003

Stability Checks
Overturning Check Sliding Check
Overturning Moments Sliding Force(s)
Force Distance Moment Backfill pressure (horz) 24.02 kN/m
Backfill pressure (horz) 24.02 kN/m 1m 23.94 kN·m/m Total: 24.02 kN/m
Total: 23.94 kN·m/m Resisting Force(s)
Resisting Moments Passive pressure @ toe 29.31 kN/m
Force Distance Moment Friction 23.13 kN/m
W1 (footing) 12.37 kN/m 0.75 m 9.28 kN·m/m Total: 52.43 kN/m
W2 (stem) 12.11 kN/m 0.6 m 7.27 kN·m/m RF 52.43 kN/m
F.S. = = = 2.182 (OK)
W3 (key) 1.41 kN/m 1.35 m 1.91 kN·m/m SF 24.02 kN/m
W4 (soil) 32.9 kN/m 1.1 m 36.19 kN·m/m
W5 (soil) 0.45 kN/m 1.23 m 0.55 kN·m/m
W6 (soil) 6.83 kN/m 0.25 m 1.71 kN·m/m
Passive pressure @ toe 29.31 kN/m 0.17 m 5.03 kN·m/m
Total: 61.93 kN·m/m
RM 61.93 kN·m/m
F.S. = = = 2.587 (OK)
OTM 23.94 kN·m/m

Bearing Capacity Check

Max bearing pressure < allowable (85.51 kPa < 143.6 kPa), bearing OK

Resultant is within middle third (OK)

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Code: IBC 2003

Heel Check
b2 = 1.12 kPa (backfill)
Min Reinforcement Check
b = 41.12 kPa (backfill)
Mn 104.1 kN·m/m
Not needed: capacity 1/3 greater than req'd: = = 5.408
c = 8.25 kPa (concrete) Mu 19.24 kN·m/m

5.08 cm (cover)#5 bars @ 20 cm

35 cm

(neglect bearing pressure)

=80 cm

Design Forces
Controlling combination: 1.2D + 1.6H

1 1 1 1 1 1
Mu = 1.20  L² + 1.20 bL² + 1.20 b2L² = 1.20 (8.25 kPa) (0.8 m) ² + 1.20 (41.12 kPa) (0.8 m) ² + 1.20 (1.12 kPa) (0.8 m) ² = 19.24 kN·m/m
2 c 2 3 2 2 3

M u @ stem base = 24.33 kN·m/m > 19.24 kN·m/m (does not control for heel)

1 1
Vu = 1.20cL + 1.20bL + 1.20b2L = 1.20 (8.25 kPa) (0.8 m) + 1.20 (41.12 kPa) (0.8 m) + 1.20 (1.12 kPa) (0.8 m) = 47.93 kN/m
2 2

Shear Check
Vn =  [2 sqrt (f'c)] d = (0.75) [2 sqrt (3000 psi)] (11.47 in) = 165 kN/m Vn > Vu

Min Tensile Strain Check

Extreme tensile strain = 0.0286 > 0.004

Flexure Check
Mn = AsFy (d - a/2) = 0.90 (1000 mm²/m) (413.7 MPa) [29.13 cm - (2.35 cm) /2] = 104.1 kN·m/m Mn > Mu

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Code: IBC 2003

Heel Check
Development
Ld 3 fy  3 60000 psi (1.0) (1.0) (0.8) (1.0)
= = = 26.29
db
db [
40 sqrt (f'c) c + Ktr
] 40 sqrt (3000 psi) 2.50

c + Ktr 5.87 cm + 0
where: = = 3.70 > 2.5  use 2.5
db 15.88 mm

where:  = 1.0 (12" fresh concrete below)  = 1.0 (bars not coated)  = 0.8 (bar size  #6)  = 1.0 (normal wt concrete)

K tr = 0 (no transverse reinforcement) c = 5.87 cm (lesser of bar ctr to outer edge or half of ctr - to ctr spacing)

Ld
Ld = d = (26.29) (15.88 mm) = 41.74 cm
db b

Excess reinforcement reduction of 12.2.5: 18.5%L d = 18.5% (41.74 cm) = 7.72 cm

Required Ld = 7.72 cm  Actual Ld (80 cm)

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Code: IBC 2003

Toe Check
Min Reinforcement Check
c = 8.25 kPa (concrete) Mn 180.5 kN·m/m
Not needed: capacity 1/3 greater than req'd: = = 17.398
Mu 10.37 kN·m/m

35 cm
#5 bars @ 10 cm

58.8 kPa
85.51 kPa

Design Forces
Controlling combination: 1.2D + 1.6H

Bearing load factor: take weighted average of factors from all sources based on contribution (see bearing calcs) :

96.9% (1.20 - Dead) + 0.0% (0.00 - Live) + 3.1% (1.60 - Earth) = 1.21

Mu = - 1.20 [12  L²] + 1.21 [12  L² + 13 ( -  ) L²]

c br bl br

- 1.20 [ (8.25 kPa) (0.5 m) ²] + 1.21 [ (58.8 kPa) (0.5 m) ² + ]

1 1 1(
= 85.51 kPa - 58.8 kPa) (0.5 m) ²
2 2 3
= 10.37 kN·m/m

M u @ stem base = 24.33 kN·m/m > 10.37 kN·m/m (does not control for toe)

Vu = - 1.20cL + 1.21 [brL + (bl - br) L/2] = - 1.20 (8.25 kPa) (0.23 m) + 1.21 [(73.01 kPa) (0.23 m) + (85.51 kPa - 73.01 kPa) (0.23 m) /2] = 20.18 kN/m

(taken @ 'd' from the base of the stem: d = 26.59 cm, bearing pressure @ d = 73.01 kPa)

Shear Check
Vn =  [2 sqrt (f'c)] d = (0.75) [2 sqrt (3000 psi)] (10.47 in) = 150.6 kN/m Vn > Vu

Min Tensile Strain Check

Extreme tensile strain = 0.0114 > 0.004

Flexure Check
Mn = AsFy (d - a/2) = 0.90 (2000 mm²/m) (413.7 MPa) [26.59 cm - (4.71 cm) /2] = 180.5 kN·m/m Mn > Mu

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Code: IBC 2003

Toe Check
Development
#5 bars @ 10 cm: Developed by 90° hook

L dh = (0.02fy/sqrt (f'c)) db = (0.02 (1.0) (1.0) (413.7 MPa) /sqrt (20.69 MPa)) (15.88 mm) = 34.78 cm

L dh = 0.7 (34.78 cm) = 24.35 cm (reduction allowed by ACI 12.5.3a)

Excess reinforcement reduction of 12.5.3 (d) : 5.7%Ld = 5.7% (24.35 cm) = 1.4 cm

Actual L dh (14.92 cm) > = required Ldh (1.4 cm)

Minimum extension = 12db = 12 (15.88 mm) = 190.5 mm  1810 mm (actual extension)

Minimum inside bend diameter = 6db = 6 (15.88 mm) = 95.25 mm  127 mm (actual diameter)

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Code: IBC 2003

Stem Check

Combination: 0.9D + 1.6H

E 2.57

Ld = 0.42 m
2.31

D
2.06

1.8

C 1.54
Ld = 0.42 m
1.29 (m)
B
1.03

1.6 m 0.77

#5 @ 20 cm
0.51

0.26

A 0 8.9
0
17.79 26.69 35.59 44.48 53.38 62.28 71.17 80.07 88.97
#5 @ 20 cm Mn, Mu (kN·m/m)

Negative Moment Capacity @ A

As 200 mm²
= = 2000 mm²/m
b 10 cm

db 1.59 cm
d = th - cover - = 20 cm - 5.08 cm - = 14.13 cm
2 2

Mn = AsFy (d - a/2) = 0.87 (2000 mm²/m) (413.7 MPa) [14.13 cm - (4.71 cm) /2] = 84.87 kN·m/m

Negative Moment Capacity @ B

As 200 mm²
= = 2000 mm²/m
b 10 cm

db 1.59 cm
d = th - cover - = 20 cm - 5.08 cm - = 14.13 cm
2 2

Mn = AsFy (d - a/2) = 0.87 (2000 mm²/m) (413.7 MPa) [14.13 cm - (4.71 cm) /2] = 84.87 kN·m/m

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Code: IBC 2003

Stem Check
Negative Moment Capacity @ C
As 200 mm² 200 mm²
= 100% + 0% = 1000 mm²/m
b 20 cm 20 cm

db 1.59 cm
d = th - cover - = 20 cm - 5.08 cm - = 14.13 cm
2 2

Mn = AsFy (d - a/2) = 0.90 (1000 mm²/m) (413.7 MPa) [14.13 cm - (2.35 cm) /2] = 48.22 kN·m/m

Negative Moment Capacity @ D

As 200 mm²
= = 1000 mm²/m
b 20 cm

db 1.59 cm
d = th - cover - = 20 cm - 5.08 cm - = 14.13 cm
2 2

Mn = AsFy (d - a/2) = 0.90 (1000 mm²/m) (413.7 MPa) [14.13 cm - (2.35 cm) /2] = 48.22 kN·m/m

Development length from E to D (#5 @ 20 cm)

Ld 3 fy  3 60000 psi (1.0) (1.0) (0.8) (1.0)
= = = 26.29
db
db [
40 sqrt (f'c) c + Ktr
] 40 sqrt (3000 psi) 2.50

c + Ktr 5.87 cm + 0
where: = = 3.70 > 2.5  use 2.5
db 15.88 mm

where:  = 1.0 (12" fresh concrete below)  = 1.0 (bars not coated)  = 0.8 (bar size  #6)  = 1.0 (normal wt concrete)

K tr = 0 (no transverse reinforcement) c = 5.87 cm (lesser of bar ctr to outer edge or half of ctr - to ctr spacing)

Ld
Ld = d = (26.29) (15.88 mm) = 41.74 cm
db b

Development length from C to B (#5 @ 20 cm)

Ld 3 fy  3 60000 psi (1.0) (1.0) (0.8) (1.0)
= = = 26.29
db
db [
40 sqrt (f'c) c + Ktr
] 40 sqrt (3000 psi) 2.50

c + Ktr 5.87 cm + 0
where: = = 3.70 > 2.5  use 2.5
db 15.88 mm

where:  = 1.0 (12" fresh concrete below)  = 1.0 (bars not coated)  = 0.8 (bar size  #6)  = 1.0 (normal wt concrete)

K tr = 0 (no transverse reinforcement) c = 5.87 cm (lesser of bar ctr to outer edge or half of ctr - to ctr spacing)

Ld
Ld = d = (26.29) (15.88 mm) = 41.74 cm
db b

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Code: IBC 2003

Stem Check
Shear checks
@ base: Vu = 28.4 kN/m Vn =  [2 sqrt (f'c)] d = (0.75) [2 sqrt (3000 psi)] (5.56 in) = 80.02 kN/m Vn > Vu

@ 257 cm: V u = 0 kN/m Vn =  [2 sqrt (f'c)] d = (0.75) [2 sqrt (3000 psi)] (5.56 in) = 80.02 kN/m Vn > Vu

Bar cutoffs
#5 @ 20 cm cut off at 160 cm:

2 2(
In tension zone: V = 80.02 kN/m) = 53.35 kN/m > V u = 4.05 kN/m
3 n 3

* Can't check extension past point required; capacity is sufficient without these bars.

Development of bars into footing

#5 bars @ 10 cm: Developed by 90° hook

L dh = (0.02fy/sqrt (f'c)) db = (0.02 (1.0) (1.0) (413.7 MPa) /sqrt (20.69 MPa)) (15.88 mm) = 34.78 cm

L dh = 0.7 (34.78 cm) = 24.35 cm (reduction allowed by ACI 12.5.3a)

Excess reinforcement reduction of 12.5.3 (d) : 28.7%Ld = 28.7% (24.35 cm) = 6.98 cm

Actual L dh (27.38 cm) > = required Ldh (6.98 cm)

Minimum extension = 12db = 12 (15.88 mm) = 190.5 mm  585.7 mm (actual extension)

Minimum inside bend diameter = 6db = 6 (15.88 mm) = 95.25 mm  127 mm (actual diameter)

Check Minimum Steel

At 0 cm:

Mn 84.87 kN·m/m

Check not needed: capacity 1/3 greater than req'd: = = 3.488
Mu 24.33 kN·m/m

At 160 cm:

Mn 48.22 kN·m/m

Check not needed: capacity 1/3 greater than req'd: = = 36.860
Mu 1.31 kN·m/m

At 257 cm:

As,min 3*sqrt (f'c) 3*sqrt (3000 psi)

= d = 5.56 in = 386.9 mm²/m
b fy 60000 psi

200d 200 (5.56 in)

Lower limit = = = 470.9 mm²/m > A smin  Asmin = limit
fy 60000 psi

As 200 mm² As A
= = 1000 mm²/m > s,min
b 20 cm b b

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Code: IBC 2003

Stem Check
Check Min Tensile Strain
At 0 cm:

Extreme tensile strain = 0.0047 > 0.004

At 160 cm:

Extreme tensile strain = 0.0123 > 0.004

At 257 cm:

Extreme tensile strain = 0.0000 > 0.004

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