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Development trend of high pressure pipe fittings

2017-12-11

 Industry News
 News

With the rapid development of society and the impact of the high pressure pipe
fittings under the promotion of our economy, we have also made a great impact.
However, the pressure of competition in the market is also increasing. As a downstream
industry in the food, drug processing and packaging industries, Increased benefits.

Now society is an era of information explosion, high-pressure pipe fitting manufacturer

encountered in the product competition is inevitable, there is competition in the industry,
but for some companies is actually a good thing. Because of competition, businesses
improve product quality and service quality, and consumers get better or more spending
and services with less money. Industry in the development and progress at the same time,
high-pressure pipe fitting market is also superior to the industry‘s enterprises. For some
competitive large enterprises, through competition, the scale of enterprises has become
larger and larger, and their popularity has become increasingly high.

High-pressure pipe fitting originated in the 1980s, is a new industry. After more than 20
years of exploration and development, it has begun to take shape. High-pressure pipe
fitting is a kind of pipe fittings, mainly made of stainless steel.

High-pressure pipe fitting is a kind of pipe used for pipe bend. In all the pipe fittings used
in the system, a large proportion, about 80%. In general, different forming processes for
elbows of different materials or wall thicknesses are chosen. Common manufacturer of
seamless elbow forming process has a hot push, stamping, extrusion and so on.

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Such fittings include: pipe elbow (45°& 90°), pipe tee, pipe cross, pipe cap, half coupling,
coupling, and so on. Alll these forged fittings must withstand high pressure,so we call
them high pressure forged fittings.

Uses and Types of high pressure pipe fittings

Pipe Caps

Pipe Caps act as protective device and are designed to protect pipe ends of various
shapes. The main purpose of using pipe caps is to waterproof the connections. They are
also used to close the the ends of hydraulic or pneumatic pipes and tubes. They are used
in the plumbing apparatus of domestic, commercial and industrial water supply lines,
machinery and processing equipment etc. They are also fitted on water pump lines with
the sole purpose of removing air blocks. Pipe caps are highly demanded as an important
category of pipe fittings.

Common Shapes of pipe caps:

Pipe caps are available in various shapes. Having an intense knowledge about the shape
of pipe cap would be beneficial for the buyer. Some of the common shapes of pipe caps
are:
•Round
•Square
•Rectangular
•―U‖ Shape Cap

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•―I‖ Shape Cap

•Hex Cap etc.

Features of pipe caps:

There are several important specifications that the buyer should consider before making
bulk purchase of pipe caps. The important specifications that needs to be considered are:
•NPT (National Pipe Thread ) size: This feature is applicable for round shaped caps,
wherein the object that has to be protected has a male NPT thread.
•BSP (British Standard Pipe) size: This size option is applicable only for round shaped
caps, wherein the object to be capped has a male BSP thread.
•Diameter: Diameter is an important dimension that is applicable only for round caps and
plugs. In case of fittings having straight threads, the most important feature to be
considered is the major thread diameter. However, this dimension is not an important
consideration when cap, plug or object to be capped has a tapered (NPT or BSP) thread.
•Shape: The dimension and shape of pipe caps are also very important points to consider.
Pipe caps of different shapes have different features. Some features are:
A.

Round Caps: Popular features of round caps are: flange, slotted head, knurled or faceted
head, retaining head, and tear tab. A flange is meant for easy removal or additional
protection of pipe or tube surfaces. Flanges also help to prevent accidental pushing away
of the plug through the opening. Slotted caps can be easily installed or removed with the
help of a screwdriver. Knurled or faceted heads are usually designed for threaded caps
and plugs only. Knurls or facets offer hassle free installation and removal. Pipe caps
provided with a tear-tab or strip are easy to remove.
B.

Square or Rectangular Cap: For square or rectangular caps, length and width are the
most important dimensions to consider. For rectangular caps, the width is the smaller
cross sectional dimension, whereas for square caps, the length and breadth are the same
dimension.

Types of pipe caps:

Pipe caps come in many different types and the type vary according to the application.
However pipe caps also vary depending on their construction features and it is very
important for the buyer to know the right type of pipe cap. Based on construction, pipe
caps are of the following types:
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Threaded Caps:
These caps are female threaded. The thread can be either straight or tapered, also
referred as NPT. Generally, caps have a female thread and plugs have a male thread.

Tapered Caps:
These caps have tapered sides, which offers a close fit. Some of these fittings can be
used either as a cap or a plug. Tapered caps and plugs are multi-functional and go well
with male and female NPT threads, straight tubes and bars; and male straight threads.
These fittings have a tapered body to provide a secure and firm friction fit while facilitating
easy removal. The tapered caps are designed to provide protection for all internal and
external, threaded and non-threaded fittings against damage, dirt or moisture that can
occur.

Anti-roll Caps:
These caps are round in shape with a slightly square end. This prevents pipes and tubes
from rolling.

Pipe Coupling

are highly demanded in the pipe fitting market. Pipe couplings are fittings that help to
extend or terminate pipe runs. These fittings are also used to change pipe size. Couplings
extend a run by joining two lengths of pipe. They are known as reduced coupling if they
are used to connect pipes of different sizes.

Designs on couplings:
Couplings are available in various shapes and forms. The various designs available on
couplings can be as follows:

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 Grid type
 Gear type
 Disc type
 Rubber/Elastomer element type
 Fluid Couplings

Areas of application for couplings:

Besides being used as an important pipe fitting, couplings are also used in the following:

 Machine tools
 Assembly machinery
 Industrial robots
 Automated plants
 Printing machinery
 Servo drives
 Robotic axes
 Manipulators
 CNC milling / grinding
 Linear actuators
 Packaging machinery
 Woodworking machinery
 Textile machinery
 Printing machinery
 Metal cutting machinery etc.

Pipe Elbow

Pipe elbow is a very important pipe fitting. When we talk about a pipe elbow, it means a
length of pipe with a sharp bend in it. Pipe elbows are fitting accessories which are used
widely in various industrial sectors in pipe fitting. A pipe elbow is frequently used in
pressurized applications and are available in various shapes and sizes for use in different
applications. A pipe elbow is a fitting installed between two lengths of pipe or tube allowing
a change of direction, usually in the 90°or 45°direction.

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CUSTOM MADE PIPE ELBOWS

Pipe elbows are usually constructed at a bend of 45 degree or 90 degree. There are some
manufacturers who can also manufacture pipe elbows with a selectable angle. Whether
you need a 1/4, 1/8, 1/16 bend or any bend in between, there are all the options available
in elbows. This becomes an easy-to-use two-piece elbow that can be cut and assembled
to virtually any angle. This ability of a custom made elbow is very unique and provides
installers with unmatched flexibility and convenience while at the same time greatly
simplifying the fitting of custom joints. Such elbows come complete with a two-piece
selectable angle elbow, angle measuring templates and installation instructions. A
diagrammatic representation of three sets of custom made pipe elbows:

Applications of pipe elbows:

Various applications of pipe elbows are as follows:

 They are manufactured to be used in flow lines for gases, fluids in industrial
processes, medical, construction and many other specialized applications.
 The elbows are constructed of heavy materials for rigid applications like extreme
high/low temperature resistance etc.
 The elbows are specifically designed for use on process and control systems,
instrumentation, and equipment used in chemical, petroleum, fluid power,
electronic and pulp and paper plants.

Types of pipe elbows:

Pipe elbows are available in high temperature & corrosion resistant types, in standard
duty & heavy duty. Let us know more about pipe elbows under the following heads:

45°Elbow

90°Elbow

Male Elbow & Female Elbow

Reducing Elbow

Side Outlet Elbow

Street Elbow

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Pipe Ferrule

Pipe Ferrule is a type of pipe fitting made of various materials used especially for joining
or binding one part to another (as pipe sections). A pipe ferrule consists of a circular
clamp which is used to hold together and attach fibers, wires or posts. It is a type of a ring
or cap attached to an object to protect against damage, splitting or wear. A pipe ferrule is
also known as a circular fitting device that is used to hold the pipes together.

Types of pipe ferrule:

Twin/Double ferrule:

The twin/double ferrule uses grip by the back ferrule and seal by the front ferrule.

Single ferrule:

In the single ferrule, the nose of the ferrule is used to perform two functions—one to bite
into the tube to hold it and two to provide a sealing element for the coupling body.

Industrial applications:
A pipe ferrule is used in various industries such as:

 Hardware
 Electrical & electronics
 Fiber optics
 Lawn and garden instruments
 Automotive
 Compressed-gas
 Fire suppression
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 Welding
 Furniture
 Beverage
 Appliance
 Farm and lighting industries etc.

Benefits of Pipe Ferrule:

Some important benefits of pipe ferrule are as follows:

 Pipe ferrules are used widely in compression fittings for attaching piping.
 They are used with the connector to connect the fiber cable either to another cable
or to a transmitter or receiver.
 Pipe ferrules keep the fibers accurately aligned within the connector.
 Pipe ferrule is used to align and protect the stripped end of a fiber.

Pipe Nipple

Pipe Nipple is a length of straight pipe with male threads on both ends. It is one of the
most popular category of pipe fittings. It is a connector or a coupling threaded on both
ends. Pipe nipples are used to allow plumbing to be connected to a water heater or other
plumbing. They are used to fit straight end hose or pipe. A combination of pipe nipples are
recommended for low-pressure discharge and suction service for various compatible
liquids and not for compressible products like air, nitrogen or steam.

Pipe nipple fabrication:

 Threaded nipples
 Grooved nipples
 Bended nipples
 Barbed nipples
 Seamless nipples

Types of pipe nipples:

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 Barrel nipple: This is a type of a short tubular with a taper thread outside at each
end and which is un-threaded in the middle.
 Weld nipple: Weld nipple is used as another method of connecting tube fittings.
These kind of nipples are suitable for use under extreme conditions of vibration,
pressure surges and changes of temperature.
 Swage nipple: The basic purpose of a swage nipple is to bringing the flow of
fluids from one pipe size to another. These are available with plain, beveled or
threaded ends.
 Hexagon nipple: Hexagon nipples are available in a variety of threads, materials
and lengths.

Pipe Plugs

Pipe Plugs are defined as cap end of fractional tubes used in a large number of industries.
These pipe plugs are designed to insert into the end of tubing to dead-end the flow.
Various materials are used to manufacture high quality tube plugs in a variety of end
connections.

Application of Pipe Plugs:

Pipe plugs are used in the closing of the ends of various hydraulic or pneumatic pipes or
tubes. Plugs are essential devices used in the plumbing apparatus of both industrial and
domestic water supply lines, machinery and so on. They are also for removal of air blocks
on water pump lines. Some of the applications of pipe plugs are in the field of:

 Hydraulic system
 Pneumatic system
 Pharmaceutical fittings
 Air brake fittings
 Gas fittings
 Refrigerant fittings etc.

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Types of Pipe Plugs:

Let us now know more about these pipe plugs under the following categories:

Hex Plug

Hollow Plug

Square Plug

Pipe Reducers

Pipe Reducers are tube fittings that are widely used in a number of industries in order to
providing greatest connection flexibility in connecting fractional tubes in various
installations. Pipe reducer is a kind of pipe fitting that joins two pipes of different diameter.
The pipe reducers are available in a range of materials depending on the end use of the
products and these fittings are manufactured in inch and metric size.

Applications of Pipe Reducer:

 Hydraulic system
 Pneumatic system
 Pharmaceutical fittings
 Air brake fittings
 Gas fittings
 Refrigerant fittings

Uses of pipe reducer:

A pipe reducer serves the two basic purposes:

 Changing the piping diameter

 Handling the expansion, misalignment or vibration problem

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Types of Pipe Reducer:

Let us know more about pipe reducers under the following categories:

Concentric Reducers

Eccentric Reducers

Pipe Union

Pipe Union is a type of fitting equipment designed in such a way to unite two pipes which
can be detached without causing any deformation to the pipes. Any kind of small diameter
piping connections requiring a positive seal and easy assembly as well as disassembly
are made with the help of pipe union. In other words, the pipe unions can disjoint two
pipes very easily. They are widely demanded in the pipe fitting market.

Three parts of pipe union:

 A nut
 A female end
 A male end

With the joining of the female and male ends, the nuts are used to provide the necessary
pressure to seal the joint.
The parts of the pipe union are normally locked together by at least one radial screw or nut
with sized cross section. When severe pulling stress is applied onto the pipe union from
the outside, the locking screw breaks and removes the two parts of the union, which in
turn separates together with the pipes to which they are attached. Under normal

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conditions elastically stressed sealing objects ensure maintenance of watertightness

between the union parts.

Types of pipe unions:

There are two basic types of pipe unions:

 Ground Joint Union

 Flange Union

The difference between the two is that the former consists of three pieces while the latter
two pieces.

Applications of pipe unions:

Pipe unions are used in various municipal and industrial applications like as follows:

 Fire protection
 Process piping system
 Water and wastewater etc.

Advantages of pipe union:

There are various advantages of pipe unions like:

 To provide a leak-proof disconnection point in any piping system.

 Used for inserting metering and regulating devices into any plumbing application.
 Can connect piping system to vessels.
 Can join two pipes of different size together.
 Can easily remove the join between two pipes.
 Easy to install.
 Economical.

Pipe Tee

Pipe Tee is a type of pipe fitting which is T-shaped having two outlets, at 90 째 to the
connection to the main line. It is a short piece of pipe with a lateral outlet. Pipe Tee is used
to connect pipelines with a pipe at a right angle with the line. Pipe Tees are widely used as
pipe fittings. They are made of various materials and available in various sizes and
finishes. Pipe tees are extensively used in pipeline networks to transport two-phase fluid
mixtures.

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Finishes on Pipe Tees:

Pipe Tees are available in various finishes. Some common finishes are like:

 Galvanized finish
 Nickel plated
 Black cast
 White coating
 Gold finish
 Electroplated etc.

Features of Pipe Tees:

 There are three female openings in a T shaped pipe tee.

 There are straight pipe tees which have the same size openings.
 Reducing pipe tees have one opening of different size and two openings of the
same size.
 There are sanitary pipe tees which are used in waste lines. These kind of pipe
tees have a curved branch which is designed for a clean out plug. They are used
to prevent obstruction of waste.
 A cross pipe tee has four equal sized female openings.
 A wing pipe tee has lugs to fasten the fitting to a wall or stud.
 A compression pipe tee uses compression fittings on two or more ends.
 A test pipe tee has a threaded opening. This opening is used in conjunction with a
threaded plug for a clean-out opening on a drain pipe.

Applications of pipe tees:

Pipe Tees are widely used in various commercial and industrial applications. Industrial
applications include:

 Chemical processing
 Petroleum
 Pulp/paper
 Refining

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 Textile
 Waste treatment
 Marine
 Utilities/power generation
 Industrial equipment
 Automotive
 Gas compression and distribution industries

Pipe Tees are also recommended for industrial plant fluid power systems.

Types of pipe tees:

Let us know more about pipe tees under the following heads:

Bullhead Tee

Female Branch Tee

Male & Female Run Tee

Male Branch Tee

Reducing Tee

Pipe Wyes

Pipe Wyes are used to to allow one pipe to join another pipe at some degree or angle. As
the name suggests, the pipe wyes are Y-shaped pipe fitting devices. They are a popular
type of pipe fitting used in various industrial applications.

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Various shapes of pipe wyes:

The pipe wyes (in the form of Y) can take various shapes. Below we give a diagrammatic
representation of some pipe wyes.

Standard Pipe Wye Compact Pipe Wye Special Pipe Wye

As seen in the above figures, the first one is a standard pipe wye, exactly in the shape of
the alphabet ―Y‖ in a horizontal position. The second is a pipe wye in a vertical position
with three branches. The third one is a special type of pipe wye in the shape of a standard
tee with a 45°bend and particularly recommended to be used in large-diameter piping.

Types of pipe wyes:

Let us get to know more about pipe wyes under the following categories:

Reducing Wyes

Standard Wyes

Pipe Sleeve

Pipe Sleeve is a popular kind of pipe fitting used in various industrial applications. It is
available in various sizes, materials depending on the applications in which they are
applied. Sleeves are used for variety of purposes and hence widely demanded in the pipe
fitting market. Pipe sleeves are user friendly to all users and specifiers like architects,
mechanical and electrical engineers, network installers, designers, consultants, builders
and plumbers everywhere.

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Parts of pipe sleeves:

The whole assembly of pipe sleeves consist of the base plate and the sleeve portion:

 Base plate: This includes a base portion which defines a longitudinal axis. The
base plate further includes two flanges: a first flange which extends from the base
portion in a first direction normal to the longitudinal axis and lies in a first plane.
The second flange extends from the base portion in the first direction, generally
parallel to the longitudinal axis, and lies in a second plane spaced from the first
plane.
 Sleeve portion: The sleeve portion of the pipe sleeve consists a body portion and
a third flange which extends from the body portion in the first direction.

How to fit pipe sleeves?

There is a fastener stud extending from the second flange and received in the third flange
in an aperture to secure the sleeve portion to the base plate. The pipe sleeve‘s inside
diameter is to be matched to the pipe‘s outside diameter for a snug or proper fit. For pipe
fitting, place the pipe sleeve so the seam will be face down on the pipe. Tape, wire, or
clamp it every foot or two to secure it to the pipe.

Types of pipe sleeves:

 Single pipe sleeve: Single Sleeve pipe fittings are ideal for all pipes carrying
water, gas, oil chemicals etc.
 Double pipe sleeve: Double Sleeve pipe fittings are suitable for all surface
radiator circuits in central heating installations.

Uses of pipe sleeves:

Some important uses of pipe sleeves are as follows:
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 Pipe sleeves are the most commonly used insulation.

 They are the simplest, quickest & neatest method to extend pipe lengths.
 Pipe sleeves cover and protect radiator pipes very easily.
 Pipe sleeves are also used to ‗sleeve‘ two pieces of un-swedged pipes together.
 Used in central heating installations.
 Ideal for all pipe carrying different forms of liquid, gas, oil, chemicals etc.
 Pipe sleeves meet all building regulations relating to fire rated walls.
 They offer fire protection for brick, block and plasterboard walls.
 Pipe sleeves act as a protective sleeve in the form of a pressure relieving arch.
 Pipe sleeve help in the pipework to prevent corrosion.
 Clients, mechanical engineers, architects and consultants can ensure that each
pipe is adequately sleeved in a very cost-effective manner.

Although there are a number of high pressure pipe fittings used in different
specifications, to standardized them, we distinguish them from size 1/8″ to
4″ (DN6-DN100). And according to their specific usage, there are divided into threaded
fittings and socket-weld fittings.

Threaded fittings (NPT, BSP, BSPT)–pressure classes 2000,3000,6000

Socket-weld fittings ((S/W))–pressure classes 3000,6000

Standard: ASME/ANSI B16.9, MSS-SP-75, DIN , EN 10253-2 , JIS B2311, GOST .

Material: ASTM A234, ASTM 403,ASTM A860, DIN 17175, EN10228 …Carbon steel,
stainless steel , alloy steel.

Size: 1/8″-72″. DN6-DN1800

How to connect high pressure pipe fittings with the pipe?

You can find pipe fittings in two varieties, female fittings and male fittings. The female
threads are there on the inner side in a threaded pipe fitting. Street fittings are those
having a male and a female end. Tube and pipes can be connected using pipe fittings in
two ways:

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Threading
Threaded pipes are twisted together for joining them. In most cases, metal pipes have
threaded fittings.

Slip fit
Sleeves are used with slip fit pipes and they slip into each other. Generally, plastic pipes
are slip fit but they can also be threaded.

What criteria should be considered in selection of pipe fitting?

There are certain factors to be considered while selecting pipe fitting:

Types of connection
While you are embarking on the journey of buying pipe fittings, you must keep in mind that
there are two types of connectors. It may be that one end is female threaded while the
other female slip. Or it may be that one end is male slip while the other end is threaded
when you are talking about plastic fittings. Besides, they are also available with matching
ends, which can house all requirements.

Construction materials
It is a common phenomenon that the pipe fitting material should be same as the material
used in the pipe. Nevertheless, at times, certain materials can also be used in pipes of
made of any material.

Checking it for flow

In comparison to the rest of the pipe fitting, the end of the fitting should be made a bit
larger in order to keep it flowing consistently. It will help in accommodation of the
connection without causing damage to the pipe‘s inner diameter.

Fitting type
In addition to the material of the pipe, the type of fitting should also be taken care of, which
include threaded or slip fitting and male or female fit.

Size
Pipe fittings size is measured in different ways at the outside and inside end. The outside
edge of the pipe fittings are measured in cases of male threaded fittings while in case of
female threaded fittings, size is measure from inside edge of the inlet.

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Design
Different pipes are designed to carry different fluids like gases, liquid or chemicals. In
accordance to the purpose of the pipe, there are varied pipe fitting designs available.

Thickness
Pipe fittings are also available in different thickness same as pipes.

Codes and standards

Various organizations have set different standards in accordance of which pipe fittings are
graded. Some of those standards associated with pipe fittings are ASTM, BSP, and
ASME.

With economic development, the application of high-pressure pipe fitting is also more and
more widely used. The corrosion resistance of stainless steel surface passivation layer,
combined with advanced production technology and equipment applications, the
production of stainless steel clamp, not only to meet the daily production The needs of life,
but also to fill the gaps in the country.

In the past decade, with the rapid development of China‘s macro-economy, China‘s
high-pressure pipe fitting industry has developed rapidly. High pressure pipe fitting plays
an important and irreplaceable role in life and industrial applications due to its
environmental protection and safety. A huge market, there must be a fierce competitive
situation. A few years ago, there are too many businesses in the industry and the
competition for product sales is too fierce.

With the ever-changing market demand structure, the demand for high-pressure pipe
fittings with strong substitution and high-tech content has increased. In order to meet the
market demand that is changing day by day, the manufacturers of high-pressure pipe
fittings in our country make structural adjustments in a timely manner and barely Satisfy
the market demand. However, the domestic high-pressure pipe fitting has some problems
in operation reliability, batch stability, anticorrosion and corrosion resistance, technical
content and the like. Each year, there are 80 million U.S. dollars of high-pressure pipe
fittings imported from abroad, and the trend is increasing year by year.

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In recent years, the field of high pressure pipe fittings has become increasingly
widespread, and the demand in the water industry, construction and construction industry,
environmental protection industry and industrial facilities will also increase year by year. In
the water industry, the problem of water being contaminated during storage and
transportation has been paid more and more attention by people. A lot of practice has
proved that high-pressure pipe fitting is the water preparation, storage, transportation,
purification, regeneration, desalination and other water industry best choice.

High-pressure pipe fitting industry, stainless steel made a new request. The industry
believes that the stainless steel industry, large capacity mall, but the fierce level of
competition has not diminished, the answer is to increase science and technology
development.

Source: China High Pressure Pipe Fittings Manufacturer – Yaang pipe fitting Industry
Co., Limited (www.steeljrv.com)

(Yaang Pipe Industry is a leading manufacturer and supplier of nickel alloy and stainless
steel products, including Super Duplex Stainless Steel Flanges, Stainless Steel Flanges,
Stainless Steel Pipe Fittings, Stainless Steel Pipe. Yaang products are widely used in
Shipbuilding, Nuclear power, Marine engineering, Petroleum, Chemical, Mining, Sewage
treatment, Natural gas and Pressure vessels and other industries.)

If you want to have more information about the article or you want to share your opinion
with us, contact us at sales@steeljrv.com

Please notice that you might be interested in the other technical articles we‘ve published:

• What is a butt weld pipe fitting

• What is a Pipe Tee

• What is a 45 Degree Elbow

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• What is a reducing elbow

• What is a pipe thread

• What is a Pipe Coupling

References:

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pipe_fitting
2. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/what-use-pipe-cap-yane-yang/
3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piping_and_plumbing_fitting
4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compression_fitting
5. https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=node%3D383612011&field-k
eywords=Pipe+Plugs&rh=n%3A383612011%2Ck%3APipe+Plugs
6. https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=node%3D383612011&field-k
eywords=stainless+steel+Pipe+Wyes%E2%80%8B&rh=n%3A16310091%2Cn%
3A3021479011%2Cn%3A3021480011%2Cn%3A383612011%2Ck%3Astainless
+steel+Pipe+Wyes%E2%80%8B

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