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THE IMPORTANCE GEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATION

PRIOR TO BOREHOLE DRILLING
A RESEARCH PROJECT

WRITTEN BY

UDOFIA, ITORO SUNDAY

AKP/P/ENG/CEC/ND2014/0894

SUBMITTED
TO
THE DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
AKWA IBOM STATE POLYTECNIC
IKOT OSURUA, IKOT EKPENE

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR

THE AWARD OF NATIONAL DIPLOMA (ND) IN
CIVIL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

DECEMBER, 2016
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CERTIFICATION

This is to certify that this research project on the topic “Geophysical

Investigation Prior to Borehole Drilling” is an original work written

by Udofia, Itoro Sunday with Reg Number

AKP/P/ENG/CEC/ND2014/0894 and has not been submitted

elsewhere for any award.

Udofia, Itoro Sunday ……………………..

Student Name Signature/Date

Engr Emmanson S. Udoh, MNSE, AMASCE ……………………….

Supervisor Signature/Date

Engr Emmanson S. Udoh, MNSE, AMASCE ………………………

Head of Department Signature/Date

………………………. ……………………….
External Supervisor Signature/Date
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DEDICATION

I dedicate this research project to the Almighty God, the sole

Spiritual Head of the Universe Leader Olumba Olumba Obu for his

love and mercies towards humanity.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

All thanks to Almighty ABBA father for his infinite mercy and
loving kindness throughout my academic pursuit in Akwa Ibom
State Polytechnic.

I wish to acknowledge my head of department/Supervisor

Engr Udoh, Sunday Emmanson for the guidance and words of
advice. I will not fail to acknowledge the father of all Civil
Engineering Students for his advice.

Also, I acknowledge the effort of my brother Master Joseph

Sunday and Uyo-Obong Sunday for their financial and moral
support towards the success of this project work.

I use this medium to acknowledge my one and only mum Mrs.

Akon Sunday for her love, care and support financial and
otherwise, I love you mum.

I will not fail to mention and acknowledge my Late father Mr.

Sunday Udofia for the foundation he has laid in my life, I will live to
remember you dad. I still love you.

Finally, I pray that may God Almighty bless and reward them
abundantly in the Name of our Lord and Master HIS HOLINESS
OLUMBA OLUMBA OBU. AMEN

UDOFIA, ITORO SUNDAY

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ABSTARCT

This project research is aim at stating the importance of geophysical

investigation before drilling borehole. The records of failed wells in
time past was as a result of lack of scientific records of the area
before drilling not knowing that the geological and hydrogeological
formation differs from place to place. This research work aim at
letting the general public to see the need of geophysical investigation
before drilling a well. Using electrical resistivity method to determine
the resistivity of rocks, state of if poroseness, and the depth of the
aquifer layer and the thickness of the aquifer in order to obtain
portable water.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITTLE PAGE………………………………………………………..i

Certification………………………………………………………….ii

Dedication……………………………………………………………iii

Acknowledgements…………………………………………………iv

Abstract……………………………………………………………….v

Table of Contents…………………………………………………...vi

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.0 Introduction……………………………………………………1-2

1.1 Statement of the Problem…………………………………..2-3

1.2 Aim and Objectives of the Study………………………….4

1.3 Scope of the Study……………………………………………4-5

1.4 Significance of the Study……………………………………5

1.5 Limitation of the Study………………………………………5-6

1.6 Definition of Terms………………………………………….6

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CHAPTER TWO

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 Introduction……………………………………………………7

2.2 Hydrogeological Parameters………………………………7-8

2.3 Resistivity Survey…………………………………………..9-11

2.4 Recharge Estimation……………………………………….11-12

2.5 Groundwater flow and Contaminant

Transport Models…………………………………………13-14

2.6 Historical Survey…………………………………………….14-16

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 Introduction…………………………………………………….17

3.2 Methods of groundwater investigation……………………17

3.3 Electrical Resistivity survey…………………………………17-23

3.4 Data Collection…………………………………………………23-25

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CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

4.0 Introduction…………………………………………………26

4.1Analysis……………………………………………………..26-28

4.2 Result……………………………………………………….28-29

4.3 Discussion…………………………………………………29-30

4.4 Component of Aquifer……………………………………30-31

45 Profiling of the Study Area……………………………....31-33

CHAPTER FIVE

FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.2 Conclusion……………………………………………….34

5.3 Recommendation………………………………………34

References
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