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I.

Lin"qr rAlsebro Irf atrr"ce s

oF Deterr"inofe :
Pc.o P-e-"'l-ie-s
l--Lt *oo \,otoq - ec colr+ms oE a nna-tzix qde jdernlrql , lLen
*he d efe,r,minsfe is Zero

o lv_

2-fL*roo-troo-q. oft, -Ao|t+m:qs -[E- A rr+,qh-ix a?re- i-t


c "U-.og.+

__a___:

A. tb *hrrep roto-q Or- eolqmrn-q oF q En-a#X e-lqo@

*L3
L_L
n o^"&+.t"g
+hq- Sqrrr orr diPFerErrce ob trno e-.terqen1( r $o.o{t- oorn --be
qlerory

o_

g2-z

r - -QzaL=
QAg- q33
'L
Lo uce.nr -fri q"nlgL.l qr m afrix CLr m) ? --
Ait *l+e- elernents a-hove ,l he b{nci p*.1
cLio-6on.l is (ero
a
ls co.qed \^
oo

All *he e-lenneyr*,s he-.loo +hp ffni$sf, -eh- L. -L


dlqg"r*Lji--r€-rco + is eo.ued u^

h..to+-e : -
LF,-q rnc.h,{",
-fo_ d+g.r t",o"r ++""tS"tq" f t*pf.t@ -
fee d"+erhnb.f, t@gg-P$oCgel olteraon*l qene-{ ,-

l$sos-l?cle---

q2- 5} c2-

R + Rr - Rr - -> D^ -
) o-t- o2-hL o I alh
o h -c rl-
h n1- - fn-k) ( S-c O I hl-r
]. ecL Lc(L

: f er-u) Cu-c)C e-q)


3't
:t bc q bc
ab
cq b
c
cq1
I

e(b c- abl
Too cs-l qroros q r. ?d",olfccr,t

clicu DlAFrY55i6lGMA L.CONI 978423.i98i

:fq=kt. s: ll*4
6;
-t*.S
" -5XIJ
is n rt Sx a llq (xI-
rtb t - h6-- a hc'
T T+C
+ L;, tl ,
t/u __arrlb -'r-LQr
11b-
4t
-/ c LIc Ir4 g_

Rt lfr-f

x/u *Lla
CrbC Ll" L l" !t]1.
Qz*Cr , QL*cr
-

= c.bc (\* {+Io*t)


l1
71

-- c ouc-d ( r+
h ++*+t-) =

-e C8ts

-e){2(t-6)
--n
ek Al+ern'fe t'ne{nnd -to [frrd del-e'rholnoJz l-
GnIB f..,r gxa .'nrtdin'-) CShc".+ct,t nno+h"d-)-
o19-

Cr) tc*i{" +ne


-eirsLffi +r"e ;dS!t--s!fu.

C2) ri'h"* Md *he Prnduc-l- oLt,e,g dieflo,n.J qmd s.,l"h-"^!,1- -


5, 6, + Cqgorno.J ,

A :o{- q+o--t2-*o-l * -L ll

j 2- -2-
-r 3 o

o -L I
s
A-r : Adi a
A

-'. A-\ -- . I_- I _"t -bl


o.d bc [ c *l
Aotrc.ho:nglry +hs elsrner,* of tsldjogonel qud chorrgizrl

-8 I

rt! El co_s 19 Sin


:S'il0-
-&r*!lter- oderoF=lx3 or- sr ots E----
Ad'.r * :
frrauslose oF c-o!sc*o]G fd^le$x
- @n--9,une,l-&- Dl1 mrror
r=tpo
j : coll

sE qn e,{..n"'f s1-
--ltno.r p - irr :o
-S7u,q:rl rm.fA.t--lhe de*srrdnq4
ft^,
!E .tbe-s+rq'rp St'h melax lo -ll)-hie-h *he-E ol o(hcl +l^e--co11 oF
*he 9q-z$sdqf-ejenegf, L,sr -fo- bp de-.le fe-d'
-

* dll
Alkrtr"tc. Clhorfcr'.f ) rnel-hod --1"-
g!4 A-) I -*
Z
2g
l_t
loe tst +€o- -QoL)'o*+',. I<fuu{ s9 de- an "l IfoL -L b&
-Q_-t,c5+g
@tej{s{=&g --'b^illI!tt-ontd - 1.
r 2_ 3 t2_ o+9 +L*\a--c -r = ''L
51-+
rl JI
6
@ -fhen n';+<. +de -l-l- of, dekrrrlh*f" o.t' +oP'
Rest
@ fuen Lorle .iLe- -ls+ {oo s:ocos on *he oloor:r a?{e oF

EJ2-

ept_: pL
olr 2- o t-

0 -- Ther. -1.".,8e *oo t'oro S ,su ece ssi ve-lB d


'crfi Pfr''d +heleJtrrni
Co-b * b c.t in hzr'dirl- et-,d +hen to#te hLrezdcq&rl-
-----.ncro+

z
z

2- o- -3
I L -2_ | L

9 -z I 9-z_
l z ,-z I L
-t 3 *t 3

A = +3+o-.4tot2=t
2- 6l
I
I
uD \2 Sr 6
z-
9:
l+
1 i\ 3l
rl
{2
2t
fl
I

2
131
A L2:+€ I ls-s -+-t2-
l( AMA L. C H OUD H AR y 5 5 i @ G Nr A r L C! Vr 978. 2 -l b !r 3.l
_ _ =_[_ R AM

-2- I

-Z -3 I

Ll

-,s-!rog : $ !a S----
os0 Cos€
6nL o o
*C\
> Sltr Fr e.:< F Cos 0
--e---Srar9

t i:-
i.ell--16lao:soF o:-d,er (rrt) qre (e-lrQ+hq
- *|.,ex-e L--e4t-ecs-L brne -AoL{gn! nr?no?r o@ ; i5 e"isf=
c*,f.q +t. r"" e--IqcHr-qa-d-i^--4emoJ<-{=b6
-r+t &AJ- r

\)_=_ o
oo
Oo

- @--rf- ll is - -q-orm - u=eva ,nnery1x--;*len+


SGI 7,, J-
w Rq",K oF qr'tr r\o! - Zero
J _
@zb l..lin hq*H" ts t'
L3) "af i
,
br{-l,e wf+ nnc.*air or lderrl.6 rn q=F"x oF oc{<r
?nx x , {*o?fl
J (r.) =r)
ex l- s(rd :ar S{rs) : B r sC 1:,) r s

8_
_\
a .S (aLl_z
_5_ -6_
l2 z
+ 's6
Alloqef ene norr <e*o *hen
8(r:+,)_>2-
-Ck o.j-l <ez-o ,_ *\.e',
a, ( nl

lz
? o f
1'l 2k+
Oheek *he-f<]- or-c.lenr , ftq Norr -z.eru
.'. _-S(A\: Z

l=ffj@c}.e"lq oorcla-s zsr-n, *heo ele@ -

Rg={te* +e"-}- q (A) <3

jcel:z

tr_tn_n _<ere_
-: S (a) =3
3
to I e-l
(v> \r 2 s[ + ( (n)s g

Is r i l.r,
Rs BRr
IZ
rx;
Non Zera- of order 3x3---

I -1 L, L E L--rb l,- z + z
s 2 o -r[ -l a s tLr
l

:!_5tl-Ll lr 3 + r-l
l

tof
4 = XE[_Zsrro

I 3 --9--:-1
s2-o +--5r4s &-
1--5- lL :/

2^ --3- 4 -_-:

-l * t-.t o

4-!: -o-l,.tx1 I
A : Zeryo (edleqs*-+eauaqr fo"Jl

NoLo-
cher.rS .frr 2- or"le^-
,

0..lon {ev-o
{ Crrl =-L
lo-
(ts) I r 3 \ 3
la s 2 3l I

=>3(A)<s
ll3 q ll3x+
!r be Ze ro

llp O Chee-h &?r nr z oyd e.L__-

__ : Non <e A
', 3eh
L 2

R+- Cr?++ Bz+Rg)


t23

Ooo
Rz * Dt't '

I 3 -2

-jrrn ft'Roe g e,.l] is


O+xr',r +hen t +ho.^ it is djPgaeutL *.. eor" Pqte 3o cno lng
'rt .t ej+h"r bU- errnJ<.rekr\nees 6r qlg +u9^n3 '
-
llti
Rrz
I -l -2 -+
a 3 :L -I
, 5(q)<{-
R -- rnr pRz-- 3 R,-, Aq .CArl flrf- RaJ
l-- : l- =')- iTcZ)\6c81
oS onr,n, I\.A-.rOlfFAqrq-l l. i --V

o q 3 1o

- ,f.te,LD- ,-^ Lar,a* _+-u--

_lq_ a s= -
L ls

ej.c.', la\qr., ^n
' I (n) < g
ChecK_fur_:.+
fr q.J giuen sU.+** oF e1*,
z = dr
0r]c-Fbr)-tC1
O:rgbz: lQ:-Z = dr
@rdg

( cseP+icie*t

nqe.l'"tu)

-- hos I so\".
tn O'nsisie,.'f
- (h p're-
SUAttro
-AetL nn S o\*,

G--9tr-3{ae-}j : N-lo' oF

e*ffi
{CA ) UnKno".r.,-r

@__ce ((+e) :((Ar- No. bF lqt]oollrs


---
rlnen +t^o (dslerrL-a--g*fo ia--h-M
A,"nd tao"rjro J'rr,F-n.Hz- rno " sP Ssf---$:r- l'noro {'uqrn
-gqll
re;sc+l
- ,
-IUor^ +1"^ gts+.^', t^ a*14 +o b e Nr\ cons\ ste-"{
OMq hqr rno 3o\*'
I3
I, Tne h o. oF Sol*.s +o1r *he S 6<+enn oF eq".
|Iff + L =3
x +21 +3z-: {-
xt tSttl_= 6
@o u@-L .O2. @e
-sottl +F - eil4rrr-q--fts*orr hq"e rr&+re sd* 6 tloL:nilr Le
ex E !uCed
'
]eQqdl,@eiakteol*,]
Nse:
G +e lA8l L .thtiulqs$ Col* mqs+llehelr*de{
hn"teqsle- nq..f,i2l
(-Dp*rt tryc'F.e e.lennacf, 'rrero ln-lo,a+ col* )
-*---
- -@ --tp,-'-Ag' is s q , q* -oJ#x , *ievr lq c* -Lr th , nn q st' Je-
Tn cllLqJ-asL.
- @ m++e lqs{- col* i. --erc-l qd e d,'u-a-freseu *fug =.td.trl:Lhsrcm(
- q lu AR Ro{rrr l< ( .
-@--IF-: e
- A - '--- ( Rs.lorn €le )

.'. _grcluole \qr.* colY


-=s!-f 3r q

Rn * Rr , Rq- R,

AJ_?_3: ?

''
u lr.rs .t F S o tljs---fl qi' qr{ e sol* )
_ ConqicBrf
---2----2t * 2-J + 37
*- 2
Lx-*z : 3

: I I *'2 3
e o -3 1 l-- 3tc{srn5le
ll
R+ + zls

{o --g 3 _L=l_ol <e ro


\l
Lrnlgue s *,\
*
6Tt3)+Lz---) lLr

r* )-J = 1
loy+32z_ -L
ax -3y*Z = S-
A
SoJ '' J- Ag
r14
= 32-- S,+qqlrln "fix
1 2 o'1 lr-ri &nd o d"d )
Q- Lp- -9
L-3

e S- rri*h h-,, lns r--i$- freselol--


--- {+e
,*. Frfil : \ _o_
g__z
O,lo 3 -)'
L -g -r f
R',-3Rr Rq - LR'

lo q -2
-'l *t -3

Rr* 2Rq , Re * ERq


t-
1€-
L. Chec,.l< *1ne Co6s efeney 06 *tre S3s*c,rrn ok e?"
4lc *LJ {-6 z:
'
S
x 1- J: 3Z = -l
lrx *'?Jtgr: z*l
3ol' : feel ;
-l
I
3
CHOUDH,ARYS51@GMA i COV 97842Jb:lti

Rr-+-Rr , Rs*-Rr
I -8 I

S o og
b o o( 3X
@ jqc--e
-Ld-e -qLff .rrl
X4 :!

lA\ s, e :o

bg1_ar]<-_rr o , oF -s o_ll.
[1_e-$o_o4_$o:r_ s o I v ir'.rg _gy s+ep _ ok € ?" Jno,.tr'S ons_ -S _o_L:
*r
[: __

O )c-:-A B
@ <rornrr)e-r's fu..le .

)c : A_L_rjy__: Az x = A.z
A A A

OX
lo
(3t' trta Y')qt-'
--llJ-32: -l
rlq: 3
J r:l -
I+-5-32. = -r-
(fnrc-e hre- h,q"e- dtsc-rlgsn4 fr,e cc'r") s isfrc.ncff o h o,
S;s{e,nrr ?4,^
U Reo{
o. bS o\*
o
. o-l ocoy Re-*l h o -J
l{
Let Z =A, fohere k e R,
) - tx : -L
1= l<
t:-I
ftr ol l$ -uE lri tJe' lL hqra -di![-.
vo.lres -so l* errnql- tLe.ss
Solt qrp im Eni*er - --
--
-2, Ch rck lfe-,fo-nsis*enqrJ

3r-\ *z = A
-t +J - z = 9

-l _L_6 ,
,]
Ru*
l-l_ I
_r_ _q_ q
2 oo

Clr,

J- -l -l I
o I o lg
o 2- o ls
o 3 | lq
/Al u*, d n
{f +n) : 4
3(AB) / (tel--
lem oF@
E+ 5 + a_;_6
I + zJtAz = lo
)c{-13 l.Az =v
l'r
Cql No sol* Cb) un?e1ue Sol* Cc) Iflore *t",ort ona So\*
q- Insl: 1'r. I

L2- 3 l. 1
I qs* Crol* li. ekc lt^"{t"f
lt 2- ,\ )1.
I Sx,t '

B-e = -Rr-
__t ll I
I
e_3 1o
,\ -3
Cqqp f
f-P X*

to sol* -iF I - xf to
Ssge= 1-- ---,^:g-
-- Lp )-3 =o ',=-.L:lp_ :_o
i{Ag)-;-J.[aL 2- <s,
t'\orre fhql cne Rol* , iA-)-:,:*-:r-lq
OocalTl- ? -
Ip .\^q *o
J (+B) = g (A) .:
Uojque (o l- lE ) :L.3-

4,
'TI + ?r ? )_z : B
2:c* 3.t * ),2 : lr
Pol- ?,- A8--: L? i
2-g

es qnd- Li \reolorq f --

1-
L*f,'q''Le--.pne g+lre, m@ urrn cr! l'b.
lB
.\o
A{s & l\rq qlr^re
nneler '
'
tl^oofs o F the ta er ro Cs.fu eC drqra c leu f, -
. lics 1oof if, - L**.sd roots or H5;ertr re,-{ tre on Pnof<rr
Yo] ti t' I

fre" y@lael-oF ..-


= I Xr
I& r{ T

hlhfch .e+={d"rr s+er+. ss,.U-sEas *he'rnot-a{- err ,

[n - f fJr --eo.ma-spmdftr:r
e+n
Ve c-to^r of *tne nn otat x
.l.tat1 l:
iS elttal {o

rixe--pro
O .o
+o I ts --ol e-+enrroi"nqrr+:

---€tr,= G b/--_'-"@re @,Lr3

AT: A
.\ : l,r
e--S-- Dg-en--\rc'Ju: oS skero -Stsioxae]^'ic -lo*,tlX Cq"ll -
r pt t^relJ irnafi inqr3--OS_-!e-lpS:
(ar:-A)
l5
o -r
A:
r ot , A'=forl
1

l-t o I

A7: j/
4T:-4
l;
---@ o'r
e--E-f-er @ lo,aer A- es tr*Pgr {-*t*HL
{i %+sl eJ@4- E'e.ol rqlqqsr
z sl
*a-L * f5.n-- YaJ t -es ,

_ A_:- l* 3 , 6 &€ern' hq.lqes

- * T" pio{-g+* -ure,Ltres . N-errea Cso w o*f }he Lgs4q oP: tqsHx
-l-r.en *Le Vdller grl tct-ot',g'
-

r3
z\
A-
t, A:I

): l,e
-{. F$.d \hsrdsen -trelre oE sa=sLs---_-
--- l..to aee4 jq I"k" *I-rkng&g Fod,,* [- 3e- I lg 2-
I I-'l--
I

23 I

I
I
2o
z"slg{c-l{:-
*- s,s
a lt, s'
-*-=' r 2=L I UXer,-Vq.f,qes

'-;- 4n q Shot^l d he" ec^te oP Qoo,


l

Ve"lors oF *l,p-_ nnsL{x_,


: L- c---u-
I

crgonoL@

>-6) :-o

4xr + Arg; o--*--ru" mgj+ t""-+ {oo trnkrrnu;rt


-'. r r {- r a : o i.l- cen, he sol,reol ort L,qi[@
T r ? - I" --- '&nlS hh€n ellrof, +o Zero-Ar-h-ile-

Xr
l-rl
*rJ
srr l-l , T

)c:f-fLI,ll
0rLl ,-,]t
Ttr A = 6
LI
(tr)
\-, :, I li',] -0
-)cr {- 9:cz :o
Xt =4xz-
Tr :xz
t{l
-l!

[.+,-rf]

o.
--Ti-e--ehqrqo{qrisffr eolt olli-c--mohjx :

L *q 3
- @ g, r, B -G_t, ", t+ L@ _adrlrQCl r , 4r j_

-6 T -q -6
2_

A =__l_q8
.l_qd_t_4J_:_LB +28 * tq3

"-''- A: o
, ' . Avrs Prnd tret eh ould h e ze-a

9_ L S
Q0 1, Lz, 4 (Il_O*2,4- (cr -r ,1,4 (_dl_,2+2r2
4. rnc,-hi

9, 3 +si , d,=-[ --- ---- (h ) *(Lsi_g-rL_a. L


-(q-r-
--cc)--3ti.-l.i*s4i-- L{d) s* -t + ei , *t -:i
tn ++fs fl^e, tf vo-lt,-a
gle.rnentc
Coro e o.Ns o
"f qrnq nn c.l-eh e-! l,c i++'
the "ti*$*r"l .
s Fi"nd 1T" Xr."n I, qe8 qld *r'e E€", re c*o 'r ?
LZ

ta -+ e-
lo -11
I

__ 2_: r +_:_4- 4_____


- jorlL
-9-o-lI: - *"j eillUqgoosfgqmcd-
Lr I

-"12+gxg=o
5
- 6xg =O --

(x r + aAz {- j)c" :o

S{r : * LXz*
![t : fCr
2- --s-
23
frt): ?,
r -e 2
lo _rl ="
lo 0 :l l1\
:6 rr+-
*lLXL**2JQ--:-O
- A Nr A L. a rl O U D n A RY5 5 1 @ C M Ar L.CO M 97 8 42 3t 9E,-)

rC, = 2d3
K
R AM
U

.;u _:_ :(s


2- tl
_
-Lz(z) -t- 3 ( rr) :
- -6tr 6

: 3r Iq 3r
Ia
2_
0r lz-
ll 6(

Por ):-)
x

Srcr L2x*=*2_x3:o
K x, * Lrz-
_ 2ct. : ler
q-
,1
L\
o
J, fionn the hn.,trfx '1"' = I L L ,\ : l,t-13
I
to o 3
One ol *he E.v , tchi ch on e k *re Ev
- ec"ogr der leo si l:vl -

Col {{, r, tJ 1 u-(tr) [ r, r-+Lkf+;-r , ,-J' rdr f s_+t I

_-tr*1!C3:Q __ Da-}tr +XL=o


Tz- =- 2-X-: nr Y_
t l-I:-
1[r = )ca Tr -a^
- 'rL2'
2_t lu--
-- Lx, , r, , {.] . I r,-r, rJ
-
&. The re-o-l rn- n rns+;x ,_
i_:J
t /..1

Qr3-_- :
Qa t Gar- Oe: - ().rvr
et

Qn, Qy''z- Q'n,r ; Grrn

11 03n
n

= - (.j!
2-
2"s-
S, Tt,e l_e
nnq H^

sg'*t-

)L-B\ - 2-S -9--

ffiil:l
Rrr + Qrc., : o
=*-

Ir:Xz
X -g 2-
D(t - !C2-
I -2_

)C

- 1)CrFUIc :O
2)c' = 9Y,
)Ct : )q

f-o-rlz'rI

fn**rfx safrE e-l-jt oon €Lurat*zr$lte{

lo-z} *s-^+-A2-- q :g
l)*-lA+-6:o
2L
\a,e+ \qce > ,oi+r'''
t" ='lq + 6a:0
checr '
, as ,sl - \ 3s p-Q 1 * \ e o I
\, 8l lt lql lo'J- =

:S_ = R, H.S
L.:_H

Or , -6-L-;, lA - AL
6: a-r ::1nn---!a1t-l
64-l : -lf *A

T:rLl-l-u- r -l-he *he rn*l = ?


(gt o,r Ct t r,rl Ccl - ro Gt - m- _

R.ople"ce ' r' hJ *


tn s t_ r,a0_ A-re --r
1- : -nn3
rrn-\:-nhl Ia- = A-t
pq-l * _ rnl
1t LrJ 'lo' tp a Jx to i*n e hor e ?* '
e x-?
-,,ho c,f -
>"+ 2'+al*-l :o
'{-hetr
P-l = ? --
Cot f}+P+r (h) PL..t_pfur \k{--(-PtfP+2-1) (aJ )rLP>fP+lJ

L. lf *lee Follo$i nS rre-Pyeqelh +Lq ery- oP a{ l-fme +k'n +he /hL--


(o) o,o (b) 3, d Cc) +,3 Cdt +,d-

6x +o + 4J -g:-- r) =-o
8r t-rJ :- 3 2-
P*+ tt". o?tiorr 1, +h. zVn
Ch"ck LHs: RHS
.o 5-;-
z.h'k q q tnotJx cnd IAr :g tS a.trt Tfl Coa"rsr\+<l,rf sys+<.ro
3x
OF ecy \- *he", *he hlgh" s1- poss ihle Rq.rrn oF'ff'
P,
(qr 1 GrL (c)g G l+i
3. tnhich oP *he Pott oo\n3 1\i\ et'n H 3en Ve cfq6 oP *h e roc4?-tx.
1s o q ot
\o s D o\
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<I ahnuf xz:-
=
-gqLI----F<rl = tr-q)l()q=sl-F'c a) + Ct=q5-EC"re
z-l 3r
- , *Cr-qItd'(o)'+-----
art
\l

- -'. 0rr+!j.tnr,,* ot,2L=t=-rS-= +kl ft


+l -gt--
2" Ei-rrd+Ue eyP*opFcx): orL-I-=-l-
Sol*:* q-r l+x =.*L b\ l,+r.L gl 11 4) l*xtf=xlf
,2-B:-
*=ft ]! or PcFro q lgeh'1ec- p-{.1..c * oY--h,rq + * the nnos t Lc n-
ecrr) €x pr-€ss :ct els >&,
3. Ffrnol *t",e exP'of- F(:,)'sfnX-o-bo,rf x:f 91
'o tt

s ol*t ^ Flcr):coslq: --r


F" (r): -sin)( = o
P Jre ) :- - cos r:-tg
o.
-, sln r:--o__-*-lx: tr) (-r)11gfl-aq } (!q=1,]3 cl) t
Lt., '3 I

Sir>c; - ( x.rt) + (r -rrr3 - (x =rrfl + ...

6-
:.rvqf rc.l !

'-qq{rol elqr , I
:-E-Cx L -- r -- [] Cx+g I

LL: P-cx-+J*t) I

-&seest-'
----r,- 7=:
r?--)cJ +J2-

OT by

too .],rs:Lon
ts lq-+-i J de"i,.olr re J
' tZ - A:z I

a:t D)c bJ b3
l-{omo€eooqS fshoq$iqj :-__
-- A -koc* F e ,,1: ) rs Sc.^.q to-l"e ho'nncJn'n-qsql---
ol ol€ne-e \n' tn: o,nd \ . ip --- I
F _( k x*__Ky)_tel E_L<+) .

furn-Pls l'
Eft*ll--:#
---Crr ---- L(lsrq, K:) :#
r : rx.q
arly
---=--klAf-rg:=*3 r
o
o'. T+ \S h crn 03enneoqs OF c-\eg,ree
so
N$€,1.
r-;-rih. h-od.{"t oP *too honnose-oeoqs fu.no' is ct6z.rn q
h o rn o gu ernol>L{13
--, t- r--'L c*,
ftrn
Exi- FCx) =(x3+ys) (x'-3')
R:B+2qf __
^ o TP er&-fu"L:Etr,il h-rrm* 1p X"ft
de.m orq\d.-l-or oTp h orno eenqoqJ --&od-_henr "-,t"",+o"-
e 1+"e 2.a++61ncq
o

E":- F 3-z-:l
€t^.1. r\s - tv.eo-e,"n I - "Corq no@of@- eOd-
s@__
--te 'i is
..,4
o \omogeanoqs fq
r -crrnd J , *+"onn ,

drc

&-i-
{Lr Ip z . c."t+J'J b

-(0 tF K= #z31|Y:J-= !'z i' hqm de8o-ee: L


x.'+y

t, * u),.1

Tt = 1 - l__:_J
qSzo
Guo TF - ; 4o >ctr +- q -xh t* er rcTfgl+----. .- .[_cr,nn yL--
' t*our _ -
x i4__:tr ]
Er
Qrl C?z
, r9J--p rbz Er,lef* nof PossiU\e'
AL &J =?
)
NPTg t- ( Al*crrn"*tve)
n
qtrd Lqf, S (") ti *l3elr€^l'c arnq
TFZ li n of
#(.)
oJgebz'c'fc
t.1O
honno sneoqs oP de-saT€e T) lrt )c qrd Y ' *her

t
()!
Re nn orre Log- &ronn Qqes*r1oo .
S Cz) = e3e *]+51 Rlr*o'no''fl"'o*"'t1o'T'""'l':"
b r/r aZ^ z_
b3
-QrD - lp
)
-\ )CZx -t_\zv
____-.--' : ?

- S_t-e) tsirr r:.x:tf: - -Yt E 2=l :--L


2qJ_ _
- r . rc zx *- 5 ZJ -" -J':Sfin<
Cos
- 4ero3 */7,-:
z

xI<_+--
AJC
trla:J
a3
rt
[tora '

x-y
6

bx -ql_ - -- sqc3z -----eesz

APP@€r-Le n-$eqresq- t -'

qrn{-}-, tLeq-
L9-c)<,L-J10! =l 'rr -l
Dzt ---Eror aJ:
No+t 5Z
-fr' rs fit-nr..lq {'s c.PPd Cq.ble c.,lizeClJ i F 'Z' is q Alsebre*Jc
=:4'^ J

&pc-1
bqs.nofle:^

- *aem *r4-4 ftcal)z- L5=)+ z- ?


)c:-- alqqJ a5L
S o l- tr ---i : t(+-rlxz-
Lt:l x Z-
3€
o
J

x+! D xL__ *_ b
---&l.-lt ( t=-Dz:0

_ *hen,
xla< +-z:c''nz.J & =-r@
___ bxl ay' D)ca)
+--cpe$o+ion-oF Et*lerb - i*#y
b e-cq qse +e.n *-*rrern- Nel
Fqmc

'- - -&qdlEt*r+"1"
, A \terrn#ve_ hne*hoC_ -:j __
_xe+
Dx
ds--=
DJ
ctT, e z

_-- X E24, +ag . | * yA.1 : 2*Co-t2tlZ


bre' x ,b
i: q:_ a)C
I-bi .+lE:!.!-a = LClss-La * I) x oa,
Dr
-llqL - -!4al
--*-4-J-L.1
) 5'
-A-<-
6rro3= tlerszz - l) :. a_a
83
.'. e1* CLI , ,
a
(: cos tz -t) [= jg+: Ul
t.
' f3
L )r a:J [z CoS 2a Sizn ZZ\
L =$in4L J
r (zCosez *t)x sio2Z
slz', *z * Sln za
4 - I€ z; Ez si", ! tU - y,-+q,-'
(+)
l+$een-tg *here is lr,,,unrx'e- furc* *hesJeSrel o+ orogte L<u*
pgmc- erc-irepl--Sxisfs'
Fsrn{l
x h< .+ 5 dZ -;-zz
Dr aJ

--5-. T-P z : Lx3+f)dlb f,Here cd-ss cI -cx-Lqr:,en+ie,{


x zx t#-Lt?iL fuqeaf. <eo-c, :

\n:g-@ ich, 4r,,e- Forrrq


or d++ler" y : F (>c) or r : S (Yl efc rc r"Ur4-9tra-
I. v:qd-_'l-t'rlc
dr : er'r {- b
qf
I

dry : 2a
dxt

9*3
# fh p..o i" tn o df gereulfu-1p L!rh! dedrrehve-og €xrquf
w
t-<rmc ,

--- fo-J Rr"oc* uthi-ch-li -rn


of €xl]_.srt js sqr,4 +o te !{{l
tmrrlci*-n+"nrc:l

,l-o- G >e 1+ ztuelr + bg;L+-O


- $* t..rh L"r b.,rer Frrrcl -&- {loflrcrl $nc-A:{g-en-@
sv
+ o'o s ho1* cl*t frirmuJ e +o Ffnd I 3+ olttd rc^f-irre
* b-E
dq bx
E-r b_)
.t, - b F
DX
bF ( lhrc tahlr]-
bu -
L. z = FC:c,J) tl.'eo_ffosl
P : Q4 - ct,=D<
Brc E: 3vl
C=,rt iouo"
-4' dxe a,t t

fujrqre shorler$ furnn*,{q *o l}joC M


o P ol.rt 1vr Pl ie-it F.ro.* i
( Pq'6-h"c!jqr R^raortrq)-
lF c4x' f- zhcc5 + b3|- : I C:{'} '--,
-
d5=
qra
hLclb-
Lhre*rrr
& er.nn pl et .
l. L:cz+ yr5 J- g g-e_t *
CI:ar,h:3 .Zhz_!j_,
, .' h :z !'l

- tL ;: - ;ll^3 Cr-x t_aj

, b:L-, Jr =.lL
--Q:l
*-1/
u k 8L
-:-_r---;-
r C:ct- +l
55 ftrHe--Coyr -+ :f, oSc"e@LC"-t--f-r
ve -' ?1r* 1rs otr
a - ze,co *-he.q tg e [..-l

C"rn rnahe i+ L otr '\ aPFt3 *+re Fo-rn q q , b.,t Lf *t"r e


Corrc* f's Ze'r-o , *t,,'erl N"1-o'+PUc.'t(e'
S s--
l+ thor*cq frtrot,^,{q (s*eodqr.d
) fo"rr)"1o.{ +o Mrd zn"l{ea.h"+,rr":
tF'qxz*zhr3 *bJt+ 2-g{ + 2-B +c:-o
*hen,
doH a qbc *Z
-
,.j

dx'? Ch-:c + bg+fJ3


-Exsorrel-
ioN'r e724/"'''r?'1
ot
=
2- h: 3, C t l,h =L :--3-:-l JttyPE'f :l ""*''1'r
Er_Uemg E1
- l. y'-*-eLJ qleo .: E
dqr+ .Srrqq^lq-
---qsLS*ffn
{ r.t _c_ryf *y

A,J
TF 'z' fq q &nnc--. irr .rc'qr""-l 'y) qr ltqte +rye

7: F
I
-lz

- fo.{-o-] olq,a-rve.l-1're oF o -eoP,'lPcsfu ApC----


- tP <: f {r-y] Ai lpt,{*ct) , ) z h(t)--.J{en:tte
- dervo+,ve oL Z rr$ '+- (s dennl.d' bg qli, cx,d l*

d< : i:--
qt
dt

eL lJ-g"c.,"q Jt b e tcl-.st "-{s ri'tqhlre- q-E :lri:e----.=--


in d"Per+{e,..ct- r,qdo-Lle 'C em{!-:-- - --
-i
\/+ lP--q- r- P -(T-, J ,*)
- Y'--'
*rn eq d!- * l*q . .ty +-'h !l---d3- -
c{t brc .{t .ba qt
s6
PggHs-nu: -
l. Lt eI sfln: {z ^ o
o{t

ba : ex slny
tI
3:,. = e*{gs1 . qlre
qt =-l*, -dy :2t
al ,t {t
__ gi =
_er sho} T-co-s;,{r*L

-f s i,ny + z t'c,osyJ -
='(

a6
:r2 L
-1

I = e,t ,y = C,tcos ?f ,z : eztsim 3t - -= -- d.g ?3


"{t
s!f-l.- q{ e"t)i.L
qt )y
+ Coss 3 inBat
, Q: teQ
-', dJl = Be-4t'
dt
L-

' . gz+-ecr'.?+-sivrttJ . Lelajl:lfofe;--e.*tai-


U = gzteot,_*'
- *'. \( d,.{ I
{t/t:o
: 2- pzt' cos LJ--L-qL*( *t c in a-t*
L
)

-
=_2tQ_X epSs _ l
z 2x lxf
n')
s+-
s'V::c3-J.e'
T =f,Y=t-,2= la5t
id-q\ :/
\ "lr )t=t I

- ---gs]:-h u: t3- t, El^St L l.'-eLo!* : t


L{ a gc
( d,,r\ ;61 r
\ Atlt>t _ 6xzr
;_6x32 i]j z-

-6, CF F--=Jx
}3i =z' c..l r->2 r U :J
Erc_ay _
--J1r4.o
-f rn *''od j - e

(c\* S- D-Lr:e+Tl e dcrll = n.xH ]


-- b5

Aq(J-
_:
) )c'
e2F __- ut+
bxay -
I rq:-lNq-l- qkqL= q] t"g q \J

bx

q"F = r
e_y_trlS*_rq3
J +_
Dx'a3 l
: e-x lx o 4-.t_
A
I

--g' {e--q : eryl -J:!rian----r}r1-


- b xd 5bz.,
* xYz bq
Sol
/ a)c
t--
\
\J
..X'J L
(,

@Lq
y=,[: x'-.e""+ e'l'-J '
il.4
se
b'q z aTYz ( >.y *+z)
Dt ay
aLlL ?. !o*5L Lr!*z+!]
fn +xyelY'[tv *E)
DrcajDz
i€*r f tt qlva.*lq'f'z-J
&. IF-r : ycos tr, ! = r sirn \i
Iten;Cn a:e +e +?
d:c? D 5t
-Ci €g* = 1
x o\J
Sol*B:@_
_ ?-Cos S {

r
\
t9= ler6-/ V ' ,

)C

G) -'.3s I :L
0x - t+yu x )c-
)&
0s -:
1

-Y
Dr x'*--?-

_ ?r.- Lx_r+,r-\z-

llt, aLg : :a:cJ


-
aL 2*x_

D")C

a'F :lJ(rz*y) - yx:-y


Drqy Lx_'+v-r1
r z-.,
ar'"t1-
-*-lr, cos)9 -a.Lrble J ,. cr<lg - si.nb
: aos rg
*r2- c-os 4-B sy
y\
= - C-o-s z0
V2.-
t
(A\4AL.Cf r OU Drl ARYS 5 1 O CM Al t.CCI\4 97842 3693 1
RA N4

--o-4i:niHm-l:
___ t^rrqvm \.oJqr_l!J_
0E ct QorrH:ootg &{c* E(Xl {r+eonques +o t} Cvo{"ua
- Va\r-t e qn - +,jlnet lreL[,tg- [. c*l-{ e-d Nt Otr
-lae fu"nd-
_- [P o___C d eerael Es_Jq a C e3-+{, Fn
- t
-- ---vs=Lqe -enloLj+1.,cq jrD-sreqses -:fh"+:
F\ t/g
rc<tlqe -qq4|ed-
*
-aG-+1^.
f-utlc'-
N-alt-i"-
Lo fhe mqi[L_chod q
Ssc-grs o l*er"no{-tve{'
-xoraran
_Euln<* Corr, he\r€ -(pvrrb-l hnx i In-urn clnC Seve ro,{ rn,n-
vel,Ue t '

cfue- h,"lrt Vo-lctL


---!---,{Le Jegs* 5,uerlue. ls- -Qg.Uqd {r" n G )o ho,,l fn'r-l^r+mr-q-ol
f,"r'irn

- $r qaruersul hr# a'.'d thq hbhqrL rnazrw vc.lue--k- -


-@ho{- hqx* o-r--q!rrrer.*] hnar*
fu+ ^2-IoeYintq 0:r trn'wrirnq :- ' -
-
F 'c1):0
6o
Is TP :c ? .o\,
P"'.("() ) o ', F- is rnit q*lc
=4
oo. lq in vo) ue = F (d.' )

.'. l..,qqj Vol qe


=F
(P)
3:--CPre:1.
F' ti ,s.'i d -Jo_ he- slgAonqq ,

e-Ip- p"] (Y ) + o , +t".n -'[-L1s sqb to be the ln ete .+f o^n


polmt,

I' FCx) -f {
--SsIf - o d(d')=rr (t+logx.'t
F'(v) =rx( I+log.,c] _
F" (x) = r"u :L +(t+IoSx) (rt(t+tojx.t ___ .

Xffi_-=-ff i

F" (:rj : r II-{-+r. K ( t +l os:ct'


No,r,
- l='e.):ra(t+losxJ =o
-l t+losx .-n
' ,l osar :-t

r is--:Hrq -+:tlrsr *-e q'I-s i. +ve ,

ooo ) o i
-
" F ls 'rnim o l_- >c =.t

hnlr kqrqe =+t+L{+}


.e
f:w
F (x) = 1A. hqs it< hiqx af: : e-
rqir Fn clx of 6l
Vo"l qe \f c.l.qe

e -l /e-
e
xLx gle . ?C:q

% +C>c) &s+
Sot*+ tr:x+CI_g:L
P'(x) : Jx x"trC+-lbsrr
u r /\ *y"))

-f (r) = j.o [r- t.s d


-Fl-tu-l-=--r3- ( 1- I o trl S12- \- rc )
TE
-Iuug*
r ( t-log>c): o
T",,
l- loSr : o
I oS e- r-
I

= -l- ----
Y : EJ
no, x- : e.

- NJotP,
-gtr(e) = o--{ dl- (.e
--r--
,".t^O F ls tnad o*l(:e
l4q4r-rlc.f ue :-F Le): logs--+-
ee
! trlogrr;-Lo5fl
$-l -i-:- "'. ) : LoJr-rrIL -
61

I .e{ +-{\ =)
J
'-*
tC
, ::be?e:.-ltaea zrce-T +2 P-.r
-', -F" (*l -: e-x- fr gE r4:)-
!|,rt,], _

_o -c(( :r::c1 =o_


-'. DC :._ S 12- _

A+ rL =o
(oJ =e -o (z*-qlq):2>o
P"
-- Lis h',?^n tT se =o
Atr: )

Q:
Fr]. nnqrecfr -)
g FCic,r::r3 e-t ha" iA finq- otl_= -

6. Fcxt : r3ff_

-'- la" Cx) = 6:c+ 6


d3
krp_La_,',

Frcr, =r' -
g-2-- -t3 :o '

. 5cz

19* / - o

yL= I

ll-2o
qs oP' l" nnia alx
63
=:L
A+ )c= -l )
F
t'(-t) 6 (*l) + a -l z-< o
Gt )"
'. tr it -lrt-qx of x : .-f
Lqeqs :c- 16-rlrl r L c-
F-e4f
o, i
Nujn)tq-l_re * C -/ qt+-b-
oo, o t cf l o u DH r R! -1
5 1 ai G M A I t.ao f'',r 9 7 84 2 i59 8
RA M

- -E)qx rJ = c-+:J@sr
Y" Lescf yofrreo&-,3rorx +- qs,:al+ 2:[.?
i +\-* ? t z*!a?+s'
- 9- <--- ^ - ?

___- : gcos's +.*_c..sp - 3,? sL g_ta_


!_.lS_ CoqD
2-
:J-&iL
2_
e+2-_

--- rnox.\rc4qe: " -J


+*f
- Fi'.,d *t"e h+ 'oE.1-1." eo_l-e_cf }rqx_val'-.t+tr @
1r, q sp hp re oP rc4ai-r cf- t -qn1a
-

-- hL+* : tL -

V:__l=rr LLh
5

\r =-I Ct-n)crrh)--
V =T ( r+r-.-
3\ ^--h*)
6g
(-z-Gh) (o
t"=q
I b'.LU-l =o
(an-r) (h+t) : o
3h=1.
h :J
.J a

He_!r+ : Lfi

=4lt-
3"

in q sPhe.re -o-e- J.qdl&

.ou V: trr:-n
---ry tel *lh

tku-: sf1;P

- ht ='-Lql-
3

p
I H . l'orn,{o' fot' ql hlor /'njo.r'6o$
ln a SP h€rL '
l+ z=FCr,:) 6s:

P=e-,- ,97=Dz. tT-_-a'< iS:& 4. =a?-


fort' Q nnqxirno.{' or' rslininnq r k1' t P' t O q^d ?-o
:-f +n{ 79rt &rnev ln :rqo{)- so uoe hq"e:{roo e?t i,
{
}rqry''d ) rsplrre {qre ag-s ,:qrnd S"J re]- -tetr- rqo4J
{Xe.n^gle:=
r !) __r4 !:f -Y.:l r !c -- :
-+ Pq +aL':efa ejfioe-J"r_l:o=L oy 9_:o +tlaen 4Le- eqa:
h',&',n.4 +o c*u."]@; lt-r -.-lr"*he- e?-
- F.-om?leJ-
f :--lccr-2e S z-
)aY"i], Yr
e xo, 5o)-+tx+JJ iQb-l?)- -'- s\e+onqg P-oioE on citesl
'4oiaIl'
r,? c Poirt {x--Js) ,H',a *ue VrJq€J -
oL.I, S qrr!-
Oote ]6--
eus_e_f i*

- Se-o 4l+e &ros6. oL+aiy,-q irs ntiri.d*l+qt-tarnf


^'" fqtrrn -lrdLre : Le&rfd
IFtt-s':-Qqo4 r<O
4ht M Erne.. ajg"irr" f t= msx l- qt- 1l4.i- golxt

Cqstflt- -
lF -a-t : sa(-o ,_t!rr
Se -e!I* -,- ltqs no ' ex.lermrp ' Vnr tqe '-
-NdJ&q5-tni11
hcf -xroy*-,''
-
-Ert --q1:-o
o
thq++q
.o
&r,se-f* d-cstrlklll qn"l n!*C Eu,nrhtr--
\:owr*r$q$q--
--+ t0heu -iTrn-- Arns -og+iercr' lms |Qi.-/.qqx '_-tr 1q-.foo=o31i ol
ttnen \ul *+.a. Vo-lttEs 'rn f =o rffsr{ } = O #hon Chocse -he
C" rr""f aons ,
*f 66
h-oU\enns t -_
f " -fi,.-R,",c*Ftx,J). d+st l-s:c ;t:*hos l
\_t@ rn'rn * a.f (-g,o) (bl r,n.rt* c+ eSp)
Ca) !to !!:lare rrduat$3*o) CC, lro,are
r\;r
5_e| q*

P:3! = art:$ s n =OE .: 2]


Br aJ'
^6:- aF
O:cL ar0J
NLq $,

-.- 2o Tr,e Func* FG,y) :t-rL-J- L"..r? . -


_fA) hnir,*o:1" (rc,o) (.b) nnqddf Lqd
(e) No €xtQremqrn o*Co,oJ edr_trtpn_e_

O:< ,AJ Dra y

_ S :o _r ^r L_-L

B- !F F (:<,r)-;-rB l*33 -€r j ho* '-* :-


- fQ) rcrinwqf, t-f C t , tJ G) For' c-T (I,I )
Cc J rn i n* Cr*r,t Ca I rqc,\.t *c{ (r, *t )
--&S:= 3r-
S=-Q F :: --3 blp = 4De
bYa: "1. dr'
aJ]_
*', r* *-CL = q6--g =t7- >o
-'.'Y:6> o
e7
\, F(.>c, l) -x-2+5,+r5 *-x-_qytE*
) r",ia qf L2,-j)
Cq Cb) nr,qx tt Lt,-s)
u-@ rnln at C-z t 3) (dr rnot"' of (*r-r s)

Y'- 3:- a2
L.coM 9784236e81
bx- E :CaRi fV
KAMAL.cH ou DHARYS s 1@ G M Al

f : a'c -L
bb'

[22>o
S: -It e Rt"c* FCx ) = 4r+ffiJ 2-8r --f418 hqs t T
(o r nr-,,i^,.,8 (5 r rna. -€ tCa) frn?n I o (4 r fuqx lo
3 3
3o/w3- F=3e --8"c-,* , ? =5=C = la-y-*
&x cJ
)'=&ap, =R S=alF',:o ,t==azc z-lr
Bx-L D>cr 1 dJ'
}-t *,(L.= ?6-o )O
t

: 4--;.- = lo t,
<- -,
C. F = sio x +-sinJ +sin (.€) Aq c 2
(qJ tn?,,, .& (b ) lnq. - E (c) rniin-@!,.,G
*T
(d) rha":, 3.13-
z- 2- 2*
6a
sol*9- P=
* =cosr-t-eos(--rt)
V - Dtr
A ArY
:e".ry+cosCr+3]
D9
Y= OtE' - -e?r,r - (Shf. rgr)
arP

t = Dltr-: -sfn) -sit, ( v+y l

t )c zY
Ftr f"rg - *t^e t.c. lc/e o F
ryr frr 'p) "e4 *-

s hovtcc"r,
C-ns2-:f : Crrrl '- t-.*-'*JL=,?:--a'rr O
Cos 2x : Cqr CTr*:c\ 7
3r:7f "-,rJ(o
J:7-/s c eee (l8o-&l =--c-osro
It
67,
De Fi nite qod trn pro Per r"l+e J"..{ t -

e-v"n

F(-r) =FCr

' ra ,iP F('q-rt '*F(,.,t

r-rJ
-z) (n

k =-r , iP 'rr g odd


k : I 2- , iP 'rr' t't ev'e.nn ,

Prn
,n rn-:) - - - (rr -l) Cu-U:*x-r
Jo ( rr.,+r.) ( rn ,r-tr *:- ) ,- * .-..-

k "-q, iP bo*h rn cmd ?1 Qrq Q-wtt '


- zz,( t dxrsinh(i) lo.
lo' j,o dr = ahtl
tr+.L )tm*
11 .- -L-dr
r -: (. og t Jr==-

c*3, }q'

--l
Fcx

^l ,x
P(x

,C
Jz.
T-rc ch o os e F (lc ) , 'r^.nnern be n 1_he tn3 e".o/ ,

T Lr Ar TE l
v ., I \-=-)
,. €x p o4e1fi'e{ .

Tnrtrse bg *lgeiraic
TriSooomefu

2egx4r ;d lz tJ
--
-r.-l "*;; d,, ; t tr'*r**,,
*a ui._Jr = e-a l*.-.?r-+6r -()

# rihp &bove +"<ltlc="tl-i iL -lhe torrn o P


-!r*: (D"tlh oal --
Poflen nf e '-*4u\ Jh-e-- so/* ciil ,bp
eI qn4 *hpn r sd -l: tt crrts#-t* .

r.€q'cdll : g ji xl
c4z-

:CL - 2=X
qL q3

Jtr T", *A e- G cv:e- Fm h /-e_rns- e h qs -!o nna _&:lsu +*hp- r =fe -


A

J<- ; ct *he #mp s"l* wi rl' be- o-\w rnu-l* Ptap=s{ tJ -


re k*m dtdqe{fu,* Cr,i,s*e,rf ir ern /* ing{r x- &
- dr' FFs-anJi *-4 Atr eondgo1.
=rf t*s,c *9
,-Lbyt-dt : r,
I
r r"s x:'-,2- t .* 4

{._ : p ?{ [ n."s hr t b ril _fr _J

Q'lb- e )
1s
R-o b\ :
e.rrns
-
4x, er dx
"-L

t lrxu,

Loq3 t an ^

: b,t ( r-h"b"

o ga+ €-r la-1412

F'rx)
I

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* 1*,n-te - +em-L | '
| -l o -rr t --L*)
I

n+l
7,t.
(tct) t--f'.G
o ,a'
4xl -l- L c-
J . ( Ecr; = b-q
dx
)L zJ? +F*, (l
L L,
J Fc* )+ F ( o +a-:c;- 2-
L
:xl Q
:c )o
x1 ----x iFx

-vLl I * >c'\L'
2-)o
- Iz)\ --(o-o| r ,;) t
I zJ
?s'-
.'. Bol-l- Above &.ob 'hq-r ln*.Ser,
Cx+t) = -r t l.r(x(-J
,J - o (rl(I-

lrtrlrl-r{
KA M A L.CH O U D H A RYS 5 1 @ G M A I L.CO M 9f 842369 8L
RA M

:ct\- =7

t^fhe *her Rrnr - li ever or n "l 4 '

oLeo-hf*

l+x:
F c*r : I'
t t-(-rl I +v'
ttr)
I
-q
dx, 71

sirr3x C-os'{ r dx ,

Lv<n o d4
1-7
z, ('xesfrsrdx ae
t I

_17

P(:c) =1lsi,rr
P (-rc) : -YY sinrx

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RA MKAMAL.CHOU

Yr
p(x)=.qir,, 3x co.rYr_
f' r-t) =si',r3(-x) cosv(-r,)
-=#

L s
$r.,
fx3xl lr
Pro4ue-./at oy

n3

# I F *\z Potfiev Qontcttns even no ltpn Re+oea* *hz


s+</ Sqrree q.0 odol mo. b,-,f fn(,|+iPl5 loifh E a,4so

TF
o JT* *+.en {-> Sfurg,
l'rxL *hB-n I =- {*rtn I
f, s sino
, {r : c-nso qg
tFX:o =) 6-=o
X=-l :1 E =Tf
-L

3l s-

Sfy.,3 L,,6- g
2)
-3Y /
77
Cpn{orf 7T 4 +-, {a 4 se 'l+te sho?rc''T fisrrn''lq '

: o.iP t (zc,-r) =-F(r)


tr(r): slnax,
F (rr-:ct, sln3(T-rc\ - sin. 3x =F(x t

Colyev3lavi;l- - Frh,.JF-a vc.Jt,ec


t-\i yer, qzt*
w
& +" A,
ls.l.-oh
I
le-rnj:-
:- loq / -1pc ,o ="6
U

- "t o'-'u',' '

l-
f*(

*tr Arhenerer S? qql-€ rcol h +r.er-a Tr h o+h nLn - 9 rr4 dan;


' c+yrr -h €-l I ra i an'l'P Y ar.t h'-+t nn ?Ou fn !'l A

d>r - (-L) )( dx
..fl' L l-1arz-
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*t
= Crin Ul -gS,(sirr-r o -J7:o )
I*'rl
: Cx-t)

: Cosho CoSh (-,c)


'- l- m ". Ccsho:-g',Ls-
-e/41 L

iivevqznf = Q- - ,
L
.'. C.,os h a =- e-?+€'e = * a-<^
L 1_-
"a n 7t.
(( I olx: L f I
' dx
)n I r>c-
-Jo ll['
-- a z(fer',-frel-a 1
r
-91-l-e,n',a, -' *+ir-,oJ
KA M A L. C H O U D H A Rys s 1 @ G M A I L.CO M 97 8423 698L
RA M

x=e

4x' Ct *r,
z{ 2a
J=

hlt- | h IF h)o m lrr


'J-2-
p
J11 +r IF n e-^J
80.
[;, t
{n= jtr &
o*t?* , ,li

, 's* d' Yc' orx--e

* C rz-Py:-;
dx.dy

e -r3 o =Y-

't \"' ^,
,,,2-
01
\fe"fo" co lccdq-r
Gf .tr-qar'e-n{- of cr Scaiqr- &tnch o -

Fvrrt* - *Ae b;,*9uad


-Sc-o{qr
C,l"ned d=\rd =iAcA=+i_Oil+t<
v Ad
A'c- ;;
^2
f-l /-q Q \rer.+o x le./nr*'

. f =r''[+Ji +.zr ,' r= lTl


xo+y\r

2r )r ?2*]C,
?':r-

0r =_1 I )ur -- z
oj/
T Dz
' ".'rc Gra4 r : Vr = t nr +- j 3v tK At
a:c E:c U <

Ot h-odr:ffit:; ,l \
r €

-l
- \7 l,oet -- -L V-r
UTTTtr- = ='t 'f =-L

-'\/ x- : nr z- hrr*fr;
, . &e--
-ErcLl=f:-+st-r,
._ , Le-t I L+) b e +-h e Crl ro, *n *il, at4rra lh.r__
dr /s €q-qe-{-4+e-}e,-,<eni:ve-.fur f-o,fine €ivem_
- Ttr
Ef f = >ri+=vr*-aF
'dF -
q't l-

4t 4t l+

5,nnr'4 J+ q {?,Fe.q,
.o
la-f # (r f,<) =c , !e qvrJ ^Sqt?qcq l-hen

v$ /-c eo.&e t' *r.'" r+-i+ v."-r.n r ker/ar /o +r,e


e,nd dern"

Dirreclzq?2d hatils&tas e -
LA+
8J
a:o,[+aj+ta3k
\
\3 b': b,iI btj *-bak !

rXn4 8 -h = q, h r #q" br {*q* 6r


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1../olp ?r RA M

d.h =o

o,^*er- -eac# o-n.

CocI --*rtr.VJ

lvo*e i '

I lnpr.

F:rc,A1<-rnci-' ' '

L" F-ln 4 *A e Qxlf \ or N. a'l vec4t r ' *o *he ,q,rtq ce


g^r*-:' f :rs+/et-3rc5( 3

brc DY dZ

= L( sxor3y<

-
" ( rv --:7$. = -3i+3i +-6ts z_ * t-+ j.yu: s

lv f) aJ rra pl lv
8?
2. Hrr4 e ,a.'i+
*h c,.f wecfo n +o l|o
?n o-a-,d-) g gt-fie ce
r)f z:c I , | +df ( rr -L, 3)
Cq) -r :sr !{---fr 4 -re, r
E3s
(dt i+z: +*
o
(l

.B.,lu:^ Vrfl . iarf. J- j"ad_ :F k D6_


&x5J dr
Vg( : i (rxJ r-r-.t /-,r C'11 +r(rxl
\*6 = -e_[ + +j ++k
( z, -t-, s)
\
'' N :- V-d = 2(*1'*-r--j+LK) = -i,tr-j #rK
lV Al z^,t tTi rT 3

7*v- r ?o
.l!-- I +
z__
-J

@t++i G;+r< Ci+_n @trj+6


Jz fl, Va .rc
CBg obse-rvo#odr" J-o --.J=o)

sal":., V$ =yr J zS i + + z;*J z\<


s*l =-{ L - +l a*t>-<

\Ip SLtj t-l*t\


(t, 't, t)
er
-', lvfl =JZr.t+ t+t6 -JrE

el-fr" ot_ i+zj rr-r,


snl":- VF : (7te.l i+ (r*-z,tj t(J{-rl/<

yF : ,i +i +-,qR

.'.'D, n = \- F-o : I i+j +r/s i+2i *rrs


3

.a-J

(1,*/r 3) ivr *r,e d;-e-l-fol oe i+-:j t.ak'


L q = I

\_ F = zJi +- :-.tj +- zz F
(1,*t,3)
8<
DD V,l-,e: -zi+rj +-6h x [+g+rs]q
J tt

\7-[
vr * qt * 4J *^lr*F, '

. ', D .D '- \:F< z r-r" -'4.j +tlF . ar * -,j fK

tc, [i-4 *+o- D-O oF F_ = n: +JZ,'*rx et p : (t,2-,-t )


1n # e al ir* a F pQ r^tt,,ex-p a (_ l, a_, 3)
,qgYs- a: p-e - ?-p = or'+-cj +-yk

,'" vF r(-\+zt:t+(r+<Jr+(7+.t1,
b.n :VF-e : Y+lr
-
e7
il. ff-"1 *\e D.o oF f : r.J'+ Jt + zr' e+ ( r, t, r) d*g
'*=-Y,
Y >t-, Z=t3
sgll-:.. -- ---Q = 4t- a drc i + dYj +,e18--t(
-al+ o{* 4+ olt

't' ( n or. 'f *,


J o Fo r co-fzs/
C-o nn R ,& reJ

",. o =i+t-i+Et'l<
O . i+Lj*sr<
'* g = i+v'1 ;l-3
lql

a,ve = (J-+'xz)i+(rxJ rz.") j+Lt-Jz r*) k.


YF = Ee'*.rj{*3r, '
LJ,t,t) , '

'', n.D: vF-e:3ll6.F? : ld

lp. *he n.n oS tr : xJzz+xz of, Cr,r,r) l.l, *4re


Ffrrd
dlr*oF trorrno] -lo € =S-.gL+7-z-qf (or,l.t
s "/' :- q = rrJ :,a)d-o- + Cerc',y'+-i.\j + ( k (-rr,l
o --t vg -- zi-l-i -r
( o.l. r)
t

-. € = q, : 3t l-=f *l<
lnt
('1 [ r il

.'. f e= ( yzz-+<J-r'+ (:r z1\j r e^r.J r:qils

LJ, L, L)
D'O "* C+ t-s =t1
Jlr JNHY
st-
I S Hr',d {+',e- on3 te L*us<en *he- s v rfe cas r -
J =xr+-Jr+<r=.q

1o/":.' \ZF : arl f-e_)rj /*rFk : 4l'.-z_J ++r


\rS:z'ce'{-e.Ji *h =t.i-*sd./K
O.,tr : V

L r-L,L

be, -ke {-he,n e.{sc *<,+p i+ %o +,,,e_.


n"]]'. \-" =(Jt=-.); -' ( t-' .-" U * (rJ, *.=l k
= {- ?i ?-LF
-

tnoJ iat*-rs"c* oylhoJ o nn!.(J al' ( L , *L t u)

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