*SCRIPT UTK BACA PRESENTATION*

LOCATION

Slide 1

We have to consider some important things in deciding the location for our project. The site
should have sufficient amount of water, the ability to store water, water head, accessibilities
of site and distance from the load centre. From our observation around Uniten area, we have
decided that the Uniten Lake is the best place to place our hydroelectric generator for its
largest water reservoir compared to other places in Uniten.

Slide 2

As we can see from the picture, there is a concrete wall and an overflow drain that can be
modified as floodgate for the hydroelectric generator.

Power System Topology

Slide 3

The basic principle of the hydro power generation is impulse or reaction system. Water
potential is converted into the mechanical energy by rotating the turbine and mechanical
energy is further converted into the electrical energy by using generator. All the electricity
made at a powerplant comes first through transformers which raise the voltage, so it can
travel long distances through powerlines.

Slide 4

Studies to date have focussed on micro-scale hydro power plant for improving efficiency at
smaller scale. For micro-hydro power, there are two types of power system for its application,
off-grid system and grid-integrated system. The use of battery bank for micro-scale hydro
power has been widely used as it also can be integrated with other renewable energy source
such as photovoltaic and wind power. The off-grid system, the power generated from the
hydro power is converted into dc to charge the battery bank and inverter will convert dc
supply of battery bank to ac power supply for load uses. For the grid-intergrated system the
generator is supplying the power to the grid for when the battery bank is fully charged.
*TEXT UTK COMPILE*
LOCATION

We have to consider some important things in deciding the location for our project. The site
should have sufficient amount of water, the abilitiy to store water, water head, accessibilities
of site and distance from the load centre. From our observation around uniten area, the
Uniten Lake has a wall barrier which by our view, can be modified to utilise as hydro power
generation. It’s also by far the tallest water head and the largest water reservoir we can get
inside uniten. By that, we have decided that the Uniten Lake is the best place to place our
hydroelectric generator for its largest water reservoir compared to other places in Uniten.

POWER SYSTEM TOPOLOGY

This power plant plays an important role to protect our fossil fuel which is limited, because
the generated electricity in hydro power station is the use of water which is renewable source
of energy and available in lots of amount without any cost [1]. Some of the big advantage of
hydro power is the water which the main stuff to produce electricity in hydro power plant is
free, it not contains any type of pollution and after generated electricity the price of electricity
is average not too much high. The basic principle of the hydro power generation is impulse or
reaction system [3]. Water potential is converted into the mechanical energy by rotating the
turbine and mechanical energy is further converted into the electrical energy by using
generator. All the electricity made at a powerplant comes first through transformers which
raise the voltage, so it can travel long distances through powerlines. Studies to date have
focussed on micro-scale hydro power plant for improving efficiency at smaller scale [1]. There
are two types of power system for micro-hydro power application, off-grid system and grid-
integrated system [2]. The use of battery bank for micro-scale hydro power has been widely
used as it also can be integrated with other renewable energy source such as photovoltaic
and wind power [2]. As for the off-grid system, the load directly use the energy generator
from the hydro power generator without battery bank or through an inverter which convert
dc power supply of battery bank to ac power supply [3]. Grid-integrated system uses to
directly supply the load with the power generated from the generator and has several
operating characteristic, fixed speed generation, variable speed generation and direct
connection topology [3]. In order to keep in synchronization, the speed of generator must
remain constant. To overcome the problem of irregular speed of the turbine, the variable
voltage-variable frequency drive (VVVF) is used [3]. The selection of power system for a hydro
power is crucial we need to consider the nature of the loads, the space to place the energy
storage devices and the difficulty to place new electrical lines [3].