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INTRODUCTION
A. BACKGROUND
opinions, through language people learn from one another the things they
want to know. Imagine if human beings could not communicate with one
and no other people will talk to him anything. So it would be impossible for
must be learned by the Indonesian students from the Junior high school up to
University
because in learning a new language the students tend to transfer their native
students.
A. THE PROBLEM OF THE STUDY
teacher rare relates the materials with the native language of the students, in
seeing this fact, the writer tries to arise some problems, those are:
2. Are the kinds of the English and Indonesian adverbs the same or
not?
3. What are the rules of the process of the English and Indonesian
adverbs formation?
formation?
formation?
sentences?
B. HYPOTHESIS
1. There are many kinds of the English and Indonesian adverbs, for
same.
formations.
formation.
formation.
10. The position of the English and Indonesian adverbs are before
3. To know the rules of the process of the English and Indonesian adverb
formation.
sentences.
To avoid misinterpretation and make this study clearly, the writer quotes
THEORITICAL BACKGROUND
In this chapter the writer will discuss the problems that are re3lated to the
title “A comparative study between English and Indonesian Adverbs”. From that
title the writer discusses the problem in detail. So the writer needs many kinds of
theories concepts and Ideas of experts. In order to make this study clearly, the
1. MORPHEME
We would say that the word “REOPENED” in the sentence “The police
follows:
2. MORPHEME TYPES
There are also bound morphemes that are those which cannot normally
stand alone, but which are typically attached to another form. Examples:
se-, ly, se-nya, a-, -ive. The set of affixes which fall in to the bound
words in the language and are of ten used to make new words of
as words.
Example: “ed” to make “reopen” into the past tense form: “reopened.”
3. WORD
When the people produce utterances to convoy ideas, of course the use
sentences which contain many words as one of the most illusive of the
(1958: 204) means a thing when we are talking about written language
and another when we are talking about speech. Even though there is a
considerable over lapping between the two, they are not identical. It has
word it is called that written English is identical with people write while
4. PART OF SPEECH
In this sub-chapter, the writer does not discuss the part of speech in
detail explanation.
He just probably describes adverbs in details, because adverb is the
language have a little differences. The writer deals with the topic
clarified as follows:
speech. These are verbs, noun and adjective. The four types of
as follows:
4.1.1. VERB
4.1.1.1. Verbs are class of lexical words marked by their use of four
phrases.
substitute.
intervening words.
4.1.2. ADJECTIVE
(1958) defines:
4.1.4. NOUN
(-ster)
three are the same (kata kerja, kata benda, kata sifat). It is a new
ADDITION:
phrase YANG + KATA SIFAT. For example, the word meja can
tinggi SEKALI.
1. ADVERBS OF MANNER
This type of adverb modifies the verb to answer the question “How”.
This type of adverb modifies the verb to answer the question “where”.
3. ADVERBS OF TIME
After wards, eventually, now, tomorrow, yesterday, the day before yesterday,
activity.
The words that indicate this adverb are:
b. Definitely, clearly
c. Surely.
5. ADVERBS OF DURATION
This is used for those adverbials that answer the question (for) how long.
6. ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY
These adverbs are used for those adverbials that answer the question “How
often”.
7. ADVERBS OF DEGREE
Almost, nearly, quite, just, too, enough, extremely, only, so, well, etc.
8. ADVERBS OF PARTICLES
Sometimes the particles are functioned as adverbs. The particles are up, down,
in, out, away, over, etc. Sometimes particles are followed the nouns to become
preposition.
ADVERB FORMATION
adjectives are made from noun + suffix (-ful, -less, -ive, etc). The derived
wise, etc.
affixation process.
6. Combining the noun determiners (some, any, every, no) with a limited list
sentence, example:
a sentence, example:
INDONESIANS ADVERB
Kata keterangan (adverb) in Indonesian based on the traditional structure is a
description as follows:
a. IN A WORD: It means adverbs that are stated in word, and formed by:
Example:
Biasa+nya ; biasanya
Hendak+nya ; hendaknya
Example:
4. Reduplikation Of Verb
For example:
tiba ; tiba-tiba
diam ; diam-diam
sampai ; sampai-sampai
b. IN A GROUP OF WORDS
It means adverbs that are stated in two or more words that support a
Examples:
Dengan pisau
Ke Jakarta, etc.
Example:
Etc.
example:
This adverb modifies a verb, where an activity is done. The words that
(kata tugas): di, ke, dari, di dalam, with noun/phrase, example: di dapur, di
indicate these adverbs are sekarang, luas, besok, kemarin, tahun lalu,
list bellow is the kind of kata keterangan modalitas and the words that
indicate it:
f. Larangan : Jangan.
degrees of the event. The kind of it and the words indicate it is as follows:
a. Inkoatif : pun-lah
adverb).
g. Habituatif : biasanya.
This adverb modifies the verb, how certain an activity is done. The
special words indicate this adverbs are: amat, hanya, hampir, cukup,etc.
This adverb modifies the verb to answer the question:” what is used to
of them will be shown on the following page. The researcher shows them
(the words that indicate this adverbs are: pattern: DENGAN +
This adverb opposes in activity the speaker tells. The function words
are use used as this adverb, they are: tapi, biarpun, kendatipun, namun.
Kata keterangan sebab modifies the verbs to answer the question “why
the activity is done. “This adverb uses the function words: karena,sebab.
This adverb modifies the result that happened because an activity. The
achieved. The function words that are used as this adverb are: untuk, supaya,
agar.
This adverb describes exception about an activity. The word that used:
hanya,kecualy.
1. There are some numerous adverbs, which are placed at initial/front position
2. Some of them are placed at the mid position (at the mid of sentence).
3. Sometimes those adverbs are placed at the end position that means at the end
RESEARCH METHOD
In accordance with the aim of study, the approach is directed and outlined to
answer the research problem. The study in this case, involves two components of
and position of adverb. The study here is comparative study, which seeks and
analyzes the similarities and differences between English and Indonesian adverbs
1. Population
The population of this study is all base and derived adverbs and new
a long time.
2. Sample
As sample, the writer chooses to novels that consist of best and derived
B. DATA COLLECTION
In collecting the data, as the writer stated before that the study is a
he uses instrument.
Those are:
1. Literature
Here, reading some books, which has relationships with the study, is to
gain some theories on the adverb formations, gain and position and its
process for analyzing the data and presenting them according to the
aim of the research. The book taken the support the description of the
2. Documentation
In this instrument, the writer documented the data from the target
2.1. Identification
The first step is mainly done by reading the novels. While reading the
novels the writer identifies the base and derived adverb of new forms
After identifying the base and derived adverbs or new form of the two-
2.3. Classification
In this step, the writer classifies the lists made according to their
process of adverbs.
Example:
TABLE I
etc
TABLE II
Therefore the tables made are depending on the kind and the process of
adverb formation.
C. DATA ANALYSIS
differences between English and Indonesian adverb, the writer does the
following steps:
1. A is a derivational prefix
adverb.
and Indonesian languages to be analyzed, finally the writer does the last
step.
example:
ENGLISH INDONESIAN
1. Adverbials ofmanner 1. Adverbium kualitatif
2. Adverbials of time, etc. 2. Adverbium temporal
CHAPTER IV
Based on the research done by the researcher on the English and Indonesian
adverbs classification and formation that used two novels as subject, the gathered
A. ENGLISH ADVERBS
CLASIFICATION ANALYSIS
this novel (The Big Kill) by Mickey Spillane. The Classification by the
function is as follows:
a. Function:
This type of adverb modifies the verb to answer the question “how”.
b. Formation:
Based on the samples above, the analysis below will show of how the
a. AFFIXATION PROCEESS
the component:
a. CARE is noun
b. FUL is derivational suffix, changes the noun to
derived adjective.
adjective to adverb.
a. a is a derivational prefix
b. part is noun
adverb WELL. It is better (8/28). This process does not change the
part of speech.
c. Position:
sentence/clause, example:
Example:
a. Function:
This type of adverb modifies the verb to answer the question “Where”.
b. Formation:
The words that used as adverbs of place and direction are formed by the
ways below:
Based on the samples above, the analysis will show of how the words are
formed:
component:
a. A is a derivational prefix
The other words that are formed by this way are ACROSS, AHEAD,
ASIDE.
component:
a. A is a derivational prefix
adjective to adverb.
component:
a. FOR is a preposition
a. Function:
Adverb of time modify the verbs or predicate complements to answer the
b. Formation:
Based on the samples above, the researcher classifies the adverbs into 2
parts:
a. DEFINITE TIME:
The words that are used in the novel (The Big Kill) are:
(26/23) today
b. INDEFINITE TIME
NIGHT/DAY (noun).
The compounding of the two words makes new forms: tonight and
the component:
c. MORNING is a noun
adverb.
a.3.3 “A FEW MINUTES LATER” is created from a A FEW MINUTES +
c. Position:
a. Function:
b. Formation:
That word that is found by the researcher is SURELY (28/25). This
c. Position;
a. Function
The term Adverbs of frequency is used for those adverbials that answer
b. Formation:
(27/19) never
2. DERIVED ADVERBS:
component:
component:
adjective to adverb.
component:
WEEK is a noun.
The combination of the two components does not change the part
c. Position
- Initial position:
- Mid position:
- End position:
I might find Lou Grindle on 57th street in a place called the Hop
Scootch where a room was available for some heavy sugar card games
once a week.
A.6. ADVERBS OF DURATION
a. Function:
b. Formation:
1. For is a preposition.
c. Position:
He was on the level for a long time, then, just like that, he went bed.
a.Function:
b. Formation:
The stems indicate adverbs of degree are (7/5) enough (27/1) only
c.Position:
a. Function:
of their own. The particles are used with verbs to form combinations
b. Formation:
(7/1) down (7/12) back (8/45) off (12/46) up (7/7) over (8/1) out etc.
c. Position:
This adverb is placed in the mid position, example It was one of those
nights when the sky came down, and wrapped itself around the world.
B. INDONESIAN ADVERB
CLASSIFICATION ANALYSES
adverbs that are used in the novel “Sejuta Pintu Cintaku” by Motinggo
a. Function:
This type of adverb modifies a verb to answer the questions
b. Formation:
kualitatif:
Based on the samples above, the analysis will show of how the words
are formed:
a. M. Ramlan)
b. CEKATAN is an adjective
The new form made by this combination is DENGAN
adjective to adverb.
way.
line19th.
c. Position:
The most usual position in this novel, keterangan kualitatif is
Lewat lubang tembok batas teras aku lmelihat dia memetik bunga
anggrek seenaknya.
a. Function:
b. Formation:
Based on the samples above, the analysis will show of how the words
happened:
a.DI is a preposition
(noun)
changes the part of speech; noun to adverb. This is the most usual
process in Indonesian
a.DI is a preposition
b. DALAM is adverb.
The combination of DI + DALAM makes a new preposition; di
dalam.
possessive pronoun.
the component:
a.DI is a preposition
noun to adverb.
c.From the description number 1-4, the resultant is: keterangan tempat
Preposition + Noun, or
d. Position:
namanya. Nagib.
a. Function:
This type of adverb modifies the verb to answer the question KAPAN
(when)
Based on the novel ”Sejuta Pintu Cintaku”, the simple of the words that are
used in it is follows:
Based on the samples above, the analysis below will show of how the words
happened:
1. “TADI”, KINI,”DULU” are stems as adverbs, so they don’t
the component:
b. MENIT is a noun.
(beberapa menit).
c. KEMUDIAN is an adverb.
The new form is BEBERAPA MENIT KEMUDIAN (adverb).
b. Position
menangis selama-lamanya?
a. Function:
b. Formation:
This kind of adverb uses special words to indicate it. So the table
below will show of the words that used only, in several kinds of adverb
are some of them need affixation process, such as: RUPANYA= RUPA
(stem) + -NYA (afiks) that changes the part of speech; noun to adverb.
c. Position:
Example (25/19).
(78/7)
a. Functon:
b. Formation:
ketika (10/12)
4. MOMENTAL: tiba-tiba(9/2)
c. Position:
a. Function:
is done.
b. Formation:
Berkali-kali (47/7)
c. Position:
Example: (11/11).
a. Function:
This type of adverb modifies the verb to answer the question “what is
used to do an activity”.
b. Formation:
The words that are used as keterangan instrumental is formed with the
pattern:
The words that are used in the novel “Sejuta Pintu Cintaku” are:
Dengan : preposition
Mobilnya: noun
c. Position;
In this novel (Sejuta Pintu Cintaku) this adverb is always placed at the
end position.
Example: Jam 10 rumah kami sudah sepi, namun zain tidak langsung
a. Function:
activity.
b. Formation:
The words as keterangan kesertaan /komitatif can be formed with the
pattern:
c. Position:
The most usual position of this adverb in the novel “Sejuta Pintu
a. Function:
speaker tells.
b. Formation
(10/12) tapi.
(32/10) biarpun
(78/7) kendatipun
(138/7) namun.
c. Position:
1. This adverb is usually placed at initial position. for example:
(10/12).
a. Function:
b. Formation:
(122/3) sebab
c. Position:
Sebab aku yakin sekali bahwa zain jatuh cinta padaku biarpun secara
a. Function:
anactivity.
b. Frmation:
There are two word used that used as keterangan konsekuentif in the
c. Position:
a. Function:
achieved.
b. Formation:
adverbs. In the novel “Sejuta Pintu Cintaku” the researcher find two
words:
In the novel the researcher had read, this type of adverb is placed at the
Bahkan ada yang memelihara kumis supaya mirip dengan Bjorn Borg.
(12/24) Tadi ketika, papa mau menjenguk orang sakit, papa memberi
a. Function:
b. Formation:
There are some definite words that express this adverb (keterangan
(15/21) seperti
(16/2) bagai
Both of them are stems,so there is not any change to use them as
adverb.
c. Position:
The position or this adverb in the novel “Sejuta pintu Cintaku” is at the
a. Function:
b. Formation:
There is one base adverb that in use in the novel “Sejuta Pintu Cintaku:
c. Position:
In the novel “Sejuta pintu cintaku “ the word expressing this adverbs is
(9/10) yang kudengar hanya jerit Yanie, lawanku, lalu aku tak
After doing the analysis, what is presented for the result or data
ADVERB
ENGLISH INDONESIAN
1. Adverbs of Manner 1 Adverbium Kualitatif
.
2. Adverbs of Time 2 Adverbium Temporal
(Definite time) .
TABLE:…
Similarities on formation
3. 3. Keterangan Aspek
Adverbs of frequency (Frekuentative & Habituatif)
(13/15) always BASE ADVERBS
(27/19) never (22/23) kadang
(11/26) jarang,etc
4. Adverbs of Frequency 4.
STEM + DS Keterangan Aspek (Frekuentatif &
USUAL + ly; usually Habituatif)
COMBINATION STEM + DS
ADVERB-NOUN Biasa + nya
Once a week COMBINATION
ADVERB-NOUN
Kadang kala
5. Advebs expressing degrees of
certainty 5.
Stem + ds Keterangan Modalitas (kepastian
Sure + ly; surely dan Kesangsian)
STEM + DS
rupa + nya; rupanya
6. Adverbs of degree rasa + nya; rasanya
BASE ADVERBS
Enough 6.
Only Kata Keterangan Derajat
Very Base Adverbs
Etc. Hampir
Hanya
Amat
Etc.
ENGLISH INDONESIAN
1. Adverbs of Time 1 –
(indefinite time)
2. – 3. Keterangan
- modalitas:
- - Pengakuan
- - Larangan
- - Kondisional
- Keheranan.
3. Adverbs of Duration
4. –
4. Adv
erbs of particle 4. –
4. – 5. Kata
- Keterangan Aspek:
- - Inkoatif
- - Duratif
- - Perfektif
- - Momental
- Kondisional
5.
6. Kata Keterangan
– Instrumental
6. – 7. Kata Keterangan
Komitatif
7. –
8. Kata Keterangan
8. – Konsesif
9. – 9. Kata Keterangan
Kausal
Komperative
ENGLISH INDONESIAN
I. ADVERBS OF MANNER I. KETERANGAN
KUALITATIF
1. AFFIKS + STEEM 1. AFIKS + STEM
- Se-nya + enak; seenaknya
2. ADJECTIVE + DS 2. ADJECTIVE + DS
Slow + ly; slowly -
Purpose + ly; purposely -
etc
3. NOUN + D. SUFFIXES 3. NOUN + D. SUFFIXES
Care + ful + ly; carefully -
Help + less + ly; helplessly -
Protecti + ve + ly; protectively -
4. DP + NOUN 4. DP + NOUN
A + part; apart -
5. IRREGULAR PROCESS 5. IRREGULAR PROCESS
good; well -
6. COMPARISON OF ADVERB 6. COMPARISON OF
Well; better ADVERB
-
7. PREPOSISI + ADJECTIVE 7. PREPOSISI + ADJECTIVE
- dengan + cekatan; dengan
- cetakan
dengan + fasih; dengan fasih
- Terkikih-terkikih
II. ADVERBS OF PLACE & II. KATA KETERANGAN
DIRECTION TEMPAT
1. AFFIXATION PROCESS 1. AFFIXATION PROCESS
1. DP + STEM 1 DP + STEM
- Tiba-tiba
VI ADVERBS OF DURATION VI -
PREPOSITION + NOUN PH.
down
back
off, etc.
VIII - VIII KATA KETERANGAN
ALAT DENGAN + NOUN
PHRASE
dengan tinta cetak emas
dengan bobilnya,etc.
IX. - IX. KATA KETERANGAN
KOMITATIF DENGAN +
PERSONAL PRONOUN
tapi
namun
etc.
karena
sebab
etc.
XII. - XII. KATA KETERANGAN
KONSEKUETIF
CONJUNCTION/KATA
TUGAS
sehingga
sampai,etc.
XIII - XIII KATA KETERANGAN
FINAL
CONJUNCTION/KATA
TUGAS
untuk
Supaya,
etc.
XIV - XIV KATA KETERANGAN
KOMPARATIF
. . KONJUNCTION /KATA
TUGAS:
seperti
sebagai
XV. - XVI KATA KETERANGAN
PERWATASAN
CONJUNCTION//KATA
TUGAS:
hanya
kecuali
ENGLISH INDONESIAN
1 Adverbs of Manner 1. Kata Keterangan Kualitatif
Mid position -
- Beginning/initial position
2 Adverbs of Place 2 Kata Keterangan Tempat
Mid position -
- Beginning/initial position
3 - 3 Kata Keterangan Modalitas
- Initial position
Adverbs of Degree 4. Kata keterangan derajad
- Initial position
5. Adverbs of Duration 5. -
Mid position -
6. - 6. Kata Keterangan
Instrumental
End/final position
7. - 7. Kata Keterangan Komitatif
End position
8. - 8. Kata Keterangan Konsensif
Initial position
Mid position
9. - 9. Kata Keterangan Kausal
Mid position
Initial position
10. - 10. Kata Keterangan
Konsekuetif
Mid position
CHAPTER V
A. CONCLUSION
follows:
ENGLISH INDONESIAN
1. Adverbs of manner 1. Kata keterangan kualitatif
2. Adverbs of Place & Direction 2. Kata Keterangan Tempat
(Adverbium Lokatif)
3. Adverbs of Time 3. Kata Keterangan waktu
(definite & indefinite)
2. From the kinds of the English and Indonesian adverbs above we know
that some types of the English adverbs are the same of Indonesian
ENGLISH INDONESIAN
a. The use of base adverb a. The use of base adverbs
(13/12) tomorrow (11/2) tadi
(24/34) now (9/1) pasti
(13/15) always (9/2) sering
(27/19) never (15/21) kini
etc etc.
b. AFFIXATION PROCESS:
STEM + DS
PATTERN: PATTERN:
HEAD+MODIFIER HEAD +MODIFIER
English and Indonesian adverbs (on the formation), with the explanation:
ENGLISH INDONESIAN
a.1. Base Adverbs a.1. Base Adverbs
In this process there is no change of part of speech.
a.2 AFFIXATION a.2. AFFIXATION PROCESS
PROCESS INDONESIA
ENGLISH
a.2.1. STEM + DS a.2.1. STEM +DS
This process changes the part of speech; adjective to adverb, or noun to adverb.
a.3 COMBINATION a.3 COMBINATION
a.3.1 COMBINATION WITH a.3.1 COMBINATION WITH
PREPOSITION PREPOSITION
(ENGLISH) (INDOSIAN)
The combination in a. 3.1 changes the part of speech; noun to adverb. The
adverb.
b. The process of English and Indonesian adverbs are different in the uses
of:
ENGLISH INDONESIAN
b.1 NOUN + SUFFIXES b.1. -
ENGLISH INDONESIAN
Affiks + reduplication of an adjective
changes the part of speech; adjective to
adverb.
ENGLISH INDONESIAN
b.6. - b.6 REDUPLICATION
ENGLISH INDONESIAN
Pattern: -
MODIFIER + HEAD
ADD: The process in b.7 changes the part of speech; noun to adverb.
adverb.
The process in b.9 changes the part of; particles to become adverb. The
ENGLISH INDONESIAN
1 - 1. Kata keterangan waktu, e.g: Hanya
beberapa menit kemudian ayahku
pulang.
ENGLISH INDONESIAN
1. Adverbs expressing degrees of 1. -
certainty
2. Adverbs of frequency 2. -
3. Adverbs of degree 3. Kata keterangan derajat
4. Adverbs of particles 4. -
5. - 5. Kata keterangan kausal
6. - 6. Kata keterangan akibat
7. - 7. Kata keterangan final
8. - 8. Kata keterangan
Komparatif
9. - 9. Kata keterangan
perwatasan
10 Adverbs of duration 10. -
5.3 The English and Indonesian adverbs that are placed at the end /final
position:
ENGLISH INDONESIAN
1. Adverbs Of manner 1. Kata keterangan kualitatif
2. Adverbs Of time 2. -
3. Adverbs Of place 3. Kata keterangan tempat
4. Adverbs Of frequency 4. -
5. - 5. Kata keterangan alat
6. - 6. Kata keterangankomitatif
B. SUGGESTION
From the discussion and analyses in chapter Iv, the researcher finds
(in the door; disebelah kamarku). On the position, adverb s of manner have
Seeing this fact, the researcher assumes that the learners of English
materials that have differences from mother tongue, but not in the similar
ones. So the researcher would like to suggest to the learning English writers
as follows:
adverbs-formations;
second order and be given more attention and explanation than those
BILBIOGRAPHI
American English Grammar, 1958, Co. New york, The Ronald Press.
5. George Yule, The Study of Language,
Appendix …
SPILLANE.
door.
5 The placed rocked of stale beer and angry man with enough
play on the juke until a tomato in a dress that was tight a year
on the seat.
8 45 He set the drink down and took off the bundle.
9 12 When they came away he bent his heat.
33 It only took two of them and the guy slammed forward on his
face.
34 Another shadow ran under the light.
10 8 I opened the cigarettes and stuck one in my mouth.
12 A jagged streak of lighting cut across the sky to answer me.
19 I pointed my butt at the thing on the sidewalk.
26 He dipped his hand in my coat.
28 He looked them both over carefully.
43 The driver of the car ran over him, purposely.
11 3 The cop said patiently.
7 So at one o’clock in the morning.
12 4 But one show had a whole in the bottom.
11 We had to scrape him away from between the tires.
9 You should a seen what we had last week.
19 Pat was vague figure in a trench coat, watching me closely.
27 What I knew him of him came strictly from the papers.
46 I want to know what the hell goes on. You got another wild
Hop Scatch were a room was a available for some heavy sugar
doorway.
17 19 He left the tray on the table.
39 His fingers were curled up like he wanted to take me apart at
the seams.
17 44 It was as close as he could come to looking normally
surprised.
48 I learned forward and leaned on the table.
18 1 A long time go he worked for Charly Fallon.
I’m wondering whether or not he was winking for you tonight.
3
48 I said “Penn station”, to the driver, held the kid against to
soften the joys of the ride and paid of the driver a few minutes
later.
19 17 Her breath caught in her throat sharply.
18 He smiled sleepily.
23 3 On the floor downstairs was an elderly retired nurses
Hollywood.
22 21 When I come in, he tossed them aside.
23 9 Sometimes you can’t do what you want to do.
26 Now spell it back words.
3 When they entered they found a woman sprawled on the floor
30 He would have taken the dough along.
46 That’s on top of a garbage pail somewhere.
25 24 A four-story brownstone that seemed to tilt out towards.
39 I stood balancing my self on my toes lightly.
9 Both the priest and the super exchanged glances quickly.
135 Apparently they thought that when he came back to get his kit
soon.
47 1 We aren’t drinking very fancy tonight, are we?
4 Oh, occasionally. I don’t go much for these places.
51 4 Now, if you will stay put I will whip up a couple of
sandwiches.
28 She looked painfully unhappy.
53 6 Some how I got my eyes open.
51 18 Her arms tightened protectively around the kid.
at once.
157 38 Jerry was in a chair holding his broken arm to his chest.
158 18 Unfortunately, you killed each other.
V. ADVERBS OF DEGREES
(7/5) Enough
(27/1) Only
(47/1) Very
(14/28) Too
(28/2) Much
Appendix …
BY MOTINGGO BUSYIE.
lagi selama-lamanya.
10 Yang terdengar hanya jerit Yanie, lawanku lalu aku tidak
biru.
6 Bahkan ada yang memelihara kumis supaya mirip dengan
Bjurie Borg.
10 Kusangka dia malahan dia tamu yang kasar.
12. Tapi ketika menaruhkan setangkai bunga mawar di meja
sudut tempat tidurku, lalu dia ulur kan tangan, kudengar dia
katakana.
103 17 Malam itu juga dia berkenalan dengan Papa.
104 20 Tiba-tiba saja, aku meliahat bersama ibuku perubahan besar
papa.
106 8 Sekiranya Bapak ini dulu mau memberi sebagian dari
hipnotis…
130 20 Mendengar kisah-kisah sedih begini rasanya memberi
hikmah daripada mendengar orang ketawa terkikih-kikih
dengan topeng agama agar dia diminta papa kamu untuk jadi
menantunya.
138 9 …namun Zain tidak langsung pulang dengan mobilnya.
140 16 Kataku dengan nada mantap, hampir menangis namun
kutahan jua.
boleh-boleh saja.
164 16 Kini aku menginap di Nipa Ledge bersama suamiku.
169 15 Dalam rahimku bayi ini sering bergerak kencang.
179 2 Betapapun aku berdoa dengan sebaik-baik doa, akhirnya
mempunyai seseorang.
31 26 Hanya beberapa menit kemudian ayahku pulang.
33 1 Tahun lalu, kakak perempuanku yang kamarnya berada di
sebelah kamarku …
Ram.
11 1 “Sebetulnya belum boleh”, kataku.
14 1 “Kamu mungkin berbakat mengarang”, kataku.
22 23 Memang cinta pertama itu kadang mengalami nasib lagi apes.
24 12 Keluarga kami memang mungkin beda dengan kamu.
61 26 Seorang wanita Mesir yang konon cantik, pernah
Tante Ram.
181 28 “Marilah sembahyang bersama Mama”, kataku.
184 21 Sungguh, ketika Rina mengaminkan doa yang kubaca sampai
terkantuk-kantuk.
20 7 Dan malam itu entah malam apa akupun lupa.
22 4 Aku memeng suka duduk di kursi tua….
9 Itu cowok yang namanya Nagib baru datang dari luar negeri.
23 18 …mungkin karena aku seorang gadis yang banyak berbeda
duduk di sofa.
31 25 Hanya beberapa menit kemudian ayahku pulang.
32 10 Biarpun rumah kami bertingkat dua dan terdiri dari delapan
kini malahan…
THE CLASSIFICATION OF INDONESIAN ADVERB BASED ON THE
(49/6) dengan tinta cetak emas,dengan warna dasar kertas military color
BERSAMA
(10/7) dengan Bjorn Borg
CONJUNCTIONS:
(10/12) tapi
(32/10) biarpun
(78/7) kendatipun
(138/7) namun
X. KETERANGAN KAUSAL/SEBAB
CONJUNCTIONS:
(71/9) karena
(122/3) sebab
(22/6) sehingga
(184/21) sampai
CONJUNCTIONS:
(10/6) supaya
(12/24) untuk
CONJUNTIONS:
(15/21) seperti
(16/2) bagai
CONJUNCTIONS:
(9/10) hanya