‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬

-36-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 
 K٪٧٥‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ J‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢
 K‫א‬ J٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬ J٤
 K‫א‬ J٥
 K‫א‬‫א‬٦
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٧
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
- 38 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 "Hydraulic pumps"‫א‬‫א‬ J١
 
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬K
 KE‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
K
 ‫א‬،‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 (Gear pump)‫א‬‫ א‬-
(Vane pump)‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬-
 Plunger pump (Piston pump)E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ J

 Gear pump ‫א‬‫א‬ J١ J١

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ -
‫א‬ -
‫א‬
 ‫א‬K‫א‬E١F
a‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KbE‫א‬F‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١F
 
‫א‬،b‫א‬a‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬E٢F
‫א‬‫א‬K? ‫א‬‫?א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E٢F
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬E٣F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E٣F
 
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬،E‫א‬
 
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤F‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E٤F
 
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
‫א‬ K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K(leakage)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE٥F‫א‬‫א‬
 K(internal drainage system)‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٥F
 
 "pump performance'‫א‬‫א‬ J٢ J١
 (Theoretical capacity) ‫א‬‫א‬ J١ J٢ J١
‫א‬? ‫א‬‫?א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 KE٢LF٢L‫א‬E‫א‬F
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬
 W(volumetric efficiency)‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬Z(V.E.)‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 capacity variation ‫א‬‫א‬ J٢ J٢ J١

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬  J١
 K‫א‬‫א‬WE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬  J٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬  J٣

 W‫א‬‫א‬ J٣ J٢ J١

K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬ J٤ J٢ J١
٨E٠{٠٠١٦F٠{٠٤،‫א‬
 KE٠{٠٠٠٨F٠{٠٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
L١٥٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٠{٠٤٥٠{٠٢٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪٢٠‫א‬‫א‬E٠{٠٠١٨٠{٠٠١٠F
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L٤٠٠L١٥٠٠‫א‬
‫א‬E ‫א‬F‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE٢L١٧٤٠F٢L١٢٠
 K
 
 
 
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬ J٥ J٢ J١

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
،٪٢٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣٦F٢٠‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
،L٤٠٠‫א‬‫א‬E١٤٠F٦٠‫א‬
 E٢L١٧٤٠F٢L١٢٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 
 servicing & maintenance ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٦ J٢ J١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٥٠٠٠
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٥٠٠٠
 K‫א‬‫א‬ -
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬-
K -
 K‫א‬‫ א‬-
 
W‫א‬ J
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬??‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬ E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
W‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K??
،،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E١٧٦F٨٠
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 "Vane pump"‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢ J١

 "Theory"‫א‬‫א‬ J١ J٢ J١
،a‫א‬‫א‬b?
 ?‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٦F
 K‫א‬‫א‬b‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬B‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KA‫א‬‫א‬
،K
 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬F‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬A‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬B‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 ‫א‬E٦F
 
 Pressure balanced vane pump  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢ J٢ J١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٦F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬D،A‫א‬‫א‬E٧F
 K‫א‬K‫א‬C،B‫א‬
 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٧F
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 WE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ J٣ J١
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫ א‬-
‫א‬‫ א‬-
‫א‬‫ א‬-
 
 (Reciprocating plunger pumps) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J١ J٣ J١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬  K
  ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 
 "Radial plunger pumps" ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢ J٣ J١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٨F
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٨F
 
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬،
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 "Axial plunger pumps" ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٣ J٣ J١
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J٢
‫א‬‫ א‬ J٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J٥
‫א‬‫ א‬ J٦
 
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٩F
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٩F
 
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٠F
 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٩F
 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 "Features of plunger pumps"  ‫א‬‫א‬ J٤ J٣ J١

‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٢L٢١٠K 
‫א‬‫א‬K ٢ L ٥٠٠
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٤ J١
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 "Variable displacement vane pump"‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J١ J٤ J١
‫א‬‫א‬? ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫?א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬K‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

K‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٤٥٠D‫א‬C‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬
 K?‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 "Variable displacement plunger pump" ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢ J٤ J١
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬?‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
E ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬E١٠FK‫א‬
B،A‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KC،B‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E٣٥F
 

 
 E١٠F
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 "Hydraulic actuators" ‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬ J٢

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J١ J٢
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J١ J١ J٢
‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١١F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 


 ‫א‬‫א‬E١١F
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢ J١ J٢

‫א‬EE١٢F‫א‬F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
 ‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 


 ‫א‬‫א‬E١٢F
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٣ J١ J٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 "Oscillating Cylinders"  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٤ J١ J٢

 ‫א‬‫א‬KE F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

- 56 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 "Hydraulic motors" ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢ J٢

‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K
 ‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬?،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K?‫א‬
 
 "gear motors"‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١ J٢ J٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬E١٢F
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 E١٢F
 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 "Vane Motor"   ‫א‬‫א‬ J٢ J٢ J٢

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،K‫א‬‫א‬
K
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٣ J٢ J٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 "Hydraulic control valves"‫א‬‫א‬ J٣

 

 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬
 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ -
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ -
K‫א‬W‫א‬ -
 
 Directional control valve  ‫א‬‫א‬ J١ J٣
 

 
 ‫א‬E١٣F
 
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬،‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J١ J١ J٣
 Function of the check valve in the control valve
 

 
 E١٤F
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 


 E١٥F
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬??‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬E ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬? ??
 ?‫א‬?‫?א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K??‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
?
 ?،??‫א‬
 K‫א‬K??
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
 KE‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬KE
 F ‫א‬‫א‬E F‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 "floating" ‫א‬ J٢ J١ J٣

  ،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،"floating condition"? ‫?א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K"float"??‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬? ?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬??‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬??
 K‫א‬
 
? ?
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٣F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 
K ‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K(H)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
 E١٥F
 
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E
 ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٣ J١ J٣
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،? ???‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 Tandem connection  ‫א‬‫א‬ J٤

 

 
 E١٦F
 
‫א‬‫א‬،??‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬?
 ?‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬??‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

- 65 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 Parallel connection   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J١ J٤

‫א‬‫א‬E ‫א‬‫א‬F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 

 
 E١٦F
 
 Series connection  ‫א‬‫א‬ J٢ J٤
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 

 
 E١٧F
 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 Pressure control valves  ‫א‬ J٥

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬(actuators)‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١F
‫א‬ E٢F
‫א‬ E٣F
‫א‬ E٤F
‫א‬‫א‬ E٥F
 
 Relief valve   ‫א‬‫א‬ J١ J٥
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٨F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬
 K

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 

 
 E١٨F
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E١٩‫א‬F،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 
 E١٩F
 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J١
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬KE٢٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬(poppet)
 

 
 
 E٢٠F
 
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٢١‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
 E٢١F
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٢
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬E٢٢F
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 
،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF
 W‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
 
 E٢٢F
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬ J٢ J٥
‫א‬‫א‬٢L١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬٢L١٠٠‫א‬
 ‫؟‬٢L٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٢F
‫א‬F‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬KR‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 E٢٢F
 
،D‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬D‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬R‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٢٣F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
 E٢٣F
 
،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 Sequence valve  ‫א‬ J٣ J٥

 K‫א‬(actuators)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K A ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KB‫א‬‫א‬
 
 Counterbalance valve  ‫א‬‫א‬ J٤ J٥
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬
 
 Cushion valve ‫א‬ J٥ J٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬،
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

K
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 
 Flow control valves  ‫א‬‫א‬ J٦
 
actuator ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 Choke and orifice  ‫א‬‫א‬ J١ J٦
b،‫א‬aE٢٤F‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 E٢٤F
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 ‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ 
   ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 
 
 Throttle valve ‫א‬‫א‬ J٢ J٦
K
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٥F
   E٢٦FK ‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 

  
 E٢٥F
 
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
 
 E٢٦F
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٣ J٦
Pressure-compensated control valve
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،EF

Flow dividing valve ‫א‬ J٤ J٦

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

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