Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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CONTENTS
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Managing OSH at workplace
• The employer can start by:
• 1st - Identifying the hazards at the
workplaces/processes.
• 2nd - Evaluate the risks for every activity being
carried out.
• 3rd- Action to control the said risks.
HAZARD RISK
RISK CONTROL
IDENTIFICATION ASSESSMENT
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OSH Act?
• OSH Act 1994 (Malaysia) Part I - Preliminary
Short title
• Act applies throughout Malaysia to the
industries.
• Nothing in this Act shall apply to work on
board ships governed by the Merchant
Shipping Ordinance 1952, the Merchant
Shipping Ordinance 1960 of Sabah or Sarawak
or the armed forces.
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OSH Act Background
• Gazetted on February 24, 1994.
• The legislation requires all employers with more
than five employees to formulate a written Safety
and Health Policy of their workplaces.
• The Act sets out the responsibilities of the
employers and employees in maintaining a safe
and healthy working environment.
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OSH Act Background
• The two main OSH Acts
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Objective Of The OSH Act
• to make further provisions for securing that
safety, health and welfare of persons at work,
for protecting others against risks to safety or
health in connection with the activities of
persons at work, to establish the National
Council for Occupational Safety and Health,
and for matters connected with it.
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Who involved under Occupational Safety and
Health Act 1994 (Act 514).?
Everyone who "work" in
• Manufacturing Sector: •Wholesale and Retail
• Mining and Quarrying; Trades;
• Construction; •Hotel and Restaurant;
• Agriculture, •Finance,
•Insurance,
• Forestry and Fishing;
•Real Estate and Business
• Utilities;
Service Sector;
• Storage and Comm. •Public Services
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Rationale for the OSHAct
Source: JKKP, 2008
Case Location
Date
5 21 Oct 2007 Caught between roller and conveyor belt Factory, Pahang
12 09 Aug 2007 Fall while installing `Nitrogen Stabilaz Regulator’ Factory, Johor
13 07 Aug 2007 Burns and fall while putting out fire Factory, Penang 13
Case Location
Date
14 30 Jul 2007 Caught between roller and belt conveyor Factory, Perlis
15 19 Jul 2007 Transformer room explosion Construction site, Johor
16 08 Jul 2007 Caught in crusher Factory, Negeri Sembilan
17 12 Jun 2007 Struck by tree Forest, Pahang
18 01 Jun 2007 Fall into mixer tank Factory, Perak
19 01 Jun 2007 Terjatuh dari tingkat 1 Construction site, Selangor
20 03 May 2007 Caught between bulldozer tyres Workshop, Negeri Sembilan
21 29 Apr 2007 Burnt to death Factory, Selangor
22 25 Apr 2007 Worker caught between objects Factory, Sarawak
23 24 Apr 2007 Fall into pit Factory, Penang
24 20 Apr 2007 Run over by motorgrader Road, Negeri Sembilan
25 19 Apr 2007 Three killed while carrying out painting work Factory, Sabah
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Rationale for the OSHAct
The most debilitating experience one can have on the job is to be
involved in, or exposed to, a work related accident or illness.
Effects:
-Psychologically stressful for the victim’s fellow workers
-Extraordinarily expensive for the victim’s employer
Congress passed the OSH Act with the following stated purpose:
“…to assure so far as possible every working man and woman in the
nation safe and healthful working conditions and to preserve our human
resources”
Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHAct), 1970.
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Rationale of OSH Act
• Uniform law was needed to help reduce the
incidence of work-related injuries, illnesses,
and deaths and the OSH Act 1970 addressed
this need.
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Obligations of the employers towards
the employees
• The employer is obligated to protect the employees
in relation to safety, health and welfare through the
following procedures:
1. To provide and maintain a safe plant and working system;
2. To put in place procedures so as to ensure safety and
health in the usage, handling, storage and transportation
of the plant and supplies;
3. To provide information, instruction, training and
supervision for new and old employees;
4. To provide and maintain a working environment that is
safe and free from health hazards; and
5. To provide the necessary amenities for the welfare of
those who are working. 22
responsibility of the employees at the
workplace
• Every employee has the responsibility to :
1. Be reasonably attentive so as to avoid injury onto
themselves as well as others while carrying out
their work activities; and
2. Co-operate with the employer and others so as to
fulfill the provision of the law.
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Right of employees!
The employees can expect to be protected
from discrimination, injury or re-designated by
the employer in cases if :
1. He/She make a report about the unsafe
conditions or work practices in the workplace;
2. He/She become a member of the safety and
health committee; and
3. He/She carry out his/her duties as a member of
the safety and health committee.
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Ideal time to form the Safety and Health
Committee at the workplace
• The employer should form the Safety and
Health Committee at the workplace when
there are 40 or more employees in the
workplace
or
• when instructed by the Director General of
DOSH.
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Functions of the Safety and Health
Committee
• The functions of the Safety and Health
Committee at the workplace are :
– To review the safety and health procedures at the
workplace;
– To investigate any complaints or other related
matters that are raised; and
– To hold regular discussions with the employer on
issues relating to safety and health at the
workplace.
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Safety n Health Officer
• An employer who is classified under the Safety
and Health Act 1994 must employ a
competent person to act as a Safety and
Health Officer.
• The Safety and Health Officer is to ensure that
the Safety and Health Act 1994 is complied
with and also instrumental in promoting a safe
and healthy working environment.
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Employer must notify the nearest DOSH office
by the quickest means available using
telephone, fax, JKKP 6 or JKKP 7 in the
unfortunate event of any accident, hazardous
incident, industrial poisoning or illness that
has happened or may happen at the
workplace.
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Penalty!
Employer who fail to ensure safety, health and
welfare of employees at the workplace shall
be guilty of an offence and shall on conviction
will be liable to a fine not exceeding
RM50,000 or to imprisonment not exceeding
two years or to both.
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OSHA Standards vs. OSHA Regulations
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Confined Space Standard
-manholes
-storage tanks
-underground vaults
-pipelines
-vats
-exhaust ducts
-boilers
-degreasers
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Confined Space Standard
-manholes -vats
-storage tanks -exhaust ducts
-underground vaults -boilers
-pipelines -degreasers
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Confined Space Standard
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DOSH
Legislations:
• Act – A product, such as a statute, decree, or enactment,
resulting from a decision by a legislative or judicial body
• Regulations –a law, rule, or other order prescribed by
authority
• Order – A direction or command delivered by a court or other
adjudicative body and entered into the record but not
necessarily included in the final judgment or verdict.
• Codes of Practice – set of written rules which explains how
people working in a particular profession should behave
• Guidelines –A statement or other indication of policy or
procedure by which to determine a course of action
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DOSH
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Eg Regulations :
• Factories and Machinery (Steam Boiler And Unfired Pressure Vessel) Regulations,
1970
• Factories and Machinery (Electric Passenger And Goods Lift) Regulations, 1970
• Factories and Machinery (Fencing Of Machinery And Safety) Regulations, 1970
• Factories and Machinery (Person-In-Charge) Regulations, 1970
• Factories and Machinery (Safety, Health And Welfare) Regulations, 1970
• Factories and Machinery (Administration) Regulations, 1970
• Factories and Machinery (Certificates Of Competency-Examinations) Regulations,
1970
• Factories and Machinery (Notification, Certificate of Fitness And Inspections)
Regulations, 1970
• Factories and Machinery (Compounding Of Offences) Rules, 1978
• Factories and Machinery (Compoundable Offences) Regulations, 1978
• Factories and Machinery (Lead) Regulations, 1984
• Factories and Machinery (Asbestos Process) Regulations, 1986
• Factories and Machinery (Building Operations And Works Of Engineering
Construction) (Safety) Regulations, 1986
• Factories and Machinery (Noise Exposure) Regulations, 1989
• Factories and Machinery (Mineral Dust) Regulations, 1989
• Factories and Machinery (Notification, Certificate of Fitness and Inspection)
(Amendment) Regulations, 2004 Factories and Machinery (Steam Boiler and Unfired
Pressure Vessel ) (Amendment) Regulations, 2005 36
Eg: Orders
• Occupational Safety and Health (Safety and Health
Officer) Order 1997
• Occupational Safety and Health (Prohibition of
Use of Substance) Order 1999
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Eg: Codes
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Eg: Guidelines
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The list of regulations under this Act are:
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OSHA’s General Industry Standards
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OSHA’s General Industry Standards
1910.21 Definitions
1910.22 General requirements
1910.23 Guarding floor and wall openings
and holes
1910.24 Fixed industrial stairs
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OSHA’s General Industry Standards
1910.35 Definitions
1910.36 General requirements
1910.37 Maintenance safeguards and
operational features for exit routes
1910.38 Emergency action plan
1910.39 Fire protection plan
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OSHA’s General Industry Standards
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OSHA’s General Industry Standards
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OSHA’s General Industry Standards
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OSHA’s General Industry Standards
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OSHA’s General Industry Standards
Fire protection
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OSHA’s General Industry Standards
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OSHA’s General Industry Standards
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OSHA’s General Industry Standards
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OSHA’s General Industry Standards
1910.211 Definitions
1910.212 General requirements for all
machines
1910.213 Woodworking machinery
requirements
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OSHA’s General Industry Standards
1910.251 Definitions
1910.253 Oxygen-fuel gas welding and cutting
1910.254 Arc welding and cutting
1910.255 Resistance welding
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OSHA’s General Industry Standards
1910.241 Definitions
1910.242 Hand and portable-powered tools
and equipment
1910.243 Guarding of portable tools and
equipment
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OSHA’s General Industry Standards
SUBPART S: Electrical
-This subpart contains standards divided into two
categories:
(1)design of electrical systems
(2)safety related work practices
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OSHA’s General Industry Standards
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Standards and Codes
STANDARD
An operational principle, criterion, or requirement– or a
combination of these.
CODE
Set of standards, rules, or regulations relating to a
specific area.
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Standards and Codes
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Thank You
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