Sep 19, 17

Whole Numbers and Basic Operations

 Value (What is the actually number)+ Order (because of the order we know 5 comes
after 4- that’s what ancient Egyptians missed)
 Value+ Order= Set theory

 Today we use Arabic number system and it includes a place value of 10

 The system we use to tell time based on Mayan system. It is based of a place value of 60
(1 hour=60 mins). It is based on the number 6

 Value(quantity) of a number and the order is the most important. These are called set
theory. {1,2,3,4…10,11}

 Whole numbers are {0,1,2,3,4…}. It starts at 0 and does not include fractions. These are
also called natural numbers. For whole numbers you can only have positive values.

 Decimals, fractions, natural numbers, integer are all in “real” number system.

 <, >, are called “inequalities” and = equal (same)

 Greater than, less than

 When you are showing numbers back and forth on the number line you say less than
and greater then

Place Value System

 Base 10 system, so everything starts at a value of 10.

 Exponent {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}, ayrica sayilarin ussu anlamina gelir.

 Place value chart= ones, tens, hundreds,thousands, ten-thousands, hundred-thousands,

millions, millions, ten-millions, hundred-millions, billions, ten-billions, hundred-billions…
 The blocks could be called hundreds block, thousands block, millions block, billions
block, trillions block…
 When you are writing out numbers you don’t say “and”
 When you say “and” it represents decimal
 Four million sixty-two thousand five hundred eighty-four is written 4,062,584
 Standard form is when you are writing in blocks of three. 678,698 for example
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 The place value we will look at when we are rounding is less the first digit. For
example, when we are rounding 13,834, to nearest “hundreds”, we will round according
to nearest “tens”. So 834800
 EX/ 525,453 round to the nearest the-thousands 530,000

Infinite Hotel Exercise-

 ∞+1=∞ So we move the order of guests in the hotel. The guest in the room 1 moves to
Rom 2, and the guest in room 2 moves to next room on the order. This can be repeated
for infinite numbers.
 Euclid- Infinite quantity of prime numbers (Exponents)
 6,7 etc. is are not an exponent of any prime number

Adding
 You need 2 values. The total of value increases.
 We can subtract negative values only by integers

Subtraction

Multiplication (Scaling)
 Multiplicand x Multiplier = Equation (?) Scaling 8 with 8
 Multiple or scale by the factor of 0

Division
 For comparison
 Division by zero is not allowed. Is not allowed, 0/7 yes 7/0 no
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Remainder= Bolme yaparken kalan sayi  7077/34=208 R(emainder)=5

Word Problems
 Some key words and phrases
 The sum of= +
 The difference between/ exceeded by= -
 Product of= x
 The quotient of= /

Exponential Notation and Order of Operations

 3.3.3.3.3

 Exponent is shortening. It is efficient for multiplication. Exponent/power

 If exponent is 2 it is squared,
 If it is 3 it is cubed,
 If 4 it is forth power

 -(3)sq = -1. 3sq= -9

Integers
 {…-2,-1,0,1,2…}

Absolute Value
 Absolute value of zero will remain 0.
 -|-4|= -4 because  -1.|-4|= -1.4= -4

Order of Operations Agreement

Brackets
Exponents
Division or
Multiplication
Addition or
Subtraction
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Root (Kök) Ic/dis ussu

Fractions
 Numerator (Compared to the denominator) / Denominator (Defines the fraction)
 Fraction describes relationship of two quantities
 # parts we have / # of parts to make a whole
 Comparison
 Proper Fraction= Fraction that is less than one. EX: ¾
 Mixed Number= Fraction that is more than one. EX: 1 ¾
 Improper Fraction= EX: 13/5
 Simplest, lowest term or reduced notation= sadelestirilmis hali
 Common multiples= prime factors (20= 2.2.5)

Least Common Multiple ( E.K.O.K – L C M )

 The least common multiple (LCM-EKOK) is the smallest common multiple of two or
more numbers. En küçük ortak kat.
 Prime Numbers= {2,3,5,7,11…}
 Composite Numbers=(4,6,8,10…} opposite of prime numbers
 Factors= Bölenleri (Multiples)
 Even numbers= Ends with 0,2,4,6,8
 Odd Numbers= Ends with 1,3,5,7,9

Fractions
 Reciprocal of a fraction is the fraction with the numerator and denominator
interchanged.
 Reciprocal of 2 is ½ (you flip)
 “Divided by” means the same as “times the reciprocal of”.
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Decimals
 To write pure decimals in words, write the decimal part of the number as though it were
a whole number, and then name the place value of the last digit.
 You have to first read it as whole numbers
 * marked distinction could be on test

0.9684  nine hundred thirty eight thousandths

372.516  Three hundred seventy-two AND five hundred sixteen THOUSANDTHS (this tells us
where the last digit has to land)

91.008  ninety-one AND eight THOUSANDTHS

*628.50000  Six hundred twenty eight and fifty thousand HUNDRED THOUSANDTHS

*12.00005  Twelve and five hundred-thousandths

 When rounding there is no oneths so you start at tenths.

More examples

0.035800  Thirty-five thousand eight hundred millionths

8.8000  Eight and eight thousand ten-thousandths

Percent
 Probability- Percent of something happening

 0,55555….  repeating decimal

 100 make a whole

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Translating Algebraically
 Exceeded by= subtraction
 Quotient of, ratio/proportion of= division
 Product of= multiplication
 Variable represent some sort of quantity of unknown value
 Transposing= 2n+3=17 3 diger tarafa – olarak gecer

First Degree Equations

 First is 1 and degree is the highest exponent of the variable. So the variable has to have
exponent to 1.
 X1+8 not X2+8 is not. It is second degree