1. Pesigan v, Angeles, 129 SCRA 174, April 30, 1984
2. People v. Veridiano, 132 SCRA 523, October 12, 1984 3. Tañada v. Tuvera, 136 SCRA 27 , April 24, 1985 4. MRCA v. Court of Appeals, 180 SCRA 344 , December 19, 1989 5. Yaokasin v. Commissioner, 180 SCRA 591 , December 22, 1989 6. Commissioner of Customs v. Hypermix Feeds, G.R. No. 179579, February 1, 2012 7. Nagkakaisang Maralita v. Military Shrine Services, G. R. No. 187587, June 05, 2013 8. Kasilag v. Rodriques, 69 Phil 217 , 9. Puzon v. Abellera, 169 SCRA 789 , January 31, 1989 10. Acosta v. Plan, 169 SCRA 591 , January 30, 1989 11. BPI v. IAC 164 SCRA 630 , August 19, 1988 12. Spouses Dacudao v. Gonzales, G.R. No. 188056, January 8, 2013 13. Guingona v. Carague,. 196 SCRA 221 , April 22, 1991 14. Martinez v. Van Buskirk, 18 Phil. 79 , December 27, 1910 15. Armigos v. Ca 179, SCRA 1 , November 6, 1989 16. Namarco v. Teczon, 29 SCRA 70 , August 27, 1969 17. Barreto-Gonzales v. Gonzales, 58 Phil. 67 , March 7, 1933 18. Tenchavez v. Escaño, 15 SCRA 355 , November, 29, 1965 19. Van Dorn v. Romillo, 139 SCRA 139 October 8, 1985 20. Pilapil v. Ibay-Somera, 174 SCRA 653 June 30, 1989 21. People v. Ritter, 194 SCRA 690 March 5, 1991 22. Ardientev. SpousesPastorfide, G.R. No. 161921, July 17, 2013 23. Roe v. Wade (US) January 22, 1973 24. Geluz v. CA, . 2 SCRA 801 July 20, 1961 25. Quimiging v. Icao, 34 SCRA 13 , July 31, 1970 26. De Jesus v. Syquia, 58 Phil. 863 November 28, 1933 27. Limjoco v. Intestate Estate of Pio Fragante, 80 Phil. 776 April 27, 1948 28. Dumlao v. Quality Plastics, 70 SCRA 472 April 30, 1976 29. Eugenio, Sr. v. Velez, 185 SCRA 425 May 17, 1990 30. Joaquin v. Navarro, 93 Phil. 257 May 29, 1953 31. Smith Bell v. Natividad, 40 Phil. 136 September 17, 1919 32. Barlin v. Ramirez, 7 Phil. 41 November 24, 1906 33. Standard Oil Co. v. Arenas, 19 Phil. 363 July 25, 1911 34. Mercado v. Espiritu, 37 Phil. 215 December 1, 1917 35. Young v. Tecson, 39 O.G. 953 36. Bambalan v. Maramba, 51 Phil. 417 January 30, 1928 37. Sia Suan & Gaw Chiao v. Alcantara, 85 Phil. 669 March 4, 1950 38. De Braganza v. De Villa- Abrille, 105 Phil 456 April 13, 1959 39. US v. Vaguillar, 27 Phil. 88 March 13, 1914 40. People v. Rafanan, 204 SCRA 65 November 21, 1991 41. Abella v. COMELEC, 201 SCRA 253 September 3, 1991 42. Cabague v. Auxillo, 92 Phil. 294 November 26, 1952 43. Domalagan v. Bolifer, 33 Phil. 471 February 8, 1916 44. Hermosisima v CA 109 Phil 629 45. Wassmer v. Velez, 12 SCRA 648 December 26, 1964 46. Estremos v. Ephan, (CA) 83 OG 4022 No. 35 47. Tanjanco v. CA, 18 SCRA 994 December 17, 1966 48. Baksh v. CA, G.R. 97326 Feb. 19, 1993 49. Panganiban v. Borromeo, 58 Phil. 367 September 9, 1933 50. In re Santiago, 70 Phil. 66 June 21, 1940 51. Selanova v. Mendoza, 64 SCRA 69 May 19, 1975 52. Lichauco-De Leon v. CA, 186 SCRA 345, June 6, 1990 53. Pugeda v. Trias, 4 SCRA 849 54. Sison v. Te Jay Li (CA) 48 OG No. 9 55. Villar v. Paraiso, 96 Phil 659 March 14, 1955 56. Aranes v. Occiano, 380 SCRA 402,April 11, 2002 57. Martinez v. Tan, 12 Phil. 731 February 5, 1909 58. Madridejo v. Deleon, 55 Phil. 1 October 6, 1930 59. Macuav.Avenido, G.R. No. 173540, January 22, 2014 60. Abbas v. Abbas, G.R. No. 183896, January 30, 2013 61. Borja-Manzano v. Sanchez, 354 SCRA 1, March 8, 2001 62. Ninal v. Bayadog, 328 SCRA 122, March 14, 2000 63. Republic v. Albios, G.R. No. 198780, October 16, 2013 64. Perido v. Perido, 63 SCRA 97 65. Fiel v. Banawa, 76 O.G. 4 619 66. People v. Mendoza, 95 Phil. 645 September 28, 1954 67. People v. Aragon, 100 Phil. 1033 February 28, 1957 68. Tolentino v. Paras, 122 SCRA 525 May 30, 1983 69. Wiegel v. Sempio-Dy, 143 SCRA 499 August 19, 1986 70. Donato v. Luna, 160 SCRA 441 April 15, 1988 71. Terre v. Terre, 211 SCRA 6 July 3, 1992 72. Republic v. Granada, G.R. No. 187512 June 13, 2012 73. Republic v.Cantor, G.R. No. 184621, December 10, 2013 74. Jones v. Hortiguela, 64 Phil. 179 March 6, 1937 75. In re Szatrow, 49 OG 243 76. Republic v. CA and Molina, 240 SCRA 198, February 13, 1997 77. Choa v.Choa, 392 SCRA 641,November 26, 2002 78. Barcelona v.Court of Appeals and Tadeo R. Bengzon, September 24, 2003 79. Republic v. Quintero-Hamano, 428 SCRA 735, May 20, 2004 80. Republic v. Encelan, G.R. No. 170022 January 9, 2013 81. Yaptinchay v. Torres, 28 SCRA 489 June 9, 1969 82. Fujiki v. Marinay, G.R. No. 196049, June 26, 2013 83. Garcia-Quiazon v. Belen, G.R. No. 189121 July 31, 2013 84. Republic v. Olaybar , G.R. No. 189538 February 10, 2014 85. Morigo v. People, 422 SCRA 376, February 6, 2004 86. Tenebro, v. Court of Appeals, 423 SCRA 272,February 18, 2004 87. Capili v. People, G.R. No. 183805 July 3, 2013 88. People v. Odtuhan, G.R. No. 191566, July 17, 2013 89. Go-Bangayan v. Bangayan, 90. Jocson v. Robles, 22 SCRA 521 February 10, 1968 91. Tolentino v. Villanueva, 56 SCRA 1 March 15, 1974 92. Buccat v. Buccat, 72 Phil. 19 93. Aquino v. Delizo, 109 Phil. 19. 94. Anaya v. Palaroan, 36 SCRA 97 95. Ruiz v. Atienza, (CA) 40 OG 1903 96. People v. Santiago, supra*It says supra but not mentioned anywhere else in the syllabus 97. Sarao v. Guevara, (CA) 40 OG 1stsupp. 263 98. Jimenez v. Canizares, 109 Phil. 273 August 31, 1960 99. Lukban v. Republic, 98 Phil 574 February 29, 1956 100. Gue v. Republic, 107 Phil. 381 March 24, 1960 101. People v. Masinsin, (CA) 49 OG 3909 102. Benedicto v. Dela Rama 3 Phil. 34 103. Alano v. Gapusan 71 SCRA 26 104. In re Atty. Rufillo Bucena 72 SCRA 14 105. Garcia-Recio v. Garcia, 366 SCRA 437,October 2, 2001 106. Goitia v. Campos – Rueda, 35 Phil. 242 107. People v. Zapanta, 88 Phil. 688 108. Gandionco v. Penaranda, 155 SCRA 725 109. Munoz v Barrios, (CA) 51 OG 5247 110. Contreras v. Macaraig, 33 SCRA 222 May 29, 1970 111. Lapuz v. Eufemio, 43 SCRA 177 January 31, 1972 112. Matubis v. Praxedes, 109 Phil. 709 October 25, 1960 113. Bugayong v. Ginez, 100 Phil 616 December 28, 1956 114. Yangco v. Rohde, 1 Phil. 404 October 13, 1902 115. De la Viña v. Villareal, 41 Phil. 13 July 31, 1920 116. Araneta v. Concepcion, 99 Phil. 709 July 31, 1956 117. Somosa-Ramos v. Vamenta, 46 SCRA 110 July 29, 1972 118. Lerma v. CA., 61 SCRA 440 December 20, 1974 119. People v. Sansano, 58 Phil. 73 120. People v. Schneckenberger, 73 Phil. 413 November 10, 1941 122. Brown v. Yambao, 102 Phil. 168 October 18, 1957 123. Ocampo v. Florenciano, 107 Phil. 35 February 23, 1960 124. Matute v. Macadaeg, 99 Phil. 340 May 30, 1956 125. Laperal v. Republic, 6 SCRA 357 126. Atilano v. Chua Ching Beng, 103 Phil. 255 March 29, 1958 127. Arroyo v. Vasquez de Arroyo, 42 Phil. 54 August 11, 1921 128. Ramirez-Cuaderno v. Cuaderno, 12 SCRA 505 November 28, 1964 130. Matabuena v. Cervantes 38 SCRA 284 131. Spouses Abrenica v. Law Firm of Abrenica, G.R. No. 180572, June 18, 2012 132. Delizo v. Delizo, 69 SCRA 216 133. Ballados v. CA, November 19, 1990 134. Jocson v. CA, 170 SCRA 333 February 16, 1989 135. Ansaldo v. Sheriff, 64 Phil. 115 136. Castro v. Miat, 397 SCRA 271, February 11, 2003 137. PNB v. Quintos, 46 Phil. 370 138. Laperal v. Katigbak 10 SCRA 493 139. Barciles v. GSIS, 128 SCRA 53 140. Veloso v. Martinez, 28 Phil. 255 141. Plata v. Yatco 12 SCRA 716 142. Lim v. Garcia, 7 Phil. 320 143. Manotok Realty v. CA, 149 SCRA 372 144. Palanca v. Smith-Bell, 9 Phil. 131 145. Lim Quenco v. Cartagene, 71 Phil. 163 146. Torela v. Torela, 93 SCRA 391 147. PNB v. CA, 158 SCRA 435 148. Magallon v. Montejo, 146 SCRA 252 149. Cuenca v. Cuenca, 168 SCRA 335 150. Dela Pena v. Avila. G.R. No. 187490, February 8, 2012 151. Andrade v. Tan, G.R. No. 171904 and 172017 August 7, 2013 152. Zulueta v. Pan AM, SCRA 1 153. Mendoza v. Reyes, 124 SCRA 154 (1988) 154. Castillo v. Pasco, 11 SCRA 102 155. Calimlim v. Fortun 129 SCRA 675 (1984) 156. Maramba v. Lozano, 20 SCRA 474 157. Javier v. Osmena, 34 Phil. 336 158. Vda. De Sta. Romana v. PCIB, 118 SCRA 330 159. DBP v. Adil, 161 SCRA 307 (1988) 160. Luzon Surety v. de Garcia, 30 SCRA 111 (1969) 161. BA Finance v. CA 161 SCRA 608 162. Carlos v. Abelardo, 380 SCRA 361,April 9, 2002 163. People v. Lagrimas, 29 SCRA 153 164. Ysasi v. Fernandez 23 SCRA 1079 165. Felipe v. Heirs of Aldon, 120 SCRA 628 166.Aguilar-Reyes v. Mijares 410 SCRA97, August 28, 2003 167. De la Cruz v. De La Cruz, 22 SCRA 333 168. Beumer v. Amores, G.R. No. 195670 Dec 3, 2012 169. Santero v. CFI, 153 SCRA 728 170. Garcia v. Manzano, 103 Phil. 798 171. Lacson v. San Jose-Lacson, 24 SCRA 837 172. Maxey v. CA, 129 SCRA 187 of NCC 144 173. Salas, Jr. v. Aguila, 174. Juaniza v. Jose, 89 SCRA 306 175. Gomez v. Lipana, 33 SCRA 615 176. Vda. De Consuegra v. GSIS, 37 SCRA 315 177. Yap v. CA, 145 SCRA 229 178. Carino v. Carino, 351 SCRA 127, February 2, 2001 179. Go-Bangayan v. Bangayan, G.R. No. 201061 July 3, 2013 180. Ventura, Jr. v. Spouses Abuda, G.R. No. 202932, October 23, 2013 181. Alavado, City of Tacloban, 139 SCRA 230 182. Arroyo v. CA, 203 SCRA 753 183. Gayon v. Gayon, SCRA 104 184. Wainwright v. Versoza, 26 SCRA 78 185. Heirs of Favis Sr. v. Gonzales, G.R. No. 185922 January 15, 2014 186. Modequilio v. Breva, 185 SCRA 766 187. Siari Valley v. Lucasan, 109 Phil 294 188. Spouses De Mesa v. Acero, Jr. G.R. No. 185064, January 16, 2012 189. Perido v. Perido, 63 SCRA 97 190. De la Purrta v. CA, 161 SCRA 661 191. Tan v. Trocio, 191 SCRA 764 192. Moore v. Republic, 8 SCRA 282 193. Naldoza, Republic, 112 SCRA 658 194. Mangulabnan v. IAC, 185 SCRA 760 195. Osmena de Valencia v. Rodriguez, 84 Phil. 222 196. Andal v. Macaraig, 69 Phil 165 197. Macadangdang v. CA, 100 SCRA 73 198. Tan v. Trocio, 191 SCRA 764 199. Jao v. CA, 152 SCRA 359 200. Amurao v. CA, 168 734 201. Chua Keng Giap v. PAC, 18 SCRA 18 202. Lim v. IAC, 166 SCRA 451 203. Liyao, Jr. v. Tanhoti-Liyao, 378 SCRA 563, March 7, 2002 204. Gotardo v. Buling, G.R. No. 165166, August 15, 2012 205. Perla v. Baring, GR No. 172471, Nov. 12, 2012 206. Reyes v. CA, 135 SCRA 439 207. Castro v. CA, 173 SCRA 658 208. Mendoza v. IAC, 152 SCRA 445 209. Ramos v. Ramos, 61 SCRA 284 210. Lim v. CA, 65 SCRA 160 211. Ranas v. Ranas, 64 SCRA 260 212. Mendoza v. CA, . September. 24. 1991 213. Vda de Alberto v. CA, 173 SCRA 436 214. Baluyot v. Baluyot, 166 SCRA 606 215. Paterno v. Paterno, 186 SCRA 630 216. Gapusan v. CA, 185 SCRA 160 217. People v. Rafanan, 182 SCRA 811 218. People v. Rizo, 189 SCRA 265 219. Demsey v. RTC, 164 SCRA 364 220. People v. Barranco, 177 SCRA 103 221. Lazatin v. Campos, 92 SCRA 250 222. Cervantes v. Fajardo, 169 SCRA 575 223. Republic v. Court of Appeals, 255 SCRA 99, March 15, 1996 224. Republic v. CA & Bobiles, January. 24, 1992 225. In re: Petition for Adoption of LIM, G.R. Nos. 168992-93, May 21, 2009 226. Santos v. Aransanzo, 16 SCRA 344 227. Daoang v. Municipal Judge, 159 SCRA 369 228. Nieto v. Magat, 136 SCRA 533 229. Duncan v. CFI, 69 SCRA 298 230. Cang v. Court of Appeals, 296 SCRA 128, September 25, 1998 231. Bobanovic v. Moniks, 142 SCRA 485 232. Pardo de Tavera v. Cacdac, 167 SCRA 686 233. In re Adoption of Edwin Villa, 21 SCRA 399 234. In Re: Habeas Corpus of Angelie Cervantes, 1169 SCRA 579 235. Pelayo v. Lauron, 12 Phil 453 236. Sanchez v. Zulueta, 68 Phil. 110 237. Reyes v. Ines-Luciano, 88 SCRA 803 239. Canonizado v. 127SCRA 610 240. Hontiveros v. IAC, 132 SCRA 745 241. Unson v. Navarro, 101 SCRA 183 242. Exconde v. Capuno, 101 PHIL. 843 243. Palisoc v. Brillantes, 41 SCRA 548 244. Amadora v. CA, 160 SCRA, 315 245. Salvosa v. IAC, 166 SCRA 274 246. St. Mary’s Academy v. Carpitanos, 376 SCRA 473, February 6, 2002 247. Medina v. Makabali, 27 SCRA 602 248. Luna v. IAC, 167 SCRA 7 249. Linda v. CA,. 212 SCRA 725 250. Chua v. Carandang, 27 SCRA 791 251. Johnston v. Republic, 7 SCRA 1040 252. Llaneta v. Agrava, 57 SCRA 29 253. Tolentino v. CA. 162 SCRA 66 (1988) 254. Legamia v. IAC, 131 SCRA 479 255. Reyes v. Alejandro, 41 SCRA 65 256. Eastern Shipping v. Lucero, 124 SCRA 425 257. Tol-Noquera v. Villamor, 211 SCRA 616 258. Republic v. Sayo, 188 SCRA 634 259. Republic V. Valencia, 141 SCRA 462 260. Republic V. Marcos, 182 SCRA 223 261.Labayo-Rowe v. Republic 168 SCRA 294 Case Number Topic 1 1 When do Laws Take effect 2 When do Laws Take effect 3 When do Laws Take effect 4,11 When do Laws Take effect 5 When do Laws Take effect 6 When do Laws Take effect 7 When do Laws Take effect 8 Ignorance of law 9 Retroactivity 10 Retroactivity 12 Retroactivity 13 Retroactivity 14 Repeal of laws 15 Applicability of customs 16 Legal Periods 17 Legal Periods 18 Binding effect 19, 113 Binding effect 20, 114 Binding effect 21, 115 Binding effect 22 Human Relations 23 Human Relations 24 Natural Persons 25 Natural Persons 26 Natural Persons 27 Natural Persons 28 Natural Persons 29 Natural Persons 30, 277 Natural Persons 31 Natural Persons 32 Juridical Person 33 Juridical Person 34, 41 Presumption of capacity 35 Restriction on capacity 36 Restriction on capacity 37 Restriction on capacity 38 Restriction on capacity 39 Restriction on capacity 40 Insanity 42 Insanity 43, 144 Domicile and residence 44 Breach of Promise to Marry 45 Breach of Promise to Marry 46 Breach of Promise to Marry 47 Breach of Promise to Marry 48 Breach of Promise to Marry 49 Breach of Promise to Marry 50 Breach of Promise to Marry 51 Not subject to stipulation 52 Not subject to stipulation 53 Not subject to stipulation 54 Not subject to stipulation 55 Requisites 56, 99 Legal Capacity 57 Authority of solemnizing officer 58 Authority of solemnizing officer 59 Form 60 Marriage Certificate 61 Marriage Certificate 62 Marriage License 63 Marriage License 64 Marriage License 65 Marriage License 66 Presumption of Marriage 67 Presumption of Marriage 68 Void Marriages 69 Void Marriages 70 Void Marriages 71, 87 Void Marriages 72 Void Marriages 73, 88 Void Marriages 74 Void Marriages 75 Void Marriages 76, 106 Subsequent marriages upon reappearance of absent spouse 77 Subsequent marriages upon reappearance of absent spouse 78 Psychological incapacity 79 Psychological incapacity 80 Psychological incapacity 81 Psychological incapacity 82 Psychological incapacity 83 Effect of nullity 84 Who can invoke nullity 85 Who can invoke nullity 86 Procedure in declaration of nullity 89 Requisite for valid remarriage 90 Requisite for valid remarriage 91 Requisite for valid remarriage 92 Requisite for valid remarriage 93 Requisite for valid remarriage 94, 104 No confession of judgement 95, 105 No confession of judgement 96 Fraud 97 Fraud 98 Fraud 100 Force, intimidation and undue influence 101 Force, intimidation and undue influence 102 Impotence 103 Impotence 107 Marriage when one spouse is absent 108 Marriage when one spouse is absent 109 Illegal Marriage 110 Concept and historical background 111 Agreement to separate 112 Agreement to separate 116 Divorce decreed abroad 117, 141 Sexual infedelity or perversion 118 Sexual infedelity or perversion 119 Sexual infedelity or perversion 120 Attempt to the life of other spouse 121 When may petition be filed 122 When may petition be filed 123, 130 When may petition be filed 124, 133 When may petition be filed 125 Support and custody pendente lite 126 Cooling-off period 127 Cooling-off period 128 Cooling-off period 129, 256 Cooling-off period 131 Defenses, consent 132 Defenses, consent 134, 135, 137 Defenses, recrimination 136 Defenses, collusion 138 Custody of children 139 Use of surname 140 Obligation to live together 142 Obligation to live together 143 Obligation to live together 145 Donations in common law marriages 146 What is excluded from ACP 147 For marriages before FC 148 Conjugal partneship of gains 149 Conjugal partneship of gains 150 Conjugal partneship of gains 151 Conjugal partneship of gains 152 When CPG commences and applies 153 Brought as exclusive property 154 Brought as exclusive property 155, 158 Acquired by gratuitous title duuring marriage 156 Acquired by redemption 157 Acquired by redemption 159 By the other spouse 160 Encumbrance/disposition of exclusive property 161 Encumbrance/disposition of exclusive property 162 Presumption of CPG 163 Presumption of CPG 164 Presumption of CPG 165 Presumption of CPG 166 Presumption of CPG 167 Presumption of CPG 168 Included in CPG 169 Included in CPG 170 Property brought by installments 171 Improvements on CPG property 172 Improvements on CPG property 173 Charges upon obligations with consent 174 Charges upon obligations with consent 175 Charges upon obligations with consent 176 Charges upon obligations without consent 177 Charges upon obligations without consent 178 Charges upon obligations without consent 179 Personal debts 180 Joint administration 181 Disposition and encumbrence 182 Disposition and encumbrence 183 Effect of abandonment 184 Termination due to death 185 Support during CPG liquidation 186 For sufficient cause 187 Voluntary separation of property 188 Unions under FC 147 189 Unions under FC 147 190 Unions under FC 148 191 Unions under FC 148 192 Unions under FC 148 193 Unions under FC 148 194 Unions under FC 148 195 Unions under FC 148 196 Unions under FC 148 197 What governs family relations 198 What governs family relations 199 Family relations FC 200 Family relations FC 201 Family relations FC 202 Family homes exeptions 203 Family homes exeptions 204 Family homes exeptions 205 Legitimate children 206 Legitimate children 207 Legitimate children 208 Rights of legitimate 209, 269 Rights of legitimate 210 Illegitimate children 211 Illegitimate children 212 Physical impossibility of access 213 Physical impossibility of access 214 Physical impossibility of access 215 Biological or other scientific grounds 216 Biological or other scientific grounds 217 Contrary declaration by mother 218 Presumptions FC 170 219 Who may impugn 220 Proof of filiation 221 Proof of filiation 222 Record of birth 223 Record of birth 224 Record of birth 225 Final judgement declaring filiation 226 Admission in a signed public document 227 Signed and handwritten private instrument 228, 236 Open and continuous possession of status 229 Of Illegitimate children 230 Of Illegitimate children 231 Of Illegitimate children 232 Compulsory recognition 233 Compulsory recognition 234 Compulsory recognition 235 Compulsory recognition 237 Compulsory recognition 238 Adoption 239, 251 Adoption 240 Adoption 241 Husband and wife jointly 242 Husband and wife jointly 243 Need for consent 244 Need for consent 245 Need for consent 246 Need for consent 247 Need for consent 248 Need for consent 249 Need for consent 250 Who may be adopted 252 Effect of adoption 253 Who are obliged to provide support 254 Who are obliged to provide support 255 Who are obliged to provide support 257 Manner and time of payment 258 Who exercises Parental Authority 259 Who exercises Parental Authority 260 Special parental authority 261 Special parental authority 262 Special parental authority 263 Special parental authority 264 Special parental authority 265 Parental authority over the children's person 266 Parental authority over the children's person 267 Parental authority over the child's property 268 Suspension of parental authority 270 Surnames NCC 364-330 271 Surnames NCC 364-330 272 Surnames NCC 364-330 273 Surnames NCC 364-330 274 Absence NCC 381-396 275 Absence NCC 381-396 276 Absence NCC 381-396 278 ROC rule 108 279 ROC rule 108 280 ROC rule 108 281 ROC rule 108 Topic 2 Topic 3
Retroactivity
Divorce decreed abroad
Divorce decreed abroad Divorce decreed abroad
Funerals, NCC 305-310
Insanity
Family domicile Force, intimidation and undue influence