SELECTED POLICE MODELS

U.S. POLICE DEPARTMENT

CITY POLICE
 City police are mainly responsible for enforcing the law in their own city.
 A small town may have a police force of only one or two officers.

COUNTY POLICE
 Also known as parishes and boroughs, county law enforcement is provided by sheriffs' departments or
offices and county police.
 The powers of a county police force extend throughout the county.

STATE POLICE
 Headed by a commissioner or superintendent.
 The State Police is basically a full service law enforcement agency. They patrol the highways but are also a
policing force for the majority of the state.

FEDERAL POLICE
 They are responsible in enforcing law within the whole country of USA including outside boarders
FBI
 Chief investigating branch of the United States Department of Justice;
 Investigates federal crimes and handles cases involving stolen money or property that has been taken from
one state to another.

NATIONAL CRIME INFORMATION CENTER (NCIC)

 A computerized information system that stores records on wanted persons and stolen property
 has been called the lifeline of law enforcement—an electronic clearinghouse of crime data that can be tapped
into by virtually every criminal justice agency nationwide, 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.
 It also assists law enforcement officers in performing their duties more safely and provides information
necessary to protect the public.

NCIC Missing Person File

The National Crime Information Center's (NCIC) Missing Person File was implemented in 1975. Records in
the Missing Person File are retained indefinitely, until the individual is located, or the record is canceled by
the entering agency. The Missing Person File contains records for individuals reported missing who:
 have a proven physical or mental disability (Disability - EMD)
 are missing under circumstances indicating that they may be in physical danger (Endangered - EME)
 are missing after a catastrophe (Catastrophe Victim - EMV)
 are missing under circumstances indicating their disappearance may not have been voluntary (Involuntary -
EMI)
 are under the age of 21 and do not meet the above criteria (Juvenile - EMJ)
 are 21 and older and do not meet any of the above criteria but for whom there is a reasonable concern for
their safety (Other - EMO)
NCIC Unidentified Person File
NCIC's Unidentified Person File came online in 1983. Records are retained indefinitely, unless
removed by the entering agency. The Unidentified Person File contains records of:
 unidentified deceased persons (Deceased - EUD)
 persons of any age who are living and unable to determine their identity (Living - EUL)
 unidentified catastrophe victims (Catastrophe Victim - EUV)

NCIC Files
The NCIC database includes 21 files (seven property files and 14 person files).
1. Article File: Records on stolen articles and lost public safety, homeland security, and critical infrastructure
identification.
2. Gun File: Records on stolen, lost, and recovered weapons and weapons used in the commission of crimes that
are designated to expel a projectile by air, carbon dioxide, or explosive action.
3. Boat File: Records on stolen boats.
4. Securities File: Records on serially numbered stolen, embezzled, used for ransom, or counterfeit securities.
 5. Vehicle File: Records on stolen vehicles, vehicles involved in the commission of crimes, or vehicles that may be
seized based on federally issued court order.
6. Vehicle and Boat Parts File: Records on serially numbered stolen vehicle or boat parts.
7. License Plate File: Records on stolen license plates.
8. Missing Persons File: Records on individuals, including children, who have been reported missing to law
enforcement and there is a reasonable concern for their safety.
9. Foreign Fugitive File: Records on persons wanted by another country for a crime that would be a felony if it
were committed in the United States.
10. Identity Theft File: Records containing descriptive and other information that law enforcement personnel can
use to determine if an individual is a victim of identity theft of if the individual might be using a false identity.
11. Immigration Violator File: Records on criminal aliens whom immigration authorities have deported and aliens
with outstanding administrative warrants of removal.
12. Protection Order File: Records on individuals against whom protection orders have been issued.
13. Supervised Release File: Records on individuals on probation, parole, or supervised release or released on
their own recognizance or during pre-trial sentencing.
14. Unidentified Persons File: Records on unidentified deceased persons, living persons who are unable to verify
their identities, unidentified victims of catastrophes, and recovered body parts. The file cross-references
unidentified bodies against records in the Missing Persons File.
15. Protective Interest: Records on individuals who might pose a threat to the physical safety of protectees or their
immediate familites. Expands on the the U.S. Secret Service Protective File, originally created in 1983.
16. Gang File: Records on violent gangs and their members.
17. Known or Appropriately Suspected Terrorist File: Records on known or appropriately suspected terrorists in
accordance with HSPD-6.
18. Wanted Persons File: Records on individuals (including juveniles who will be tried as adults) for whom a
federal warrant or a felony or misdemeanor warrant is outstanding.
19. National Sex Offender Registry File: Records on individuals who are required to register in a jurisdiction’s sex
offender registry.
20. National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) Denied Transaction File: Records on
individuals who have been determined to be “prohibited persons” according to the Brady Handgun Violence
Prevention Act and were denied as a result of a NICS background check. (As of August 2012, records include
last six months of denied transactions; in the future, records will include all denials.)
21. Violent Person File: Once fully populated with data from our users, this file will contain records of persons with
a violent criminal history and persons who have previously threatened law enforcement.

OTHER FEDERAL AGENCIES

1. Secret Service
 Protecting all living current and former U.S. president and their families
2. Bureau Of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, And Explosives
 Assist in controlling the sale of untaxed liquor and cigarettes, illegal firearms, and explosives.
3. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
 The federal agency that enforces federal drug laws.
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
 Is a U.S. citizen
 Is at least 21 years of age
 5’8” (MALE), 5’6” (FEMALE)
 Has at least 20/20 vision uncorrected; ( or 20/20 corrected by glasses)
 Is able to distinguish colors
 Is physically and mentally healthy.
 Applicants who have served in the military must have been honorably discharged.
 May not have been convicted of driving while intoxicated and must hold a valid license for at least three years
prior to application an have a driving record.
 Applicants should have no criminal conviction, although some misdemeanor crimes may bar applicants from
a law enforcement position.
 All applicants are expected to be free from drug use, be of good moral character, and have personal integrity.
 No applicant should have any history of criminal or improper conduct, have a poor employment record, or
have an irresponsible financial history.
 Generally, applicants should at least have a GED equivalency or a high school diploma, however, some
departments, such as that in
 Dallas, Texas, are requiring 60 or more hours of completed college coursework.

PROBATION PERIOD
  When a candidate receives an appointment to the police department, the candidate must then
successfully complete recruit training, which can last from several months to more than a year,
depending on the training requirements of the police department

JAPAN POLICE SYSTEM

National level police organizations
1. National Public Safety Commission (NPSC) – It ensures that Japan's police are an apolitical body and
free of direct central government executive control.
2. National Police Agency (NPA) - The central coordinating body for the entire police system.

Who appoints the Commissioner General?

 National Public Safety Commission with the a approval of the prime minister
Two types of police organizations during that period
1. City police
2. National police

BUREAUS OF NPA?
1. Police Administration Bureau - The Administration Bureau is concerned with police personnel,
education, welfare, training, and unit inspections
2. Criminal Investigation Bureau - It is in-charge of research statistics and the investigation of nationally
important and international cases
3. Traffic Bureau - It is concerned of the licenses drivers, enforces traffic safety laws, and regulates traffic
4. Security Bureau - It formulates and supervises the execution of security policies. It conducts research
on equipment and tactics for suppressing riots and oversaw and coordinate activities of the riot police
5. Regional Public Safety Bureau - The National Police Agency has seven regional police bureaus

TWO POLICE DEPARTMENT EXCLUDED FROM THE JURISDICTION OF RPSB?

1. Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department
2. Hokkaido Prefectural Police

KOBAN

 6It is a police post located in urban neighborhood.
 The smallest organizational unit in today's Japanese police system.
CHUZAISHO
 It is the rural equivalent of the urban Koban.
KIDOTAI (SPECIAL RIOT POLICE )
 These units were formed after riots at the Imperial Palace in 1952, to respond quickly and effectively to large
public disturbances.
 Main requirements?
 The overwhelming majority of officers are bachelors who live in dormitories within riot police
compounds.

HISTORICAL SECRET POLICE ORGANIZATION

1. Tokko (Tokubetsu koto Keisatsu) – Special Higher Police
2. Kempeitai – Military police of Imperial Japanese Army
3. Tokkeitai (Tokubetsu Kaisatsutai) – ‘Special Police Corps’ or Naval Secret Police

HONG KONG POLICE FORCE

 Hong Kong Police Force (HKPF) - is the largest disciplined service under the Security Bureau of Hong Kong.
 It is the world's second, and Asia's first, police agency to operate with a modern policing system.

THE QUALITY OF HK POLICE

 The Hong Kong Police is one of the best-trained, most highly motivated and dedicated police forces in the
world. International law enforcement bodies rank it among the most professional of its kind. It has also, to an
almost unprecedented extent in Asia, won the trust and faith of the people it was created to serve.

Their Common Function

 The Hong Kong Police Force will ensure a safe and stable society by
 1. Upholding the rule of law
2. Maintaining law and order
3. Preventing and detecting crime
4. Safeguarding and protecting life and
5. Property
6. Working in partnership with the community and other agencies
7. Striving for excellence in all that we do
8. Maintaining public confidence in the Force

Their Values :
1. Integrity and Honesty
2. Respect for the rights of members of the public and of the Force
3. Fairness, impartiality and compassion in all our dealings
4. Acceptance of responsibility and accountability
5. Professionalism
6. Dedication to quality service and continuous improvement
7. Responsiveness to change
8. Effective communication both within and out with the Force

Hong Kong Auxiliary Police Force (HKAPF)

was originally formed in 1914 as a reserve to assist in times of natural disaster or civil
emergency. The role of the Auxiliary Police has changed over time to keep pace with the
changing environment. It is now a trained manpower reserve in support of the regular Force and
is deployed in accordance with prevailing operational priorities as determined by the
Commissioner of Police.
Commissioner of Police
 This is the top most rank of police and the commissioner heads the entire police force of Hong Kong.
The officials at this rank are required to directly report to the Security Secretary of the country.
Deputy Commissioner of Police
 A Deputy Commissioner is an administrative police officer who is required to assist the commissioner of
police and perform the administrative tasks pertaining to the police.

5 Departments of Force Headquarters

1. Operations
2. Crime and Security
3. Personnel and Training
4. Management Services
5. Finance, Administration and Planning.
Six Region of Force
1. Hong Kong Island
2. Kowloon East,
3. Kowloon West
4. New Territories North
5. New Territories South
6. Marine.

The Regions are largely autonomous in their day-to-day operation and management matters, and each has
its own headquarters which comprises administration and operations wings, and traffic and criminal
investigation units.

Marine Police
 The Marine Police is also responsible for maintaining law and order within Hong Kong waters,
including interdicting illegal immigration and cracking down on s muggling activities, conducting
search and rescue operations, and engaging the seafaring community to further sea -safety.
 The Marine Police also assists the Director of Marine in conducting security audits for the 35
International Shipping and Port Security (ISPS) facilities to effectively respond to terrorism or major
maritime incidents.
Operations: Force operational matters are co-ordinated by the Operations Department, which comprises
Operations Wing, Support Wing and six Regions.

Police Tactical Unit (PTU)

 It provides an immediate manpower reserve for use in any emergency. PTU companies are attached
to all land Regions and are available for internal security, crowd safety management, anti -crime
operations and disaster response duties throughout Hong Ko ng.
 PTU also provides up-to-date instruction and training in internal security and crowd safety
management techniques for a wide cross-section of the Force.
Anti-Illegal Immigration Control Centre
 Responsible for collecting intelligence and monitoring operations in respect of illegal immigrants
mainly from the Mainland, Vietnam and South Asian countries.

CHINA POLICE SYSTEM

(People’s Police)
PUBLIC SECURITY POLICE
 The largest and most visible component of the Chinese Police that performs a wide range of ordinary police
functions.
JUDICIAL PROCURATORATES POLICE
 They escort suspects in cases investigated by the procuratorates

JUDICIAL PEOPLE COURT POLICE

 They maintain security and order in the various courts and also may carryout death sentence.

TO BECOME A POLICE OFFICER, A CANDIDATE MUST HAVE THE FOLLOWING:

1. At least 18 years of age but not more than 25 years old.
o As a preferential treatment for candidates from ethnic minority groups, the regulation extends
the maximum age limit to 30
2. Must support the constitution
3. Must be of Good moral character
4. Be in good health
5. Education level no less than high school graduate
6. Be willing to serve as a police officer
7. No criminal records and must not have been expelled from public Employment

AGE FOR RECRUITMENT AND RETIREMENT

 Some entered policing as early as 12 years of age but the recruitment age is now around 16 years.
 Retirement is at least 30 years in service

SINGAPORE POLICE SYSTEM

 Is the Republic's main police agency tasked with maintaining law and order in the island city-state.
 Formerly known as theRepublic of Singapore Police (RSP; Malay:Polis Repablik Singapura)
 Singapore has been ranked consistently in the top five positions in the Global Competitiveness Report in
terms of its reliability of police services.

POLICE TASK FORCE (PTF)

 It is an effective ground response force to serious incidents such as major disasters, firearm situations and
riots.
 They are called upon to restore public order in times of riots and demonstrations.

SPECIAL TACTICS AND RESCUE (STAR) UNIT

 The STAR Unit provides the Singapore Police Force with a tactical armed-response capability.
 Besides dealing with highly dangerous criminals, STAR is also involved in risky protective security operations
and prisoner escort.

POLICE K-9 UNIT (PDU)

 The Police K-9 Unit has dogs trained specifically for explosive detection, drug detection, guard duties and anti-
crime operations.
PRISON POLICE
 It is responsible for supervision of convicted offenders in prison.

Entry Requirements
Basic entry requirements for police officers include:
 Normal fitness levels
 Good eyesight
 And at least five passes in the GCE Ordinary level or a NITEC from the Institute of Technical Education,
although those with lower qualifications may still be considered.

Those joining the senior police officers require a basic degree from a recognized university.

TRAINING

Alternatively, police officers from the junior ranks may also be considered for promotion into the senior ranks. Officers
serving in the force as national servicemen are also regularly considered for absorption into the regular scheme. Basic
training for all officers are conducted at the Home Team Academy, under the purview of the Police Training Command.
It takes about six months and nine months to train a new police officer and senior police officer respectively.

SWITZERLAND POLICING SYSTEM

QUALIFICATIONS
 All police departments require atleast a high school diploma or equivalent education from their officers. While
some hire graduates right out of high school, many require potential officers to be at least 21 years old.
Retirement is 65 years of age

INDIAN POLICE SERVICE

QUALIFICATIONS
1. You have a degree certificate
2. At least 21 years old.
3. You must be physically fit.
4. Male (165 cm) Female
5. (150cm)
6. You must pass the 3 stage pattern CSAT, preliminary exam, Exam/Board main exam.