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Section A
Diagram 1
(a). Determine and fill the position of P and T in the Periodic Table of
Elements given below.[2M]
Q R
S U
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(c) Name the products formed when S reacts with water.[2M]
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2. Diagram 2 shows the electrolysis of 1.0 mol dm-3 sodium chloride solution
which is still in progress.
Diagram 2
Paper 2 MRSM 2007
(a) Write the formulae of all ions present in the electrolyte. [1M]
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(d) (i) Write the half-equation for the process that occurs in burette X. [1M]
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(ii) At the end of the experiment, 30.00 cm-3 of gas was collected at room
temperature in burette X.
Calculate the number of moles of gas collected in burette X.
[1 mol of gas occupies a volume of 24.0 dm3 at room temperature]
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(e) Name a substance that can be used to replace carbon electrodes for the
experiment to get the same result? [1M]
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(f) State one usage of the electrolysis of sodium chloride solution in industry.
[1M]
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Diagram 3
(i) Based on the observations in Diagram 3, complete the table below with
appropriate inferences.[3M]
Paper 2 MRSM 2007
Test Inference
1
[ujian]
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(iii) Calculate the maximum mass of zinc sulphate that can be prepared if
50.0 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid is reacted with excess X. [3M]
[The relative formula mass of zinc sulphate = 161]
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4. An experiment is carried out to study the effect of concentration on rate of
reaction.
50.0 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid and excess granulated calcium
carbonate is put into a conical flask and is placed on an electronic balance
as shown in Diagram 4.
The mass of the conical flask and its contents is recorded at 60 seconds
intervals.
Diagram 4
Table 4
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(b) Explain why the mass of the conical flask and its content decreases with
time. [1M]
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Paper 2 MRSM 2007
(c) Based on Table 4, plot a graph of the mass of the conical flask and its
content versus time on the graph paper below. [3M]
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(e) (i) Calculate the mass of carbon dioxide gas produced. [1M]
Diagram 5
Paper 2 MRSM 2007
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6. In an experiment to study the heat of neutralization, 25.0 cm3 of a 1.0
mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide solution was added to 25.0 cm-3 of a 1.0 mol dm-3
aqueous hydrochloric acid. The mixture was then stirred and the maximum
temperature was recorded.
Diagram 6
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(b) Write an ionic equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and
sodium hydroxide. [1M]
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Paper 2 MRSM 2007
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(d) Draw the energy level diagram for the reaction.[2M]
(e) (i) The heat of neutralization obtained from the experiment is less than the
theoretical value. Give a reason. [1M]
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(ii) Suggest one step that should be taken to modify the apparatus in order to
get a more accurate result. [1M]
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Section B
7. (a) Table 7.1 shows information on the atomic structure and the relative
atomic mass of three elements: aluminium, carbon and oxygen.
Carbon 6 6 12
Oxygen 8 8 16
Aluminium 13 14 27
Table 7.1
(i) Based on Table 7.1, state the relationship between the relative atomic
mass of an element with the number of proton and neutron of its atom. [1M]
(ii) Draw the electronic arrangement diagram for an ion of oxygen. [2M]
(iii) Aluminium and carbon react with oxygen to form aluminium oxide and
carbon dioxide respectively. The reactions are represented by the following
equations.
I. 4 Al + 3O2 → 2 Al2O3
II. C + O2 → CO2
Describe how chemical bonds in aluminium oxide and carbon dioxide are
formed. [8M]
(b) Naphthalene and sodium chloride are white crystals at room temperature.
Table 7.2 shows two physical properties of the compounds.
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Compound Melting point /C Electrical conductivity
Naphthalene 80 Non electrolyte
Sodium chloride 801 Electrolyte
Table 7.2
Explain the differences in the melting points and the electrical conductivity of
naphthalene and sodium chloride.
Diagram 7
Solution pH
0.1 mol dm-3 of potassium hydroxide solution 13
0.1 mol dm-3 of aqueous ammonia 11
Table 8
Diagram 8
(ii) Glacial ethanoic acid does not conduct electricity but the aqueous solution
of ethanoic acid does. Explain why.[3M]
(iii) When zinc powder is added into an aqueous ethanoic acid, bubbles of
colourless gas are evolved.
Write a chemical equation for the reaction.[2M]
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(d). The equation below shows the reaction between hydrochloric acid and
magnesium.
Mg + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2
(e) Emission of gaseous pollutant from vehicles and industries leads to the
formation of acid rain.
Explain the effect of acid rain to the structure of buildings. [2M]
Section C
(b). Diagram 9 shows a cross section of two iron bars, P and Q which are
plated by zinc and tin layers respectively.
Diagram 9
Paper 2 MRSM 2007
Explain how zinc and tin layers in P and Q protect the iron bars from corrosion.
Determine which iron bar is more protected from corrosion.[6M]
(c) Fe2+ ion can be oxidized to Fe3+ ion while Fe3+ ion can be reduced to Fe2+ ion
as shown in the following half-equations.
Fe2+ Fe3+ + e
Fe3+ + e Fe2+
Design an experiment to show how these two changes can be carried out. Your
answer should consist of the following: [10M]
Chemicals required
Procedure of the experiment
Observation
Overall chemical equation involved in the reaction
10. Sodium stearate and sodium dodecylsulphate are cleaning agents. Their
molecular formulae are shown in Diagram 10.1.
Diagram 10.1
(a) (i) Sodium stearate dissolves in water to form ions. Write an equation to
show the ionization of sodium stearate. [1M]
(ii) Determine which of the two cleaning agents is more effective in their
cleansing action in hard water. Give reasons.[4M]
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(iii) Fat reacts with an alkali to form soap.
Describe an experiment to prepare a sample of soap. Your answer should
include: [8M]
Chemicals used
Procedure
A test to verify the soap sample that you have prepared has a
cleansing effect.
(b) Diagram 10.2 shows the arrangement of atoms of two substances, X and Y
in solid state.
Diagram 10.2