Future Human and Machine Communications

in 5G Era

Dr. Eng. Khoirul Anwar S.T., M. Eng.

Center for Advanced Wireless Technologies (AdWiTech), School of Electrical Engineering,

Telkom University, Jl. Telekomunikasi No. 1, Terusan Buah Batu, Bandung, 40257
INDONESIA.

Presented at General Lecture IT Telkom Purwokerto,

Purwokerto, 22 December 2017

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Academic Life: Satisfying Sinusoidal Wave

1 2 3

1996–2000 : B. Eng., Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB)

2000–2002 : PT. Astragraphia Information Technology, Jakarta
2002–2003 : Tokyo Institute of Technology
2003–2005 : M. Eng, Nara Inst. of Science and Tech. (NAIST)
2005–2008 : Dr. Eng., Nara Inst. of Science and Tech. (NAIST)
2008–2016 : Asst. Prof., Japan Adv. Inst. of Sci. and Tech. (JAIST)
2016–Now : Asct. Prof., School of Electrical Eng., Telkom University
1
Best Student Paper Award, IEEE RWS’06, California, USA, Jan 2006.
2
Master and PhD Thesis are used in ITU-R Standard for Satellite Communication in the world, 2011.
3
Achmad Bakrie Award 2014.
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Center for Advanced Wireless Technologies

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One of Place for Contributions

Indonesia 5G Forum
website: www.i5gf.org email: info@i5gf.org
• Established in June 2015
WG Radio and
Network • Initiatives
Technology • Research community driven

• Objectives
• Fostering Indonesian R&D cooperation in
telecommunications, and promoting
wealth creation through technology by
WG Spectrum WG New stimulating innovative ICT
and Services and
• Membership/Participations
Regulation Applications
• Academia, telco operators, industries,
developers, SMEs, research institutes,
etc.

• Activities
• Technical meetings
WG Security • Research promotions
and Privacy • Seminar and workshops
• Collaboration with other fora

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Our Structure

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5G Activities in Indonesia

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Areas of Working Groups

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Roadmap Indonesia 5G Forum

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Indonesia 5G Channel Models per Islands

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Recent 5G Activities (1/3)

Delegation of Indonesia 5G at 5G Global Forum, Tokyo, Japan,

May 2017.
Delegation of Indonesia at Asia Pacific Telecommunity Wireless
Group (AWG), Bangkok, Thailand, April 2017.
Chairman of AWG Service and Applications, Bangkok, Thailand,
April 2017.
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Recent 5G Activities (2/3)

Delegation of Indonesia and Chairman at Asia Pacific

Telecommunity Wireless Group (AWG), Bangkok, Thailand, April
2017.
Delegation of Indonesia and Chairman at Asia Pacific
Telecommunity Wireless Group (AWG), Busan, Korea, 25-29
Sept. 2017.

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Recent 5G Activities (3/3)

ITU Academia, Secretary General Office during ITU Telecom

World 2017.
ITU Telecom World 2017, Busan, Korea, Sept. 2017.
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Panelists of 5G in IEEE Globecom 2017

IEEE Globecom is Top Major IEEE Conference on

Telecommunications.
CTO/Executive Forum – 5G Regional Activities.

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Outline

Problems
1 Unstoppable Trend
2 Explosion of Connected Devices
3 Human vs Machines
5G Potencies for Human Life
Mapped Solutions
1 Understand Dillema
Contributions
1 ICT for Sustainable nature
2 PATRIOT-Net
3 Human Priority
4 New IoT Technology
Conclusions

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Problem 1: Unstoppable Trend

Image: IEEE Information Theory Society, NTT Docomo at ICC2016, May 2016.

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Why 5G: The Vision

4
Korean 5G Forum whitepaper, 2016.
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Motivation: 5G Visions

5
Korean 5G Forum whitepaper, 2016.
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Principle of Pyramid Hologram

6
J. Mahfud and T. Matsumaru, ”Interactive Aerial Projection of 3D Hologram Object”, International Conference on Robotics and
Biomimetics, Qingdao, China, December 3-7, 2016.
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Problem 2: Explosion of Connected Devices

50 Billion connections by 2020 #Devices

Physically
Things 50 billions Impossible
10,000
Massive Access
Digital Society 1000

100 High
Inflection points People 5 billions Speed
of
Today’s
10 Ultra Today’s Systems
Places 1 billion Reliable Systems
1
1875 1975 2020 2025 bps Kbps Mbps Gbps Rate

We need new efficient techniques.

New resource 1: exploit interference [1][2].
New resource 2: exploit dynamic of fading [3].
New recource 3: exploit direct links [4].
[1]. Liva, TCOM 2011, [2]. K. Anwar and M. N. Hasan, SCC 2015, [3]. K. Anwar, VTC2016-Spring, [4]. K. Anwar,

ICC2016.

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Problem 3: Human vs. Machines

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Group 40: Harmonized mmWave Band (ITU WRC19)

7
Image: ECC.
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Frequency and Attenuation

8
8
Image: J.P. Silver, 2016.
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Time Plan Towards 2020

9
Image: 3GPP.
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Waveform Candidates for 5G
OFDM: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
UFMC: Universal Filtered Multicarrier
FBMC: Filter Bank Multicarrier
GFDM: Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing

10
10
Gerzaguet et al., ”The 5G candidate waveform race: a comparison of complexity and performance”, EURASIP Journal on
Wireless Communications and Networking (2017) 2017:13.
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Waveform Candidates for 5G

11
11
Gerzaguet et al., ”The 5G candidate waveform race: a comparison of complexity and performance”, EURASIP Journal on
Wireless Communications and Networking (2017) 2017:13.
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Waveform Candidates for 5G: FBMC

12
Gerzaguet et al., ”The 5G candidate waveform race: a comparison of complexity and performance”, EURASIP Journal on
Wireless Communications and Networking (2017) 2017:13.
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 5G Potencies for Human Life

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The History

13

13
Korean 5G Forum whitepaper, 2016.
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The Market: 5G VR

14

Use of HMD (Head Mount Display) for VR is natural as the video

appliances consistently develops.
We need refresh rate of 100 Hz or more and motion-to-photon
latency of 20ms or less to avoid dizziness, motion sickness.
14
Korean 5G Forum whitepaper, 2016.
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The Market: 5G Remote Surgery Services

15

Robots are divided into:

(1) Teleoperation services: remote surgery, radioactive
contaminated area.
(2) Smart industrialization services: repeated works, no control by
human, but program.
15
Korean 5G Forum whitepaper, 2016.
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The Market: Self-Driving Car

16

Level Type Steering/Accel. Monitoring Fallback

0 No automation Human Human Human
1 Function-based Human + System Human Human
2 Combined 1 System Human Human
3 Limited Self-drive System System System
4 Full Self-drive System System System

16
Korean 5G Forum whitepaper, 2016.
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The Benefit: 5G for Railway System

17

17
Image: AWG-21-INP72, April 2017.
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The Benefit: 5G Network Slicing

18

18
Image: Netmanias.com.
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 How to Map Possible Solutions
To Nature and Human Life

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(1) Understand the Information

19 .

19
I(X; Y ): mutual information, S/N=signal-to-noise power ratio. H(p): binary entropy
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(2) Understand The Philosophy

S
C = B log2 (1 + γ) , γ = (1)
N
1
= 400, 000, 000 log2 (1 + 6 · · 10) (2)
2
= 1.98 Gbps (3)

20
20
Image Source: Abine.com, ”The Dark Knight”. S: signal power, N : noise power.
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(3) Understand The Theory
Fixed capacity. If R < C, Pe → 0. CBEC = 1 − 
CAW GN = B log2 (1 + S/N ), CBSC = 1 − H(p)

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(4) Understand The Principle

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Understand the Secret of Double FFT → Uplink 4G

21

21
K. Anwar and H. Yamamoto, ”A new design of carrier interferometry OFDM with FFT as spreading codes”, IEEE RWS 2006,
California, USA, Jan. 2006.
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(5) Understand The Channels

Which channel is better

I (A) Single-path, h = [h0 , 0, 0, 0, 0],
I (B) Multi-path, h = [h0 , h1 , h2 , h3 , h4 ],
Modeling in a Channel Matrix

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(6) Understand The Solution and Side Effect

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(7) Understand Simple Computation

Φ = FHFH
→ Extention to MIMO system is straighforward.

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The Dragon Ball Inspired Algorithm

22

22
Source: Google
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Solution by the CHATUE Algorithm

K K K time
FD SC/MMSE Decoder
Block 1 Block 2 Block 3
Length of detected y’ EQ’ C-1’
Block 2
Interference Interference
from the past from the future

With GI Without GI y EQ C-1

La,E1 Lp,D1=La,E2 Lp,D2=La,E3

y’’ EQ’’ C-1’’
E1&D1 E2&D2 E3&D3

time
La,E1=Lp,D2 La,E2=Lp,D3 La,E3

Chained Equalization 23 24

23
[1] K. Anwar, Z. Hui, and T. Matsumoto, ”Chained Turbo Equalization for Block Transmission without Guard Interval”, in IEEE
VTC-Spring 2010, Taiwan, May 2010.
24
[2] K. Anwar and T. Matsumoto, ”Low-complexity Time-concatenated Turbo Equalization for Block Transmission: Part 1 – The
Concept”, Wireless Personal Comm., Springer, March 2012 (DOI 10.1007/s11277-012-0563-0).
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(8) Understand The Future: The Dillema

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Understand The Future: The Dillema

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 We Must Contribute
Somethings
Karya Anak Bangsa

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(1) Proposing ICT for Sustainable Nature

25

25
K. Anwar, AdWiTech 2016.
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(2) Proposing PATRIOT-Net for Sustainable Nature

26

26
K. Anwar and Team, PATRIOT-Net, Submitted to RISPRO LPDP, 2016.
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(3) Proposing Human Priority than Machines

   
Ω(x) = exp − GR1 +
1 G2
R2 + G3
R3 (1 − x)

Ω(x): Degree distribution of networks time-slot.

G1 , G2 , G3 : Traffics of human, machine group 1, and machine
group 2.
R1 , R2 , R3 : Network rates of human, machine group 1, and
machine group 2.
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(4) Proposing New IoT Technologies

27

Contention-based Access IoT Technologies Throughput

Pure ALOHA SigFox, LoRa 0.18 pck/slot
Slotted ALOHA RFID, RACH of LTE, 0.37 pck/slot
NB-IoT (CIoT), Weightless
Non-slotted CSMA/CA Zigbee, WiFi 0.5–0.8 pck/slot
Slotted CSMA/CA Zigbee 0.8 pck/slot
Coded Random Access AdWiTech, Telkom Univ. 0.9-3.7 pck/slot
27
A. A. Purwita and K. Anwar, ”Massive Multiway Relay Networks Applying Coded Random Access”, IEEE Transaction on Com-
munications, Vol. 64, No. 10, October 2016.
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(5) Proposing Exploitation of Interference

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(6) Proposing New Polar Codes-Like Coding for 5G

28

28
E. Arikan, 2011.
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Polar Coding for 5G and Hadits Arbain No. 6

29

”Sesungguhnya yang halal itu jelas dan yang haram itu jelas. Di
antara keduanya ada perkara samar-samar (syubhat) yang tidak
diketahui orang banyak. Barang siapa takut terhadap yang subhat
berarti dia telah menyelamatkan agamanya dan kehormatannya......
”
29
E. Arikan, 2011.
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(7) Proposing Qana’ah Codes for 5G Networks

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Rateless Raptor Codes and Qanaah

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Conclusion: Having Dream

30

30
Source: Henk Wimersch, Sweden
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Contact Information

Contact Information:
Dr. Eng. Khoirul Anwar
Asct. Prof./ Director,
Advanced Wireless Technologies (AdWiTech),
School of Electrical Engineering, Telkom University,
Jl. Telekomunikasi No. 1, Terusan Buah Batu,
Bandung, 40257 INDONESIA.
E-mail: anwarkhoirul@telkomuniversity.ac.id

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