PIPE

1. A vapor compression refrigeration system is designed to have a capacity of 150 tons of

refrigeration. It produces chilled water from 22°C to 2°C. Its actual coefficient of performance is
5.86 and 35% of the power supplied to the compressor is lost in the form of friction and cylinder
cooling losses. Determine the condenser cooling water required for a temperature rise of 10°C.
14.75kg/s C. 18.65 kg/s
15.65 kg/s D. 13.75 kg/s
A

2. A single acting, twin cylinder, Ammonia compressor with bore equal to stroke is driven by an
engine at 250 rpm. The machine is installed in a chilling plant to produce 700 kW of refrigeration
at -18°C evaporating temperature. At this temperature the cooling effect per kg mass is 1160 kJ.
The specific volume of vapor entering the compressor is 0.592 m 3 per kilogram. Assume 85%
volumetric efficiency. Determine the bore in mm.
400 mm C. 450 mm
300 mm D. 500 mm
A

3. A cylindrical flash tank mounted with its axis horizontal is used to separate liquid
ammonia from ammonia vapor. The ammonia vapor bubbles through the liquid with 70
m3/min leaving the disengaging surface. The disengaging rate is limited to 60 m/min and
the liquid level is to operate with the liquid level one-third of the diameter from the top.
Determine the diameter if the tank is 1.5 m long.
830 mm C. 860 mm
730 mm D. 760 mm
A

4. Determine the estimated condenser load for an open-type compressor having a cooling capacity
of 16,500 Btu/hr and a heat rejection factor of 1.32.
22,280 Btu/hr C. 21,780 Btu/hr
20,780 Btu/hr D. 91,780 Btu/hr
C

5. The weight of ammonia circulated in a machine is found to be 21.8 lb/hr. if the vapor enters the
compressor with a specific volume of 9.6 Ft3/hr, calculate the piston displacement, assuming 80%
percent volume efficiency.
261.6 Ft3/hr C. 281.8 Ft3/hr
3
271.6 Ft /hr D. 291.6 Ft3/hr
A

6. How much refrigeration capacity is required to cool 2000 cfm of air from 85°F to 70°F?
2.7 TOR C. 1.7 TOR
3.7 TOR D. 4.7 TOR
 A

7. A centrifugal pump discharge 20 L/s against a head of 17 m when the speed is 1500 rpm. The
diameter of the impeller was 30 cm and the brake horsepower was 6.0. A geometrically similar
pump 40 cm in diameter is to run at 1750 rpm. Assuming equal efficiencies, what brake
horsepower is required?
51.55 HP C. 40.15 HP
50.15 HP D. 45.15 HP
C

8. A pump delivers 20 cfm of water having a density of 62 lb/ft3. The suction and discharge gage
reads 5 in. Hg vacuum and 30 psi respectively. The discharge gage is 5 ft above the suction
gage. If pump efficiency is 70%, what is the motor power?
5.31 Hp C. 4.31 Hp
3.31 Hp D. 6.31 Hp
C

9. The piston displacement of a double acting compressor is 0. 358 m 3 delivers gas from 101.325
kPa and 300 K to 675 kPa at the rate of 0.166 m 3/s at 150 rpm. Value of n for compression and
expansion is 1.33. Find the compressor percent clearance.
19.66 C. 15.69
10.75 D. 16.96
D

10. An induced draft fan is used to extract 270000 m 3 of flue gas per hour from a boiler furnace. The
fan is to deliver at a total pressure of 250 mm water gage. Determine the size of the electric motor
in kW if a mechanical efficiency of 55% is considered.
444.33 kW C. 433.44 kW
343.44 kW D. 334.44 kW
D

11. A pump delivers 500 gpm of water against a total head of 200 ft and operating at 1770 rpm.
Changes have increased the total head to 375 ft. At what rpm should the pump be operated to
achieve the new head at the same efficiency?
2800 rpm C. 3434 rpm
3600 rpm D. 2424 rpm
D

12. A boiler contains 3.5 tons of water initially having 40 ppm dissolved solids after 24 hrs the
dissolved solids in the water is 2500 ppm. If the feed rate is 875 kg/hr, find the ppm of dissolved
solids contained in the feed water.
410 ppm C. 390 ppm
320 ppm D. 420 ppm
A
13. A 60 MW steam turbine generator power plant has a full-load steam rate of 8 kg/kW-hr. assuming
that no-load steam consumption as 15% of full-load steam consumption, compute for the hourly
steam consumption at 75% load, in kg/hr.
37,800 kg/hr C. 30,780 kg/hr
38,700 kg/hr D. 30,870 kg/hr
A

14. Air is drawn into a gas turbine working on the constant pressure cycle at 1 bar 21°C and
compressed to 5.7 bars. The temperature at the end of heat supply is 680°C. Taking expansion
and compression to be adiabatic where Cv = 0.718 kJ/kg-K, Cp = 1.055 kJ/kg-K, calculate the
heat energy supplied per kg at constant pressure.
472 kJ/kg C. 501 kJ/kg
389 kJ/kg D. 489 kJ/kg
A

15. The net power output of an air-standard Brayton cycle is 200 kW. Air enters the compressor at
32°C and leaves the high-temperature heat exchanger at 800°C. What is the mass flow rate of air
if it leaves the turbine at 350°C?
0.57 kg/s C. 0.77 kg/s
0.67 kg/s D. 0.87 kg/s
D

16. In an air-standard Brayton cycle the inlet temperature and the pressure are 20°C and 101.325
kPa. The turbine inlet conditions are 1200 kPa and 900°C. Determine the air flow rate if turbines
produce 12 MW.
21.41 kg/s C. 19.25 kg/s
20.20 kg/s D. 18.10 kg/s
B

17. A gas turbine power plant operating on the Brayton cycle delivers 15 MW to a standby electric
generator. What are the mass flow rate and the volume flow rate of air if the minimum and
maximum pressures are 100 kPa and 500 kPa respectively, and temperature of 20°C and
1000°C?
31.97 kg/s, 26.88 m3/s C. 41.97 kg/s, 26.88 m 3/s
36.98 kg/s, 28.99 m 3/s D. 46.98 kg/s, 28.99 m 3/s
A

18. A hydro-electric impulse turbine is directly coupled to a 24 pole, 60 Hz alternator. It has a specific
speed of 60 rpm and develops 3000 Hp. What is the required diameter assuming a peripheral
speed ratio of 0.45?
0.661 m C. 0.443 m
0.552 m D. 0.775 m
 A

19. The tail water and the headwater of a hydro-electric power plant are 150 m and 200 m
respectively. What is the water power if the flow is 15 m3/s and a head loss of 10% of the gross
head?
6,621.75 kW C. 5,621.76 kW
7,621.65 kW D. 4,621.56 kW
A

20. In a hydro-electric plant, water flows at 10 m/s in a penstock of 1 m 2 cross-sectional area. If the
net head of the plant is 30 m and the turbine efficiency is 85%, what is the turbine output?
2,501.55 kW C. 3,626.34 kW
2,100.21 kW D. 3,124.65 kW
A
21. It is desired to deliver 5 gpm at a head of 640 ft in a single stage pump having s specific speed
not to exceed 40. If the speed is not to exceed 1352 rpm, how many stages are required?
3 C. 5
4 D. 2
D
22. A condensate pump at sea level takes water from a surface condenser where the vacuum is 15
in. of mercury. The friction and turbulence in the piping in the condenser hot well and the pump
suction flange is assumed to be 6.5 ft. if the condensate pump to be installed has a required head
of 9 ft, what would be the minimum height of water level in the hot well that must be maintained
above the centerline of the pump to avoid cavitations?
2.5 ft C. 18 ft
15.5 ft D. 5.5 ft
B
23. A pump delivers 2o cfm of water having a density of 62 lb/ft3. The suction discharge gage reads 5
in. Hg vacuum and 30 psi respectively. The discharge gage is 5 ft above the suction gage. If the
pump efficiency is 70%, what is motor power?
5.31 Hp C. 4.31 Hp
3.31 Hp D. 6.31 Hp
C

24. What is the velocity of sound 150°F (66°C) air at a standard pressure? Note: density of air @
150°F is 0.064 lbm/ft3.
1215 ft/s C. 2345 ft/s
3245 ft/s D. 4321 ft/s
A

25. Ideal Oxygen is throttled at 140°F from 10 atm to 5 atm. What is the temperature change?
0 C. infinity
Negative D. 1
 A

26. A duct 0.40 m high and 0.80 wide suspended from the ceiling in a corridor, makes a right angle
turn in the horizontal plane. The inner radius is 0.2 m and the outer radius is 1.0 m measured
from the same center. The velocity of air in the duct is 10 m/s. compute the pressure drop in this
elbow. Assuming; f = 0.3, ρ = 1.204 kg/m 3 and L = 10 m.
341 Pa C. 143 Pa
441 Pa D. 144 Pa
A

27. To what weight will 68°F ethyl alcohol rise in a 0.005 inch internal diameter glass capillary tube?
The density of alcohol is 49 lbm/ft3. Where: β = 0° = angle of contact angle and surface tension σ
= 0.00156 lbm/ft @ 68°F.
0.3056 ft C. 0.4312 ft
0.2504 ft D. 0.2432 ft
A

28. What is the pressure 8000 ft below the water surface of the ocean? Neglect compressibility.
512,000 psf C. 157,000 psf
324,500 psf D. 213,000 psf
A

29. If atmospheric air 14.7 psia and 60°F at sea level, what is the pressure at 12000 ft altitude if air is
incompressible? Note: @ 60°F; the density of air is 0.0763 lbm/ft3 ; P1 = 14.7 psia
5.467 psia C. 8.342 psia
9.345 psia D. 2.346 psia
C

30. If atmospheric air 14.7 psia and 60°F at sea level, what is the pressure at 12000 ft altitude if air is
compressible? Note @ 60°F; the density of air is 0.0763 lbm/ft3 ; P1 = 14.7 psia
5.467 psia C. 8.342 psia
9.53 psia D. 2.346 psia
B

31. Determine the approximate load on a cooling tower if the entering and leaving temperatures are
96°F and 88°F, respectively and the flow rate of the water over the tower is 30 gpm.
2500 Btu/min C. 3000 Btu/min
2000 Btu/min D. 3500 Btu/min
B
32. Refrigeration is 2 m high, 1.2 m wide and 1 m deep. The over-all heat transfer coefficient is o.532
W/m2 °C. how many kilograms of 0°C ice will melt per hour if the inside temperature is maintained
at 10°C while the surrounding air temperature is at 35°C?
1.60 kg C. 2.60 kg
1.80 kg D. 2.80 kg
A

33. Calculate the heat transfer per hour through a solid brick wall 6 m long, 2.9 m high, and 225 mm
thick, when the outer surface is at 5°C and the inner surface at 17°C, the coefficient of thermal
conductivity of the brick being 0.6 W/m-K.
2,004.48 kJ C. 2,400.48 kJ
3,004.48 kJ D. 3,400.48 kJ
A

34. A vertical furnace wall is made up of an inner wall of firebrick 20 cm thick followed by insulating
brick 15 cm thick and an outer wall of steel 1 cm thick. The surface temperature of the wall
adjacent to the combustion chamber is 1200°C while that of the outer surface of steel is 50°C.
The thermal conductivities of the wall material in W/m-K are; firebrick, 10; insulating brick, 0.26;
and steel, 45. Neglecting the film resistance and contact resistance of joints, determine the heat
loss per sq.m. Of the wall area.
1.93 W/m2 C. 1.55 W/m2
2.93 W/m 2 D. 2.55 W/m2
A

35. One side of refrigerated cold chamber is 6 m long by 3.7 m high and consist 168 mm thickness of
cork between outer and inner walls of wood. The outer wood wall is 30 mm thick and its outside
face temperature is 20°C, the inner wood wall 35 mm thick and its inside face temperature is -
3°C. taking the coefficient of thermal conductivity of cork and wood 0.42 and 0.20 W/m-k
respectively, calculate the heat transfer per second per sq. m of surface area.
5.138 J C. 6.318 J
4.138 J D. 3.318 J
B
36. Hot gases at 280°C flow on one side of a metal of 10mm thickness and air at 35°C flows on the
other side. The heat transfer coefficient of the gasses is 31.5 W/m 2-K and that of the air is 32
W/m2-K. Calculate the over-all transfer coefficient.
15.82 W/m2-K C. 14.82 W/m2-K
16.82 W/m2-K D. 17.82 W/m2-K
A

37. The surface temperature of the hot side of the furnace wall is 1200°C.it is desired to maintain the
outside of the wall at 38°C. A 152 mm of refractory silica is used adjacent to the combustion
chamber and 10 mm of steel covers the outside. What thickness of insulating brick is necessary
between refractory and steel, if the heat loss should be kept at 788 W/m 2, and 45 for steel.
220 mm C. 260 mm
240 mm D. 280 mm
A
38. A hollow sphere has an outside radius of 1 m and is made of polystyrene foam with a thickness of
1 cm. a heat source inside keeps the inner surface 5.20°C hotter than the outside surface? The
thermal conductivity of polystyrene foam is 0.033 W/m°C.
200 W C. 300 W
216 W D. 316 W
B

39. A wall with an area of 10 m 2 cm thickness of white pine (k = 0.113 W/m°C) followed by 10 cm of
brick (k = 0.649°C W/m°C). The pine is on the inside where the temperature is 10°C. Assuming
equilibrium conditions exist, what is the temperature at the interface between the two metals?
15.65°C C. 18.21°C
17.64°C D. 19.31°C
D

40. A pipe with an outside diameter of 2.5 in. is insulated with a 2 in layer of asbestos (k a = 0.396
Btu/in./hr-ft2-°F). If the temperature of cork 1.5 in. thick (kc = 0.30 Btu/in./hr-ft2-°F). If the
temperature of the outer surface of the cork is 90°F, calculate the heat loss per 100 ft of insulated
pipe.
847.64 Btu/hr C. 2847.42 Btu/hr
3847.51 Btu/hr D. 1847.14 Btu/hr
C

41. The journals of a shaft are 380 mm diameter, it runs at 105 rpm and the coefficient of friction
between journals and bearings is 0.02. If the average load on the bearing is 200 KN, find the heat
generated per minute at the bearing?
501.375 kJ C. 401.375 kJ
505.575 kJ D. 501.575 kJ
A

42. The flow energy of 124 liters per minute of a fluid passing a boundary to a system is 108.5
kJ/min. determine the pressure at this point.
875 kPa C. 975 kPa
675 kPa D. 575 kPa
A

43. Calculate the change in enthalpy as 1 kg of nitrogen is heated from 1000 K to 1500 K, assuming
the nitrogen is an ideal gas at a constant pressure. The temperature dependent specific heat of
nitrogen is Cp = 39.06 – 512.79 T1.5 + 1072.7 T2 – 820.4T3 where Cp is in kJ/kg-mol, T is in K.
600 kJ C. 800 kJ
697.27 kJ D. 897.27 kJ
B
44. One kilogram of wet steam at a pressure of 8 bar (Vg = 0.2404 m 3/kg, vf = 0.0011148 m 3/kg) and
dryness 0.94 is expanded until the pressure is 4 bar (vg = 0.4625 m 3/kg, vf = 0.0010836 m3). If
the expansion follows the law PVn = C, where n =1.12, find the dryness fraction of the steam at
the lower pressure.
0.9072 C. 0.2260
0.4197 D. 0.2404
C

45. A typical industrial fuel oil, C16H32 with 20% excess air by weight. Assuming complete oxidation of
the fuel, calculate the actual air-fuel ratio by weight.
17.56 kgair/kgfuel C. 16.75 kgair/kgfuel
15.76 kgair/kgfuel D. 17.65 kgair/kgfuel
A