Solution Slot – 3 (Mathematics) Page # 73

BINOMIAL THEOREM

EXERCISE – I HINTS & SOLUTIONS

Sol.1 C
T7 1
n
given that T  6
7
n
(1 + x) n
=  Cr xr = (nC x0 + nC x2 + ……)
0 2
r 0 n6 n 6  2
n
C6 2 3
1 3 2 2 3
1
+ (nC1x1 + nC3x3 + ……) 
n n 6  2

6
  6
2 n 3 6
C6 3 3 2 3
T2  T4  T6    b
= (b + a)  T  T  T    a
 1 3 5 1 1
n6
    6   2  3  1
2 n 3 6
 (1 – x)n = (nC0x0 + nC2x2 + ……) ( 2 .3 )
– (nC1x1 + nC3x3 + ……) 3 = n – 6 n = 9
=b–a
(1 – x ) = (1 + x) (1 – x)n = (a + b) (a – b)
2 n n
Sol.4 A
= b2 – a2
4n 1 2
1  1   4n 1
C0    4n 1
C 2    
 
Sol.2 C  4n   4n   4n 

15 4n
 13 1  4n 1
2  C 4n  
x  x   4n 
 

 1 1   1 1   1 2  1 4 n1 
15 r r
15
1
  x  21  1  
4n  1  
4n  4n 
 
 4n 

Tr 1  Cr  x 3   1 1   
    2! 4n!

15 – r  r 30 – 5r
Tr 1  15
Cr ( 1)r (x) 3 2
 15Cr ( 1)r ( x ) 6 1 1 1
 1 1   
2! 3! ( 4n)!
30  5r
Given if  0 then Tr + 1 = 5m, m  N  1 1 
6 1  1 
3n
1  
3n 
   1 1  
 r=6  T7 = 5m  3n  2!

15  14  13  12  11  10
T7 = 15C6 (–1)6 =  1 1   1 2  1 3 n1 
65 4 3 2 1  
3n  3n 
 
 3n 


(3n)!
= 5.71311 = 5(1001)  m = 1001

Sol.3 B 1 1 1
 1 1    
2! 3! (3n)!
n
 1 1  n–6
7th term of  2 3  3 3  is T7 = nC6 2 3 3–2 2n  1 1 
1  1  1  
  2n 
   1 1  
 2n  2!
From begining
1 n  1 1   1 2  1 2n1 
1
7th term of  2 3  3 3  from the end 1     
2n   2n   2n 
  
( 2n)!
n
1 1
= 7th term of  3 3  2 3  from the begining 1 1 1
   1 1    
2! 3! (2n)!
 n– 6
3 
 T7  nC6 3 22

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 Page # 74 Solution Slot – 3 (Mathematics)

n  1 1  1 7
1  1   1  1  1 

n

 C 1  7 C3 4x  1
    26
 n 2!
2 3
 7C5 4x  1  7C7 4x  1 
 1 1   1 2  1 n1 
1  
 n  n 
 
 n 

= is the polynomial in x of degree 3

(n)!
Sol.7 B
1 1 1
 1 1     100 r r
2! 3! (2n)! G.T. is Tr 1  100Cr (2) 2
(3 ) 4
n 2n 3n 4n The above term will be rational if exponent of 2
1  1   1  1   1 
1 
 1 
1 
      & 3 are integers.
 n   2n   3n   4n 
100  r r
i.e. and must be integers
2 4
Sol.5 C
the possible set of r is = {0, 4, 8, 16,……, 100}
r n r
x 2 no. of rational terms is 26
Tr 1  nCr (2)nr    nCr r x r
3 3
Sol.8 B
2n 7 n 2 n  8
n
If n  N & n is even then
Coeff T8 = T9  C 7 7  C8 8
3 3
1

1

1

1
n
C 3.2 n 8 1 1  (n  1)! 3!(n  3) 5!(n  5) (n  1)! 1!
 n 8   6
C7 1 8
1 n
 n – 7 = 48  n = 55  C1  nC 3  nC 5    nCn1
 
n!
n is even  n – 1 is odd
Sol.6 D n
Cn – 1 second Binomail coeff. from the end

 7 7
  1
1  
 1  4x  1    1  4x  1    C  C3  C5    Cn1 
n! 1
4x  1  2 


 2  
 

1 n1 2n1
 2 
n! n!
1  7 7 r r
7

27

4x  1 r  0
 Cr 1  4x  1  Sol.9 B
(12 + 1)1! + (22 + 1)2! + (32 + 1)3! + ……
+ (n2 + 1) n!
7
7 r
  Cr (1)7r  4x  1  n
r 0  2
Tn   (n
n 1
 1)n!

1
 7 [T1+T2+T3 +...+T8–T1+T2–T3 +...+T8]
2 4x  1 n
2
  n
n 1
 3n  2  3n  1 n! 
1
 2T2  T4  T6  T8 
27 4 x  1 n

1 3
  n  2 n  1  3(n  1)  2 n!
n 1

26 4 x  1
7

C1 4 x  1  7C3  4 x  1

n
5 7
 7 C 5  4 x  1  7 C 7  4 x  1    n  2 !  3 n  1 ! 2n!
n 1

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 Solution Slot – 3 (Mathematics) Page # 75

= 3! + 4! + 5! + …… + n! + (n + 1)! + (n + 2)! adding (2) & (3)

– 3[2! + 3! + 4! + 5! + …… + n! + (n + 1)!]  2[a0 + a2 + a4 + …… + a22] = 611
+ 2[1! + 2! + 3! + …… + n!]
= [(n + 2)! + (n + 1)! – 3(n + 1)! 611 6.610
 a0 + a2 + a4 +… + a22 = = = 3.610
– 3.2! + 2.1! + 2.2!] 2 2
= (n + 2)! – 2(n + 1)! – 2! + 2.1!
= (n + 1)! [n + 2 – 2] Sol.14 C
18
= (n + 1)! · n Cr – 2 + 2 · 18Cr–1 + 18Cr  20C13
= n · (n + 1)!  18Cr – 2 + 18Cr – 1 + 18Cr – 1 + 18Cr  20C13
 19Cr – 1 + 19Cr  20C13  20Cr  20C13
Sol.10 D 20C10 > 20C11 > 20C12 > 20C13
3400 = (32)200 = (9)200 = (10 – 1)200 & 20C10 > 20C9 > 20C8 > 20C7
= 200C0 10200 + 200C1 10199 + 200C2 10198 + r = 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 Total 7 elements
…… + 200C199 101 + 200C200 100
Sol.15 C
 200 C0 10198 200 197 200 196
(2x + 5y)13 greatest form for x = 10, y = 2
 100  C1 10  C2 10 


200 C198  200 C199101  200

C200100 n 1 n 1
  1 r 
x x
1 1
= (k)100 + 200 (10) + 1(1) y y
= (k + 20) 100 + 01
so last two digits is 01
14 14
  1 r 
2x 2x
1 1
Sol.11 A 5y 5y
C0 + C1 + C2 + …… + Cn = 2n = 256
 2n = 28  n = 8 14 14 11 14
 – 1  r    r 
r
3 3 3 3
8 r 1
Tr 1  8Cr 2x     8Cr 28r x 82r  3.66 ……  r  4.666  r = 4
x
 T5 = 13C4 (20)9 (10)4
For Constant term 8 – 2r = 0  r = 4

8 8765 4 Sol.16 D
 C 4 24  2  70  16  1120
432 3n
 xk  1  , n  N Independent of x
 
 x 2k 
Sol.12 A
sum of coeff of (1 – 2x + 5x2)n = a 3n 1
r
Tr 1  Cr x k  3nr  2k 
sum of coeff of (1 + x)2n = b x 
put x = y = 1
= 3nCr x3nk – rk – 2kr = 3nCr x3k(n – r)
a = (1 – 2 + 5)n = 4n & b = (1 + 1)2n = 22n = 4n
For Constant term  3k (n – r) = 0  n = r
a=b
Tr + 1 = 3nCn true for any real k or K  R
Sol.13 B
Let (2x2 – 3x + 1) = a0 + a1x + a2x2 + a3x3 + Sol.17 B
…… + a22x22 … (1) C0 C1 C2 C
     10
Put x = –1 1 2 3 11
a0 – a1 + a2 – a3 + … + a22
= (2 + 3 + 1)11 = 611 … (2) 10 10 10
Cr
Put x = 1 T
r 0
r 1   r 1
r 0
a0 + a1 + a2 + a3 + … + a22 = 0 … (3)

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 Page # 76 Solution Slot – 3 (Mathematics)

Sol.20 A
(1 + x + x2)25 = a0 + a1x + a2x2 + …… a50x50
10 10
1 10  1 10 1 11
  (10  1) 
r 0
r 1
 Cr 
11 r  0 
Cr 1
put x = 1
a0 + a1 + a2 + a3 + …… + a49 + a50 = 325 …(i)
put x = –1
1 11
  C1  11C 2    11C11  a0 – a1 + a2 – a3 + …+ a49 + a50 =(1 – 1 + 1)25…(ii)
11
adding (i) & (ii)
1 2[a0 + a2 + a4 + …… + a50] = 325 + 1
 11 C0 
11
C1 
11
C2   
11
C11 
11 
C0
11  
3 25  1 ( 4  1)25  1
a0 + a2 + a4 + …… + a50 = =
2 2
1 11 211  1

11

2 1 
11
 = 25C0 425 – 25C1 424 + 25C2 423 – ……
+ 25C24 41 – 1 + 1
25
Sol.18 4  C0 4 24  25
C1 4 23   25C 24 

2
n
P + f = 5  2 6  , P, n  N, 0 < f < 1
Sol.21 D
n coef of x4 in (1 – x + 2x2)12
Let f’ = 5  2 6  = |rational – irrational|n < 1
= 12C0 (1 – x)12 (2x2)0 + 12C1 (1 – x)11 (2x2)
+ 12C2 (1 – x)10 (2x2)2 + above x4 powers
P + f + f ’ = 2 [Integer] = even integer
terms of x4
 f + f ’ = 1  (f – 1) = –f ’
= 12C0 · 12C4 (–x)4 + 12C1 11C2 (–x)2 2x2
Now f2 – f + Pf – P = f(f – 1) + P(f – 1)
+ 12C2 10C0 4x4
= (f – 1) (P + f) = –f ’ (P + f)
= C4 + 12 · 11C2 · 2 + 12C2 · 4
12

n 2 2 n n
  5  2 6  5  2 6  = – [5 – 2  6] 12
= 12C4 + 2.3 · 11
1
C2 + 12C2 · 4
n 3
= –[25 – 24] = –1 = negative Interger
12
 C3  12C2  312 C2  12C3   12C3  12C3  12C 4
Sol.19 B
12 12 12 12 12 12 12
= C3  3( C2  C3 )  C2  C3  C3  C4
(x + 2)n – 1 + (x + 2)n – 2 (x + 1) + (x + 2)n – 3
(x + 1)2 + …… + (x + 1)n – 1
12
 C3  313C3  13
C3  13
C4
= an – 1 + an – 2 b + an – 3 b2 + …… + bn – 1
12
  b   b 2 n1  C3  313C3  14
C4
a n 1
1      b 
       
 a a a  Sol.22 B
n r
nk
 Cr  x C y
k 1
 b n 
1     1
 a  L.H.S. = n – 1Cr + n – 2Cr + n – 3Cr + …… + r Cr
 an  bn a
 an 1  an 1  = rCr + r + 1Cr + …… n – 2Cr + n – 1 Cr
b a  b an
1
a r
r r 1 r 1 
 Cr  C  Cr 1 
 r 1 r 
r+1
(x  2)n  (x  1)n = Cr + 1 + r + 1Cr + r + 2Cr + …… + n – 1Cr
 = (2 + x)n – (1 + x)n r+2
x  2  x 1 = Cr + 1 + r + 2Cr + …… + n – 1Cr
r+2
= Cr + 1 + …… + n – 1Cr
Tr+1 term is nCr 2n – r xr – nCr xr n–1
= Cr + 1 + n – 1Cr
coeff of xr is nCr (2n – r – 1) n x
= Cr + 1 = Cy  x = n, y = r + 1

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 Solution Slot – 3 (Mathematics) Page # 77

Sol.23 B 1 10 0 1 r
10 10
Cr 1  3 3   Cr 1  3 3 
Coeff of t in Alter :    
( + p)m – 1 +( + p)m – 2 ( + q)+( + p)m – 3 ( + q)2
…… + ( + q)m – 1 should be r = 0, 3,6, 9
 a  – q, pq 10 7 r
1  3 31   10
1
Cr  3 3  r shoule be r = 0, 3
Let +P=x & +q=y    
= xm – 1 + xm – 2 y + xm – 3 y2 + …… ym – 1
1 1 0 r

 y y
2
y
m1
 corresponding  7 7   3 3 
 x m1 1                
x
     x x
  
value of r = 0, 3, 6, 9 = 4 values

1 1 0 r

  y m  corresponding  7 7   3 3 
   
1   x  
m1    
x value of r = 0, 3 = 2 values
1  y 
  Total 6 values
 x

Sol.26 C
m 1 m m m m
x x y (  p)  (  q) Sum of the coeff of degree r is
 x 
xm xy  p q
(1 +x)n (1 + y)n (1 + z)n

1   n n  n n  n

 (  p)m  (  q)m     Ck x k   Cs y s  
  n
C t z t 
(p  q)  
 f 0   s 0  t 0 

 m Ct pm t  mCt qm  t  n n n k s t

= coeff of  =  t 

   C  C  C x y z
0k ,s,tn
k s t

 pq 
degree m = k + s + t = r
Sol.24 B
n
sum of coeff   Ck  nCs  nC t
(1 + x + x2 + …… + x9)–1 (|x| < 1)
k ,s,t0

1
 1 1  x10  (1  x ) = the number of way of choosing a total number
   = (1 – x) (1 – x10)–1
 1 x  (1  x10 ) r balls out of n white, n block and n red balls.
= 3nCr
= (1 – x) [1 + (x10) + (x10)2 + (x10)3 + …… ]
= (1 – x) [1 + x10 + x20 + x30 + x40 + …… + x400
+ x410 + …… ]
= coeff of x401 is (–1)

Sol.25 C

31/ 3 71/ 7 1
0 0 10
3 0 7
6 0 4  no. of terms are 6
9 0 1
3 7 0
0 7 3

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